CN109443793A - Method for testing noise outside automobile - Google Patents
Method for testing noise outside automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN109443793A CN109443793A CN201811190832.9A CN201811190832A CN109443793A CN 109443793 A CN109443793 A CN 109443793A CN 201811190832 A CN201811190832 A CN 201811190832A CN 109443793 A CN109443793 A CN 109443793A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing noise outside an automobile, which comprises the following steps of: and B, executing the step A: silencing an air inlet and an air outlet of an automobile through a silencer, packaging a shell of an exhaust system, extinguishing the automobile by using an original automobile tire and performing neutral sliding operation on the automobile, and testing the noise outside the automobile to be SaAnd road surface temperature of Ta(ii) a Then, free rolling tire noise STire roller＝Sa+K(T0‑Ta) Wherein T is0K is a tire noise temperature conversion coefficient as a reference temperature. The method for testing the automobile noise can eliminate the influence of the road surface temperature on the calculation result, can separate the self-generated rolling tire noise and the traction torque tire noise, can identify each main sound source of the automobile noise to the maximum extent, and improves the accuracy of the experiment result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to car noise separation technology field more particularly to a kind of test methods of Automobile external noise.
Background technique
The source of sound of vehicle external noise is mainly engine noise, driveline clunk, inflow noise, exhaust outlet noise, exhaust spoke
Penetrate noise and tire noise.Wherein, tire noise contains free rolling tire noise and tractive torque tire noise, free scroll wheel
Tire noise refers to that the noise that tire is generated when freely rolling, tractive torque tire noise refer to the torque traction wheel by engine
Noise when tire rolls.Tractive torque tire noise should mainly be caused when with ground friction by the decorative pattern on tire.And
The noise level of tire at different temperature is not also identical.
Car noise source separation method in the prior art, does not account for temperature factor, causes experimental result inaccurate.It is existing
There is the car noise source separation method in technology, does not also separate inflow noise.Car noise source in the prior art
Separation method does not also separate free rolling tire noise and tractive torque tire noise.Disadvantages described above causes carrying out vehicle
When outer noise will be because of analysis experiment, Main Noise Sources can not be accurately identified, so that countermeasure can not be specified out effectively.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the test methods that one kind can be precisely separating the Automobile external noise of noise source.
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of test method of Automobile external noise, includes the following steps:
Free rolling tire noise test step, comprising:
It executes step A: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being carried out
Package processing, automobile carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation using former vehicle tire, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SaThe road surface and
Temperature is Ta；
Then, free rolling tire noise STire rolling=Sa+K(T0-Ta), wherein T0For benchmark temperature, K is that tyre noise temperature is changed
Calculate coefficient.
Further, further include following steps:
Driveline clunk testing procedure, comprising:
It executes step B: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being carried out
Package processing, automobile use carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SbWith
Pavement temperature is Tb；
It executes step C: the flame-out simultaneously taxi operation of third gear being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is ScIt is T with pavement temperaturec；
Then, driveline clunk SIt passes=Sc-(Sb+K(Tc-Tb))。
Further, further include following steps:
Engine noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step C；
It executes step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured；
Then, engine noise SHair=Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb))-SIt passes。
Further, further include following steps:
Tractive torque tire noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step A；
It executes step E: operation of normally giving it the gun being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SeIt is T with pavement temperaturee；
Execute the step B；
It executes the step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured；
Then, tractive torque tire noise STire is turned round=Se-(Sa+K(Te-Ta))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))+K(T0-Te)。
Further, further include following steps:
Exhaust emission noise test step, comprising:
Execute the step D；
It executes step F: removing the package on the shell of the exhaust system, normal acceleration operation, test are carried out to automobile
Vehicle external noise is SfIt is T with pavement temperaturef；
Then, exhaust emission noise SSpoke=Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))。
Further, further include following steps:
Inflow noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step F；
It executes step G: removing the muffler on the air inlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, is made an uproar outside test carriage
Sound is SgIt is T with pavement temperatureg；
Then, inflow noise SInto=Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb))-(Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb)))。
Further, further include following steps:
Exhaust noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step G；
It executes step H: removing the muffler on the exhaust outlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, is made an uproar outside test carriage
Sound is ShIt is T with pavement temperatureh；
Then, exhaust noise SRow=Sh-(Sb+K(Th-Tb))-(Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb)))。
Further, further include following steps:
Full noise test step, comprising:
Execute step I: automobile is using former vehicle tire, not to the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet noise reduction, while not to exhaust
The shell of silene system carries out package, carries out normal acceleration operation to automobile, test carriage external noise is SiIt is T with pavement temperaturei。
Further, further include following steps:
Multilevel iudge step, comprising:
Execute step J: by the free rolling tire noise, the driveline clunk, the tractive torque tire noise,
The engine noise, the exhaust emission noise, the inflow noise and the exhaust outlet noise sum to obtain SAlways；
Execute step K: by SiWith SAlwaysMultilevel iudge, such as SiWith SAlwaysDifference within a preset range, then be judged as test close
Lattice, such as SiWith SAlwaysDifference beyond in preset range, then noise test is carried out to automobile again.
Further, further include following steps:
Integration test judgment step, the sequence for executing step are as follows:
Execute the step A；
Execute the step E；
Execute the step B；
Execute the step C；
Execute the step D；
Execute the step F；
Execute the step G；
Execute the step H；
Execute the step I；
Execute the step J；
Execute the step K.
By adopting the above technical scheme, it has the following beneficial effects:
The test method of Automobile external noise provided by the invention can eliminate influence of the pavement temperature to calculated result,
Free rolling tire noise and tractive torque tire noise can be isolated, can farthest identify each of pass-by noise
A main source of sound, which raises the accuracys of experimental result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the test method for the Automobile external noise that one embodiment of the invention provides.
Fig. 2 is the connection schematic diagram for the muffler connecting with air inlet；
Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram for the muffler connecting with exhaust outlet；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of exhaust connection；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of muffler.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.Wherein identical components are with identical
Appended drawing reference indicates.It should be noted that word "front", "rear" used in the following description, "left", "right", "up" and "down"
Refer to that the direction in attached drawing, word "inner" and "outside" refer respectively to the direction towards or away from geometric center of specific component.
The specified in more detail of " automobile normally accelerates to operate " described below can be found in " GB1495-2002 the Accelerating Traveling of Automobiles
Pass-by noise limit value and measurement method ".The shell of exhaust system described below is referred to by package using sound-absorbing resistant to high temperature
Material and acoustic material resistant to high temperature wrap up whole gas extraction system, to eliminate exhaust system radiated noise.
As shown in Figure 1, the test method for the Automobile external noise that one embodiment of the invention provides, includes the following steps:
Free rolling tire noise test step, comprising:
It executes step A: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being carried out
Package processing, automobile carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation using former vehicle tire, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SaThe road surface and
Temperature is Ta。
Then, free rolling tire noise STire rolling=Sa+K(T0-Ta), wherein T0For benchmark temperature, K is that tyre noise temperature is changed
Calculate coefficient.
Since tyre noise deteriorates with the attenuating of temperature, and tire inertia slides past in Standard of Noise Measurement and provides
Pavement temperature be 5-40 DEG C, T0Value suggests being 5 DEG C.
When 20 DEG C of pavement temperature >, K=-0.03dB (A)/DEG C；When pavement temperature≤20 DEG C, K=-0.06dB (A)/
℃。
In step, to being both provided with muffler or silencing means on air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet, and by exhaust system
Shell carry out package, avoid exhaust emission noise.Using former vehicle tire, former vehicle tire is the tire on tyre surface with decorative pattern,
, when starting machine travel to roll, tire noise includes free rolling tire noise and tractive torque tire noise for it.
