CN109443671A - A kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life, comprising the following steps: A, production monitoring region duplication sample, including tensile sample and fatigue testing specimen；B, the relational database of load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established by detecting to fatigue testing specimen progress fatigue test and nonlinear ultrasonic；C, by carrying out the relational database that static test establishes static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to tensile sample；D, remaining service life computation model is established according to the relational database that step B and C are established；E, ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is installed in monitoring region；F, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to monitoring region, in conjunction with the remaining service life in the remaining service life computation model evaluation monitoring region established step B and the C relational database established and step D.The monitoring method can avoid the original material unevenly influence to ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor, accurately monitor the remaining service life of high-speed train body key position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring methods of high-speed train body key position remaining life, and it is lossless to belong to service life
Detection field.
Background technique
The bullet train speed of service wants much faster relative to ordinary train speed, to the damage of car body during military service
Higher level is also reached with consumption.Bullet train military service behavior is mainly derived from car body to the consumption in car body service life and runs over
The fatigue that Cheng Zhendong is generated, passenger's dynamic change, train are communicated, by the dynamic load of the generations such as wind-tunnel tunnel, and are born
Higher dead load all has some impact on the military service behavior of bullet train.Bullet train military service behavior is monitored at present
Mode predominantly stop monitoring, and the life damage feature that can be detected is mainly crackle, once car body occurs in fact
The safe condition of crackle, car body is immediately reduced to very low level, before really determining that car body service life is cracked
Stage, and having no effective mode for the remaining life of cracked last stage at present can monitor.
Damage before cracked for high-speed train body key position is not to have no feature, is unable to monitor.One
As for along with car body be on active service progress, the consumption of service life, it is required monitoring part material microstate be also to have one
Fixed variation, the especially dislocation of material with military service progress, with significant change.The material being lost without service life
Initial bit state is small dislocation, and dislocation density is low, flat state distribution is presented.With the progress of military service behavior, dislocation winding
Obviously, dislocation wall is gradually appeared, dislocation gradually highlights three-dimensional state.Service life continues to be lost, and what dislocation wall generated answers
Power is concentrated, and leads to the generation of micro-crack, micro-crack herein is usually micron level or even Nano grade, and then developing into can
With the macroscopic cracking for using mature loseless method to detect.More mature ultrasonic detection technology used at present is all benefit
With the linear character of ultrasonic wave, and ignore the nonlinear characteristic of ultrasonic wave.Actually the dislocation of material, micro-crack all can be obvious
The nonlinear characteristic for causing ultrasonic wave, thus nonlinear ultrasonic carries the microscopic feature of more materials.Have at present
Earlier damage of the scholar using non-linear ultrasonic wave technology to monitor material, but nonlinear ultrasonic detect to obtain ultrasonic wave it is non-
Linear coefficient is not only influenced by early stage damage of being on active service, and also will receive the influence of the initial uneven state of material, especially right
The test of the weld seam, heat affected area of welding point.The uneven original state of welding point each region is non-linear to ultrasonic wave
The influence of coefficient is very important, also inevitable to cause biggish obstacle to the mature use of the technology.The main object of the present invention
It is to solve the original material unevenly influence to ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor, nonlinear ultrasonic not only may be implemented, welding is connect
Head can also monitor the service life of uneven base material, monitoring error is greatly lowered.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life, the party
Method can avoid the original material unevenly influence to ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor, realizes and is detected by nonlinear ultrasonic to welding
The monitoring of the service life of connector different zones and uneven base material, monitoring accuracy are high.
