CN109454370A - A kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet - Google Patents
A kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN109454370A CN109454370A CN201811509327.6A CN201811509327A CN109454370A CN 109454370 A CN109454370 A CN 109454370A CN 201811509327 A CN201811509327 A CN 201811509327A CN 109454370 A CN109454370 A CN 109454370A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/003—Cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-precision assembly welding methods of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet, the following steps are included: 1. organizing the early-stage preparations of weldering;2. the assembly of tube sheet;Using scientific and reasonable group weldering sequence and method, Anti-deformation support, recirculated cooling water and anti-deformation measure that is symmetrical while organizing weldering are combined during entire group weldering.Large-diameter hollow compound tube board group soldering method of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, not only it can guarantee welding quality, but also reduce the deflection of sub-assembly as far as possible, so that welding deformation is reduced to bottom line, it ensure that a group precision for weldering, have biggish economy for manufacture large-scale combined weldment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-precision group weldering of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet
Method.
Background technique
Chemical industry equipment is the general name of petroleum, machinery and chemical process equipment used in petrochemical industry and Chemical Manufacture, and chemical industry is set
Standby industry belongs to equipment manufacture, chemical industry equipment, the development of pressure vessel and machinery, metallurgy, petrochemical industry, computerized information, warp
Many engineering technology such as Ji management and security protection are closely bound up.China's economy is undergoing velocity variations, structure optimization, moves
The new normality of development of power conversion, the crucial historic turning point in transition and upgrade, traditional pattern is being broken, to adapt to me
The economic development of state, it is desirable that chemical industry equipment gradually develops to enlargement and the direction complicated, while having compared with high technology content
Chemical industry equipment with environmentally protective production theory is also the trend of future development.
Tube sheet is one of common components in chemical industry equipment, for separating the medium on tube sheet both sides, prevents tube sheet both sides
Media contact, the both sides of tube sheet are two different media environments in most cases, have different pressure and temperatures, lead
Causing major diameter tube sheet, usually there are also thicker plate thickness, and with chemical industry equipment, the enlargement in power station, tube sheet diameter also becomes more next
Bigger, the prior art needs first to carry out blanking in the manufacturing process of major diameter tube sheet, that is, cuts the raw material of tube sheet, this
Raw material can be forging or plate, but usually, the forging or plate plate width mistake needed due to major diameter tube sheet Whole blanking
Greatly, it is cost consideration, the mode of welding is mostly used to make greatly, drilling and other manufacturing procedures then is carried out to tube sheet again, in order to
It avoids the plate thickness of tube sheet blocked up, saves manufacturing cost, in equipment component by the way of hollow combination tube sheet, Fig. 1 is shown
The structural schematic diagram of existing hollow combination tube sheet, structure mainly include lower plate, vertical plate, upper plate, short cylinder and flange, lower plate it is straight
Diameter reaches 6485mm, and in its manufacturing process, the difficulty of manufacture is larger, often there is that machining accuracy is inadequate, and deformation of assembly welding is excessive,
Production process is unreasonable and the not high problem of product quality.Therefore, develop that a kind of machining accuracy is high, deformation of assembly welding is small, system
The high-precision assembly welding method for making the large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet that process is scientific and reasonable, product quality is high is desirability.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, high, group weldering that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of machining accuracies
Deform the high-precision assembly welding method for the large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet that small, production process is scientific and reasonable, product quality is high.
A kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet of the present invention, the following steps are included:
1. organizing the early-stage preparations of weldering: tube sheet includes lower plate, upper plate, vertical plate, short cylinder, locating rod and flange, is made by drawing
Lower plate, upper plate, vertical plate, short cylinder, locating rod and flange, after completing, it is desirable that flatness≤3mm of lower plate and upper plate, short cylinder
Circularity≤2mm, and cross hairs is marked in lower plate and upper plate, then rivet welding is anti-in lower plate and a plane of upper plate respectively
The shape of deformable supports, Anti-deformation support is cross or M shape, and lower plate and upper plate stay 20 in blanking process, in its outer circle
~30mm machining allowance, lower plate and upper plate use the structure of muti-piece veneer splicing, during welding, one piece of veneer of every welding
Afterwards, the welding of next piece of veneer can be carried out after which being polished and smoothed, flatness≤3mm is qualification when smoothing,
After whole veneers organize weldering, whole plate is smoothed, flatness≤3mm is qualification when smoothing;
2. the assembly of tube sheet:
The preparation of a mounting plate: group weldering mounting plate, so that the group welding position of tube sheet is respectively positioned on mounting plate, it is desirable that assembly
Flatness≤3mm of platform, and 8~12 brackets are made on mounting plate, the height of bracket are 1.4~1.6m, on bracket
Flatness≤3mm of bearing surface, bracket include bottom plate, support tube and top plate, and support tube is vertically arranged, and bottom plate and top plate level are set
It sets, the lower end connection of bottom plate and support tube, the upper end of top plate and support tube connects;
B matches boring: lower plate being hoisted on mounting plate, then upper plate is hoisted in lower plate, by cross hairs to just afterwards by 2 plate points
It welds admittedly, removes the Anti-deformation support of upper plate, then upper plate and lower plate are hoisted on boring machine, matched after clamping is fixed using boring machine
The group welding hole of the short cylinder of boring, meanwhile, it is processed on upper plate and lower plate recycle water hole accordingly by drawing, after completion of processing,
By the Anti-deformation support of dismounting, group is soldered on upper plate again, dismantles upper plate and lower plate;
C group pair: in lower plate handling to bracket and levelling, then vertical plate, locating rod and lower plate being grouped by design requirement,
By upper plate and vertical plate group pair after spot welding positioning, then the Anti-deformation support on upper plate and lower plate is removed, by short cylinder and upper plate and lower plate
On group welding hole be grouped spot welding, when group weldering vertical plate, in 12~16 locating pieces of the equidistant spot welding in the lower part of vertical plate outer wall,
Position vertical plate by locating piece and lower board group pair again;
D sealing welding: the welding point between short cylinder and upper plate, upper plate and vertical plate, vertical plate and lower plate and lower plate and short cylinder is carried out
Sealing welding;
E water-filling: the group weldering Anti-deformation support again on upper plate and lower plate, and the fabrication cycles inlet opening on vertical plate, at the same will under
The water hole that recycles on plate blocks, and then fills cooling water from circulation inlet opening is with pressure, and recycling rivet welding on inlet opening has water inlet pipe, follows
Screwing pipe is bolted on ring apopore, the water inlet end of water inlet pipe and the water outlet of screwing pipe are connect with sink;
F welding: the inner cavity of tube sheet, which is in, to be full of in the state of cooling water, to short cylinder and upper plate, upper plate and vertical plate, vertical plate and lower plate
And the welding point between lower plate and short cylinder is welded, in the welding process, 4~8 people are symmetrical, welding simultaneously, speed of welding
Control is in 1.5~2m/min, and according to the difference of material thickness situation at each welding point, the welding of Welded Joints shunting, often
After a position welding together, by tube sheet entirety turn-over welding, welding point is ensured using the method Jing Guo multiple turn-over welding
Quality reaches requirement, while reducing welding deformation, puts it clean cooling water drainage after the completion of welding, and by following on upper plate and lower plate
Ring apopore carries out welding closure, when needing to carry out turn-over to tube sheet, first by the cooling water discharge 2/3 in its inner cavity, then
The water hole that recycles of upper plate is blocked using silk plug, after turn-over, lower plate is located above, by the silk plug of lower plate recycled on water hole
It unscrews, convenient for draining;
G machining: flange and short cylinder are subjected to a group weldering, tube sheet is hung to boring machine after group weldering, successively processes flange and lower plate
On sealing surface.
The beneficial effect comprise that: first is that during the weldering of the entire group of tube sheet, the riveting on upper plate and lower plate
Anti-deformation support has been connect, can effectively prevent being deformed, welding or when turn-over in group, guarantee the group weldering precision of each part as far as possible;
Second is that being all made of during the entire welding of tube sheet, low current, small welding rod, low velocity, more people be symmetrical and the method for welding simultaneously,
The aggregation of sweating heat is effectively avoided, welding deformation is reduced in the temperature field on uniform tube sheet while ensuring quality of weld joint;
Third is that being filled with flowing cooling water in the internal cavities of tube sheet in tube sheet welding, cooling water can be continuous during flowing
The heat that welding generates is absorbed and taken away, prevents heat from concentrating and being deformed, large-diameter hollow combination of the present invention
Tube sheet assembly welding method is scientific and reasonable, not only can guarantee welding quality, but also reduce the deflection of sub-assembly as far as possible, so that welding
Deformation is reduced to bottom line, ensure that a group precision for weldering, has biggish economy for manufacture large-scale combined weldment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that large-diameter hollow combines tube sheet;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Anti-deformation support 7;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of bracket.
