CN109444513A - A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor - Google Patents

A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109444513A
CN109444513A CN201811481718.1A CN201811481718A CN109444513A CN 109444513 A CN109444513 A CN 109444513A CN 201811481718 A CN201811481718 A CN 201811481718A CN 109444513 A CN109444513 A CN 109444513A
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China
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resistance
bimag
hall
current sensor
low drift
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CN201811481718.1A
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Inventor
谭超
龚晓辉
杨哲
乐周美
宋轩宇
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0092Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
  • Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor, the magnetic core that two geometric dimensions are the same, the opening different magnet ring of air gap thickness is as sensor, two completely the same Hall chips of characteristic are respectively put at two magnet ring opening air gaps, two Hall chip outputs are respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminal of Low Drift Temperature difference amplifier, constitute bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor.Two Hall chip output voltages are subtracted each other using subtracter, the two difference in voltage is obtained, and amplified to this voltage difference with amplifier, obtains the voltage output proportional with electric current to be measured.A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor of the present invention can be obviously improved open loop Hall current sensor temperature drift in the case where not needing temperature-compensation circuit, improve sensitivity and precision.

Description

A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Hall current sensor, specifically a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor.
Background technique
Open loop Hall current sensor is because its structure is simple, low cost, low-power consumption, good accuracy, test cross direct current, does not need The features such as being in contact with primary circuit, being able to achieve the on-line monitoring of mA~kA range is widely used in technical grade Super-Current Measurement (200A or more).
The performance of open loop Hall current sensor depends on hall device and provides the magnet ring of poly- magnetic effect, and hall device is made For a kind of semiconductor devices, zero point and sensitivity can generate drift with the variation of temperature, in addition to this, since magnet ring is Soft magnetic materials, magnetic magnetic conductivity can also be greatly lowered with the rising of temperature, above-mentioned so as to cause the reduction of poly- magnetic effect Two reasons affect the temperature stability and current measurement precision of open loop Hall current sensor.Existing part high-precision hall Device inside has been integrated with temperature-compensation circuit, can satisfy technical grade temperature requirement, such as DS-CC6501, works normally Temperature is -40 DEG C~120 DEG C, will not be had an impact to current measurement after being used for Hall current sensor design, therefore, The temperature drift of open loop Hall current sensor is mainly generated by magnet ring.Existing solution mainly has two major classes: one kind is logical Excess temperature compensates to eliminate temperature drift problem;Another kind of is to constitute closed-loop Hall current sensor by increasing a feedback coil. Compensation schemes are broadly divided into two kinds, one is hardware compensating method, need to be known in advance core material, hall device and temperature The relationship of three, but the relationship between three is complicated, simply linearly or nonlinearly circuit is difficult to realize in gamut scope Temperature compensation needs, furthermore compensation circuit hardware configuration is complicated, increases sensor cost.Another kind is software compensation, still It needs to complete by processor, additional increases system complexity.Closed-loop Hall current sensor is because of its closed loop configuration For open loop Hall current sensor, there is some superiority in precision, temperature drift, but when measuring 200A or more high current It waits, closed-loop Hall current sensor is limited by volume, process complexity, cost, power consumption of current sensor etc., is unfavorable for industry The on-line monitoring of grade high current.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce the temperature drift of open loop Hall current sensor, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of double Magnetic core Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor can be obviously improved open loop Hall electricity in the case where not needing temperature-compensation circuit Flow sensor temperature drift improves sensitivity and precision.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor, two geometric dimensions are the same, opening air gap thickness is different Magnetic core of the magnet ring as sensor, two completely the same Hall chips of characteristic are respectively put at two magnet ring opening air gaps, and two A Hall chip output is respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminal of Low Drift Temperature difference amplifier, constitutes bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current Sensor.
Two Hall chip output voltages are subtracted each other using subtracter, obtain the two difference in voltage, and with amplifier to this Voltage difference amplifies, and obtains the voltage output proportional with electric current to be measured.
Hall current sensor principle of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, as tested electric current IPWhen by sensor magnetic core, conducting wire week The magnetic field of generation is enclosed by magnetic core C1With the magnet accumulating cap of C2, make respectively to generate a magnetic field H above Hall chip DS-CC6501, this In because magnetic core width of air gap it is different, the corresponding magnetic induction density B of two Hall chips is different, thus two suddenly Your chip output voltage is different, after a subtracter, output voltage UoThe voltage difference generated for two Hall chips exists By the voltage after in-phase proportion amplifier.
The bimag Hall current sensor is realized especially by three parts, is respectively to be used to provide two Halls The bimag magnetic circuit of difference magnetic induction intensity needed for device, the subtracter electricity for subtracting each other two hall devices generation voltages Road, the in-phase proportion amplifying circuit for reaching told sensor target gain.
The bimag magnetic circuit for difference magnetic induction intensity needed for providing two hall devices is specifically identical by two Magnet ring opens the bimag that different air gap is constituted.