The present invention realizes that its goal of the invention is adopted the technical scheme that: a kind of high-speed train body key position remaining longevity
The monitoring method of life, comprising the following steps:
A, production monitoring region duplication sample
The position for needing to be monitored on train body is determined according to the military service feature of bullet train, and according to original state
Difference will need the position being monitored to be divided into multiple small monitoring regions, the original state phase in each monitoring region
Together；Duplication sample identical with each monitoring region original state is made, the duplication sample includes that tensile sample and fatigue testing specimen (are drawn
Stretch sample refer to monitoring region original state it is identical, geometry be standard tensile specimen sample；Fatigue testing specimen refer to
Monitoring region original state is identical, and geometry is the sample of fatigue criterion sample)；The original state in the monitoring region refers to
Monitoring region is not on active service, undamaged state；
B, the relational database of load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More fatigue testing specimens of step A preparation are selected, the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle is carried out, and respectively to by not
Fatigue testing specimen with fatigue cycle fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establishes load fatigue damage according to testing result
The relational database of (the tired cycle of experience) and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
C, the relational database of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More tensile samples for selecting step A preparation, carry out different stress loading tests, and respectively to different static strengths
Under tensile sample carry out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establish static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor according to testing result
Relational database:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
D, remaining service life computation model is established
Remaining service life computation model are as follows:
Wherein,
N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
Y is remaining service life；
σ is the real-time static strength for monitoring region, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
As a result the relational database with static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires, unit N/mm2；
N is the tired cycle for monitoring region experience, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
As a result it damages with load fatigue and is acquired with the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
R is the yield limit Re or elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2, unit N/mm2；
A is coefficient of efficiency；
E, ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is installed in monitoring region
Monitoring region is surface-treated, upper ultrasonic excitation is pasted after processing and receives chip, and above chip
Mask is installed, painting treatment then is carried out to the component where monitoring region, guarantees the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 installed after painting treatment
Feeler is exposed outside；
F, monitoring region residue service life evaluation
F1, train were on active service after a stage, and the touching of the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 of non-linear ultrasonic wave device Connection Step E installation is used
Angle carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, measures ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor s '；
F2, according to step C establish static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor relational database, obtain monitoring region
Static strength σ ', σ '=K (s ')；
F3, the remaining service life computation model established according to step D comment the remaining service life in monitoring region
It is fixed:
If σ ' >=R/a, remaining service life Y '=0 in region is monitored, component is reprocessed or scrapped；
If σ ' < R/a, the relational database with ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is damaged according to the load fatigue that step B is established,
Obtain tired cycle n ', n '=F (s ') of monitoring region experience；And determine remaining service life Y ', Y '=N- in monitoring region
n′；
Wherein, N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；R is the yield limit Re or elastic limit for monitoring region
Rp0.2, unit N/mm2；A is coefficient of efficiency.
Further, more fatigue testing specimens are selected in step B of the present invention, carry out the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle,
And nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the fatigue testing specimen Jing Guo the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle respectively, it builds according to testing result
Vertical load fatigue damage and the specific method of the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are:
B1, selection fatigue testing specimen H root, first fatigue testing specimen carry out 0 cycle fatigue test, and second fatigue testing specimen carries out
1* [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, third root fatigue testing specimen carry out 2* [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ..., h
Root fatigue testing specimen carries out (h-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ..., H root fatigue testing specimen carries out (H-1) * [N/
(H-1)] cycle fatigue test；Wherein, N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；[N/ (H-1)] indicates bracket function
INT (N/ (H-1)) is rounded N/ (H-1)；
B2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the fatigue testing specimen Jing Guo fatigue test, note carries out h root fatigue testing specimen
The non-linear ultrasonic wave that nonlinear ultrasonic detects is sh, then the H root fatigue by fatigue test that step B1 is obtained
Sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detects that it is non-linear to obtain ultrasonic wave to be respectively s1, s2, s3... ..., sh... ..., sH；
B3, the relation data that load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established according to the testing result of step B2
Library:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Further, fatigue testing specimen quantity H >=6 selected in step B1 of the present invention.
The present invention, which monitors fatigue life of region when not being on active service, to be obtained by fatigue test, for same monitoring region,
The stress ratio of fatigue test is identical with stress amplitude.
Further, more tensile samples are selected in step C of the present invention, carries out different stress loading tests, and respectively
Nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the tensile sample under different static strengths, establishes static strength and ultrasound according to testing result
The specific method of the relational database of wave nonlinear factor is:
C1, selection tensile sample G root, the first tensile sample loading stress 0N/mm2, second tensile sample loading stress
1*R/ (G-1), third root tensile sample loading stress 2*R/ (G-1) ..., g root tensile sample loading stress (g-1) *
R/ (G-1) ..., G root tensile sample loading stress (G-1) * R/ (G-1)；Wherein, R is the yield limit for monitoring region
Re or elastic limit Rp0.2, unit N/mm2；
C2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the tensile sample under static load state (under loading stress state), remembered to g
It is non-linear for s that root tensile sample carries out the ultrasonic wave that nonlinear ultrasonic detectsg, then the static load state that step C1 is obtained
Under tensile sample (under loading stress state) G root tensile sample carry out respectively nonlinear ultrasonic detect to obtain ultrasonic wave it is non-
It is linearly respectively s1, s2, s3... ..., sg... ..., sG；
C3, the relational database that static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are established according to the testing result of step C2:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Further, tensile sample quantity G >=6 of step C1 selection of the present invention.
