CN109444438B - Stabilizer for APTT detection reagent and APTT detection reagent - Google Patents
Stabilizer for APTT detection reagent and APTT detection reagent Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stabilizer for an APTT detection reagent and the APTT detection reagent, and belongs to the technical field of biological detection. The stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55.3 to 58.9 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide, 17.2 to 20.8 percent of glucosamine and the balance of auxiliary reagent, wherein the dosage of the stabilizer in the detection reagent containing ellagic acid and rabbit brain phospholipid is 5.0 to 5.5 percent. The stabilizing agent disclosed by the invention is green and non-toxic, the production process is safer, and the stabilizing effect on the APTT detection reagent is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and relates to a stabilizer for an APTT detection reagent and the APTT detection reagent.
Background
The human coagulation pathway is divided into an intrinsic coagulation pathway and an extrinsic coagulation pathway, and the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) is an important index of the intrinsic coagulation system. The reasons for prolonging the APTT are often found in the reduction of blood coagulation factors II, V, VIII, IX, XI and XII, fibrinogen deficiency, increased fibrinolytic activity, presence of anticoagulant substances (e.g. increased heparin content in blood and oral anticoagulants). The reasons for the shortened APTT are often found in hypercoagulable states, thrombotic disorders (e.g. myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary infarction, deep vein thrombosis, pregnancy-hypertension syndrome and nephrotic syndrome). Therefore, the detection of the APTT can understand the approximate change of the coagulation factors in the endogenous and exogenous coagulation systems in the blood, and if part of the endogenous coagulation factors are deficient, the APTT is prolonged; the method can also be widely used for observing diagnosis and treatment effects of hemorrhagic diseases before operation of the diseases, is used for monitoring the dosage of anticoagulant heparin, and is an important index for monitoring heparin treatment.
APTT reagents generally consist of an activator, a phospholipid, a divalent metal ion salt, a stabilizer, a buffer. Commonly used activators are diatomaceous earth (trade name Celite), kaolin, silica particles, tannins (Ellagic acid), and the like. Different partial thromboplastin, different activators and different activation times have different sensitivities to various coagulation factor defects, heparin and lupus anticoagulant substances, such as kaolin which is most sensitive to coagulation factors and ellagic acid which is most sensitive to lupus anticoagulant substances. Phospholipids are lipids containing phosphoric acid, belonging to complex lipids, and as platelet substitutes, they are involved in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. However, phospholipid is easy to react with ellagic acid to generate precipitate, many reagents on the market have precipitate at present, and phospholipid is rich in unsaturated fatty acid and is easy to oxidize to generate a series of lipid peroxides, so that the physiological activity of the phospholipid is influenced. At present, sodium azide is usually used as a corrosion-resistant bacteriostatic agent in the detection reagent, but the sodium azide is highly toxic, is difficult to dissolve and has long preparation time, so that operators can contact the sodium azide for a long time to harm the health of the bodies.
The principle of APTT detection is that an APTT detection reagent is added into blood plasma to be detected, an intrinsic coagulation system is activated under the participation of calcium ions, fibrinogen is converted into insoluble fibrin, and the time required by the blood plasma to be detected to be coagulated is measured, namely the activated partial thromboplastin time of the blood plasma to be detected. The APTT assay process is influenced by a number of factors, with the quality of the reagents being the most critical factor. At present, the problems of unstable product quality, easy precipitation of reagents and the like generally exist in domestic APTT detection reagents, so that detection results are unstable, and the results measured in different clinical examination laboratories are difficult to compare. Therefore, most of the reagents used in clinical laboratories are imported products, but the imported products are expensive.
Chitosan oligosaccharide (also called oligomeric glucosamine, etc.), namely glucosamine polymer with the polymerization degree of 2-10, has the molecular weight of less than or equal to 3200Da, and is generated by degrading chitosan through a special biological enzyme technology. The amino and hydroxyl in the molecule can be subjected to oxidation, esterification, etherification, acylation, alkylation, carboxylation, graft copolymerization, crosslinking and other reactions. The chitosan oligosaccharide has excellent physicochemical properties: (1) better water solubility and easy absorption by human body; (2) is safe and nontoxic; (3) anti-oxidation and anti-tumor; (4) corrosion and bacterial resistance; (5) regulating blood lipid and blood glucose; (6) enhancing immunity; (7) regulating pH value of human body and activating intestinal flora.