In figure: 1- lower plate, 2- upper plate, 3- vertical plate, the short cylinder of 4-, 5- locating rod, 6- flange, 7- Anti-deformation support, 8- screw thread
Pipe, 9- locating piece, 10- recycle inlet opening, and 11- recycles water hole, 12- bottom plate, 13- support tube, 14- top plate, 15- water inlet pipe.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing explanation, the present invention is further illustrated, but not in any way to the present invention
Limit, based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, equal embodiment belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Large-diameter hollow described in the present embodiment combines the high-precision assembly welding method of tube sheet, the following steps are included:
1. organizing the early-stage preparations of weldering: the tube sheet includes lower plate 1, upper plate 2, vertical plate 3, short cylinder 4, locating rod 5 and flange 6, by figure
Paper requires production lower plate 1, upper plate 2, vertical plate 3, short cylinder 4, locating rod 5 and flange 6, after completing, it is desirable that lower plate 1 and upper plate 2
Flatness≤3mm, circularity≤2mm of short cylinder 4, and cross hairs is marked in lower plate 1 and upper plate 2, then respectively in 1 He of lower plate
Rivet welding Anti-deformation support 7 in one plane of upper plate 2, the shape of Anti-deformation support 7 are cross or M shape, lower plate 1 and upper
Plate 2 radially stays 20~30mm machining allowance, lower plate 1 and upper plate 2 using muti-piece veneer splicing in blanking process, in its outer circle
Structure after one piece of veneer of every welding, can carry out next piece of veneer during welding after which is polished and smoothed
Welding, flatness≤3mm is qualification when smoothing, after whole veneers organize weldering, is smoothed to whole plate, plane after smoothing
Degree≤3mm is qualification;
2. the assembly of tube sheet:
The preparation of a mounting plate: group weldering mounting plate, so that the group welding position of tube sheet is respectively positioned on mounting plate, it is desirable that assembly
Flatness≤3mm of platform, and 8~12 brackets are made on mounting plate, the height of bracket are 1.4~1.6m, on bracket
Flatness≤3mm of bearing surface, bracket include bottom plate 12, support tube 13 and top plate 14, and support tube 13 is vertically arranged, 12 He of bottom plate
Top plate 14 is horizontally disposed, and bottom plate 12 is connect with the lower end of support tube 13, and top plate 14 is connect with the upper end of support tube 13;
B matches boring: lower plate 1 being hoisted on mounting plate, then upper plate 2 is hoisted in lower plate 1, by cross hairs to just afterwards by two plates
Spot welding is secured, removes the Anti-deformation support 7 of upper plate 2, then upper plate 2 and lower plate 1 are hoisted on boring machine, uses after clamping is fixed
Boring machine matches the group welding hole of the short cylinder 4 of boring, meanwhile, processing recycles water hole 11 accordingly on upper plate 2 and lower plate 1 by drawing,
After completion of processing, by the Anti-deformation support 7 of dismounting, group is soldered on upper plate 2 again, dismantles upper plate 2 and lower plate 1;
C group pair: in 1 handling to bracket of lower plate and levelling, then vertical plate 3, locating rod 5 and lower plate 1 are carried out by design requirement
Group pair then removes the Anti-deformation support 7 on upper plate 2 and lower plate 1 by upper plate 2 and 3 groups pairs of vertical plate after spot welding positioning, by short cylinder 4 and
Spot welding, 3 groups of clock synchronizations of vertical plate, in the equidistant spot welding in lower part of 3 outer wall of vertical plate are grouped in group welding hole on upper plate 2 and lower plate 1
12~16 locating pieces 9, then vertical plate 3 by the position of locating piece 9 and 1 group pair of lower plate;
D sealing welding: to the welding between short cylinder 4 and upper plate 2, upper plate 2 and vertical plate 3, vertical plate 3 and lower plate 1 and lower plate 1 and short cylinder 4
Connector is sealed weldering, guarantees that the inner cavity dress water of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet does not leak;
E water-filling: the group weldering Anti-deformation support 7, and the fabrication cycles inlet opening 10 on vertical plate 3 again on upper plate 2 and lower plate 1, together
When the water hole that recycles in lower plate 1 is blocked, then fill cooling water from circulation inlet opening 10 is with pressure, tube sheet inner cavity is full of cooling water
Afterwards, cooling water is discharged from water hole 11 is recycled, and guarantees that cooling water is in and circulates state, recycle rivet welding on inlet opening 10 have into
