CN109458612A - A kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus and combustion method of coal dust gasification burning - Google Patents
A kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus and combustion method of coal dust gasification burning Download PDFInfo
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- CN109458612A CN109458612A CN201710796482.XA CN201710796482A CN109458612A CN 109458612 A CN109458612 A CN 109458612A CN 201710796482 A CN201710796482 A CN 201710796482A CN 109458612 A CN109458612 A CN 109458612A
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 334
- 241000143973 Libytheinae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
- F23C5/10—Disposition of burners to obtain a flame ring
- F23C5/12—Disposition of burners to obtain a flame ring for pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning, the device includes more tangential circle combustion hearths, more tangential circle combustion hearths include burner hearth angle wall and burner hearth side wall, burner hearth furnace wall is provided with the spout group along short transverse setting of a column or more, and the spout group includes wind snout under powder, gasification spout group, combustion-supporting wind snout and top wind snout；Include the first wind snout groups, the second wind snout groups and a gasification wind snout groups in the gasification spout group comprising the first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snouts are in the same direction according to flow level direction of rotation or are reversely arranged successively.The invention also discloses the methods that the low nitrogen combustion apparatus to be burnt based on the coal dust gasification carries out low nitrogen burning.The present invention can sufficiently inhibit fuel type and thermal NOxGeneration.The after-flame stage is mainly gas-fired, and the fuel bound nitrogen quantity in coke and coke is few.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal-dust combustion device fields, in particular it relates to a kind of low nitrogen combustion of coal dust gasification burning
Burn device and combustion method.
Background technique
Conventional air grading combustion technology is mainly using burnout degree and the distance to main burning area is increased, to control in burner hearth
The regional scope of reducing atmosphere and reducing atmosphere, but the oxygen-enriched after-flame stage is delayed, the lower coke of reactivity
Ignition temperature reduces, burning time shortens, and the content of fly ash combustible material is caused to increase, boiler efficiency decline.It is big in burner hearth simultaneously
Range reducing atmosphere is but also the high temperature corrosion probability of burner hearth coking and water-cooling wall increases.It is controlled in addition, being converted by coke nitrogen
Influence, conventional air be classified coal dust low nitrogen burning effect there are great limitations.
For the coupled problem for solving Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder and NOx emission, there are a variety of coal dust Burning Technique by Dispelling Coupling schemes.This
A little technical solutions have all refined air classification, enhance the Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal of smaller scale and mesoscale, reduce to compared with
The dependence of large scale macroscopic view Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal.It under reasonable wind distribution, can make full use of the pyrolytic gasification of coal to act on, and make to lead
The oxygen content for firing area is almost nil, to keep the NOx in primary zone very low.In order to control the conversion of coke nitrogen, the scheme is also adopted
Taken some measures: burnout degree rate is classified compared with conventional air and reduces, and gradually uniformly diffusion mixes combustion air with coal dust in time, fires
Wind enters burner hearth in the position classification being closer with primary zone to the greatest extent.But since char nitrogen conversion and coal burn-off rate are almost synchronous
Increase, the scheme in setting separation burnout degree area necessarily makes uncombusted coke bring part of coke nitrogen into burning-out zone, causes part burnt
Charcoal nitrogen converts under high oxygen concentration environment, generates the step of NOx concentration, and finally make NOx emission concentration further decreases presence
One limit.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problem, the present invention proposes the low nitrogen combustion apparatus and combustion method of a kind of coal dust gasification burning.
The present invention provides a kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning, which includes more tangential circle combustion hearths,
More tangential circle combustion hearths include burner hearth angle wall and burner hearth side wall, and burner hearth furnace wall is provided with the spout group of a column or more, described
Spout group includes wind snout under powder, gasification spout group, combustion-supporting wind snout and top wind snout；
It include the first wind snout groups, the second wind snout groups and a gasification wind snouts in the gasification spout group
Group comprising the first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snouts it is in the same direction according to flow level direction of rotation
Or it is reversely arranged successively；
The powder leeward notch setting is in the lower section of the first wind snouts of lowest part and/or the second wind snouts；
The combustion air notch setting in the top of the first wind snouts of the top and/or the second wind snouts,
Or the combustion air notch setting is in the top of the gasification wind snout of the top；
The top wind snout is set to the top of the gasification wind snout of the top, or is set to the 1st of the top
The top of secondary wind snout and/or the second wind snouts；
The height of the top wind snout is not less than the combustion-supporting wind snout of the top.