Glucosamine is the final hydrolysate of chitin, and has molecular formula of C6H13NO5The amino monosaccharide is a natural amino monosaccharide and is one of monosaccharides with the most abundant natural content, and the molecular structural formula is shown as follows.
Glucosamine is an important precursor in glycosylation reaction of protein or lipid, and has active physicochemical properties and strong biological activity, such as oxidation resistance, improvement of expression of articular cartilage and synovial fluid molecules, immunity enhancement, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, bacteriostasis and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a stabilizer for an APTT detection reagent, which has a good stabilizing effect on the APTT detection reagent, does not contain a highly toxic reagent such as sodium azide, and is safer in production process.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a stabilizer for an APTT detection reagent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
55.3 to 58.9 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
17.2 to 20.8 percent of glucosamine,
The balance of auxiliary reagent.
According to the invention, chitosan oligosaccharide and glucosamine are used as the stabilizer of the APTT detection reagent, so that the stability and the production safety of the APTT detection reagent can be effectively improved.
The chitosan oligosaccharide molecule contains hydroxyl and amino, is easy to carry out chemical reactions, such as O-acylation and N-acylation reaction, esterification reaction, etherification reaction, alkylation reaction, oxidation reaction, graft copolymerization, crosslinking reaction and the like, and can play a role of bridging between effective components in the APTT detection reagent, thereby improving the stability of the reagent. The residual sugar group of the chitosan oligosaccharide has an amino group at C2 and a hydroxyl group at C3, both of which are equatorial bonds in view of conformation. The structural characteristic enables the chitosan oligosaccharide to have a chelating effect on metal ions with certain ionic radius in the blood coagulation reagent, so that the problem of reagent instability caused by a small amount of heavy metal ions contained in the APTT detection reagent preparation raw material can be solved. The main components in the APTT detection reagent usually contain ellagic acid and rabbit cephalin, the ellagic acid and the rabbit cephalin are easy to react to generate precipitates, and the chitosan oligosaccharide can increase the viscosity and the density of the reagent and improve the precipitation phenomenon.
The glucosamine also has good metal chelating ability and can play a role in chelating metal ions like EDTA sodium salt or potassium salt. The stability of the APTT detection reagent can be effectively improved by the synergistic effect of the glucosamine and the chitosan oligosaccharide. The glucosamine also has good reducing capability and free radical clearing capability, has good antioxidant effect, and can effectively protect the APTT detection reagent.
In addition, chitosan oligosaccharide and glucosamine have certain bacteriostatic action. The synergistic effect of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the glucosamine and the auxiliary reagent can avoid the use of sodium azide which has antiseptic and bacteriostatic effects in the conventional stabilizer, and the sodium azide is extremely toxic and insoluble and needs longer configuration treatment time, so that operators can be in contact with the sodium azide for a long time to damage the bodies of the operators, and the production and use processes of the APTT determination reagent are safer.
Preferably, the auxiliary reagent comprises 3.0-4.5% of ascorbic acid by mass percent of the stabilizer.
Preferably, the auxiliary reagent comprises butylated hydroxytoluene accounting for 0.7-1.2% of the mass of the stabilizer.
Preferably, the auxiliary reagent comprises mannitol accounting for 18.7-19.7% of the stabilizer by mass.
The ascorbic acid in the invention mainly has the function of stabilizing the chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucosamine to prevent side reactions. The main function of butylated hydroxytoluene is to increase the density and viscosity of the solution and prevent sedimentation.
In addition, the ascorbic acid and the butylated hydroxytoluene have certain antibacterial and antioxidant effects, the mannitol also has antiseptic and antibacterial effects, and the three are used in combination with the chitosan oligosaccharide and the glucosamine, so that the stabilizer has excellent antiseptic and antibacterial effects, and the use of the conventional antibacterial preservative sodium azide can be completely avoided.
Preferably, the stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
57.14 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
19.05 percent of glucosamine,
3.81 percent of ascorbic acid,
0.95 percent of butylated hydroxytoluene,
19.05 percent of mannitol.
The invention also aims to provide an APTT detection reagent using the stabilizing agent, wherein the APTT detection reagent consists of a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.002 to 0.005 percent of ellagic acid,
0.03-0.07% of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.0 to 5.5 percent of stabilizer,
1.1-1.3 g/L trihydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer solution,
0.8 to 1.0 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance being water.
Preferably, the APTT detection reagent consists of a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.003 percent of ellagic acid,
0.05 percent of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.25 percent of stabilizer,
Tris buffer solution 1.21g/L,
0.90 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance being water.
