CN109456093A - Promote and accelerate the method for organic matter degradation in composting process using iron oxide nano material - Google Patents
Promote and accelerate the method for organic matter degradation in composting process using iron oxide nano material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109456093A CN109456093A CN201910031596.4A CN201910031596A CN109456093A CN 109456093 A CN109456093 A CN 109456093A CN 201910031596 A CN201910031596 A CN 201910031596A CN 109456093 A CN109456093 A CN 109456093A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods promoted using iron oxide nano material and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process, method includes the following steps: iron oxide nano material is mixed with composting material, carry out compost to gained mixture.The present invention promotes using iron oxide nano material and accelerates the method for organic matter degradation in composting process, by improving the activity of relevant enzyme in composting process using iron oxide nano material to promote and accelerate the degradation of total organic matter in composting process, total organic carbon and Water Soluble Organic Carbon, it thus can promote and accelerate the degradation of organic matter in composting process, have many advantages, such as that simple process, easy to operate, treatment effeciency is high, high treating effect, the application value and application range that improve composting production are had a very important significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composting process organic matter degradation control methods more particularly to a kind of utilization iron oxide nano material to promote
Into and accelerate the method for organic matter degradation in composting process.
Background technique
Currently, Composting technology has been recommended as a kind of agricultural wastes side of recycling that environmental protection and economy is practical extensively
Formula.In composting process, agricultural wastes are humus material by biological decomposition, while pathogenic microorganism is also eliminated, from
And it can be recycled as soil improvement agent fertilizer and renovation agent.The organic matter group utilized is easier in agricultural stalk
Dividing can be quickly by compost microbial degradation or utilization, and polymerized organics depend on enzymatic activity then to be degraded to directly may be used
Carbon source or nitrogen source.Researchers have had attempted to many methods to improve the degradation of organic matter, such as Vaccination Extraneous Source Microorganism
Deng, but these methods may also bring negative influence, and such as adding inoculating microbe may cause inoculating microbe and the micro- life of original inhabitants
Nutrient competition between object, to inhibit the activity of indigenous microorganism.
The unique physical electronic of nano material, optics and biological nature make its application increase sharply, including building, catalysis,
All various aspects such as environmental protection, still, few research concern nano material especially iron oxide nano materials are to compost at present
The influence of organic matter degradation in the process.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple process, it is easy to operate,
The side for the treatment of effeciency height, high treating effect promoted using iron oxide nano material and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process
Method.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A method of promoting and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process, including following step using iron oxide nano material
It is rapid: iron oxide nano material being mixed with composting material, compost is carried out to gained mixture.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the iron oxide nano material is α-Fe2O3Nano material.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the α-Fe2O3The preparation method of nano material will be the following steps are included: will
Fe3+Solution is added drop-wise in the ultrapure water of boiling, stirring, cooling after being added dropwise to complete, and purifying obtains α-Fe2O3Nano material.
4 above-mentioned methods, further improved, the α-Fe2O3In the preparation method of nano material, the Fe3+Solution
Volume ratio with ultrapure water is 2: 25~4: 25；The Fe3+Solution is Fe (NO3)3·9H2O solution；The Fe3+Solution it is dense
Degree is 1M~2M.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the α-Fe2O3In the preparation method of nano material, the stirring is in revolving speed
To be carried out under 1000r/min~2000r/min；The time of the cooling is 12h~for 24 hours；The purifying is using cellulose
Bag filter.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the ratio of the iron oxide nano material and composting material is 0.1mg: 1kg
~10mg: 1kg；The composting material includes rice straw, soil, vegetable leaf, wheat bran；The rice straw, soil, vegetables
Leaf, wheat bran mass ratio be 15: 12: 5: 12~30: 27: 8: 5.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the length of the rice straw is 10mm~20mm；The rice straw is
Air-dry rice straw；The soil was 60 mesh~100 meshes soil；The length of the vegetables is 10mm~20mm；It is described
Vegetables are to air-dry vegetables；The wheat bran is to air-dry wheat bran.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the initial aqueous rate of mixture is 55%~65% in the composting process,
Initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25: 1~30: 1.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, the compost carries out in the compost container that outer layer is enclosed with attemperator；
The lid of the compost container is equipped with 5 through-holes.