The first wind snout groups may include one or more the first wind snouts, and the described 2nd 1
Secondary wind snout group may include one or more the second wind snouts, and the gasification wind snout group may include one
Or more than two gasification wind snouts.
As common sense, burner hearth angle wall and burner hearth side wall are referred to as burner hearth furnace wall.
Each column spout group corresponds to spout and imaginary circle is collectively formed in burner hearth respective heights, makes to enter furnace by spout
Spinning updraft is collectively formed in the air-flow of thorax.
As a kind of better choice of low nitrogen combustion apparatus of above-mentioned coal dust gasification burning, in the gasification spout group
The first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snouts are successively arranged in the same direction or reversely along flow level direction of rotation
Column；The first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snout quantity are identical, and horizontal correspond；Alternatively,
Described the first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snout quantity are different, interlock up and down.
As an improvement wind sprays between being provided with powder between the first wind snouts and the second wind snout levels
Mouthful；Or each spout of the first wind snouts and the second wind snouts is provided with wind snout between powder in-between.Institute
The quantity for stating wind snout between powder is different and different with coal, and the quantity of wind snout is more between the coal dust that volatile matter is high, calorific value is high, volatilizees
The quantity of wind snout is few between the coal dust point low, calorific value is low.
As an improvement the second wind snouts between wind snout, powder and the first wind snouts using identical or
Different air flow directions and imaginary circle diameter, to control the mixing of each air-flow.
As an improvement the top wind snout be it is multiple, each top wind snout is by horizontally arranged；Or each top wind
Spout is by being arranged above and below.The number of the top wind snout can choose 4-8, or voluntarily adjust as needed.
As an improvement under the powder wind snout be it is multiple, under each powder wind snout respectively with the first wind snouts or
The second wind snouts are corresponding by horizontally arranged；Or under each powder wind snout by being arranged above and below.
As an improvement wind snout is that the cooling wind of the first wind snouts and the second wind snouts goes out between coal dust
Mouthful.
As an improvement torch oil gun is provided under powder in wind snout.
As an improvement under the powder wind snout using can horizontal hunting spout, the imaginary circle diameter of formation can
It adjusts.
As an improvement be all made of can be horizontal and/or vertical for the gasification wind snout, combustion-supporting wind snout and top wind snout
The spout directly swung.
Imaginary circle diameter is adjusted in the gasification wind snout horizontal hunting, control the aerodynamic field of gasification zone, concentration field and
Gasification reaction process；Gasification zone range and the intensity of gasification is adjusted in the wind snout vertical oscillation that gasifies.
The imaginary circle diameter of different height is adjusted in the combustion-supporting wind snout horizontal hunting, controls the power in main burning area
The intensity and gasification, combustion reaction process of field and main burning area top swirling eddy；The adjustable master of combustion-supporting wind snout vertical oscillation
Combustion zone range and furnace outlet gas temperature.
Imaginary circle diameter is adjusted in the top wind snout horizontal hunting, the main aerodynamic field and burner hearth for controlling burning-out zone
Exit flow spin intensity and gas temperature windage；Burning-out zone range and furnace outlet gas temperature is adjusted in top wind snout vertical oscillation.
The swing adjustment of each spout can form a variety of aerodynamic fields and temperature field, wherein the air distribution scheme optimized includes:
The imaginary circle rotation direction that the imaginary circle rotation direction that wind snout is formed of gasifying and the second wind snouts, the first wind snouts are formed
It is identical or opposite；Gasification wind snout and the imaginary circle rotation direction that combustion-supporting wind snout is formed are identical or opposite；Combustion-supporting wind snout and top
The imaginary circle that portion's wind snout is formed is oppositely oriented；
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, more tangential circle combustion hearths are Boiler Furnace with Tangential Firing or eight
Angle tangential circle combustion hearth.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, each column gasification wind snout is set on the wall of burner hearth angle, corresponding
Ground, the second wind snouts of each column, the first wind snouts and its powder leeward notch setting are on burner hearth side wall；
Or each column gasification wind snout is set on burner hearth side wall, and accordingly, the second First air of each column spray
Mouthful, the first wind snouts and its powder leeward notch setting be on the wall of burner hearth angle；
Or wind snout and gasification wind snout are total under the second wind snouts of each column, the first wind snouts and its powder
It is same to be set to burner hearth side wall side or the side burner hearth Jiao Qiang.
