CN109466335A - Braking energy distribution method based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass - Google Patents
Braking energy distribution method based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN109466335A CN109466335A CN201811338388.0A CN201811338388A CN109466335A CN 109466335 A CN109466335 A CN 109466335A CN 201811338388 A CN201811338388 A CN 201811338388A CN 109466335 A CN109466335 A CN 109466335A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/14—Acceleration
- B60L2240/16—Acceleration longitudinal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/26—Vehicle weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/46—Drive Train control parameters related to wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Based on the braking energy distribution method of electric motor coach dynamic mass estimation, belong to electric motor coach braking energy distribution field.The present invention solves existing electric motor coach during Brake energy recovery, the influence due to electric motor coach real-time quality to recyclable braking energy, causes the accuracy rate of braking dump energy assessment low, the poor problem of Brake energy recovery efficiency.The present invention in composite energy storage electric motor coach by installing acceleration sensor apparatus and torque sensor device additional, boost phase is originated in electric motor coach, by the motor output torque measured, in conjunction with radius of wheel, electric motor coach acceleration is calculated, the real-time quality m of electric motor coach is calculated.Using the speed and quality of electric motor coach, the real-time kinetic energy of electric motor coach is calculated, and then determines recyclable ceiling capacity.The remaining charging capacity of super capacitor is reserved according to the ceiling capacity that can brake recycling.The present invention is suitable for the use of electric motor coach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric motor coach braking energies to distribute field, and in particular to a kind of braking energy distribution method.
Background technique
With the aggravation of oil crisis and environmental pollution, electric car already becomes the main development side of future terrestrial traffic
To.Vehicle is in urban traffic situation downward driving, and since traffic congestion frequently must accelerate and brake, traditional combustion engine automobile is by Brake Energy
Amount is converted into heat-energy losses brake in the form of rubbing and falls, and mixed power electric car has played the regeneration system of motor
Dynamic function, can be recycled the kinetic energy of vehicle in braking process, be remarkably improved when operating condition downward driving in city
Fuel economy simultaneously reduces discharge.
It is directed to the braking energy assignment problem of composite energy storage electric car at present, existing use enters system in electric car
When dynamic state, braking recycling preferentially is carried out using super capacitor, when super capacitor is charged to full electricity, complementary energy is filled to battery.
But this mode would generally accelerate cell degradation, and due to factors such as transducer effciencies, can lose a part of braking energy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing electric motor coach during Brake energy recovery, due to electric motor coach real-time quality
Influence to recyclable braking energy causes the accuracy rate of braking dump energy assessment low, and Brake energy recovery efficiency is poor
Problem proposes a kind of braking energy distribution method based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass.
Braking energy distribution method of the present invention based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass, the specific step of this method
Suddenly are as follows:
Step 1: initialization, calculates the gross mass of electric motor coach;
Step 2: judging whether electric motor coach enters starting state according to the velocity and acceleration signal of electric motor coach;If
It is to then follow the steps two, otherwise, calculates the kinetic energy of electric motor coach, execute step 5;
Step 3: calculating real-time total matter of electric motor coach according to the acceleration a of electric motor coach and electric motor coach acceleration F
Amount;
Step 4: calculating the dynamic of electric motor coach according to the real-time quality m of the travel speed of electric motor coach and electric motor coach
Energy;
It is calculated Step 5: electricity can be stored in super capacitor in energy recycling system;And judge that super capacitor can be deposited
Enter the kinetic energy whether electricity is greater than or equal to electric motor coach, if so, executing step 7, otherwise executes step 6;
Step 6: energy recycling system control super capacitor electric discharge, provides energy for Power System of Electric Bus, until super
Grade capacitor can be stored in the kinetic energy that electricity is equal to electric motor coach, and super capacitor stops electric discharge, execute step 7;
Step 7: judge whether electric motor coach enters on-position according to the brake pedal aperture of electric motor coach, if so,
Eight are thened follow the steps, otherwise, returns to step two;
Step 8: being recycled using the energy that on-position can be recycled in super capacitor in energy recycling system, realize
Braking energy distribution to being estimated based on electric motor coach dynamic mass, returns to step two.
Further: in step step 1, calculating the gross mass of electric motor coach method particularly includes:
Step 1 one, the motor torque T that electric motor coach is acquired using torque sensor;And combine electric motor coach wheel half
Diameter r calculates electric motor coach acceleration F;
The electric motor coach acceleration F that step 1 two, basis are calculated, the electric motor coach measured by acceleration transducer
Acceleration a calculates the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach.
Further: in step 1 one in electric motor coach acceleration F and step 3 electric motor coach acceleration F calculation method
It is identical, pass through formula:
F=T/r (1)
It calculates and obtains.
Further, it is calculated in step 3 in the method and steps one or two of the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach and calculates electric motor coach
The method of the real-time gross mass of vehicle is identical, and the real-time gross mass that electric motor coach is calculated in step 1 two passes through formula:
F=ma (2)
It realizes, wherein m is the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach.