Water pipe 15 recycles and is bolted with screwing pipe 8 on water hole 11, and the water outlet of the water inlet end of water inlet pipe 15 and screwing pipe 8 is and sink
Connection;
F welding: the inner cavity of tube sheet, which is in, to be full of in the state of cooling water, to short cylinder 4 and upper plate 2, upper plate 2 and vertical plate 3, vertical plate 3
Welding point between lower plate 1 and lower plate 1 and short cylinder 4 is welded, and in the welding process, 4~8 people are symmetrical, welding simultaneously,
Speed of welding is controlled in 1.5~2m/min, and according to the difference of material thickness situation at each welding point, Welded Joints shunting
Welding, by tube sheet entirety turn-over welding, ensures to weld after each position welding together using the method Jing Guo multiple turn-over welding
The quality of connector reaches requirement, while reducing welding deformation, puts it clean cooling water drainage after the completion of welding, and by upper plate 2 under
The water hole 11 that recycles on plate 1 carries out welding closure, when needing to carry out turn-over to tube sheet, first by the cooling water drainage in its inner cavity
Out 2/3, then the water hole 11 that recycles of upper plate 2 is blocked using silk plug, after turn-over, lower plate 1 is located above, by following for lower plate 1
Silk plug on ring apopore 11 is unscrewed, convenient for draining;
G machining: flange 6 and short cylinder 4 are subjected to a group weldering, tube sheet is hung to boring machine after group weldering, successively processes flange 6 under
Sealing surface on plate 1.
Tube sheet is combined using the large-diameter hollow that the present embodiment manufactures, using scientific and reasonable group weldering sequence and side
Method combines Anti-deformation support, recirculated cooling water and anti-deformation measure that is symmetrical while organizing weldering during entire group weldering, prevents
Deformable supports can effectively inhibit the deformation of sub-assembly, and the setting of recirculated cooling water quickly can timely absorb and exclude to weld again
The heat generated in termination process, it is symmetrical, organize the mode of weldering then simultaneously it is possible to prevente effectively from the aggregation of sweating heat, on uniform tube sheet
Temperature field not only can guarantee welding quality, but also reduce the deflection of sub-assembly as far as possible so that welding deformation be reduced to it is minimum
Limit ensure that a group precision for weldering, have biggish economy for manufacture large-scale combined weldment.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet, it is characterised in that, the following steps are included:
1. organizing the early-stage preparations of weldering: the tube sheet include lower plate (1), upper plate (2), vertical plate (3), short cylinder (4), locating rod (5) and
Flange (6) makes lower plate (1), upper plate (2), vertical plate (3), short cylinder (4), locating rod (5) and flange (6), production by drawing
After the completion, it is desirable that flatness≤3mm of lower plate (1) and upper plate (2), circularity≤2mm of short cylinder (4), and in lower plate (1) and upper plate
(2) cross hairs is marked on, then the rivet welding Anti-deformation support (7) in lower plate (1) and a plane of upper plate (2) respectively;
2. the assembly of tube sheet:
The preparation of a mounting plate: group weldering mounting plate, so that the group welding position of tube sheet is respectively positioned on mounting plate, it is desirable that assembly
Flatness≤3mm of platform, and 8~12 brackets are made on mounting plate, the height of bracket are 1.4~1.6m, on bracket
Flatness≤3mm of bearing surface;
B matches boring: lower plate (1) being hoisted on mounting plate, then upper plate (2) is hoisted on lower plate (1), by cross hairs to after just
Two plate spot welding are secured, the Anti-deformation support (7) of upper plate (2) is removed, then upper plate (2) and lower plate (1) are hoisted on boring machine,
Match the group welding hole of the short cylinder of boring (4) after clamping is fixed using boring machine, meanwhile, it is processed on upper plate (2) and lower plate (1) by drawing
It recycles water hole (11) accordingly, after completion of processing, by the Anti-deformation support (7) of dismounting, group is soldered on upper plate (2) again, and will
Upper plate (2) and lower plate (1) are dismantled;
C group pair: in lower plate (1) handling to bracket and levelling, then by design requirement by vertical plate (3), locating rod (5) and lower plate
(1) it is grouped, by upper plate (2) and vertical plate (3) group pair after spot welding positioning, then removes the anti-deformation on upper plate (2) and lower plate (1)