The horizontal space of the second wind snouts of each column gasification wind snout and each column depending on coal, for
High-quality bituminous coal, the two can be adjacently positioned, and the coal of coal fire retardant for low volatilization or low, the easy coking of ash fusion point, the two spacing can increase
Greatly.
A kind of improvement of low nitrogen combustion apparatus as coal dust gasification burning, the low nitrogen burning dress of the coal dust gasification burning
Setting further includes wind snout or lack of gas spout three times, the wind snout three times or lack of gas spout be arranged in the second wind snouts and/
Or between the first wind snouts；Alternatively, wind snout or lack of gas spout are arranged in the second First air of topmost spray three times
Mouthful and/or the first wind snouts on.The design is conducive to tertiary air or the coal dust of lack of gas carrying gasifies in time, and makes tertiary air
Or the air in lack of gas is gasifying agent, vapor participation conversion reaction therein and gasification reaction, control gasification zone reaction temperature,
It reduces oxygen concentration, increase H free radical inhibition fuel bound nitrogen to NOxConversion.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the air distribution ratio of each spout are as follows:
The AIR Proportional of the gasification wind snout accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the combustion-supporting wind snout
AIR Proportional accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume；Flow through wind snout between powder AIR Proportional account for burner hearth total blast volume 0%~
30% AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the top wind snout 7
AIR Proportional account for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume.
Following air distribution mode has been used in the embodiment of the present invention:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume, if increasing lower part gasification
Intensity then increases the air quantity；If the Coking of boiler furnace is heavier, it is possible to increase the air quantity；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume, and usually gasify wind air quantity
Increase, then the air quantity can reduce；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 0%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, with unit load raising and
Coal-fired flammable enhancing, the air quantity can increase.
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume；With coal-fired inflammable
The enhancing of property, the air quantity can increase；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；If furnace outlet gas temperature
Deviation is larger, it is possible to increase the air quantity；To improve boiler master, reheat steam temperature, then it can increase the air quantity；If unburned carbon in flue dust compared with
Greatly, the air quantity can be reduced.
It is furthermore preferred that a kind of air distribution mode of optimization are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 30%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 25%~35% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 5%~10% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~15% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~20% of burner hearth total blast volume.
The present invention provides the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning to realize ultralow NOxThe combustion method of discharge, tool
Body process is as follows:
The air-flow that rotation rises, the second First air are formed in burner hearth under interaction by the air-flow that each spout enters burner hearth
Spout and the first wind snouts carry coal dust and enter burner hearth kindling, and wind snout is mended between wind snout and powder under gasification wind snout, powder
Air needed for inflationization, combustion-supporting wind snout supplement main combustion air, and top wind snout supplements part combustion air and after-flame is empty
Gas.
Preferred air distribution mode in combustion process are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume, if increasing lower part gasification
Intensity then increases the air quantity；If the Coking of boiler furnace is heavier, it is possible to increase the air quantity；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume, and usually gasify wind air quantity
Increase, then the air quantity can reduce；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 0%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, with unit load raising and
Coal-fired flammable enhancing, the air quantity can increase.
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume；With coal-fired inflammable
The enhancing of property, the air quantity can increase；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；If furnace outlet gas temperature
Deviation is larger, it is possible to increase the air quantity；To improve boiler master, reheat steam temperature, then it can increase the air quantity；If unburned carbon in flue dust compared with
Greatly, the air quantity can be reduced.
It is furthermore preferred that a kind of air distribution mode of optimization are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 30%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 25%~35% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 5%~10% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~15% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~20% of burner hearth total blast volume.
In the coal gasification area of lower furnace portion, the size of the specific stoichiometric ratio of air capacity and coal dust amount is according to coal gasification area
Fire box temperature is adjusted, that is, is conducive to gas quick, also avoids generating excessively high region calorific intensity, causes a large amount of slagging.