Further, the coefficient of efficiency a=1.15-1.2 in remaining service life computation model of the present invention.
Above-mentioned coefficient of efficiency is determined according to many experiments, neither will cause component waste, and may insure train safety
It is on active service.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
One, the damage of material is detected at present, is usually main damage characteristic with crackle, but work as component, especially
It is that high-speed train body key position is once cracked, and safe condition has had been reduced to a low-down state, sternly
Traffic safety is threatened again.In fact, the stage before crackle occurs is the service life most important stage, and for this stage material
Expect that internal microstructure is that certain variation occurred, although being macroscopically difficult to show obvious characteristic.The present invention passes through non-
Linear ultrasound detection technique accurately predicts that the duty status in preceding monitored region occurs in crackle, reduces the operation of bullet train
Risk.
Two, the present invention divides monitoring according to original state difference and region and makes duplication sample, establish load fatigue damage with
The relational database and static strength of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor, can be effective
The influence due to the discontinuity of materials of welding point and uneven base material to monitoring result is reduced, ensure that by non-linear super
The accuracy that sound wave monitors car body service life.
Three, the relational database and static strength of the invention by establishing load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor
With the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor, remaining service life computation model is further established, so that remaining be on active service the longevity
Life computation model has taken into account the influence of fatigue damage and static strength to remaining service life, improves and passes through nonlinear ultrasonic
The precision that car body service life is monitored.
Four, ultrasonic excitation and reception chip are mounted on monitoring region surface by the present invention, and guarantee ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14
Feeler is exposed outside, after train military service a period of time, can carry out non-linear ultrasonic to monitoring region without reinstalling
Wave detection can prevent from removing ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 and installing again causing test error caused by installation condition difference, so that super
The variation of sound wave nonlinear factor is only related with military service, improves the prediction accuracy of car body service life.Meanwhile in ultrasonic wave
Mask is installed above chip, influence of the coating paint to ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is can avoid, avoids introducing new test error.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that step of embodiment of the present invention F monitors the evaluation of region residue service life.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life, comprising the following steps:
A, production monitoring region duplication sample
The position for needing to be monitored on train body is determined according to the military service feature of bullet train, and according to original state
Difference will need the position being monitored to be divided into multiple monitoring regions, and the original state in each monitoring region is identical；System
Make duplication sample identical with each monitoring region original state, the duplication sample includes tensile sample and fatigue testing specimen；The prison
The original state for surveying region refers to that monitoring region is not on active service, undamaged state；
B, the relational database of load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More fatigue testing specimens are selected, the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle is carried out, and respectively to by different fatigue cycle
The fatigue testing specimen of fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is non-with ultrasonic wave to establish load fatigue damage according to testing result
The relational database of linear coefficient:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
C, the relational database of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More tensile samples are selected, different stress loading tests are carried out, and the stretching under different static strengths is tried respectively
Sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establishes the relation data of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor according to testing result
Library:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
D, remaining service life computation model is established
Remaining service life computation model are as follows:
Wherein,
N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
Y is remaining service life；
σ is the real-time static strength for monitoring region, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
It obtains ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and static strength and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires, unit N/mm2；
N is the tired cycle for monitoring region experience, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
It obtains ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and load fatigue damage and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires；
R is the yield limit Re, unit N/mm for monitoring region2；
A is coefficient of efficiency；A=1.15-1.2 in this example is determined according to many experiments.
E, ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is installed in monitoring region
Monitoring region is surface-treated, upper ultrasonic excitation is pasted after processing and receives chip, and above chip
Mask is installed, painting treatment then is carried out to the component where monitoring region, guarantees the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 installed after painting treatment
Feeler is exposed outside；
F, monitoring region residue service life evaluation
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of this example step F, as shown in Figure 1:
F1, train were on active service after a stage, and the non-linear ultrasonic wave device Connection Step E ultrasonic wave quarter wave plate 14 installed is used
Feeler carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, measures ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor s '；
F2, according to step C establish static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor relational database, obtain monitoring region
Static strength σ ', σ '=K (s ')；
F3, the remaining service life computation model established according to step D comment the remaining service life in monitoring region
It is fixed:
If σ ' >=R/a, remaining service life Y '=0 in region is monitored, component is reprocessed or scrapped；
If σ ' < R/a, the relational database with ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is damaged according to the load fatigue that step B is established,
Tired cycle n ', n '=F (s ') of monitoring region experience are obtained, and determines remaining service life Y ', Y '=N- in monitoring region
n′；
Wherein, N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；R is the yield limit Re, unit N/mm for monitoring region2；
A is coefficient of efficiency.