Further, the specific method that electricity is calculated can be stored in super capacitor in energy recycling system in step 5
Are as follows:
Using formula:
It calculating and obtains the chargeable space S that super capacitor need to be reserved, wherein v is speed, and m is electric motor coach real-time quality,
ηrIt is the average efficiency of process of regenerative braking, CSCFor the total capacity of super-capacitor module, VSCmaxWith VSCminRespectively super capacitor
The maximum voltage and blanking voltage of module.
The present invention by installing acceleration sensor apparatus and torque sensor device additional in composite energy storage electric motor coach,
Electric motor coach originates boost phase, and by the motor output torque measured, in conjunction with radius of wheel, F=T/r calculates electric motor coach
The real-time quality m of electric motor coach is calculated in vehicle acceleration, F=ma.According to the driving status of electric motor coach, in conjunction with electric motor coach
The real-time quality m of vehicle calculates the real-time quality of electric motor coach, and then obtains the real-time kinetic energy of electric motor coach, really by electric motor coach
Real-time kinetic energy as the maximum value that recovers energy of braking, reserve super capacitor according to the maximum value that recovers energy can be braked
Remaining charging capacity.The estimation of electric motor coach dynamic process quality may be implemented to realize with composite energy storing device in the invention
The braking energy of electric motor coach remaining capacity distributes, and realizes the real-time kinetic energy for accurately calculating electric motor coach, effectively evaluates
The maximum value of Brake energy recovery realizes the assessment to super capacitor space to be preserved, effectively raises returning for braking energy
It produces effects rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the braking energy distribution method of the present invention based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: illustrating present embodiment below with reference to Fig. 1, moved described in present embodiment based on electric motor coach
The braking energy distribution method of state quality estimation, the specific steps of this method are as follows:
Step 1: initialization, calculates the gross mass of electric motor coach;
Step 2: judging whether electric motor coach enters starting state according to the velocity and acceleration signal of electric motor coach;If
It is to then follow the steps two, otherwise, calculates the kinetic energy of electric motor coach, execute step 5;
Step 3: calculating real-time total matter of electric motor coach according to the acceleration a of electric motor coach and electric motor coach acceleration F
Amount;And automatically update the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach;
Step 4: calculating the dynamic of electric motor coach according to the real-time quality m of the travel speed of electric motor coach and electric motor coach
Energy;
It is calculated Step 5: electricity can be stored in super capacitor in energy recycling system;And judge when super capacitor can
Otherwise the kinetic energy whether deposit electricity is greater than or equal to electric motor coach executes step 6 if so, executing step 7;
Step 6: energy recycling system control super capacitor electric discharge, provides energy for Power System of Electric Bus, until super
Grade capacitor can be stored in the kinetic energy that electricity is equal to electric motor coach, and super capacitor stops electric discharge, execute step 7;
Step 7: judge whether electric motor coach enters on-position according to the brake pedal aperture of electric motor coach, if so,
Eight are thened follow the steps, otherwise, returns to step two;
Step 8: being recycled using the energy that on-position can be recycled in super capacitor in energy recycling system, realize
Braking energy distribution to being estimated based on electric motor coach dynamic mass, returns to step two.
According to the velocity and acceleration signal of electric motor coach described in present embodiment, judge whether electric motor coach enters
Step state is starting state when acceleration is greater than the state that is gradually increased by zero of zero velocity, and when on-position, brake pedal is stepped on
Under, non-brake state, brake pedal is not operated, by judging brake pedal aperture, it can judges that electric motor coach is
It is no to be in on-position.Simultaneously using the real-time speed of velocity sensor acquisition electric motor coach, acquired using acceleration transducer
The real time acceleration of electric motor coach using acceleration, calculates the real-time quality of electric motor coach, and more after electric motor coach starting
The real-time total mass number evidence of new electric motor coach;When returning to step two after step 8, if not starting state, calculates electronic
The kinetic energy of car uses the real-time quality of the electric motor coach of last computation.When electric motor coach enters on-position, using real-time
The kinetic energy of Mass Calculation electric motor coach, using the kinetic energy of electric motor coach as standard, the pre- of electricity can be filled with by carrying out super capacitor
It stays, realizes effective recycling of energy, avoid the waste of braking energy, wherein the real-time kinetic energy of electric motor coach passes through formula
Obtain the real-time kinetic energy of electric motor coach.
Specific embodiment 2: present embodiment is to the system based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass described in embodiment one
Energy distribution method is described further, and in step 1, calculates the gross mass of electric motor coach method particularly includes:
Step 1 one, the motor torque T that electric motor coach is acquired using torque sensor;And combine electric motor coach wheel half
Diameter r calculates electric motor coach acceleration F;
The electric motor coach acceleration F that step 1 two, basis are calculated, the electric motor coach measured by acceleration transducer
Acceleration a calculates the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach.
Specific embodiment 3: present embodiment is to the system based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass described in embodiment two
Energy distribution method is described further, electric motor coach acceleration F in electric motor coach acceleration F and step 3 in step 1 one
Calculation method it is identical, pass through formula:
F=T/r (1)
It calculates and obtains.