Neutral gear is linked into after automobile flameout, so that automobile flameout neutral position sliding, vehicle external noise mainly includes free rolling at this time
Dynamic tire noise.
And tire noise is related to pavement temperature, under normal circumstances, temperature is lower, and tire noise is bigger.
Then, free rolling tire noise STire rolling=Sa+K(T0-Ta)。
As a result, in this step, influence of the pavement temperature to calculated result can be eliminated, free rolling can be accurately calculated
Dynamic tire noise, improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes driveline clunk testing procedure.
Driveline clunk testing procedure, comprising:
It executes step B: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being carried out
Package processing, automobile use carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SbWith
Pavement temperature is Tb；
It executes step C: the flame-out simultaneously taxi operation of third gear being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is ScIt is T with pavement temperaturec；
Then, driveline clunk SIt passes=Sc-(Sb+K(Tc-Tb))。
The specific steps of step C are as follows: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and by exhaust system
Shell carries out package processing, and automobile use carries out the flame-out simultaneously taxi operation of third gear without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, makes an uproar outside test carriage
Sound is ScIt is T with pavement temperaturec。
Due to all using no decorative pattern halo tire in step B and step C, so tire noise only includes that free rolling tire is made an uproar
Sound.
In stepb, vehicle external noise specifically includes that the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire.
In step C, since automobile third gear is flame-out and taxi operation, so the transmission system of automobile also occurs that noise.
Vehicle external noise in step C specifically includes that the free rolling tire noise and driveline clunk of smooth tire.
SbIt is automobile tire in TbWhen noise, need to be scaled in TcWhen noise after, increase K (Tc-Tb)
Noise.
According to acoustic theory, overall sound pressure level LpTWith the sound pressure level L of a certain sound wave in two sound wavesp1Subtract each other, can find out
The sound pressure level of another sound wave:
Available, the driveline clunk S of theory subtracted each other according to above-mentioned sound pressure levelIt passes=10*lg (10Sc/10-10(Sb +K(Tc-Tb))/10)。
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate biography
Dynamic is noise, improves the accuracy of experiment.
Wherein, specific gravity very little of the noise of driving system of automatic catch vehicle and ordinary passenger car in pass-by noise, can not
Need to carry out the operation of step C.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes engine noise testing procedure.
Engine noise testing procedure, comprising:
Step C is executed, specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and by exhaust system
Shell carries out package processing, and automobile use carries out the flame-out simultaneously taxi operation of third gear without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, makes an uproar outside test carriage
Sound is ScIt is T with pavement temperaturec。
It executes step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured。
Specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system is sealed
Packet processing, automobile use carry out normal acceleration operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SdAnd pavement temperature
For Td。
Then, engine noise SHair=Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb))-SIt passes。
The free tire noise and driveline clunk of smooth tire are specifically included that in step C.
Free tire noise, engine noise and the driveline clunk of smooth tire are specifically included that in step D.
By the T in step CcAt a temperature of free tire noise be converted to TdAt a temperature of free tire noise when, will increase
Add K (Td-Tc) noise.According to above-mentioned acoustic theory:
Engine noise
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate and set out
Motivation noise improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes tractive torque tire noise test step
Suddenly.
Tractive torque tire noise testing procedure, comprising:
Step A is executed, specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and by exhaust system
Shell carries out package processing, and automobile carries out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation using former vehicle tire, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is
SaIt is T with pavement temperaturea。
It executes step E: operation of normally giving it the gun being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SeIt is T with pavement temperaturee.Tool
Body are as follows: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system is subjected to package processing, automobile
Using former vehicle tire, operation of normally giving it the gun is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SeIt is T with pavement temperaturee。
Step B is executed, specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and by exhaust system
Shell carries out package processing, and automobile use carries out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, makes an uproar outside test carriage
Sound is SbIt is T with pavement temperatureb。
It executes step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured.Specifically
Are as follows: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system is subjected to package processing, automobile makes
With the smooth tire of no decorative pattern, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured。
Then, tractive torque tire noise STire is turned round=Se-(Sa+K(Te-Ta))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))+K(T0-Te).?