For an electrified wire, length long enough is I by electric currentP, the magnetic strength of generation at distance center r Answer intensity B that can be indicated with following formula:
Magnetic induction density B when electrified wire passes through annulus, in magnet ringcoreIt can be indicated with following formula:
μ in formula0For vacuum relative permeability, value 1;μrFor magnet ring relative permeability;D is annulus outer diameter;D is circle Ring internal diameter.
After magnetic core opening, due to air gap lairMuch smaller than magnet ring size, it is believed that the magnetic field of opening is continuous and uniform , according to Ampere ring road rule, can obtain:
When temperature is raised, soft magnetic materials μrDecline, so as to cause BairDecline, this is Hall current sensor magnetic circuit part The main reason for generation temperature drift divided.
Because selected magnetic core is soft magnetic materials, magnetic conductivity is high,So gas Magnetic induction density B at gapairSimplify are as follows:
Magnetic induction intensity is size linear change with air gap at magnetic core air gap as can be seen from the above equation, further, Due to C1And C2Opening size is different, causes the magnetic induction intensity at air gap different, if magnetic core C1Magnetic induction intensity at air gap For Bair1, C2Magnetic induction intensity at air gap is Bair2, so:
Two identical hall devices are respectively as follows: in the voltage for appealing the generation of two air gaps
Wherein U1 is hall device in magnetic core C1The voltage generated at air gap, U2 are hall device in magnetic core C2It is produced at air gap Raw voltage.
Further, the subtraction circuit for subtracting each other two hall devices generation voltages is by operational amplifier OP07, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 and resistance R4 are constituted.The one end resistance R1 connects Hall chip H1, the resistance R1 other end point It Lian Jie not the one end resistance R3, the first operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal;The one end resistance R2 connects Hall chip H2, and resistance R2 is another End is separately connected the one end resistance R4, the first operational amplifier inverting input terminal;The resistance R3 other end connects the end GND, and resistance R4 is another One end connects the first operational amplifier output terminal.
The voltage that two hall devices generate is subtracted each other, it is hereby achieved that:
Wherein U3 is the voltage difference that two hall devices generate.
Further, for reaching the in-phase proportion amplifying circuit of told sensor target gain by operational amplifier OP07, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, capacitor C1 are constituted.The one end resistance R5 connects the end GND, resistance R5 other end connection second Operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal;The one end resistance R6 connects the first operational amplifier output terminal, and the resistance R6 other end is separately connected The one end resistance R7, the one end capacitor C1, second operational amplifier inverting input terminal;The resistance R7 other end, the connection of the capacitor C1 other end Second operational amplifier OP07 output end.
It realizes that target gain needs to adjust the size of resistance R6 and resistance R7, is embodied as:
A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor of the present invention, has the beneficial effect that:
1: K as can be seen from the above equationHI is definite value, and the output voltage of the bimag Hall current sensor is with outer magnetic Field namely tested electric current IPLinear change.Sensitivity can be by selecting highly sensitive Hall chip and its corresponding signal to handle electricity It improves on road.By formula it is found that when temperature is raised, Bair2And Bair1Reduce simultaneously, but Bair2-Bair1It is basically unchanged, so this biography Sensor can reduce temperature drift compared to existing open loop Hall current sensor.
2: compared with prior art, in the case where not needing to introduce temperature-compensation circuit, can reduce Hall current biography Temperature drift on sensor magnetic circuit improves measurement accuracy and Hall electricity of the Hall current sensor in large temperature range The temperature stability of flow sensor.
3: not needing to eliminate temperature drift by temperature-compensating, reduce open loop Hall electricity using bimag subtraction circuit The temperature drift of flow sensor meets the open loop Hall current sensor performance requirement for being applied to technical grade Super-Current Measurement.It should For scheme is compared with temperature-compensation circuit: structure is simple, versatile and can be substantially reduced open loop Hall current sensor temperature Drift.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure.
Fig. 2 is hall device circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is subtraction circuit figure.
Fig. 4 is gain enlarged diagram.
Fig. 5 is hardware circuit diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor, two geometric dimensions are the same, opening air gap thickness is different Magnetic core of the magnet ring as sensor, two completely the same Hall chips of characteristic are respectively put at two magnet ring opening air gaps, and two A Hall chip output is respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminal of Low Drift Temperature difference amplifier, constitutes bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current Sensor.
Two Hall chip output voltages are subtracted each other using subtracter, obtain the two difference in voltage, and with amplifier to this Voltage difference amplifies, and obtains the voltage output proportional with electric current to be measured.
A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor is invented, two part magnetic circuit parts and circuit part are divided into.
(1), the design of magnetic circuit part:
(1), magnet ring structure form: the shape of magnet ring has rectangular, round two kinds of structures, and square structure is used for the side of high current Type busbar or bus, circular configuration are used for general round conductor.So opening number is one, and inner circle is straight using circular configuration Diameter 16mm, outside diameter 28mm.
(2), opening size designs: according toIt is found that the size of opening directly determines the magnetic strength at magnet ring Answer intensity size.Consider that opening size is small, then magnetic field continuity, uniformity are good from the continuity and uniformity in magnetic field.But it is too small Opening size, and easily magnet ring is caused to be saturated, output is caused to be distorted.So magnet ring C of the present invention1Take 2cm, C2Take 1.5cm.
