CN109455058B - Economical air conditioning system of electric automobile and control method - Google Patents
Economical air conditioning system of electric automobile and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109455058B CN109455058B CN201811332448.8A CN201811332448A CN109455058B CN 109455058 B CN109455058 B CN 109455058B CN 201811332448 A CN201811332448 A CN 201811332448A CN 109455058 B CN109455058 B CN 109455058B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/0075—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being solar radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
- B60H1/00828—Ventilators, e.g. speed control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
- B60S1/026—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means using electrical means
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- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile and a control method thereof. The technical scheme realizes that the refrigerant reversing structure is simple, the reliability is high by using the switch stop valve, and the four-way reversing and electric heating glass and the comprehensive air-conditioning system solution reduce the energy consumption of system heating and defrosting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioning systems of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to an economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile and a control method.
Background
The electric vehicle has less waste heat of an engine, and the electric heater is generally adopted to assist in heating in winter, but the heating efficiency of the electric heater is low, so that the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle is seriously influenced. The heat pump air conditioner has good refrigerating and heating performances and is the best alternative scheme of the electric heating auxiliary air conditioning system. However, the application of the heat pump air conditioning system to the electric vehicle has many difficulties to be solved. Firstly, the operation efficiency of the heat pump air-conditioning system under the low-temperature working condition is lower, and the heating performance needs to be improved; secondly, the tube-fin heat exchanger commonly used by the household heat pump air conditioner does not meet the requirements of vibration resistance and light weight of the automobile.
An electric vehicle generally adopts an electric heating auxiliary air conditioning system, namely a single-cooling Air Conditioner (AC), and a thermistor (PTC for short) heater is additionally arranged for auxiliary heating. The PTC heater has the defects that the theoretical upper limit of the efficiency of converting electricity into heat of the PTC heater is 1.0, the actual conversion rate COP is less than 0.9, the heating efficiency is low, and the influence on the endurance mileage of an automobile is large.
By utilizing a three-heat-exchanger heat pump, as shown in fig. 1, the system is provided with an external heat exchanger 03, two heat exchangers inside an H VA C, two thermal expansion valves (01, 02) and two bypass valves, and the system realizes throttling in different directions by switching the bypass valves, so that the purpose of cold and hot switching is achieved.
By using the heat pump for bidirectional cooling and heating, as shown in fig. 2, the heating process and the cooling process can be switched by a four-way reversing valve 04. The method does not need any additional equipment, and only needs to make the four-way reversing valve act when defrosting is needed. The structure is simple, the cost is relatively low, but the following problems mainly exist at the present stage: a. at present, a four-way reversing valve for a vehicle is developed on the basis of a domestic four-way valve, and cannot meet the requirement on reliability of the vehicle; b. the expansion valve is based on a household development electronic expansion valve, the cost is high, the electronic expansion valve generally calculates the degree of superheat based on temperature and pressure signals, the degree of opening of the expansion valve is controlled through the degree of superheat, the integrated temperature at the current stage is higher than that of a common pressure sensor in cost, and the application cost and pressure of an economical vehicle are high; c. the system has the functions of refrigeration and heating, but has no dehumidification function. Namely, in the weather of low temperature and high humidity, the front windshield is easily fogged, and the driving safety is affected. The limitation of the above factors restricts the application of the heat pump with the structure form in temporary zero production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile and a control method, and aims to solve the problems that heating efficiency is low, the endurance mileage of the automobile is influenced, and the control method is complex.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile comprises an air conditioning controller, a compressor, a first switch stop valve, a second switch stop valve, a third switch stop valve, a fourth switch stop valve, a fifth switch stop valve, a sixth switch stop valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first cut-off type thermal expansion valve, a second cut-off type thermal expansion valve, an indoor heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator;
the outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with the second switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines;
one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the third switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with a fifth switch stop valve and the first stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the fifth switch stop valve and the other end of the first stop thermal expansion valve are respectively connected with the sixth switch stop valve and the second stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the sixth switch stop valve and the other end of the second stop thermal expansion valve are both connected with the indoor heat exchanger through pipelines;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with one end of the first switch stop valve and one end of the second switch stop valve through pipelines;
the other end of the first switch stop valve and the other end of the third switch stop valve are connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator through pipelines;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first switch stop valve, the second switch stop valve, the third switch stop valve, the fourth switch stop valve, the fifth switch stop valve, the sixth switch stop valve, the first cut-off thermal expansion valve and the second cut-off thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
An air conditioner refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop are sequentially formed by the compressor, the fourth switch stop valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the fifth switch stop valve, the second stop thermal expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the first switch stop valve and the gas-liquid separator;
and an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the second switch stop valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the sixth switch stop valve, the first stop thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the third switch stop valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence.
An economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile comprises an air conditioning controller, a compressor, a first two-position three-way valve, a second two-position three-way valve, a two-way thermal expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator;
an outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with a second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and a third interface of the second two-position three-way valve through pipelines;
a first port of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with a first port of the second two-position three-way valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the bidirectional thermostatic expansion valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the bidirectional thermal expansion valve is connected with the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the second interface of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the first two-position three-way valve through a pipeline number;
the third interface of the first double-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second double-position three-way valve are connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the second two-position three-way valve and the two-way thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
An air conditioner refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop are sequentially formed by the compressor, the second two-position three-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermal expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the first two-position three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator;
and an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the second two-position three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence.
The air conditioner comprises an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor which are all in electric signal connection with an air conditioner controller.
The air conditioner comprises an air blower and a fan, wherein the air blower and the fan are in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
Comprises an electric heating glass controller and electric heating glass; the electric heating glass controller is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller and the electric heating glass through electric signals.
An economical air conditioner control method for an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller comprehensively calculates the acquired temperature signal outside the vehicle, the acquired sunshine load signal, the acquired set temperature and the acquired temperature inside the vehicle, and determines that the air conditioner state is selected to enter an air conditioner refrigeration mode or an air conditioner heating mode;
in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode or the defrosting mode state of the outdoor heat exchanger,
the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to open, the second switch stop valve to close, the third switch stop valve to close, the fourth switch stop valve to open, the fifth switch stop valve to open, the sixth switch stop valve to close, the first stop thermal expansion valve to close, the second stop thermal expansion valve to open, and controls the compressor to open at the same time;
or the air conditioner controller controls the second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be closed and controls the compressor to be started at the same time;
in the air-conditioning heating mode state: the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to be closed, the second switch stop valve to be opened, the third switch stop valve to be opened, the fourth switch stop valve to be closed, the fifth switch stop valve to be closed, the sixth switch stop valve to be opened, the first cut-off thermal expansion valve to be opened, the second cut-off thermal expansion valve to be closed and the compressor to be opened at the same time;
or the air conditioner controller controls the second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be opened, and controls the compressor to be opened at the same time.
And in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode and the heating mode, the controller regulates the displacement of the compressor by collecting the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger.
The control method of the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature T0 is less than or equal to minus 10 ℃ or T0 is more than 8 ℃, the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger is not started;
the temperature T0 is more than-10 and less than or equal to-3 ℃, after the system runs for T1 which is the first set time, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode, and after the system runs for the second set time, the heating mode is switched back;
t0 is more than 3 and less than or equal to 8 ℃, the operation time T1 of the system is the second set time, the heating mode is switched to the defrosting mode, and after the operation time is 3min, the heating mode is switched.
The control method of the front windshield defogging/frosting mode comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller detects the defrosting button opening signal, combines outdoor ambient temperature T0, sends control signal for electric heating glass controller, confirms front-guard glass defogging/frost power:
if T0 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 200W;
if the temperature is higher than-10 ℃ and lower than T0 and lower than 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 400W;
if T0 is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 600W.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the technical scheme realizes that the refrigerant reversing structure is simple, the reliability is high by using the switch stop valve, and the four-way reversing and electric heating glass and the comprehensive air-conditioning system solution reduce the energy consumption of system heating and defrosting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art air conditioning system for an electric vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an automotive air conditioning system through a four-way reversing valve;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an air conditioning system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of front defogging/frosting;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the air conditioner controller;
FIG. 6 is a schematic of compressor displacement control;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the air conditioning system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cooling mode of the air conditioner of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an air-conditioning heating mode of fig. 7.