More fatigue testing specimens are selected in step B described in this example, carry out the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle, and right respectively
Fatigue testing specimen by different fatigue cycle fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is tired to establish load according to testing result
Strain wound and the specific method of the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are:
B1, fatigue testing specimen H root, fatigue testing specimen quantity H >=6 in this example are selected；First fatigue testing specimen carries out 0 cycle fatigue
Test, second fatigue testing specimen carry out 1* [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, and third root fatigue testing specimen carries out 2* [N/ (H-1)]
Cycle fatigue test ..., h root fatigue testing specimen carries out (h-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ..., H root
Fatigue testing specimen carries out (H-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, wherein N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
B2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the fatigue testing specimen Jing Guo fatigue test, note carries out h root fatigue testing specimen
The ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor that nonlinear ultrasonic detects is sh, then the H root by fatigue test that step B1 is obtained
Fatigue testing specimen carries out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detects to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively s1, s2, s3...,
sh... ..., sH；
B3, the relation data that load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established according to the testing result of step B2
Library:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Fatigue life when monitoring region is not on active service is obtained by fatigue test, for same monitoring region, fatigue examination
The stress ratio tested is identical with stress amplitude, and stress ratio is 0 in this example, and stress amplitude is the fatigue limit numerical value for monitoring region.
More tensile samples are selected in step C described in this example, carry out different stress loading tests, and respectively to different quiet
The tensile sample carried under intensity carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is non-linear with ultrasonic wave to establish static strength according to testing result
The specific method of the relational database of coefficient is:
C1, tensile sample G root, tensile sample quantity G >=6, the first tensile sample loading stress 0N/mm in this example are selected2,
Second tensile sample loading stress 1*R/ (G-1), third root tensile sample loading stress 2*R/ (G-1) ..., g root
Tensile sample loading stress (g-1) * R/ (G-1) ..., G root tensile sample loading stress (G-1) * R/ (G-1)；Wherein,
R is the yield limit Re, unit N/mm for monitoring region2；
C2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the tensile sample under static load state, note carries out g root tensile sample non-
The ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor that linear ultrasound detects is sg, then tensile sample under the static load state obtained to step C1
G root tensile sample carry out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detect to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively 81, s2, s3... ...,
sg... ..., sG；
C3, the relational database that static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are established according to the testing result of step C2:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Embodiment two
A kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life, comprising the following steps:
A, production monitoring region duplication sample
The position for needing to be monitored on train body is determined according to the military service feature of bullet train, and according to original state
Difference will need the position being monitored to be divided into multiple monitoring regions, and the original state in each monitoring region is identical；System
Make duplication sample identical with each monitoring region original state, the duplication sample includes tensile sample and fatigue testing specimen；The prison
The original state for surveying region refers to that monitoring region is not on active service, undamaged state；
B, the relational database of load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More fatigue testing specimens are selected, the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle is carried out, and respectively to by different fatigue cycle
The fatigue testing specimen of fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is non-with ultrasonic wave to establish load fatigue damage according to testing result
The relational database of linear coefficient:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
C, the relational database of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More tensile samples are selected, different stress loading tests are carried out, and the stretching under different static strengths is tried respectively
Sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establishes the relation data of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor according to testing result
Library:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
D, remaining service life computation model is established
Remaining service life computation model are as follows:
Wherein,
N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
Y is remaining service life；
σ is the real-time static strength for monitoring region, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
It obtains ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and static strength and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires, unit N/mm2；
N is the tired cycle for monitoring region experience, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, according to detection
It obtains ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and load fatigue damage and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires；
R is the elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2, unit N/mm2；
A is coefficient of efficiency；A=1.15-1.2 in this example is determined according to many experiments.
E, ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is installed in monitoring region
Monitoring region is surface-treated, upper ultrasonic excitation is pasted after processing and receives chip, and above chip
Mask is installed, painting treatment then is carried out to the component where monitoring region, guarantees the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 installed after painting treatment
Feeler is exposed outside；
F, monitoring region residue service life evaluation
F1, train were on active service after a stage, and the non-linear ultrasonic wave device Connection Step E ultrasonic wave quarter wave plate 14 installed is used
Feeler carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, measures ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor s '；
F2, according to step C establish static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor relational database, obtain monitoring region
Static strength σ ', σ '=K (s ')；
F3, the remaining service life computation model established according to step D comment the remaining service life in monitoring region
It is fixed:
If σ ' >=R/a, remaining service life Y '=0 in region is monitored, component is reprocessed or scrapped；
If σ ' < R/a, the relational database with ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is damaged according to the load fatigue that step B is established,
Tired cycle n ', n '=F (s ') of monitoring region experience are obtained, and determines remaining service life Y ', Y '=N- in monitoring region
n′；
Wherein, N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；R is the elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2, unit N/
mm2；A is coefficient of efficiency.
More fatigue testing specimens are selected in step B described in this example, carry out the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle, and right respectively
Fatigue testing specimen by different fatigue cycle fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is tired to establish load according to testing result
Strain wound and the specific method of the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are:
B1, fatigue testing specimen H root, fatigue testing specimen quantity H >=6 in this example are selected；First fatigue testing specimen carries out 0 cycle fatigue
Test, second fatigue testing specimen carry out 1* [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, and third root fatigue testing specimen carries out 2* [N/ (H-1)]
Cycle fatigue test ..., h root fatigue testing specimen carries out (h-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ..., H root
Fatigue testing specimen carries out (H-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, wherein N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
B2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the fatigue testing specimen Jing Guo fatigue test, note carries out h root fatigue testing specimen
The ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor that nonlinear ultrasonic detects is sh, then the H root by fatigue test that step B1 is obtained
Fatigue testing specimen carries out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detects to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively s1, s2, s3...,
sh... ..., sH；
B3, the relation data that load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established according to the testing result of step B2
Library:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Fatigue life when monitoring region is not on active service is obtained by fatigue test, for same monitoring region, fatigue examination
The stress ratio tested is identical with stress amplitude, and stress ratio is 0 in this example, and stress amplitude is the fatigue limit numerical value for monitoring region.
More tensile samples are selected in step C described in this example, carry out different stress loading tests, and respectively to different quiet
The tensile sample carried under intensity carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is non-linear with ultrasonic wave to establish static strength according to testing result
The specific method of the relational database of coefficient is:
C1, tensile sample G root, tensile sample quantity G >=6, the first tensile sample loading stress 0N/mm in this example are selected2,
Second tensile sample loading stress 1*R/ (G-1), third root tensile sample loading stress 2*R/ (G-1) ..., g root
Tensile sample loading stress (g-1) * R/ (G-1) ..., G root tensile sample loading stress (G-1) * R/ (G-1)；Wherein,
R is the elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2, unit N/mm2；
C2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the tensile sample under static load state, note carries out g root tensile sample non-
The ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor that linear ultrasound detects is sg, then tensile sample under the static load state obtained to step C1
G root tensile sample carry out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detect to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively s1, s2, s3... ...,
sg' ..., sG；
C3, the relational database that static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are established according to the testing result of step C2:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life, comprising the following steps:
A, production monitoring region duplication sample
The position for needing to be monitored on train body is determined according to the military service feature of bullet train, and according to original state difference
The position being monitored will be needed to be divided into multiple monitoring regions, the original state in each monitoring region is identical；Production with
The identical duplication sample of each monitoring region original state, the duplication poplar includes tensile sample and fatigue testing specimen；The monitoring section
The original state in domain refers to that monitoring region is not on active service, undamaged state；
B, the relational database of load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
More fatigue testing specimens are selected, the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle is carried out, and respectively to by different fatigue cycle fatigue
The fatigue testing specimen of test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, and it is non-linear with ultrasonic wave to establish load fatigue damage according to testing result
The relational database of coefficient:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
C, the relational database of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established
Select more tensile samples, carry out different stress loading tests, and respectively to the tensile sample under different static strengths into