Main burning area in the middle part of burner hearth, combustion air progress into, the coal that middle and lower part combustion air generates gasification zone
Gas burning, the unvaporized complete residual coke in gasification zone is with CO2It is that gasifying agent continues to gasify with air, maintains fire box temperature and reduction
The stabilization of property atmosphere；Top combustion air mainly makes gas-fired.Simultaneously because part of fuel nitrogen restores ability after needing initial oxidation
Fuel bound nitrogen is completed to N2Conversion, the combustion-supporting air quantity of main burning area different height controls according to the oxygen that process needs, and adjusts
The power of the reducing atmosphere of different zones.
In the burning-out zone of upper furnace, after-flame air makes the combustibles after-flame such as unburned CO and coke powder (minute quantity).
Due to above-mentioned gasification and combustion process, all there is dense CO etc. in burner hearth major part gasification, and combustion region
Gas phase combustible, O2Coke, the oxygen of reaction zone are all much larger than with the speed for being mixed probability and homogeneous reaction occurring of CO
Concentration is extremely low, coke and CO2The probability that gasification reaction occurs is greater than O2(coal tar carbon dioxide gasification reaction mechanism 1200 DEG C i.e.
It is basically completed and diffusion control is transitioned by Control of chemical reaction), the NOx of generation is seldom, and NOxReduction rate it is very high.It is aoxidizing
The fuel bound nitrogen of the property stronger burning-out zone of atmosphere, uncombusted coke and carrying is considerably less, to NOxConversion ratio it is very low, most
NO is realized eventuallyxMinimum discharge.
The air quantity of wind snout between powder can be increased in right amount for inflammable briquette, formed " powder packet wind ", mix coal dust with gasifying agent
More uniformly and in time, gasification reaction is more quick.Due to there is the gasification wind of gasification wind snout control on the outside of swirling eddy to be formed
" bellows chamber powder " can reduce the coking and high temperature corrosion of water-cooling wall.O/C ratio by increasing gasification zone improves combustion share, gas
Gasification reaction speed can be improved using higher gasification temperature by changing area.Due to the very low oxygen concentration in high-temperature gasification area, generate
The probability of thermal NO x also very little.
It is sent into since coal dust concentrates on lower furnace portion, and gasification reaction heat is only 30% or so of combustion reaction heat, same
Under sample calorific intensity, lower furnace portion air output can be substantially larger than traditional coal-powder boiler, is conducive to the conversion for quickly carrying out coal in this way, avoids
The after-flame stage under oxidizing atmosphere, there are more residual fuel nitrogen.
In addition, coal fire retardant for the low high ash content of volatilization, high water content brown coal and other inferior fuels etc., gasification zone of the present invention
Oxygen-enriched air can be used in right amount, to increase the intensity of gasification and speed, improve gasification efficiency.
The present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, by the present invention in that coal dust first gasifies after-combustion process, so that coal dust conversion reaction zone in burner hearth is remained suitable
Suitable reducing atmosphere, oxygen concentration is extremely low, can sufficiently inhibit fuel type and thermal NOxGeneration.In oxidizing atmosphere
In the after-flame stage, it is substantially carried out the after-flame of coal gas, coke and coke nitrogen are considerably less, it can be ensured that realize NOxMinimum discharge.
2, the interlaced arrangement of gasification wind of the invention and combustion air be conducive to enhance gas-solid be sufficiently mixed and diffusion mass transfer.
It is more uniformly and timely that " the powder packet wind " that the present invention passes through a wind snout mixes coal dust with gasifying agent, and gasification reaction is more fast
Speed.By " the bellows chamber powder " that gasification wind is formed on the outside of swirling eddy, the oxygen concentration on the outside of gasification zone can be improved, avoid water-cooling wall
Coking and high temperature corrosion.
3, by controlling the O/C ratio and combustion share of gasification zone, higher gasification temperature is can be used to improve in the present invention
Gasification reaction speed.Since gasification reaction heat is small, under same calorific intensity, lower furnace portion air output of the present invention can be substantially larger than tradition
Coal-powder boiler is conducive to the conversion for quickly carrying out coal, and the after-flame stage for avoiding in an oxidizing atmosphere, there are more residual fuels
Nitrogen cannot achieve NOxMinimum discharge.
4, the present invention is first gasified the process of after-combustion using coal dust, operation lower to the required precision of staged air distribution control
Adaptability for working condition enhancing.Since the after-flame stage is mainly the gas-fired of gas phase, furnace outlet excess air coefficient can be lower,
The enhancing of Radiative heat transfer in furnace ability；Exhaust gas volumn, which reduces the flue gas loss for also making boiler and blower power consumption, to be reduced.