01, 02 thermal expansion valve, 03 external heat exchanger, 04 four-way reversing valve, 1 compressor, 21 first on-off cut-off valve, 22 second on-off cut-off valve, 23 third on-off cut-off valve, 24 fourth on-off cut-off valve, 25 fifth on-off cut-off valve, 26 sixth on-off cut-off valve, 5 outdoor heat exchanger, 6 fan, 7 first on-off thermal expansion valve, 8 indoor heat exchanger, 9 blower, 10 second on-off thermal expansion valve, 11 indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor, 12 pressure sensor, 13 air conditioner controller, 14 outdoor temperature sensor, 15 gas-liquid separator, 16 electrically heated glass controller, 17 electrically heated glass, 101 compressor, 102 second two-position three-way valve, 103 outdoor heat exchanger, 104 outdoor temperature sensor, 105 fan, 106 two-way thermal expansion valve, 107 air conditioner controller, 108 indoor heat exchanger, 109 blower, 110 indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor, 111 a first two-way three-way valve, 112 a gas-liquid separator and 113 a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
Example 1
The application provides an economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile, which comprises an air conditioning controller 13, a compressor 1, a first switch stop valve 21, a second switch stop valve 22, a third switch stop valve 23, a fourth switch stop valve 24, a fifth switch stop valve 25, a sixth switch stop valve 26, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, a first cut-off thermostatic expansion valve 7, a second cut-off thermostatic expansion valve 10, an indoor heat exchanger 8 and a gas-liquid separator 15, wherein the compressor 1 is connected with the first switch stop valve 21; the air conditioner also comprises a fan 6, a blower 9, an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 11, a pressure sensor 12 and an outdoor temperature sensor 14 which are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
The air blower and the fan are in electrical signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
The indoor heat exchange temperature sensor is arranged at the indoor heat exchanger and used for detecting a temperature signal of the indoor heat exchanger; the pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the compressor and used for detecting the outlet pressure of the compressor; the outdoor temperature sensor is arranged at the outdoor heat exchanger and used for detecting the ambient temperature.
As shown in fig. 4, comprises an electric heating glass controller 16 and an electric heating glass 17; the electric heating glass controller is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller and the electric heating glass through electric signals. In this application, each component needs to be connected with a power supply to provide power for the control part of each component, and the description is omitted here.
The outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with the second switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines;
one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the third switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with a fifth switch stop valve and the first stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the fifth switch stop valve and the other end of the first stop thermal expansion valve are respectively connected with the sixth switch stop valve and the second stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the sixth switch stop valve and the other end of the second stop thermal expansion valve are both connected with the indoor heat exchanger through pipelines;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with one end of the first switch stop valve and one end of the second switch stop valve through pipelines;
the other end of the first switch stop valve and the other end of the third switch stop valve are connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator through pipelines;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first switch stop valve, the second switch stop valve, the third switch stop valve, the fourth switch stop valve, the fifth switch stop valve, the sixth switch stop valve, the first cut-off thermal expansion valve and the second cut-off thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
An air conditioner refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop are sequentially formed by the compressor, the fourth switch stop valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the fifth switch stop valve, the second stop thermal expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the first switch stop valve and the gas-liquid separator;
and an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the second switch stop valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the sixth switch stop valve, the first stop thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the third switch stop valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence.
The system mainly comprises a refrigeration mode, a heating mode and an electric loop, wherein the electric loop takes an air conditioner controller as a dotted arrow part of a core in fig. 3.
An economical air conditioner control method for an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 5, the air conditioner controller comprehensively calculates the acquired outside temperature signal, the acquired sunshine load signal, the acquired set temperature and the inside temperature, and determines that the air conditioner state is selected to enter an air conditioner refrigeration mode or an air conditioner heating mode;
in the cooling mode state of the air conditioner,
the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to open, the second switch stop valve to close, the third switch stop valve to close, the fourth switch stop valve to open, the fifth switch stop valve to open, the sixth switch stop valve to close, the first stop thermal expansion valve to close, the second stop thermal expansion valve to open, and controls the compressor to open at the same time; after the second stop thermal expansion valve is opened, the opening degree is controlled and adjusted through the air conditioner controller, the compressor works, the compressor compresses the refrigerant, the refrigerant is evaporated into gaseous refrigerant through the indoor heat exchanger, and after the refrigerant is throttled and expanded through the second stop thermal expansion valve, the temperature of the evaporator is reduced, and the heat in the cab is absorbed.
In the application, the first and second cutoff thermal expansion valves are both provided with switches on the basis of the original thermal valve, and after the switches are opened, the thermal valve adjusts the opening degree according to self structural parameters, so that the control is simple to realize and the cost is low.