The free rolling tire noise of former vehicle tire is specifically included that in step A.
Specifically included that in step E engine noise, driveline clunk, former vehicle tire free rolling tire noise and
Tractive torque tire noise.
The free rolling tire noise of smooth tire is specifically included that in stepb.
The free rolling tire noise of engine noise, driveline clunk and smooth tire is specifically included that in step D.
By the T in step AaAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TeUnder tire noise, increase K (Te-Ta) noise.
By the T in step BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TdUnder tire noise, increase K (Td-Tb) noise.
According to above-mentioned acoustic theory:
Tractive torque tire noise STire is turned round=10*lg (10Se/10-10(Sa+K(Te-Ta))/10-(10Sd/10-10(Sb+K(Td-Tb))/10))
+K(T0-Te)。
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate traction
Torque tire noise improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes exhaust emission noise test step.
Exhaust emission noise test step, comprising:
Step D is executed, specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and by exhaust system
Shell carries out package processing, and automobile use carries out normal acceleration operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is Sd
It is T with pavement temperatured。
It executes step F: removing the package on the shell of exhaust system, normal acceleration is carried out to automobile and is operated, outside test carriage
Noise is SfIt is T with pavement temperaturef.Specifically, by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, in exhaust system
Shell package or the package of the shell of exhaust system in step D is not removed or is replaced the exhaust system of identical non-package
Shell, automobile use is without the smooth tire of decorative pattern.Then, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SfThe road surface and
Temperature is Tf。
Then, exhaust emission noise SSpoke=Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))。
The free rolling tire noise of smooth tire is specifically included that in stepb.
The free rolling tire noise of engine noise, driveline clunk and smooth tire is specifically included that in step D.
Engine noise, driveline clunk, the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire and row are specifically included that in step F
Gas radiated noise.
T in step BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TdUnder tire noise, increase K (Td-Tb) noise.
T in step BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TfUnder tire noise, increase K (Tf-Tb) noise.
According to above-mentioned acoustic theory:
Exhaust emission noise SSpoke=10*lg (10Sf/10-10(Sb+K(Tf-Tb))/10-(10Sd/10-10(Sb+K(Td-Tb))/10))。
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate exhaust
Radiated noise improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes inflow noise testing procedure.
Inflow noise testing procedure, comprising:
Step F is executed, specifically: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, to the shell of exhaust system
The shell of the body not exhaust system of package or the identical non-package of replacement, automobile use is without the smooth tire of decorative pattern.Then, to automobile into
Row is normal to accelerate operation, and test carriage external noise is SfIt is T with pavement temperaturef。
It executes step G: removing the muffler on air inlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is
SgIt is T with pavement temperatureg.Specifically: by the exhaust outlet of automobile by muffler noise reduction, by the shell of exhaust system not package or
The shell that the package of the shell of exhaust system is removed or replaced the exhaust system of identical non-package, by the noise reduction on air inlet
Device is removed or air inlet not noise reduction, and automobile use is without the smooth tire of decorative pattern.Then, normal acceleration operation, test carriage are carried out to automobile
External noise is SgIt is T with pavement temperatureg。
Then, inflow noise SInto=Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb))-(Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb)))。
The free rolling tire noise of smooth tire is specifically included that in stepb.
Engine noise, driveline clunk, the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire and row are specifically included that in step F
Gas radiated noise.
Engine noise, driveline clunk, the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire, exhaust are specifically included that in step G
Radiated noise and inflow noise.
T in step BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TgUnder tire noise, increase K (Tg-Tb) noise；Step
T in rapid BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TfUnder tire noise, increase K (Tf-Tb) noise.