Above-mentioned method, further improved, in the composting process, daily turning is primary in the first two week, later
Each week turning is primary；The duration of the composting process is 2~3 months.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) promoted using iron oxide nano material the present invention provides a kind of and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process
Method carries out compost by mixing iron oxide nano material with composting material, that is, can promote and accelerate organic in composting process
The degradation of matter.In the present invention, since composting process actually a bioprocess, organic matter are dropped under the activity of microorganism
Solution, so the degradation of organic matter will receive the influence of microorganism correlation Enzyme activities, simultaneously because iron is most of microorganism
Required important nutrient plays the role of vital, is that a variety of enzymes and biochemical process are such as exhaled to cell growth
It inhales, the co-factor that N immobilization and DNA are synthesized, thus is received using importance and iron oxide of the ferro element to microbial activities
The rice characteristics such as material specific surface area is big, add iron oxide nano material in heap body, organic matter degradation correlation enzyme activity can be improved
Property (average dehydrogenase activity is respectively 4.74,5.52mg TPF (g in control group and iron oxide nano material group-1Dry sample 8h-1),
To promote and the degradation of organic matter in composting process is accelerated (at the end of compost, always to have in control group, iron oxide nano material group
Machine content is respectively 37.93%, 29.99%；Degradation rate is 66.19%, 75.53%；Total organic matter degradation rate is 0.0095
It-1, 0.0123 day-1).The present invention promotes and accelerates the method for organic matter degradation in composting process using iron oxide nano material,
By improving the activity of relevant enzyme in composting process using iron oxide nano material to promote and accelerate always to have in composting process
The degradation of machine matter, total organic carbon and Water Soluble Organic Carbon, it is thus possible to promote and accelerate the degradation of organic matter in composting process,
Have many advantages, such as that simple process, easy to operate, treatment effeciency is high, high treating effect, for improving the application value of composting production
It is had a very important significance with application range.
(2) in the method for the present invention, iron oxide nano material used is α-Fe2O3Nano material is aoxidized compared to other iron
Object nano material (such as Fe3O4Nano material) it is more stable, it will not be due to Fe2+Release generate active oxygen and to enzyme activity and micro-
Bioactivity generates toxic effect.
(3) in the method for the present invention, the preparation method of iron oxide nano material used has simple process, production rapidly etc. excellent
Point, is suitable for large scale preparation, is convenient for industrialized utilization.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
Fig. 1 is α-Fe obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 12O3The transmission electron microscope picture of nano material.
Fig. 2 is the trend chart of total organic matter degradation in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the trend chart of total organic matter in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the trend chart of total organic carbon in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the trend chart of Water Soluble Organic Carbon in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is the trend chart of Dehydrogenase activity in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but does not therefore limit this
The protection scope of invention.
Material employed in following embodiment and instrument be it is commercially available, raw material be analyze it is pure.In following embodiment, if nothing
It illustrates, the data obtained is the average value for repeating test more than three times.
Embodiment 1
A method of promoting and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process, including following step using iron oxide nano material
It is rapid:
(1) preparation of composting material:
(1.1) composting material is pre-processed:
Rice straw: being purchased from one, Henan Province farm, and after air-drying, being cut into length is 10mm~20mm.
Soil: being taken from the Changsha, Hunan mountain Yue Lu, air-dries, grinds, and crosses 60 meshes.
Vegetable leaf: it is purchased from Changsha, Hunan Hunan University food market nearby, is air-dried, being cut into length is 10mm~20mm.
Wheat bran: it air-dries.
The physical and chemical parameter of aforementioned composting material is measured, as a result referring to table 1.