In the air-conditioning heating mode state: the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to be closed, the second switch stop valve to be opened, the third switch stop valve to be opened, the fourth switch stop valve to be closed, the fifth switch stop valve to be closed, the sixth switch stop valve to be opened, the first cut-off type thermal expansion valve to be opened, the second cut-off type thermal expansion valve to be closed and the compressor to be opened at the same time.
The compressor works, the compressor compresses the refrigerant, the refrigerant is heated into a gaseous state through the outdoor heat exchanger, and the gaseous state is throttled and expanded through the first stopping thermal expansion valve. Condensing in the indoor heat exchanger, releasing high temperature and releasing heat to the cab.
And in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode and the heating mode, the controller regulates the displacement of the compressor by collecting the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger.
When the heating mode is used at a low temperature and a high humidity, the outdoor heat exchanger is low in temperature and easy to frost, and the outdoor heat exchanger needs to be defrosted periodically to avoid faults of the system.
In a defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger, the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to open, the second switch stop valve to close, the third switch stop valve to close, the fourth switch stop valve to open, the fifth switch stop valve to open, the sixth switch stop valve to close, the first stop thermal expansion valve to close, the second stop thermal expansion valve to open, and the compressor to open; after the second stopping thermal expansion valve is opened, the opening degree is controlled and adjusted through the air conditioner controller, and at the moment, the temperature of the evaporator is reduced, and the heat in the cab is absorbed. In the process, the outdoor heat exchanger is a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted by the high-temperature refrigerant.
The control method of the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature T0 is less than or equal to minus 10 ℃ or T0 is more than 8 ℃, the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger is not started;
the temperature T0 is more than-10 and less than or equal to-3 ℃, after the system runs for T1 which is the first set time, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode, and after the system runs for the second set time, the heating mode is switched back;
t0 is more than 3 and less than or equal to 8 ℃, the operation time T1 of the system is the second set time, the heating mode is switched to the defrosting mode, and after the operation time is 3min, the heating mode is switched.
In order to avoid the impact on system components caused by high-low pressure alternation in the switching process of the compressor, the compressor is restarted after the compressor is closed → valve switching → 3 seconds in the heating → defrosting switching process, and the switching is finished.
In order to avoid complaints of customers caused by the reduction of indoor temperature in the defrosting process, the blower 9 is automatically adjusted to the minimum gear during defrosting, the air conditioning mode is automatically adjusted to the defrosting air port, and people are prevented from blowing. And after the defrosting process is finished, the state is automatically adjusted to be restored.
The electric heating glass is high in efficiency, the maximum power is 600W, the defrosting requirement at the temperature of 18 ℃ below zero can be basically met, and compared with an electric heating PTC (generally more than 3500W), the electric heating glass is realized.
The control method of the front windshield defogging/frosting mode comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller detects the defrosting button opening signal, combines outdoor ambient temperature T0, sends control signal for electric heating glass controller, confirms front-guard glass defogging/frost power:
if T0 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 200W;
if the temperature is higher than-10 ℃ and lower than T0 and lower than 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 400W;
if T0 is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 600W.
Example 2
An economical air conditioning system for an electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 7, comprises an air conditioner controller 107, a compressor 101, a first two-way three-way valve 111, a second two-way three-way valve 102, a two-way thermostatic expansion valve 106, an outdoor heat exchanger 103, an indoor heat exchanger 108 and a gas-liquid separator 112; the air conditioner comprises an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 110, a pressure sensor 113 and the outdoor temperature sensor 104 which are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
In the embodiment, the two-way thermostatic expansion valve is used for replacing two stop thermostatic expansion valves and two switch stop valves, and the two-position three-way valves are used for replacing four switch stop valves, so that the system is simpler and has lower cost.
Comprises a blower 109 and a fan 105, wherein the blower and the fan are both in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
Comprises an electric heating glass controller and electric heating glass; the electric heating glass controller is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller and the electric heating glass through electric signals.
An outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with a second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and a third interface of the second two-position three-way valve through pipelines;
a first port of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with a first port of the second two-position three-way valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the bidirectional thermostatic expansion valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the bidirectional thermal expansion valve is connected with the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the second interface of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the first two-position three-way valve through a pipeline number;
the third interface of the first double-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second double-position three-way valve are connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the second two-position three-way valve and the two-way thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
An air conditioner refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop are sequentially formed by the compressor, the second two-position three-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermal expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the first two-position three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator; the compressor works, the compressor compresses the refrigerant, the refrigerant is cooled into liquid refrigerant through the indoor heat exchanger, the liquid refrigerant is throttled and expanded through the bidirectional thermal expansion valve, the temperature of the evaporator is reduced, the heat in the cab is absorbed, the refrigeration is realized, and the schematic cycle diagram is shown in fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 9, an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the second two-position three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence. The compressor works, the compressor compresses the refrigerant, the refrigerant is cooled into liquid refrigerant through the outdoor heat exchanger, and the liquid refrigerant is throttled and expanded through the bidirectional thermal expansion valve 4. The high temperature of the indoor heat exchanger releases heat to the cab.
