CN109468492B - Titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and processing technology thereof - Google Patents

Titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and processing technology thereof Download PDF

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CN109468492B
CN109468492B CN201910044491.2A CN201910044491A CN109468492B CN 109468492 B CN109468492 B CN 109468492B CN 201910044491 A CN201910044491 A CN 201910044491A CN 109468492 B CN109468492 B CN 109468492B
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titanium alloy
rolling
alloy plate
plate
forging
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CN109468492A (en
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王青峰
姚川
郭凯
孟康
缪顿
张传友
王天生
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Yanshan University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/74Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention provides a titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and a processing technology thereof, belonging to the technical field of nonferrous metal processing, and adopting the technical scheme that the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is an equiaxial or bimodal structure, has yield strength of 900-970 MPa, tensile strength of 950-1050 MPa and elongation of 10-12%, and has a V-shaped notch impact power of more than or equal to 50J at the temperature of-10 ℃. The processing technology comprises the following steps: smelting titanium sponge serving as a raw material, and forging at 800-960 ℃ to obtain a plate blank; and (3) treating the plate blank at 880-980 ℃ for 30-60 min, and then rolling and cooling to obtain the titanium alloy plate. The titanium alloy plate has the advantages of simplified processing technology, energy conservation, high processing efficiency, low cost and good prospect of industrial scale production; the obtained titanium alloy plate has high impact toughness, excellent comprehensive mechanical property and wide application.