Table 1: composting material physical and chemical parameter
| Raw material | Moisture content (%) | Total organic carbon (%) | Total nitrogen (g/kg) | Carbon-nitrogen ratio |
| Rice straw | 7.27 | 46.96 | 10.01 | 46.9 |
| Soil | 2.80 | 5.47 | 3.70 | 14.8 |
| Vegetable leaf | 81.66 | 49.42 | 21.80 | 22.7 |
| Wheat bran | 9.73 | 52.88 | 29.22 | 18.1 |
It (1.2) is in mass ratio 30: 27: 8: 5, rice straw, the soil, vegetable that will be obtained after pretreatment in step (1.2)
Dish leaf and wheat bran are uniformly mixed, and are obtained composting material, are placed in two compost containers.
(2) it is 10mg: 1kg according to the ratio of iron oxide nano material and composting material, takes α-Fe2O3Nano material (oxidation
Ferrum nano material), it is added in one of compost container (compost container outer layer covers have attemperator), makes α-Fe2O3Nanometer
Material is uniformly mixed with composting material, obtains mixture.Another compost container is blank control simultaneously.
(3) the initial aqueous rate of mixture obtained in rate-determining steps (2) is 55%, and initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30: 1, to mixed
It closes object and carries out compost, 5 through-holes are wherein set on the lid of compost container used in compost, so that outside air can enter, together
When compost container in generate gas can also exclude.In composting process, to guarantee enough oxygen-supplying amounts, compost the first two week is every
Its turning is primary, and the turning of each week is primary later.The duration of composting process is 2 months.
In the present embodiment, α-Fe used2O3The preparation method of nano material, comprising the following steps:
(a1) 60mL is prepared, the Fe (NO that concentration is 1M3)3·9H2O solution.
(a2) 750mL ultrapure water is heated to boiling.
(a3) Fe (NO that will be prepared in step (a1)3)3·9H2O solution is added dropwise to the ultrapure of the middle boiling of step (a2)
In water, whole process is all along with being vigorously stirred (revolving speed 1500r/min).
(a4) to Fe (NO3)3·9H2After O solution is added dropwise to complete, gained mixed solution is cooled down at room temperature
24h。
(a5) mixed solution after cooling in step (a4) is purified with cellulose dialysis bag, obtains α-Fe2O3Nanometer
Material, number are α-Fe2O3NPs。
Fig. 1 is α-Fe obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 12O3The transmission electron microscope picture of nano material.As can be seen from Figure 1:
α-Fe2O3Nano material is nano particle, and nano particle is uniformly distributed, average grain diameter 8.7nm.
Blank control group is investigated respectively and α-Fe is added2O3The heap body of nano material in composting process organic matter degradation, have
The loss of machine matter, total organic carbon, Water Soluble Organic Carbon and dehydrogenase activity situation of change.
Fig. 2 is the trend chart of total organic matter degradation in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 2, it compares
Blank control group, the present invention pass through addition α-Fe2O3Nano material always has so that more total organic matters are degraded in heap body
Machine matter is degraded more.
Fig. 3 is the trend chart of total organic matter in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 3, blank is compared
Control group, at the end of compost, the present invention passes through addition α-Fe2O3Nano material, so that total organic matter loss is more in heap body, into
One step illustrates the more of organic matter degradation.
First order kinetics simulation is carried out to the variation of the degradation of aforementioned total organic matter and total organic matter loss, as a result referring to table 2.
Table 2: the first order kinetics simulation of total organic matter degradation and total organic matter loss
A: initial total organic matter content (%) or maximum total organic matter loss late (%)；K: rate (day-1)；RMS: remaining equal
Variance；F: the factor with statistical significance (P < 0.05).
As can be known from Table 2, the present invention passes through addition α-Fe2O3Nano material make in heap body total organic matter degradation rate and
Total organic matter loss rate shows faster.
Fig. 4 is the trend chart of total organic carbon in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 4, blank is compared
Control group, at the end of compost, the present invention passes through addition α-Fe2O3Nano material makes total content of organic carbon in heap body lower, explanation
α-Fe2O3The degradation of nano material being added with conducive to total organic carbon.