According to above-mentioned acoustic theory:
Inflow noise SInto=10*lg (10Sg/10-10(Sb+K(Tg-Tb))/10-(10Sf/10-10(Sb+K(Tf-Tb))/10))。
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate air inlet
Noise improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes exhaust noise testing procedure:
Exhaust noise testing procedure, comprising:
Step G is executed, specifically: by the exhaust outlet of automobile by muffler noise reduction, by the shell of exhaust system not package
Or the package of the shell of exhaust system is removed or is replaced the shell of the exhaust system of identical non-package, by disappearing on air inlet
Sound device is removed or air inlet not noise reduction, and automobile use is without the smooth tire of decorative pattern.Then, normal acceleration operation, test are carried out to automobile
Vehicle external noise is SgIt is T with pavement temperatureg。
It executes step H: removing the muffler on exhaust outlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is
ShIt is T with pavement temperatureh.Specifically: by the muffler dismounting or exhaust outlet not noise reduction on exhaust outlet, by the noise reduction on air inlet
Device is removed or air inlet not noise reduction, and automobile use is without the smooth tire of decorative pattern.Then, normal acceleration operation, test carriage are carried out to automobile
External noise is SgIt is T with pavement temperatureg。
Then, exhaust noise SRow=Sh-(Sb+K(Th-Tb))-(Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb)))。
The free rolling tire noise of smooth tire is specifically included that in stepb.
Engine noise, driveline clunk, the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire, exhaust are specifically included that in step G
Radiated noise and inflow noise.
Engine noise, driveline clunk, the free rolling tire noise of smooth tire, exhaust are specifically included that in steph
Radiated noise, inflow noise and exhaust noise.
T in step BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to TgUnder tire noise, increase K (Tg-Tb) noise；Step
T in rapid BbAt a temperature of tire noise be converted to ThUnder tire noise, increase K (Th-Tb) noise.
According to above-mentioned acoustic theory:
Exhaust noise SRow=10*lg (10Sh/10-10(Sb+K(Th-Tb))/10-(10Sg/10-10(Sb+K(Tg-Tb))/10))。
As a result, in this step, can eliminate pavement temperature influences the calculated result that tire is made an uproar, and can accurately calculate exhaust
Noise improves the accuracy of experiment.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes full noise test step:
Full noise test step, comprising:
Execute step I: automobile is using former vehicle tire, not to the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet noise reduction, while not to exhaust
The shell of system does package processing, carries out normal acceleration operation to automobile, test carriage external noise is SiIt is T with pavement temperaturei。
Whole noises outside Automobile can be tested, to carry out subsequent experimental test.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes multilevel iudge step.
Multilevel iudge step, comprising:
Execute step J: by free rolling tire noise, driveline clunk, tractive torque tire noise, engine noise,
Exhaust emission noise, inflow noise and exhaust outlet noise sum to obtain SAlways。
Execute step K: by SiWith SAlwaysMultilevel iudge, such as SiWith SAlwaysDifference within a preset range, then be judged as test close
Lattice, such as SiWith SAlwaysDifference beyond in preset range, then noise test is carried out to automobile again.
It can connect, be entered data into computer with computer, realize that automatic calculate is realized with automatic by computer
Experiment control.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the test method of Automobile external noise further includes integration test judgment step.
Integration test judgment step, the sequence for executing step are as follows:
Step A is successively executed, step E is executed, executes step B, execute step C, execute step D, execute step F, execute
Step G, step H is executed, step I is executed, executes step J, executes step K.
By successively executing above-mentioned steps, whole data can successively can be obtained after having executed above-mentioned steps,
Free rolling tire noise, driveline clunk, engine noise, tractive torque tire noise, exhaust emission is successively calculated to make an uproar
Sound, inflow noise and exhaust noise, improve efficiency.