The detection of row nonlinear ultrasonic, establishes the relational database of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor according to testing result:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor；
D, remaining service life computation model is established
Remaining service life computation model are as follows:
Wherein,
N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
Y is remaining service life；
σ is the real-time static strength for monitoring region, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, is obtained according to detection
The relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquires, unit N/mm2；
N is the tired cycle for monitoring region experience, by carrying out nonlinear ultrasonic detection to monitoring region, is obtained according to detection
Ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor and load fatigue damage and the relational database of ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor acquire；
R is the yield limit Re or elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2, unit N/mm2；
A is coefficient of efficiency；
E, ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 is installed in monitoring region
Monitoring region is surface-treated, upper ultrasonic excitation is pasted after processing and receives chip, and is installed above chip
Then mask carries out painting treatment to the component where monitoring region, guarantees the ultrasonic quarter wave plate 14 feeler installed after painting treatment
It is exposed outside；
F, monitoring region residue service life evaluation
F1, train were on active service after a stage, and the touching of the ultrasonic wave quarter wave plate 14 of non-linear ultrasonic wave device Connection Step E installation is used
Angle carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, measures ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor s '；
F2, according to step C establish static strength and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor relational database, obtain monitoring region it is quiet
Carry intensity σ ', σ '=K (s ')；
F3, the remaining service life computation model established according to step D evaluate the remaining service life in monitoring region:
If σ ' >=R/a, remaining service life Y '=0 in region is monitored, component is reprocessed or scrapped；
If σ ' < R/a, according to the relational database of step B the load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor established, supervised
Tired cycle n ', n '=F (s ') of region experience are surveyed, and determines remaining service life Y ', Y '=N-n ' in monitoring region；
Wherein, N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；R is the yield limit Re or elastic limit Rp for monitoring region0.2,
Unit N/mm2；A is coefficient of efficiency.
2. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: more fatigue testing specimens are selected in the step B, carry out the fatigue test of different fatigue cycle, and respectively to by different tired
The fatigue testing specimen of labor cycle fatigue test carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establishes load fatigue damage according to testing result and surpasses
The specific method of the relational database of sound wave nonlinear factor is:
B1, selection fatigue testing specimen H root, first fatigue testing specimen carry out 0 cycle fatigue test, and second fatigue testing specimen carries out 1*
[N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test, third root fatigue testing specimen carry out 2* [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ... ..., and h root is tired
Labor sample carries out (h-1) * [N/ (H-1)] cycle fatigue test ... ..., and H root fatigue testing specimen carries out (H-1) * [N/ (H-1)] week
Secondary fatigue test, wherein N is the fatigue life monitored when region is not on active service；
B2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the fatigue testing specimen Jing Guo fatigue test, note carries out h root fatigue testing specimen non-thread
Property the obtained ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor of ultrasound examination be sh, then the H root fatigue by fatigue test that step B1 is obtained
Sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detects to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively s1, s2, s3..., sh... ..., sH；
B3, the relational database that load fatigue damage and ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor is established according to the testing result of step B2:
N=F (s)
Wherein, n is tired cycle；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
3. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life according to claim 2, feature exist
In: fatigue testing specimen quantity H >=6 selected in the step B1.
4. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: more tensile samples are selected in the step C, carry out different stress loading tests, and respectively under different static strengths
Tensile sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic detection, establishes the relationship of static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor according to testing result
The specific method of database is:
C1, selection tensile sample G root, the first tensile sample loading stress 0N/mm2, second tensile sample loading stress 1*R/
(G-1), third root tensile sample loading stress 2*R/ (G-1) ... ..., g root tensile sample loading stress (g-1) * R/ (G-
1) ... ..., G root tensile sample loading stress (G-1) * R/ (G-1)；Wherein, R is the yield limit Re or elasticity for monitoring region
Limit Rp0.2, unit N/mm2；
C2, nonlinear ultrasonic detection is carried out to the tensile sample under static load state, note carries out g root tensile sample non-linear
The ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor that ultrasound examination obtains is sg, then the G of the tensile sample under the static load state obtained to step C1
Root tensile sample carries out nonlinear ultrasonic respectively and detects to obtain ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor to be respectively s1, s2, s3... ...,
sg... ..., sG；
C3, the relational database that static strength Yu ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor are established according to the testing result of step C2:
σ=K (s)
Wherein, σ is static strength；S is ultrasonic wave nonlinear factor.
5. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life according to claim 4, feature exist
In: tensile sample quantity G >=6 of the step C1 selection.
6. a kind of monitoring method of high-speed train body key position remaining life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the coefficient of efficiency a=1.15-1.2 in the residue service life computation model.
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