Fig. 5 is the trend chart of Water Soluble Organic Carbon in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 5, it compares
Blank control group at the end of compost, adds α-Fe2O3Water Soluble Organic Carbon content is lower in the heap body of nano material, illustrates α-
Fe2O3Nano material added with conducive to Water Soluble Organic Carbon degradation or be conducive to be utilized by microorganism.
Fig. 6 is the trend chart of Dehydrogenase activity in the composting process of the embodiment of the present invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 6, it compares
Blank control group, the present invention pass through addition α-Fe2O3Nano material is conducive to the activity for improving dehydrogenase in composting process.
From the above results, in the present invention, by α-Fe2O3Nano material is mixed with composting material carries out compost, passes through benefit
The activity of relevant enzyme in composting process is improved with iron oxide nano material to promote and accelerate total organic matter in composting process, total
The degradation of organic carbon and Water Soluble Organic Carbon, it is thus possible to promote and accelerate the degradation of organic matter in composting process, there is work
The advantages that skill is simple and convenient to operate, treatment effeciency is high, high treating effect, for improving the application value and application of composting production
Range has a very important significance.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, in the case where not departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and technical solution, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above
Appearance makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change to technical solution of the present invention.Therefore,
Anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention are made to the above embodiment any simple according to the technical essence of the invention
Modification, equivalent replacement, equivalence changes and modification, all of which are still within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method promoted using iron oxide nano material and accelerate organic matter degradation in composting process, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included: iron oxide nano material is mixed with composting material, compost is carried out to gained mixture.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the iron oxide nano material is α-Fe2O3Nano material.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the α-Fe2O3The preparation method of nano material includes following
Step: by Fe3+Solution is added drop-wise in the ultrapure water of boiling, stirring, cooling after being added dropwise to complete, and purifying obtains α-Fe2O3Nanometer
Material.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the α-Fe2O3It is described in the preparation method of nano material
Fe3+The volume ratio of solution and ultrapure water is 2: 25~4: 25；The Fe3+Solution is Fe (NO3)3·9H2O solution；The Fe3+It is molten
The concentration of liquid is 1M~2M.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the α-Fe2O3It is described in the preparation method of nano material
Stirring is carried out in the case where revolving speed is 1000r/min~2000r/min；The time of the cooling is 12h~for 24 hours；The purifying uses
Be cellulose dialysis bag.
6. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the iron oxide nano material and compost
The ratio of raw material is 0.1mg: 1kg~10mg: 1kg；The composting material includes rice straw, soil, vegetable leaf, wheat bran；Institute
State rice straw, soil, vegetable leaf, wheat bran mass ratio be 15: 12: 5: 12~30: 27: 8: 5.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the length of the rice straw is 10mm~20mm；It is described
Rice straw is to air-dry rice straw；The soil was 60 mesh~100 meshes soil；The length of the vegetables be 10mm~
20mm；The vegetables are to air-dry vegetables；The wheat bran is to air-dry wheat bran.
8. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that mixture is first in the composting process
Beginning moisture content is 55%~65%, and initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25: 1~30: 1.
9. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the compost is enclosed with heat preservation in outer layer
It is carried out in the compost container of device；The lid of the compost container is equipped with 5 through-holes.
10. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that in the composting process, the first two star
Daily turning is primary in phase, and the turning of each week is primary later；The duration of the composting process is 2~3 months.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109650974A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 湖南大学 | Nitrogen loss and the method for improving composting production fertilizer efficiency in composting process are reduced using ferriferous oxide nano material |
| CN110563519A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-12-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing composite inoculant through electromagnetic enhancement and application |
| CN110759755A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-07 | 天津大学 | Quick composting method of biogas residues and application |
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| CN106187460A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 清华大学 | A kind of mud organic matter is catalyzed humified method |
| CN106747734A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南大学 | The method that nitrogen loss in composting process is reduced using Nano Silver |
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| CN109650974A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 湖南大学 | Nitrogen loss and the method for improving composting production fertilizer efficiency in composting process are reduced using ferriferous oxide nano material |
| CN109650974B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南大学 | Method for reducing nitrogen loss in composting process and improving fertilizer efficiency of compost product by using iron oxide nano material |
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