In conclusion the test method of Automobile external noise provided by the invention, can eliminate pavement temperature and tie to calculating
The influence of fruit can isolate free rolling tire noise and tractive torque tire noise, can farthest identify vehicle
Each main source of sound of outer noise, which raises the accuracys of experimental result.
As shown in Figure 2-5, the muffler 5 being connected on air inlet and exhaust outlet is the big silencer of Whole frequency band.Such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, muffler 5 includes shell 51, and glass fibre cotton layer 52 is provided in shell 51, and snorkel 53 passes through glass fibre cotton layer
52.The tracheae air inlet 531 of snorkel 53 is stretched out in the side of shell 51, and the air pipe outlet 532 of snorkel 53 is stretched out in shell
The other side of body 51.Multiple through-holes are provided on snorkel 53, gas enters snorkel 53 by tracheae air inlet 531,
When by glass fibre cotton layer 52, gas enters by through-hole carries out noise reduction in glass fibre cotton layer 52, the gas after noise reduction is again
It returns in snorkel 53, last transtracheal gas outlet 532 is discharged.
The air pipe outlet 532 of muffler 5, which can connect, carries out noise reduction, the gas of muffler 5 to air inlet on air inlet
Pipe air inlet 531 may be mounted on exhaust outlet and carry out noise reduction to exhaust outlet, can also pacify on air inlet and exhaust outlet simultaneously
It fills muffler 5 and noise reduction is carried out to air inlet and exhaust outlet.
As shown in Fig. 2, when to air inlet noise reduction:
The explanation of air inlet joint noise reduction device 5:
Step 1: the dirty side of entire gas handling system, air cleaner and clean side are all removed, by inlet pipe connection
1 connects with the air throttle of engine.Specifically, there is mounting hole on inlet pipe connection 1, air flow sensor is installed to air inlet
In the mounting hole of connecting tube 1.
Step 2: the longer PVC wired hose 2 resistant to high temperature of inlet pipe connection 1 and one section is fixed using clip,
Prevent air from revealing；.
Step 3: PVC wired hose 2 and air cleaner 3 are attached, and the two is fixed using clip, is prevented
Air leakage.The purpose of installation air cleaner 3 is to prevent external dust and impurity from entering in engine, leads to engine
Damage.
Step 4: the shorter PVC wired hose 4 resistant to high temperature of air cleaner 3 and one section is attached, and the two uses
Clip is fixed, and prevents air from revealing.
Step 5: PVC wired hose 4 and muffler 5 are attached, and the two is fixed using clip, prevents air
Leakage.The purpose of muffler 5 is shielding inlet noise.
Step 6: after entire induction noise shielding harness is installed, for lorry, whole system can be used rope
It is lifted on front of the car, specific Hoisting Position is contemplated that the EXTERNAL PROJECTIONs such as rearview mirror；For passenger car, whole system can be set
Above car body top or luggage case, it is fixed using the corresponding position of rope and vehicle bottom.
As shown in Figure 3-4, when to exhaust outlet noise reduction:
The explanation of exhaust outlet joint noise reduction device 5:
Step 1: exhaust connection 6 being connected with exhaust outlet, setting passes through there are three bolt is confined in exhaust connection 6
Confine bolt to be mounted on air exit.Gap between exhaust connection 6 and exhaust pipe is sealed using refractory solid glue.
Step 2: exhaust connection 6 and flexible metal being connected around property pipe 7, the two is fixed using flange, method
Gasket is installed between orchid, prevents exhaust from revealing.
Step 3: metal being attached around property pipe 7 and muffler 5, the two is fixed using flange, prevents exhaust from letting out
Dew.The purpose of installation muffler 5 is shielding exhaust outlet noise.
Step 4: by the shell of above-mentioned entire exhaust noise shielding harness, (enclosure interior includes exhaust connection 6, metal
Around property pipe 7 and muffler 5) one layer of heat-resisting sound-absorbing material (such as glass fibre) of external cladding and acoustic material (such as sound insulation aluminium foil).