(3), magnet ring material selects: the selection for designing double soft magnetic materials mainly considers at 3 points: high magnetic permeability, quickly to gather Magnetic;Low-coercivity, magnetic hystersis loss are lower;Low-temperature coefficient reduces Sensor temperature drift.The present invention is perm conjunction using soft magnetic materials Gold, the material have high magnetic permeability, low-coercivity feature.
(2), the design of circuit part:
(1), as shown in Fig. 2, selected chip is two identical hall device CC6501, as tested electric current IPBy when, The voltage U1 and U2 generated under same core different air gap:
The effect of capacitor is to be shorted high-frequency interferencing signal into ground, reduces sensor noise.
(2), according to design scheme, operational amplifier needs the accurate operational amplifier of track to track double operational Low Drift Temperature, this Invention uses operational amplifier for OP07.
(3), U1 and U2 is obtained after the subtracter being made of operational amplifier OP07, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3 Voltage be U3, U3=U1-U2=KHI(Bair2-Bair1).It is illustrated in figure 3 subtracter physical circuit figure.
(4), to obtain target gain, U3It also needs by ratio enlargement, as shown in figure 4, resistance R5, resistance R6, electricity It hinders R7 and capacitor C1 and constitutes scaling circuit of the present invention, after ratio enlargement
Sensor can be changed in the size for adjusting resistance R6 and resistance R7 Target gain.Capacitor C1Effect is reduction operational amplifier self-noise.
(5)、U4For inventive sensor final output voltage.Entire hardware circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 5.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor, it is characterised in that: two geometric dimensions are the same, be open air gap thickness Magnetic core of the different magnet ring as sensor, two completely the same Hall chips of characteristic are respectively put into two magnet ring opening gas At gap, two Hall chip outputs are respectively connected to the positive and negative input terminal of Low Drift Temperature difference amplifier, constitute bimag Low Drift Temperature suddenly That current sensor.
2. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: utilize subtracter will Two Hall chip output voltages subtract each other, and both obtain difference in voltage, and amplified to this voltage difference with amplifier, obtain with The proportional voltage output of electric current to be measured.
3. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:
For difference magnetic induction intensity needed for two hall devices are provided bimag magnetic circuit,
For by two hall devices generate subtraction circuit that voltages subtract each other,
For reaching the in-phase proportion amplifying circuit of sensor target gain.
4. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 3, characterized by comprising:
The bimag magnetic circuit includes that two identical magnet rings open the bimag that different air gap is constituted,
A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The subtraction circuit includes the first operational amplifier, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4;
The one end resistance R1 connects Hall chip H1, and it is same that the resistance R1 other end is separately connected the one end resistance R3, the first operational amplifier Phase input terminal;The one end resistance R2 connects Hall chip H2, and the resistance R2 other end is separately connected the one end resistance R4, the first operation amplifier Device inverting input terminal;The resistance R3 other end connects the end GND, and the resistance R4 other end connects the first operational amplifier output terminal.
5. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The in-phase proportion amplifying circuit includes second operational amplifier, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, capacitor C1;
The one end resistance R5 connects the end GND, and the resistance R5 other end connects second operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal;The one end resistance R6 connects The first operational amplifier output terminal is connect, the resistance R6 other end is separately connected the one end resistance R7, the one end capacitor C1, the second operation amplifier Device inverting input terminal;The resistance R7 other end, the capacitor C1 other end connect second operational amplifier OP07 output end.
6. a kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Magnet ring structure form: the shape of magnet ring is rectangular or round, square busbar or mother of the square structure for high current Line, circular configuration are used for general round conductor.
CN201811481718.1A 2018-12-05 2018-12-05 A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor Pending CN109444513A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109921274A (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-06-21 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 The protection circuit of laser light path and guard method
CN110146737A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-20 杭州电子科技大学 A kind of wide range current sensor based on shunt magnetic structure
CN111157776A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-15 清华大学 Double-magnetic-core sensor for insulation leakage current of power equipment
CN111157777A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-15 清华大学 Design method of double-magnetic-core differential leakage current measurement sensor
CN112255583A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-22 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 Error compensation method for direct current transformer

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CN207662953U (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-07-27 北京柏艾斯科技有限公司 A kind of high precision closed loop Hall current sensor
CN209432889U (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-09-24 三峡大学 A kind of bimag Low Drift Temperature Hall current sensor

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CN2689240Y (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-03-30 华中科技大学 Double detecting current sensors
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109921274A (en) * 2019-04-17 2019-06-21 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 The protection circuit of laser light path and guard method
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CN111157776A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-15 清华大学 Double-magnetic-core sensor for insulation leakage current of power equipment
CN111157777A (en) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-15 清华大学 Design method of double-magnetic-core differential leakage current measurement sensor
CN112255583A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-22 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 Error compensation method for direct current transformer
CN112255583B (en) * 2020-10-29 2023-04-14 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 Error compensation method for direct current transformer

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