5, due to need to only keep the reducing atmosphere in carbon conversion stage, finally make gas-fired, the present invention is different from tradition
Coal gasification of the air as gasifying agent, air distribution control is more flexible, and coal-air ratio and the CO2 that can adjust gasifying stage as needed are dense
Degree is conducive to control coal gasification temperature and conversion reaction speed, improves the transformation efficiency (heating gas efficiency) of gasifying stage, and make
Combustion phases starts early.
6, due to reducing the number of plies up and down of a wind snout, and increase horizontally arranged arrangement, collect a wind snout extremely
It is arranged in lower furnace portion middlely, coal dust initial stage ignitable part is more concentrated, and the air distribution of gasification, and combustion is more in time and more flexible, the present invention
Coal dust firing stability and coal adaptability it is stronger, the requirement to pulverized coal preparation system is relatively low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the spout schematic diagram on the low nitrogen combustion apparatus part furnace wall that a kind of coal dust gasification of the invention burns；
Fig. 2 is the top view illustration for the low nitrogen combustion apparatus that a kind of coal dust gasification of the invention burns；
Attached drawing mark
1, wind snout under powder；2, gasify wind snout；3, the second wind snouts；4, wind snout between powder；5, the first First air
Spout；6, combustion-supporting wind snout；7, top wind snout.
Specific embodiment
It the following is the embodiment of the present invention, it illustrates a kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning and burning sides
Method is used only as explanation of the invention and not limits.
The low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning provided by the invention, which includes more tangential circle combustion hearths, described
More tangential circle combustion hearths include that the multiple row on burner hearth angle wall and burner hearth side wall, more tangential circle combustion hearth furnace walls is arranged along short transverse
Spout group, the spout group includes wind snout 1 under powder, by gasification wind snout 2, the second wind snouts 3 and first First airs
The gasification spout group that spout 5 is constituted, combustion-supporting wind snout 6 and top wind snout 7；
Wherein, the first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snouts are same according to the gas level hand of spiral
To or be reversely arranged successively, these spouts itself constitute a spout group again；The powder leeward notch setting is in lowest part
The first wind snouts and/or the second wind snouts lower section；
The first wind snouts 5 of each column, the second wind snouts 3 and gasification wind snout 2 are rotated along flow level
Direction is in the same direction or is reversely arranged successively；The first wind snouts 5, the second wind snouts 3 are identical with gasification 2 quantity of wind snout,
And horizontal one-to-one correspondence；Alternatively, described the first wind snouts 5, the second wind snouts 3 and gasification 2 quantity of wind snout are not
Together, interlock up and down；
Wind snout 1 under the lower section setting powder of the first wind snouts 5 of lowest part and/or the second wind snouts 3；
Combustion-supporting wind snout 6 is arranged in the top of the first wind snouts 5 of the top and/or the second wind snouts 3；Or
Combustion-supporting wind snout 6 is arranged in the top of person, the gasification wind snout 2 of the top；
The top setting top wind snout 7 of the gasification wind snout 2 of the top；Alternatively, the first wind snouts 5 of the top
And/or the top setting top wind snout 7 of the second wind snouts 3；
The height of the top wind snout 7 is not less than the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 of the top.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal may include wind snout of multiple row and a column in gas spout group with
On gasification wind snout, a wind snout gentleization wind snout according to the gas level hand of spiral in the same direction or reversely according to
Secondary arrangement；Remaining spout can take the set-up mode similar with wind snout of two column is only included.In the following example,
When the gas spout group of two column and two column or more is arranged, the arrangement of other assemblies is similar therefore no longer separately shown.
In the present invention, the first wind snouts and the second wind snouts can be different structure type, such as first
Wind snout uses former decoupling burning device spout to improve kindling and pyrolysis performance, and the second one times common spray can be used in wind snout
Mouthful；It can also use identical structure type.When using horizontal one-to-one correspondence arrangement, the structure type of device is simple,
When using upper and lower interlaced arrangement, air-flow mixing is more uniformly quick.
In the present invention, the gasification wind snout 2 is set between the first wind snouts and the second wind snouts, ability
Field technique personnel also can according to need the other arrangements of selection.