Preferably, the reagent II comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.3-4.6 g/L of calcium chloride,
0.03 to 0.05 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water.
Preferably, the reagent II comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.44g/L of calcium chloride,
0.05 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water.
Preferably, the APTT detection reagent is used by the following method: adding reagent I into the blood plasma to be detected, incubating at 37 ℃, adding reagent II, and recording the coagulation time, namely the activated partial thromboplastin time.
Preferably, the plasma to be detected is sodium citrate anticoagulant plasma.
Preferably, the APTT detection reagent is used by the following method: taking 50 mu L of blood plasma to be detected, adding 50 mu L of reagent I pre-warmed at 37 ℃, incubating for 5min at 37 ℃, then adding 50 mu L of reagent II pre-warmed at 37 ℃, and recording the coagulation time, namely the activated partial thromboplastin time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the stabilizer is green and nontoxic, the production process is safer and more environment-friendly, and the production and use safety of the APTT detection reagent is greatly reduced; the stabilizing agent has good stabilizing effect on the APTT detection reagent, and can effectively reduce the precipitation phenomenon and the phenomenon of poor long-term storage stability of the conventional APTT detection reagent.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention and further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
The stabilizing agent for the APTT detection reagent in the embodiment consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
55.3 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
20.8 percent of glucosamine,
3.0 percent of ascorbic acid,
1.2 percent of butylated hydroxytoluene,
19.7 percent of mannitol.
Example 2
The stabilizing agent for the APTT detection reagent in the embodiment consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
57.14 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
19.05 percent of glucosamine,
3.81 percent of ascorbic acid,
0.95 percent of butylated hydroxytoluene,
19.05 percent of mannitol.
Example 3
The stabilizing agent for the APTT detection reagent in the embodiment consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
58.9 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
17.2 percent of glucosamine,
4.5 percent of ascorbic acid,
0.7 percent of butylated hydroxytoluene,
And 18.7 percent of mannitol.
Example 4
The APTT detection reagent in the embodiment comprises a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.002% of ellagic acid,
0.03 percent of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.0% of stabilizer in example 2,
1.1g/L trihydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer solution,
0.8 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance of water;
the reagent II comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.3g/L of calcium chloride,
0.03 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water
Example 5
The APTT detection reagent in the embodiment comprises a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.003 percent of ellagic acid,
0.05 percent of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.25% of stabilizer in example 2,
Tris buffer solution 1.21g/L,
0.90 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance of water;
the reagent II comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.44g/L of calcium chloride,
0.05 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water.
Example 6
The APTT detection reagent in the embodiment comprises a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.005% of ellagic acid,
0.07 percent of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.5% of stabilizer in example 2,
1.3g/L of tris buffer solution,
1.0 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance being water.
The reagent II comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
4.6g/L of calcium chloride,
0.05 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water
Example 7
This example differs from example 5 in that the stabilizer of example 1 is used.
Example 8
This example differs from example 5 in that the stabilizer of example 3 is used.
The application method of the APTT detection reagent in the embodiments 4-8 comprises the following steps:
and (3) respectively pre-warming the reagent I and the reagent II in any embodiment of the embodiments 4-8 at the temperature of 37 ℃, adding 50 mu L of the pre-warmed reagent I into sodium citrate anticoagulated plasma to be detected, uniformly mixing, incubating for 5min at the temperature of 37 ℃, adding 50 mu L of the pre-warmed reagent II, and recording the coagulation time, namely the activated partial thromboplastin time.
Comparative example 1
The same procedure as in example 5 was repeated except that 1 wt% glycine and 0.1 wt% sodium azide were used instead of chitosan oligosaccharide and glucosamine in the stabilizer.
Comparative example 2
The stabilizer does not include chitosan oligosaccharide, and the rest is the same as example 5.
Comparative example 3
The stabilizer does not include glucosamine, and the rest is the same as example 5.
Comparative example 4
Ascorbic acid was not included in the stabilizer, and the rest was the same as in example 5.
Comparative example 5
The stabilizer does not include butylated hydroxytoluene, and the rest is the same as example 5.