Specific embodiment 4: present embodiment is estimated based on electric motor coach dynamic mass described in embodiment two or three
Braking energy distribution method be described further, in step 3 calculate electric motor coach real-time gross mass method and steps one
The method that the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach is calculated in two is identical, and the real-time gross mass that electric motor coach is calculated in step 1 two passes through
Formula:
F=ma (2)
It realizes, wherein m is the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach.
Specific embodiment 5: present embodiment is estimated based on electric motor coach dynamic mass described in embodiment one or two
Braking energy distribution method be described further, in step 5 to super capacitor in energy recycling system can be stored in electricity carry out
It calculates method particularly includes:
Using formula:
It calculating and obtains the chargeable space S that super capacitor need to be reserved, wherein v is speed, and m is electric motor coach real-time quality,
ηrIt is the average efficiency of process of regenerative braking, CSCFor the total capacity of super-capacitor module, VSCmaxWith VSCminRespectively super capacitor
The maximum voltage and blanking voltage of module.
The present invention be in order to solve composite energy storage electric motor coach in the process of moving, can not be accurate in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure
The reserved chargeable capacity of super capacitor, or electric motor coach real-time quality is had ignored to recyclable braking energy in reservation procedure
Influence, accelerate cell degradation etc. influence the problem of lower so as to cause Brake energy recovery efficiency.As long as using electric motor coach
Restarting just calculates the real-time quality of electric motor coach, and the real-time kinetic energy of electric motor coach is calculated using real-time quality, and will meter
The real-time kinetic energy calculated carries out super capacitor and fills the reserved of energy space, avoid as the ceiling capacity that can be recycled under on-position
The waste of energy effectively raises the Brake energy recovery efficiency of electric motor coach.
Claims (5)
1. the braking energy distribution method based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass, which is characterized in that the specific steps of this method
Are as follows:
Step 1: initialization, calculates the gross mass of electric motor coach;
Step 2: judging whether electric motor coach enters starting state according to the velocity and acceleration signal of electric motor coach;If so,
Two are thened follow the steps, otherwise, the kinetic energy of electric motor coach is calculated, executes step 5;
Step 3: calculating the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach according to the acceleration a of electric motor coach and electric motor coach acceleration F;
Step 4: calculating the kinetic energy of electric motor coach according to the real-time quality m of the travel speed of electric motor coach and electric motor coach;
It is calculated Step 5: electricity can be stored in super capacitor in energy recycling system;And judge that super capacitor can be stored in electricity
Otherwise the kinetic energy whether amount is greater than or equal to electric motor coach executes step 6 if so, executing step 7;
Step 6: energy recycling system control super capacitor electric discharge, provides energy for Power System of Electric Bus, until super electricity
The kinetic energy that electricity is equal to electric motor coach can be stored in by holding, and super capacitor stops electric discharge, execute step 7;
Step 7: judging whether electric motor coach enters on-position according to the brake pedal aperture of electric motor coach, if so, holding
Otherwise row step 8 returns to step two;
Step 8: being recycled using the energy that on-position can be recycled in super capacitor in energy recycling system, realize to base
In the braking energy distribution of electric motor coach dynamic mass estimation, two are returned to step.
2. the braking energy distribution method according to claim 1 based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass, which is characterized in that
In step 1, the gross mass of electric motor coach is calculated method particularly includes:
Step 1 one, the motor torque T that electric motor coach is acquired using torque sensor;And electric motor coach radius of wheel r is combined,
Calculate electric motor coach acceleration F;
The electric motor coach acceleration F that step 1 two, basis are calculated is accelerated by the electric motor coach that acceleration transducer measures
A is spent, the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach is calculated.
3. the braking energy distribution method according to claim 2 based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass, which is characterized in that
Electric motor coach acceleration F is identical with the calculation method of electric motor coach acceleration F in step 3 in step 1 one, passes through formula:
F=T/r (1)
It calculates and obtains.
4. the braking energy distribution method based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass according to Claims 2 or 3, feature exist
In, in step 3 calculate electric motor coach real-time gross mass method and steps one or two in calculate electric motor coach real-time gross mass
Method it is identical, in step 1 two calculate electric motor coach real-time gross mass pass through formula:
F=ma (2)
It realizes, wherein m is the real-time gross mass of electric motor coach.
5. the braking energy distribution method according to claim 1 or claim 2 based on the estimation of electric motor coach dynamic mass, feature exist
In can be stored in what electricity was calculated to super capacitor in energy recycling system in step 5 method particularly includes:
Using formula:
It calculates and obtains the chargeable space S that super capacitor need to be reserved, wherein v is speed, and m is electric motor coach real-time quality, ηrIt is
The average efficiency of process of regenerative braking, CSCFor the total capacity of super-capacitor module, VSCmaxWith VSCminRespectively super-capacitor module
Maximum voltage and blanking voltage.
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CN111806304A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-23 | 同济大学 | Vehicle fuel cell-lithium ion capacitor composite power supply system and control method |
CN115503495A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-23 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Energy feedback control method and system for electric vehicle |
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CN115503495A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-23 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Energy feedback control method and system for electric vehicle |
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