One kind of the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of above-mentioned coal dust gasification burning is improved to the first wind snouts 5 and the 2nd 1
Wind snout 4 between powder is provided between secondary 3 level of wind snout；Or the first wind snouts 5 and the second wind snouts 3
Each spout is provided with wind snout 4 between powder in-between；The quantity of wind snout 4 is different with coal between the powder and different, volatile matter
The quantity of wind snout 4 is more between coal dust high, calorific value is high, and the quantity of wind snout 4 is few between the coal dust that volatile matter is low, calorific value is low.
The another kind of the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of above-mentioned coal dust gasification burning is improved to, and described the second one times between wind snout 3, powder
Wind snout 4 and the first wind snouts 5 are using identical；Or the second wind snouts 4 and the 1st between wind snout 3, powder
Secondary wind snout 5 uses different air flow directions and imaginary circle diameter；
As an improvement the top wind snout 7 be it is multiple, each top wind snout 7 is by horizontally arranged；Or each top
Wind snout 7 is by being arranged above and below.
As an improvement under the powder wind snout 1 be it is multiple, under each powder wind snout 1 respectively with the first wind snouts 5
It is corresponding by horizontally arranged with the second wind snouts 3；Or under each powder wind snout 1 by being arranged above and below.
As an improvement wind snout 4 is the cooling wind of the first wind snouts 5 and the second wind snouts 3 between coal dust
Outlet.
As an improvement being provided with torch oil gun in wind snout 1 under powder.
Under the powder wind snout 1 using can horizontal hunting spout, the imaginary circle diameter of formation is adjustable.
The gasification wind snout 2, combustion-supporting wind snout 6 and top wind snout 7 are all made of can horizontal and/or vertical oscillation spray
Mouthful.
Imaginary circle diameter is adjusted in 2 horizontal hunting of wind snout that gasifies, and controls the aerodynamic field, concentration field and gasification of gasification zone
Reaction process；Gasification zone range and the intensity of gasification is adjusted in 2 vertical oscillation of wind snout that gasifies.
The imaginary circle diameter of different height is adjusted in combustion-supporting 6 horizontal hunting of wind snout, controls the aerodynamic field in main burning area
With the intensity of main burning area top swirling eddy and gasification, combustion reaction process；Main combustion is adjusted in combustion-supporting 6 vertical oscillation of wind snout
Burn area's range and furnace outlet gas temperature.
Imaginary circle diameter is adjusted in wind snout 7 horizontal hunting in top, mainly controls the aerodynamic field and burner hearth of burning-out zone
Exit flow spin intensity and gas temperature windage；Burning-out zone range and furnace outlet gas temperature is adjusted in wind snout 7 vertical oscillation in top.
The swing adjustment of each spout can form a variety of aerodynamic fields and temperature field, wherein the air distribution scheme optimized includes: gasification
The imaginary circle rotation direction that the imaginary circle rotation direction that wind snout 2 is formed and the second wind snouts 3, the first wind snouts 5 are formed
It is identical or opposite；Gasification wind snout 2 and the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 imaginary circle rotation direction formed are identical or opposite；Combustion-supporting wind snout 6 with
The imaginary circle that top wind snout 7 is formed is oppositely oriented.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, more tangential circle combustion hearths are Boiler Furnace with Tangential Firing or eight
Angle tangential circle combustion hearth.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, each column gasification wind snout 2 is set on the wall of burner hearth angle, corresponding
Ground, wind snout 1 is set on burner hearth side wall under the second wind snouts 3 of each column, the first wind snouts 5 and its powder；
Or, the described each column gasification wind snout 2 is set on burner hearth side wall, accordingly, the second wind snouts 3 of each column, the
Wind snout 1 is set on the wall of burner hearth angle under one wind snouts 5 and its powder；Or, each column the second wind snouts 3,
Wind snout 1 and gasification wind snout 2 are set to burner hearth side wall side or burner hearth angle wall one jointly under one wind snouts 5 and its powder
Side.The horizontal space of the second wind snouts 3 of each column gasification wind snout 2 and each column is depending on coal, for excellent
Matter bituminous coal, the two can be adjacently positioned, and the coal of coal fire retardant for low volatilization or low, the easy coking of ash fusion point, the two spacing can increase.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, wind snout or lack of gas spout are arranged in the second wind snouts 3 three times
And/or between the first wind snouts 5；Alternatively, wind snout or lack of gas spout are arranged in the topmost second once three times
On wind snout 3 and/or the first wind snouts 5.So that the coal dust that tertiary air or lack of gas carry gasifies in time, and make tertiary air
Or the air in lack of gas is gasifying agent, vapor participation conversion reaction therein and gasification reaction, control gasification zone reaction temperature,
It reduces oxygen concentration, increase inhibition conversion of the fuel bound nitrogen to NOx of H free radical.