An economical air conditioner control method for an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller comprehensively calculates the acquired temperature signal outside the vehicle, the acquired sunshine load signal, the acquired set temperature and the acquired temperature inside the vehicle, and determines that the air conditioner state is selected to enter an air conditioner refrigeration mode or an air conditioner heating mode;
in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode or the defrosting mode state of the outdoor heat exchanger,
the air conditioner controller controls a second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and a second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be closed and controls the compressor to be started at the same time;
in the air-conditioning heating mode state:
and the air conditioner controller controls the second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be opened and controls the compressor to be opened simultaneously.
And in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode and the heating mode, the controller regulates the displacement of the compressor by collecting the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger.
The control method of the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
when the ambient temperature T0 is less than or equal to minus 10 ℃ or T0 is more than 8 ℃, the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger is not started;
the temperature T0 is more than-10 and less than or equal to-3 ℃, after the system runs for T1 which is the first set time, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode, and after the system runs for the second set time, the heating mode is switched back;
t0 is more than 3 and less than or equal to 8 ℃, the operation time T1 of the system is the second set time, the heating mode is switched to the defrosting mode, and after the operation time is 3min, the heating mode is switched.
The control method of the front windshield defogging/frosting mode comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller detects the defrosting button opening signal, combines outdoor ambient temperature T0, sends control signal for electric heating glass controller, confirms front-guard glass defogging/frost power:
if T0 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 200W;
if the temperature is higher than-10 ℃ and lower than T0 and lower than 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 400W;
if T0 is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 600W.
While the present invention has been described in conjunction with the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments but is limited only by the appended claims, and those skilled in the art can easily make modifications and variations thereto without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising an air conditioning controller, a compressor, a first switch stop valve, a second switch stop valve, a third switch stop valve, a fourth switch stop valve, a fifth switch stop valve, a sixth switch stop valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first cut-off thermal expansion valve, a second cut-off thermal expansion valve, an indoor heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator;
the outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with the second switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines;
one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the third switch stop valve and the fourth switch stop valve through pipelines respectively;
the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with a fifth switch stop valve and the first stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the fifth switch stop valve and the other end of the first stop thermal expansion valve are respectively connected with the sixth switch stop valve and the second stop thermal expansion valve through pipelines;
the other end of the sixth switch stop valve and the other end of the second stop thermal expansion valve are both connected with the indoor heat exchanger through pipelines;
the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is respectively connected with one end of the first switch stop valve and one end of the second switch stop valve through pipelines;
the other end of the first switch stop valve and the other end of the third switch stop valve are connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator through pipelines;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first switch stop valve, the second switch stop valve, the third switch stop valve, the fourth switch stop valve, the fifth switch stop valve, the sixth switch stop valve, the first cut-off thermal expansion valve and the second cut-off thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
2. The economical air-conditioning system for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air-conditioning refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop are sequentially formed by a compressor, a fourth switch stop valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a fifth switch stop valve, a second stop thermal expansion valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a first switch stop valve and a gas-liquid separator;
and an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the second switch stop valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the sixth switch stop valve, the first stop thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the third switch stop valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence.
3. The economical air conditioning system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the system comprises an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor, all of which are electrically connected with the air conditioner controller.
4. The air conditioning system of claim 1 or 2, comprising a blower and a fan, wherein the blower and the fan are electrically connected to the air conditioner controller.
5. The air conditioning system of the economical electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising an electric heating glass controller and an electric heating glass; the electric heating glass controller is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller and the electric heating glass through electric signals.