Description

Titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and processing technology thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal processing, in particular to a titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The titanium alloy has higher yield strength, high specific modulus, lower density, higher specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and good mechanical property, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, medical treatment, chemical engineering, ocean engineering and the like.The titanium alloy is often used as a structural material to be applied to submarines, deep submergence vehicles and ships, and the titanium alloy oil well pipe has a great application prospect in the field of offshore oil exploitation. In addition to the conventional mechanical properties, the requirements for impact toughness of titanium alloys are also very high in these applications. Impact toughness refers to the ability of a material to absorb plastic deformation work and fracture work under the action of an impact load, and can reflect the resistance of the material to external impact load, and generally is defined by an impact toughness value (a)k) And the impact work (Ak) in J/cm2And J (joules).
Generally, the impact toughness of titanium alloy is not high and is not matched with the requirements of application occasions, CN106695064A Chinese patent discloses a method for optimizing the toughness matching of metastable titanium alloy, a cooling atmosphere with higher temperature is provided under the condition of heat treatment, a groove area base material is heated to certain temperature under the condition of argon arc welding, a welding forming process with three times of welding and gradually increased fusion area is adopted under the condition of electron beam welding, so that the temperature field of a heat treatment structure/welding joint area is optimized, the cooling speed is slowed down, the synthesis of metastable brittle phase is inhibited, the toughness of a welding joint is improved, for the titanium alloy, the structure type formed by a hot working process has great influence on the performances such as strength, impact toughness and the like, a certain number of transformation 2 structures are distributed on a matrix of β transformation structure, the total content of primary α phase is not more than 50%, a certain number of transformation 2 structures are distributed on a matrix of primary α phase with uniformly distributed primary structures, the grain boundary of which is more than 50%, the equiaxial structure is distributed on a matrix of β transformation structure, the same initial α phase, the same titanium alloy, the microstructure is obtained, the same as a transverse microstructure, the equivalent structure, the microstructure of a transverse microstructure is obtained, the equivalent titanium alloy, the microstructure is obtained, the microstructure of a transverse microstructure with the highest impact toughness of a transverse microstructure, the same microstructure is obtained, the equivalent titanium alloy, the microstructure is obtained by the equivalent microstructure of a.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of poor impact toughness of the existing titanium alloy, the invention provides the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and the processing technology thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the titanium alloy sheet material with high impact toughness is an equiaxial or bimodal structure, the yield strength is 900-970 MPa, the tensile strength is 950-1050 MPa, the elongation is 10-12%, and the impact energy of a V-shaped notch at-10 ℃ is more than or equal to 50J.
The invention also provides a processing technology of the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness, which comprises the following steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: smelting titanium sponge serving as a raw material, and forging the titanium sponge in a two-phase region at 800-960 ℃ to obtain a plate blank;
(2) rolling a plate blank: and (3) treating the plate blank at 880-980 ℃ for 30-60 min, and then rolling and cooling to obtain the titanium alloy plate.
Preferably, the forging condition in the step (1) is two-phase region forging at 800-960 ℃, and a three-pier and three-drawing process is adopted.
Preferably, the alloy elements are added in the smelting process in the step (1), and the chemical component content (wt.%) of the slab is controlled to be Al: 5.0% -7.0%, Nb: 2.0% -3.0%, Zr: 0.5% -2.0%, Mo: 0.7% -1.2%, Fe: 0.02% -0.05%, Si: 0.01% -0.03% and the balance of Ti; the texture of the resulting slab is either equiaxed or bimodal.
Preferably, the rolling in the step (2) is performed in two passes on a two-roll or four-roll reversing mill.
More preferably, the initial rolling temperature is controlled to be 850-950 ℃ during rolling in the step (2), and the rolling speed is 0.001s-1~ 1s-1The accumulated deformation is 30% -60%.
Preferably, the cooling condition is air cooling, and the cooling rate is 10-20 ℃/min.
Preferably, the surface layer of 0.5-1mm is scalped and removed before rolling in the step (2).
Preferably, the titanium alloy plate is of an equiaxial or bimodal structure, the yield strength is 900-970 MPa, the tensile strength is 950-1050 MPa, the elongation is 10-12%, and the impact energy of a V-shaped notch at-10 ℃ is more than or equal to 50J.
Preferably, the specification ranges of the titanium alloy plate are as follows: the thickness is 12-18 mm, the width is 600-1010 mm, and the length is 2000-3000 mm.
According to the technical scheme, the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is provided, the titanium alloy plate is of an equiaxial or dual-state structure, the yield strength is 900-970 MPa, the tensile strength is 950-1050 MPa, the elongation is 10-12%, and the V-notch impact power is larger than or equal to 50J at minus 10 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the titanium alloy plate provided by the invention has high impact toughness and excellent comprehensive mechanical property; the optimized processing technology has simplified steps, scientific and reasonable temperature control, energy conservation, high efficiency, greatly reduced cost and good prospect of industrial scale production; the obtained plate can be widely applied to the fields of submarines, deep submergence vehicles, ships, marine oil exploitation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the metallographic structure of a titanium alloy slab obtained after forging in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of a titanium alloy obtained after completion of hot working in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure of a titanium alloy obtained after completion of hot working in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure of a titanium alloy obtained after completion of hot working in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the metallographic structure of a titanium alloy obtained after hot working in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure of a titanium alloy obtained by hot working in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The high impact toughness titanium alloy sheet material and the processing method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way, and modifications or similar substitutions made by those skilled in the art according to the technical solutions should be included in the scope of the present invention, and the equipment and methods used in the examples, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available, and if not specifically mentioned, are conventional.
Example 1
The titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is processed according to the following process steps:
(1) the forging slab is prepared by the forging process, wherein sponge titanium is used as a raw material, smelting is carried out for three times by adopting a vacuum consumable arc furnace, alloy elements are added in the smelting process, the chemical component contents (wt.%) of the slab are controlled to be 6.8% of Al, 2.8% of Nb, 1.8% of Zr, 1.2% of Mo, 0.03% of Fe, 0.02% of Si and the balance of Ti, then forging is started at 950 ℃, the final forging temperature is 800 ℃, the forging process is three-pier three-drawing, namely, upsetting is carried out for three times, drawing is carried out for three times, and the forging process is carried out alternately at intervals, and the reduction amount of the last pass is 60%.
(2) Rolling a plate blank: heating the plate blank in a stepping gas heating furnace at 930 deg.C for 50 min, discharging the titanium alloy plate blank, removing oxide skin with high-pressure water, and rolling on a two-roll reversible rolling mill at 900 deg.C and 0.001s-1Accumulating the deformation amount by 60%; and then placing the rolled plate on a cooling bed for air cooling, wherein the cooling rate is about 10-20 ℃/min, namely, the cooling speed of the plate is controlled to be 10-20 ℃/min, and thus the titanium alloy plate is obtained.
The properties of the obtained titanium alloy sheet were measured, and the metallographic structure is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the structure is a typical two-state structure, and on the basis of the lamellar structure of β transformation, primary α phases which are not connected with each other are distributed, but the total amount is not more than 50%.