A kind of improvement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the air distribution mode of each spout are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume；If increasing lower part gasification
Intensity then increases the air quantity；If the Coking of boiler furnace is heavier, it is possible to increase the air quantity；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume；Usually gasification wind air quantity
Increase, then the air quantity can reduce；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 0%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, with unit load raising and
Coal-fired flammable enhancing, the air quantity can increase.
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume；With coal-fired inflammable
The enhancing of property, the air quantity can increase；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；If furnace outlet gas temperature
Deviation is larger, it is possible to increase the air quantity；To improve boiler master, reheat steam temperature, then it can increase the air quantity；If unburned carbon in flue dust compared with
Greatly, the air quantity can be reduced.
Herein, a kind of air distribution mode of optimization are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 30%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 25%~35% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 5%~10% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~15% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~20% of burner hearth total blast volume.
The present invention realizes ultralow NOxThe combustion process of discharge is:
The air-flow that rotation rises, the second First air are formed in burner hearth under interaction by the air-flow that each spout enters burner hearth
Spout 3 and the first wind snouts 5 carry coal dust and enter burner hearth kindling, and wind sprays between wind snout 1 and powder under gasification wind snout 2, powder
Air needed for mouthfuls 4 supplements gasify, combustion-supporting wind snout 6 supplement main combustion air, top wind snout 7 supplement part combustion air and
After-flame air.
In combustion process, the air distribution mode of each spout are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume；If increasing lower part gasification
Intensity then increases the air quantity；If the Coking of boiler furnace is heavier, it is possible to increase the air quantity；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume；Usually gasification wind air quantity
Increase, then the air quantity can reduce；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 0%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, with unit load raising and
Coal-fired flammable enhancing, the air quantity can increase.
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume；With coal-fired inflammable
The enhancing of property, the air quantity can increase；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；If furnace outlet gas temperature
Deviation is larger, it is possible to increase the air quantity；To improve boiler master, reheat steam temperature, then it can increase the air quantity；If unburned carbon in flue dust compared with
Greatly, the air quantity can be reduced.
A kind of air distribution mode of optimization herein are as follows:
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the gasification wind snout 2 accounts for the 30%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the combustion-supporting wind snout 6 accounts for the 25%~35% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 4 between powder accounts for the 5%~10% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~15% of burner hearth total blast volume；
The AIR Proportional for flowing through the top wind snout 7 accounts for the 10%~20% of burner hearth total blast volume.
In the coal gasification area of lower furnace portion, the size of the specific stoichiometric ratio of air capacity and coal dust amount is according to coal gasification area
Fire box temperature is adjusted, that is, is conducive to gas quick, also avoids generating excessively high region calorific intensity, causes a large amount of slagging.
Main burning area in the middle part of burner hearth, combustion air progress into, the coal that middle and lower part combustion air generates gasification zone
Gas burning, the unvaporized complete residual coke in gasification zone is with CO2It is that gasifying agent continues to gasify with air, maintains fire box temperature and reduction
The stabilization of property atmosphere；Top combustion air mainly makes gas-fired.
In the burning-out zone of upper furnace, after-flame air makes the combustibles after-flame such as unburned CO and coke powder (minute quantity).
Due to above-mentioned gasification and combustion process, all there is dense CO etc. in burner hearth major part gasification, and combustion region
Gas phase combustible, O2Coke, the oxygen of reaction zone are all much larger than with the speed for being mixed probability and homogeneous reaction occurring of CO
Concentration is extremely low, coke and CO2The probability that gasification reaction occurs is greater than O2(coal tar carbon dioxide gasification reaction mechanism 1200 DEG C i.e.
It is basically completed and diffusion control is transitioned by Control of chemical reaction), the NOx of generation is seldom, and NOxReduction rate it is very high.It is aoxidizing
The fuel bound nitrogen of the property stronger burning-out zone of atmosphere, uncombusted coke and carrying is considerably less, to NOxConversion ratio it is very low, most
NO is realized eventuallyxMinimum discharge.