6. An economical air conditioning system of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising an air conditioning controller, a compressor, a first two-position three-way valve, a second two-position three-way valve, a two-way thermal expansion valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator;
an outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with a second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and a third interface of the second two-position three-way valve through pipelines;
a first port of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with a first port of the second two-position three-way valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the bidirectional thermostatic expansion valve through a pipeline;
the second interface of the bidirectional thermal expansion valve is connected with the first interface of the indoor heat exchanger through a pipeline;
the second interface of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the first interface of the first two-position three-way valve through a pipeline number;
the third interface of the first double-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second double-position three-way valve are connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline;
the outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline;
the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the second two-position three-way valve and the two-way thermal expansion valve are all in electric signal connection with the air conditioner controller.
7. The economical air-conditioning system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 6, wherein the compressor, the second two-way three-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermostatic expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the first two-way three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator constitute an air-conditioning refrigeration mode loop and an outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode loop in turn;
and an air-conditioning heating mode loop is formed by the compressor, the first two-position three-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the two-way thermal expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the second two-position three-way valve and the gas-liquid separator in sequence.
8. The economical air conditioning system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the system comprises an indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor, all electrically connected with the air conditioner controller.
9. The air conditioning system of claim 6 or 7, comprising a blower and a fan, wherein the blower and the fan are electrically connected to the air conditioner controller.
10. The air conditioning system of the economical electric vehicle as claimed in claim 6 or 7, comprising an electric heating glass controller and an electric heating glass; the electric heating glass controller is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller and the electric heating glass through electric signals.
11. The air conditioner control method of the economical electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the air conditioner controller comprehensively calculates the acquired temperature signal outside the vehicle, the acquired sunshine load signal, the acquired set temperature and the acquired temperature inside the vehicle, and determines that the air conditioner state is selected to enter an air conditioner refrigeration mode or an air conditioner heating mode;
in the air-conditioning refrigeration mode or the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode state:
the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to open, the second switch stop valve to close, the third switch stop valve to close, the fourth switch stop valve to open, the fifth switch stop valve to open, the sixth switch stop valve to close, the first stop thermal expansion valve to close, the second stop thermal expansion valve to open, and controls the compressor to open at the same time;
or the air conditioner controller controls the second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be closed and controls the compressor to be started at the same time;
in the air-conditioning heating mode state: the air conditioner controller controls the first switch stop valve to be closed, the second switch stop valve to be opened, the third switch stop valve to be opened, the fourth switch stop valve to be closed, the fifth switch stop valve to be closed, the sixth switch stop valve to be opened, the first cut-off thermal expansion valve to be opened, the second cut-off thermal expansion valve to be closed and the compressor to be opened at the same time;
or the air conditioner controller controls the second interface of the first two-position three-way valve and the second interface of the second two-position three-way valve to be opened, and controls the compressor to be opened at the same time.
12. The air conditioner controlling method of an economical electric vehicle according to claim 11,
the control method of the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger comprises the following steps:
when the outdoor environment temperature T0 is less than or equal to minus 10 ℃ or T0 is more than 8 ℃, the defrosting mode of the outdoor heat exchanger is not started;
t0 is more than-10 and less than or equal to-3 ℃, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode after the system runs for T1 as the first set time, and the air-conditioning heating mode is switched back after the system runs for the second set time;
t0 is more than 3 and less than or equal to 8 ℃, the operation time T1 of the system is the second set time, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting mode, and after the operation time is 3min, the air-conditioning heating mode is switched back.
13. The air conditioner control method of an economical electric vehicle as claimed in claim 11, wherein the control method of the front windshield defogging/frosting mode comprises the following steps:
the air conditioner controller detects the defrosting button opening signal, combines outdoor ambient temperature T0, sends control signal for electric heating glass controller, confirms front-guard glass defogging/frost power:
if T0 is more than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 200W;
if the temperature is higher than-10 ℃ and lower than T0 and lower than 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 400W;
if T0 is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the electric heating glass controller controls the power supplied to the electric heating glass to be 600W.
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| CN201811332448.8A CN109455058B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Economical air conditioning system of electric automobile and control method |
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| CN201811332448.8A CN109455058B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Economical air conditioning system of electric automobile and control method |
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| CN104315742B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-06-29 | 合肥工业大学 | Electric automobile air conditioner heat pump with economizer and control method thereof |
| DE102015002165B4 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2023-09-28 | Audi Ag | Vehicle air conditioning with reheat operation and vehicle with it |
| CN107356021B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-11-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Heat pump air conditioning system and electric car |
| KR101787075B1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-11-15 | 이래오토모티브시스템 주식회사 | Heat Pump For a Vehicle |
| CN107444065B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-06-04 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioner control system and method |
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