It supports (7), spot welding is grouped in the group welding hole on short cylinder (4) and upper plate (2) and lower plate (1);
D sealing welding: to short cylinder (4) and upper plate (2), upper plate (2) and vertical plate (3), vertical plate (3) and lower plate (1) and lower plate (1) with it is short
Welding point between cylinder (4) is sealed weldering;
E water-filling: group weldering Anti-deformation support (7) again on upper plate (2) and lower plate (1), and fabrication cycles are intake on vertical plate (3)
Hole (10), while the water hole (11) that recycles on lower plate (1) being blocked, then from recycling, inlet opening (10) are with pressure to fill cooling water;
F welding: the inner cavity of tube sheet, which is in, to be full of in the state of cooling water, to short cylinder (4) and upper plate (2), upper plate (2) and vertical plate
(3), the welding point between vertical plate (3) and lower plate (1) and lower plate (1) and short cylinder (4) is welded, in the welding process, 4~
8 people are symmetrical while welding, speed of welding control put it clean cooling water drainage after the completion of 1.5~2m/min, welding, and will be upper
The water hole (11) that recycles on plate (2) and lower plate (1) is blocked;
G machining: flange (6) and short cylinder (4) are subjected to a group weldering, tube sheet is hung to boring machine after group weldering, successively processes flange
(6) and the sealing surface in lower plate (1).
2. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Process 1. in, the shape of the Anti-deformation support (7) is cross or M shape.
3. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Process 1. in, the lower plate (1) and upper plate (2) radially stay 20~30mm machining allowance in blanking process, in its outer circle, described
Lower plate (1) and upper plate (2) use the structure of muti-piece veneer splicing, during welding, after one piece of veneer of every welding, by the welding
Connector can carry out the welding of next piece of veneer after polishing and smoothing, flatness≤3mm is qualification, whole veneers group when smoothing
After weldering, whole plate is smoothed, flatness≤3mm is qualification when smoothing.
4. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step a of process 2., the bracket includes bottom plate (12), support tube (13) and top plate (14), and support tube (13) is vertically arranged,
Bottom plate (12) and top plate (14) are horizontally disposed, and bottom plate (12) is connect with the lower end of support tube (13), top plate (14) and support tube
(13) upper end connection.
5. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step c of process 2., when vertical plate (3) and lower plate (1) are grouped, in the equidistant spot welding in lower part of vertical plate (3) outer wall
12~16 locating pieces (9), then vertical plate (3) by the position of locating piece (9) and lower plate (1) group pair.
6. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step e of process 2., rivet welding has water inlet pipe (15) on the circulation inlet opening (10), recycles and is bolted with silk on water hole (11)
Button pipe (8), the water inlet end of water inlet pipe (15) and the water outlet of screwing pipe (8) are connect with sink.
7. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step f of process 2., when needing to carry out turn-over to tube sheet, first by the cooling water discharge 2/3 in its inner cavity, then by upper plate
(2) the water hole (11) that recycles is blocked using silk plug, and after turn-over, lower plate (1) is located above, and lower plate (1) is recycled water hole
(11) silk plug on is unscrewed, convenient for draining.
8. a kind of high-precision assembly welding method of large-diameter hollow combination tube sheet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the step f of process 2., to short cylinder (4) and upper plate (2), upper plate (2) and vertical plate (3), vertical plate (3) and lower plate (1) and lower plate (1)
The method that welding between short cylinder (4) uses shunting welding, after each position welding together, by tube sheet entirety turn-over welding,
Welding deformation is reduced using the method Jing Guo multiple turn-over welding.
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CN113319461A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-31 | 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 | Method for welding oil supply unit shell of large marine dual-fuel diesel engine |
CN113996964A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-01 | 常州新海飞金属制品有限公司 | Tube plate welding method, tube body and tube plate connecting method and heat exchanger |
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