The APTT test reagent kits obtained in examples 4 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were stored at 2 to 8 ℃ in the dark, and APTT was measured using plasma to be tested every month from 0 month to 12 months according to the above-mentioned method of using APTT test reagent, and the stability of the reagent was observed, and the results of the measurement were shown in Table 1 below, and the deviation between each measurement result and the measurement result of 0 month was calculated (the calculation formula is | n-th month measurement value-0 th month measurement value |/0 th month measurement value, and n is 0, 1, 2, … …, 12), and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 1: detection results of APTT detection reagents prepared in examples 4-8 and comparative examples 1-5 on to-be-detected plasma
Table 2: deviation between each test result and the test result of month 0 in Table 1
Comparing the stability test results of the test agents in examples 4-8 and comparative examples 1-5, it was found that the formulations in examples 4-8 all had test results within a reasonable range from month 0 to month 12. While the deviation of the comparative example 1 without the formula of the invention is over 30% from month 7, and the deviation is gradually and greatly improved from month 7 to month 12, and the deviation is as high as 96.4% and completely exceeds the reasonable range of the normal deviation (the result of the conventional APTT test reagent on the APTT is generally not more than 35 s). The reagents of comparative examples 2-5 had greatly reduced stability from month 7 or month 8. Therefore, the kit can be stored in a dark environment at the temperature of 2-8 ℃ and is stable for at least 12 months, the kit can be stable for only 6 months in the comparative example 1, and the stability of the APTT detection reagent can be reduced to a certain extent by locally changing the formula of the APTT detection reagent.
Meanwhile, the precipitation phenomenon of the reagent I of the detection reagent in the embodiments 4 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 after being placed for 0 to 90 days is observed, and the results are shown in the following table 3.
Table 3: observation of precipitation of reagent I Using APTT prepared in examples 4 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 5
Note: in Table 3, -, + and + + indicate no, little and much precipitation, respectively
As can be seen from Table 3, the APTT detection reagent prepared in the embodiments 4 to 8 of the invention does not generate precipitation or only generates a small amount of precipitation within 90 days of standing, and has good stability.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The APTT detection reagent is characterized by consisting of a reagent I and a reagent II, wherein the reagent I comprises the following components in percentage by mass and concentration by mass:
0.002 to 0.005 percent of ellagic acid,
0.03-0.07% of rabbit brain phospholipid,
5.0 to 5.5 percent of stabilizer,
1.1-1.3 g/L trihydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer solution,
0.8 to 1.0 percent of sodium chloride,
The balance of water;
the stabilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
55.3 to 58.9 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide,
17.2 to 20.8 percent of glucosamine,
The balance of auxiliary reagent;
the auxiliary reagent comprises ascorbic acid accounting for 3.0-4.5% of the mass percent of the stabilizer, butylated hydroxytoluene accounting for 0.7-1.2% of the mass percent of the stabilizer and mannitol accounting for 18.7-19.7% of the mass percent of the stabilizer.
2. The APTT detection reagent of claim 1, wherein the reagent II comprises the following components in mass concentration and mass percentage:
4.3-4.6 g/L of calcium chloride,
0.03 to 0.05 percent of sodium azide,
The balance being water.
3. The APTT test reagent of claim 2, wherein the APTT test reagent is used in a method comprising: adding reagent I into the blood plasma to be detected, incubating at 37 ℃, adding reagent II, and recording the coagulation time, namely the activated partial thromboplastin time.
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| CN113025684A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Activated partial thromboplastin time detection reagent and kit |
| CN111929449A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-13 | 保定天岳生物工程有限公司 | APTT detection kit |
| CN112433057B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-06-09 | 北京美创新跃医疗器械有限公司 | Screening reagent for lupus anticoagulant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113009161A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-22 | 桂林优利特医疗电子有限公司 | Detection kit for activated partial thromboplastin time and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101561432A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-10-21 | 福建省洪诚生物药业有限公司 | Dilution being capable of maintaining high stability of enzyme marker solution |
| CN101892213A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-11-24 | 湖北大学 | Novel environmentally protected phytase heat stabilizer |
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| EP1559433A4 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2009-11-04 | Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co | Stabilized composition |
| JPWO2016199934A1 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-03-29 | 大日精化工業株式会社 | Preservative composition and preservation solution for fruits and vegetables, and fruits and vegetables |
| JP2017049040A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | シスメックス株式会社 | Reagent, reagent kit and method for measuring activated partial thromboplastin time |
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| CN101561432A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-10-21 | 福建省洪诚生物药业有限公司 | Dilution being capable of maintaining high stability of enzyme marker solution |
| CN101892213A (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2010-11-24 | 湖北大学 | Novel environmentally protected phytase heat stabilizer |
| CN108226539A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-29 | 三诺生物传感股份有限公司 | A kind of activated partial thromboplastin time detection reagent and detection method |
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