The mechanical test result shows that the impact toughness at-10 ℃ is 90J/cm2The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: sigmab= 1020MPa,σ0.2= 950 MPa,δ = 10%。
Note: sigmabDenotes the tensile strength, σ0.2The yield strength is shown and the elongation is shown as δ.
Example 2
The titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is processed according to the following process steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: the method comprises the following steps of smelting the sponge titanium serving as a raw material for three times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, adding alloy elements in the smelting process, and controlling the chemical component content (wt.%) of a plate blank to be Al: 6.8%, Nb: 2.8%, Zr: 1.8%, Mo: 1.2%, Fe: 0.03%, Si: 0.02 percent, and the balance of Ti; and then starting forging at 950 ℃, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃, the forging process is three-pier and three-drawing, namely, upsetting is carried out for three times, drawing is carried out for three times, and the forging is carried out at intervals, wherein the rolling reduction of the last pass is 60%. Preparing a plate blank by a forging process;
(2) rolling a plate blank: heating the plate blank in a stepping gas heating furnace at 980 deg.C for 50 min, discharging the titanium alloy plate blank, removing oxide skin with high pressure water, and rolling on a two-roll reversible rolling mill at 950 deg.C and 0.1s-1Accumulating the deformation amount by 60%; and placing the rolled plate on a cooling bed for air cooling, wherein the cooling rate is about 10-20 ℃/min, and obtaining the titanium alloy plate.
The performance of the obtained titanium alloy sheet is measured, the metallographic structure is shown in the attached figure 3, the obtained structure is a typical two-state structure, a small amount of nascent α phase is distributed on a β transformed lamellar structure matrix, the total amount is not more than 50 percent, and the mechanical test result shows that the impact toughness at the temperature of-10 ℃ is 94J/cm2The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: sigmab= 900 MPa,σ0.2= 950MPa,δ = 12%。
Example 3
The titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is processed according to the following process steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: the method comprises the following steps of smelting the sponge titanium serving as a raw material for three times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, adding alloy elements in the smelting process, and controlling the chemical component content (wt.%) of a plate blank to be Al: 6.8%, Nb: 2.8%, Zr: 1.8%, Mo: 1.2%, Fe: 0.03%, Si: 0.02 percent, and the balance of Ti; and then starting forging at 950 ℃, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃, the forging process is three-pier and three-drawing, and the rolling reduction of the last pass is 60%. Preparing a plate blank by a forging process;
(2) rolling a plate blank: heating the plate blank in a stepping gas heating furnace at 880 deg.C for 50 min, discharging the titanium alloy plate blank, removing oxide skin with high-pressure water, and rolling on a two-roll reversible rolling mill at 850 deg.C and 1s rolling speed-1Accumulating the deformation amount by 60%; and placing the rolled plate on a cooling bed for air cooling, wherein the cooling rate is about 10-20 ℃/min, and obtaining the titanium alloy plate.
The performance of the obtained titanium alloy plate is measured, and the metallographic structureReferring to FIG. 4, the resulting structure is shown to be an equiaxed structure with a small amount of transformation β distributed on a uniformly distributed primary α phase matrix with a content of over 50%2The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: sigmab= 1050 MPa,σ0.2= 970MPa,δ = 10%。
Example 4
The titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is processed according to the following process steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: the method comprises the following steps of smelting the sponge titanium serving as a raw material for three times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, adding alloy elements in the smelting process, and controlling the chemical component content (wt.%) of a plate blank to be Al: 6.8%, Nb: 2.8%, Zr: 1.8%, Mo: 1.2%, Fe: 0.03%, Si: 0.02 percent, and the balance of Ti; then starting forging at 950 ℃, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃, the forging process is three-pier and three-drawing, the rolling reduction of the last pass is 60%, and a plate blank is prepared by the forging process;
(2) rolling a plate blank: heating the plate blank in a stepping gas heating furnace at 880 deg.C for 50 min, discharging the titanium alloy plate blank, removing oxide skin with high-pressure water, and rolling on a two-roll reversible rolling mill at 850 deg.C and 0.1s-1Accumulating the deformation amount by 30%; and placing the rolled plate on a cooling bed for air cooling, wherein the cooling rate is about 10-20 ℃/min, and obtaining the titanium alloy plate.
The performance of the obtained titanium alloy sheet is measured, the metallographic structure is shown in figure 5, the obtained structure is an equiaxial structure, a small amount of transition β structures are distributed on a primary α phase matrix which is uniformly distributed and contains more than 50%, and the mechanical test result shows that the impact toughness at the temperature of-10 ℃ is 84J/cm2The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: sigmab= 980 MPa,σ0.2= 900MPa,δ = 12%。
Comparative example 1
The titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is processed according to the following process steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: the method comprises the following steps of smelting the sponge titanium serving as a raw material for three times by using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, adding alloy elements in the smelting process, and controlling the chemical component content (wt.%) of a plate blank to be Al: 6.8%, Nb: 2.8%, Zr: 1.8%, Mo: 1.2%, Fe: 0.03%, Si: 0.02 percent, and the balance of Ti; and then starting forging at 950 ℃, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃, the forging process is three-pier and three-drawing, and the rolling reduction of the last pass is 60%. Preparing a plate blank by a forging process;
(2) rolling a plate blank: heating the plate blank in a stepping gas heating furnace at 1020 deg.C for 50 min, discharging the titanium alloy plate blank, removing oxide skin with high-pressure water, and rolling on a two-roll reversible rolling mill at 980 deg.C and 0.001s-1Accumulating the deformation amount by 60%; and placing the rolled plate on a cooling bed for air cooling, wherein the cooling rate is about 10-20 ℃/min, and obtaining the titanium alloy plate.
The performance of the obtained titanium alloy sheet is measured, the metallographic structure is shown in figure 6, and the obtained structure is a Widmannstatten structure which has coarse original β crystal grains and complete crystal boundary α phase, a larger-sized 'bundle set' is formed in the original β crystal grains, more α pieces of the same 'bundle set' are parallel to each other and have the same orientation, and the mechanical test result shows that the impact toughness at the temperature of-10 ℃ is 58J/cm2The room-temperature tensile property is as follows: sigmab= 950 MPa,σ0.2= 850 MPa, δ = 10%. The temperature in the rolling process of the comparative example plate blank is higher than the temperature selected by the method, the structure of the obtained titanium alloy plate is different from the equiaxial or bimodal structure of the invention, and the impact toughness is greatly reduced.
The mechanical properties of the embodiment of the invention are compared with those of the comparative example, and it can be seen that the impact toughness at minus 10 ℃, the tensile strength at room temperature and the yield strength of the embodiment are all stronger than those of the comparative example, and therefore, the titanium alloy plate prepared by the embodiment of the invention has more excellent mechanical properties.
In conclusion, the processing technology of the titanium alloy plate provided by the invention is simplified, and only the raw materials are forged, heated and cooled through comprehensively controlling the temperature and time of the forging, plate blank heating and heat preservation and rolling processes and controlling the cooling rate,Rolling and cooling to obtain the titanium alloy plate, so that the energy is saved, the processing efficiency is high, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the industrial scale production prospect is good; the obtained titanium alloy plate has high impact toughness which is not lower than 65J/cm2The impact toughness of the titanium alloy is higher than that of the common titanium alloy, and the titanium alloy has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, and can be widely applied to the fields of submarines, deep submergence vehicles, ships, marine oil exploitation and the like.