Step 5: after entire exhaust noise shielding harness is installed, for lorry, whole system can be placed in container
And it is fixed；For passenger car, whole system can be placed in above car body top or luggage case, use rope and vehicle bottom
The corresponding position in portion is fixed.
As needed, above-mentioned each technical solution can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only the principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, several other modifications can also be made, also should be regarded as protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of test method of Automobile external noise, which comprises the steps of:
Free rolling tire noise test step, comprising:
It executes step A: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being subjected to package
Processing, automobile carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation using former vehicle tire, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SaAnd pavement temperature
For Ta；
Then, free rolling tire noise STire rolling=Sa+K(T0-Ta), wherein T0For benchmark temperature, K is tyre noise temperature conversion system
Number.
2. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Driveline clunk testing procedure, comprising:
It executes step B: by the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet by muffler noise reduction, and the shell of exhaust system being subjected to package
Processing, automobile use carry out flame-out and neutral gear taxi operation without the smooth tire of decorative pattern, to automobile, and test carriage external noise is SbThe road surface and
Temperature is Tb；
It executes step C: the flame-out simultaneously taxi operation of third gear being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is ScIt is T with pavement temperaturec；
Then, driveline clunk SIt passes=Sc-(Sb+K(Tc-Tb))。
3. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Engine noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step C；
It executes step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured；
Then, engine noise SHair=Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb))-SIt passes。
4. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Tractive torque tire noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step A；
It executes step E: operation of normally giving it the gun being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SeIt is T with pavement temperaturee；
Execute the step B；
It executes the step D: normal acceleration operation being carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is SdIt is T with pavement temperatured；
Then, tractive torque tire noise STire is turned round=Se-(Sa+K(Te-Ta))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))+K(T0-Te)。
5. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Exhaust emission noise test step, comprising:
Execute the step D；
It executes step F: removing the package on the shell of the exhaust system, normal acceleration is carried out to automobile and is operated, outside test carriage
Noise is SfIt is T with pavement temperaturef；
Then, exhaust emission noise SSpoke=Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb))-(Sd-(Sb+K(Td-Tb)))。
6. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Inflow noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step F；
It executes step G: removing the muffler on the air inlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is Sg
It is T with pavement temperatureg；
Then, inflow noise SInto=Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb))-(Sf-(Sb+K(Tf-Tb)))。
7. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Exhaust noise testing procedure, comprising:
Execute the step G；
It executes step H: removing the muffler on the exhaust outlet, normal acceleration operation is carried out to automobile, test carriage external noise is Sh
It is T with pavement temperatureh；
Then, exhaust noise SRow=Sh-(Sb+K(Th-Tb))-(Sg-(Sb+K(Tg-Tb)))。
8. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Full noise test step, comprising:
Execute step I: automobile is using former vehicle tire, not to the air inlet of automobile and exhaust outlet noise reduction, while not to exhaust noise silencing
The shell of system carries out package, carries out normal acceleration operation to automobile, test carriage external noise is SiIt is T with pavement temperaturei。
9. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Multilevel iudge step, comprising:
Execute step J: by the free rolling tire noise, driveline clunk, the tractive torque tire noise, described
Engine noise, the exhaust emission noise, the inflow noise and the exhaust outlet noise sum to obtain SAlways；
Execute step K: by SiWith SAlwaysMultilevel iudge, such as SiWith SAlwaysDifference within a preset range, then be judged as test passes, such as
SiWith SAlwaysDifference beyond in preset range, then noise test is carried out to automobile again.
10. the test method of Automobile external noise according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
Integration test judgment step, the sequence for executing step are as follows:
Execute the step A；
Execute the step E；
Execute the step B；
Execute the step C；
Execute the step D；
Execute the step F；
Execute the step G；
Execute the step H；
Execute the step I；
Execute the step J；
Execute the step K.
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