The air quantity of wind snout 4 between powder can be increased in right amount for inflammable briquette, formed " powder packet wind ", mix coal dust with gasifying agent
More uniformly and in time, gasification reaction is more quick.Due to there is the gasification wind that gasification wind snout 2 controls on the outside of swirling eddy to be formed
" bellows chamber powder " can reduce the coking and high temperature corrosion of water-cooling wall.O/C ratio by increasing gasification zone improves combustion share, gas
Gasification reaction speed can be improved using higher gasification temperature by changing area.Due to the very low oxygen concentration in high-temperature gasification area, generate
Thermal NOxProbability also very little.
It is sent into since coal dust concentrates on lower furnace portion, and gasification reaction heat is only 30% or so of combustion reaction heat, same
Under sample calorific intensity, lower furnace portion air output can be substantially larger than traditional coal-powder boiler, is conducive to the conversion for quickly carrying out coal in this way, avoids
The after-flame stage under oxidizing atmosphere, there are more residual fuel nitrogen.
Using the device of the invention, NOx≤50mg/m may be implemented3Target.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning, which includes more tangential circle combustion hearths, more tangential firings
Burner hearth includes burner hearth angle wall and burner hearth side wall, it is characterised in that: the burner hearth furnace wall be provided with a column or more along short transverse
The spout group of setting, the spout group include wind snout under powder, gasification spout group, combustion-supporting wind snout and top wind snout；
It include the first wind snout groups, the second wind snout groups and a gasification wind snout groups in the gasification spout group,
Its first wind snout group for including, the second wind snout groups and gasification wind snout group are same according to flow level direction of rotation
To or be reversely arranged successively；
The powder leeward notch setting is in the lower section of the first wind snouts of lowest part and/or the second wind snouts；
The combustion air notch setting in the top of the first wind snouts of the top and/or the second wind snouts, or
The combustion air notch setting is in the top of the gasification wind snout of the top；
The top wind snout is set to the top of the gasification wind snout of the top, or is set to the first First air of the top
The top of spout and/or the second wind snouts；
The height of the top wind snout is not less than the combustion-supporting wind snout of the top.
2. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in gasification spout group
The first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snout quantity it is identical, and horizontal correspond；Or it is described
The first wind snouts, the second wind snout gentleization wind snout quantity it is different, interlock up and down.
3. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first First air
Wind snout between powder is provided between spout and the second wind snout levels；Or the first wind snouts and second primary
Each spout of wind snout is provided with wind snout between powder in-between.
4. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The second wind snouts between wind snout, powder and the first wind snouts use identical or different air flow direction and vacation
Think tangential circle diameter.
5. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wind snout under the powder
To be multiple, wind snout is corresponding by horizontally arranged with the first wind snouts or the second wind snouts respectively under each powder；Or it is each
Wind snout is by being arranged above and below under powder.
6. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of coal dust gasification burning according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The AIR Proportional of the gasification wind snout accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the air of the combustion-supporting wind snout
Ratio accounts for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume, and the AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout between powder accounts for the 0%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume,
The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the air of the top wind snout
Ratio accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume.
7. the low nitrogen combustion apparatus based on any coal dust gasification burning of claim 1-6 realizes ultralow NOxThe combustion method of discharge,
Detailed process is as follows for it:
The air-flow of burner hearth is entered under interaction by each spout and forms the air-flow that rotation rises in burner hearth, the second wind snouts
Coal dust is carried with the first wind snouts and enters burner hearth kindling, and wind snout supplements gas between wind snout and powder under gasification wind snout, powder
Air needed for changing, combustion-supporting wind snout supplement main combustion air, and top wind snout supplements part combustion air and after-flame air.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by:
The AIR Proportional entered through the gasification wind snout accounts for the 20%~60% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the combustion-supporting wind snout
AIR Proportional account for the 20%~50% of burner hearth total blast volume；The AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout between powder accounts for the 0% of burner hearth total blast volume
~30%, the AIR Proportional for flowing through wind snout 1 under the powder accounts for the 10%~30% of burner hearth total blast volume, flows through the top wind spray
The AIR Proportional of mouth accounts for the 10%~40% of burner hearth total blast volume.
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