Claims (9)

1. The processing technology of the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) forging a plate blank: smelting titanium sponge serving as a raw material, and forging the titanium sponge in a two-phase region at 800-960 ℃ to obtain a plate blank;
(2) rolling a plate blank: treating the plate blank at 880-980 ℃ for 30-60 min, and then rolling and cooling to obtain a titanium alloy plate;
in the step (1), alloy elements are added in the smelting process, the chemical composition content (wt.%) of the plate blank is controlled to be 5.0-7.0% of Al, 2.0-3.0% of Nb, 0.5-2.0% of Zr, 0.7-1.2% of Mo, 0.02-0.05% of Fe, 0.01-0.03% of Si and the balance of Ti, the structure of the obtained plate blank is a bimodal structure, the V-notch impact power is more than or equal to 50J at-10 ℃, and an unconnected primary α phase is distributed on a lamellar structure matrix transformed from β, and the total amount is not more than 50%.
2. The machining process according to claim 1, wherein the forging condition in the step (1) is 800-960 ℃ two-phase region forging, and a three-pier three-drawing process is adopted.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the rolling in step (2) is a two-pass rolling on a two-roll or four-roll reversing mill.
4. The process according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the initial rolling temperature is controlled to be 850-950 ℃ and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.001s during rolling in the step (2)-1~ 1s-1Is accumulated and accumulatedThe deformation is 30% -60%.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the cooling condition is air cooling, and the cooling rate is 10-20 ℃/min.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of removing the 0.5-1mm surface layer before rolling.
7. The processing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy sheet material has a two-state structure, a yield strength of 900 to 970 MPa, a tensile strength of 950 to 1050 MPa, and an elongation of 10 to 12%.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy sheet material has a specification range of: the thickness is 12-18 mm, the width is 600-1010 mm, and the length is 2000-3000 mm.
9. The processing technology of claim 1 is based on the titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness, and is characterized in that the titanium alloy plate is a two-state structure, the yield strength is 900-970 MPa, the tensile strength is 950-1050 MPa, the elongation is 10-12%, and the V-notch impact energy at-10 ℃ is more than or equal to 50J.
CN201910044491.2A 2019-01-17 2019-01-17 Titanium alloy plate with high impact toughness and processing technology thereof Expired - Fee Related CN109468492B (en)

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