CN109441456B - Tunnel entering structure of weak and slippery stratum and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel entering structure of weak and slippery stratum and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109441456B CN109441456B CN201811540479.2A CN201811540479A CN109441456B CN 109441456 B CN109441456 B CN 109441456B CN 201811540479 A CN201811540479 A CN 201811540479A CN 109441456 B CN109441456 B CN 109441456B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/04—Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel hole entering structure of a weak and easy-to-slide stratum and a construction method thereof, wherein the tunnel hole entering structure comprises two rows of anchor piles arranged at a tunnel hole, joists arranged on each row of anchor piles, a cover body connected between the two joists, backfill earth and stone at the top of the cover body, and the anchor piles penetrate through surface soft rock of the hole and are embedded into lower bedrock; the construction method comprises the steps of constructing an anchor pile; after the anchored pile reaches the design strength, the joist is constructed, and after the joist construction is completed, the cover body is constructed; and backfilling the top of the cover body with backfill earth and stone after the cover body reaches the design strength. The anchoring pile passes through the surface soft rock and is embedded into the lower bedrock, so that the sliding force of side slopes at two sides can be effectively resisted, and the stratum strength is improved; the cover body is arranged at the opening, so that the problem that the construction safety of workers is affected due to the slope collapse of the opening is effectively solved; the top of the cover body is backfilled with earth and stones with different heights according to the range of the soft rock, so that back pressure is formed on the soft rock on the upward slope, and the stability of the upward slope and the side slope can be effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel entering structure of a weak and easily-sliding stratum and a construction method thereof.
Background
The weak and slippery stratum is a geological layer with a surface layer of soft rock and a lower layer of bedrock, and is generally located in mountain areas. Therefore, when the tunnel portal is positioned in the soft rock, the soft rock is easy to slip to cause engineering landslide under the action of external factors such as construction disturbance and surface rain infiltration and the like when the tunnel portal is in tunnel construction, and the safety construction of the tunnel is endangered.
Therefore, the tunnel portal design generally needs to brush the side elevation slope, and if no other reinforcement measures are adopted, the side elevation slope rate is slower, and the slope brushing range is larger. When the soft rock opening is constructed, the slope brushing range of the side elevation slope is large, a large empty face is formed after the side elevation slope is excavated, and the slope feet of the side elevation slope are unloaded; the upper layer of the soft rock is loose, the lower layer of the soft rock is compact, and surface water is easy to permeate and soften surrounding rock; the inner factor and the outer factor are combined, so that the side elevation slope is easily displaced along the weak layer surface, the side elevation slope is unstable, the tunnel entrance is difficult to construct, and the tunnel construction period is difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a tunnel entering structure of a weak and slippery stratum and a construction method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a tunnel of weak easy smooth stratum advances hole structure, includes two rows of anchor stake that are equipped with at the tunnel portal, the joist that all is equipped with on every row of anchor stake to and be connected with the lid between two joists, and the lid top is backfilled with backfill soil stone, anchor stake passes the surface layer soft rock of portal and imbeds lower floor's bedrock.
The tunnel entrance structure is wholly positioned at the outer side of a tunnel opening, is different from the existing open cut tunnel structure, guide wall structure and the like, and mainly plays a role in protection so as to ensure construction safety. Specifically, the anchoring piles penetrate through the surface soft rock and are embedded into the lower bedrock, so that the sliding force of the side slopes at two sides can be effectively resisted, and meanwhile, the stratum strength is improved; the cover body is arranged at the opening, so that the problem that the side elevation and slope collapse of the opening affects the construction safety of workers is effectively solved, and the construction safety is ensured; further, the top of the cover body is backfilled with soil and stones with different heights according to the range of the soft rock, so that back pressure is formed on the soft rock on the upward slope, and the stability of the upward slope and the side slope can be effectively ensured. The invention has the advantages of simple equipment, easy arrangement of sites, contribution to stabilizing weak and slippery stratum, reduction of construction risk and the like, and forms better economic benefit.
Preferably, the cover body is of an arch structure, at the moment, the size of the cover body can be approximately the same as that of the guide wall, and the cover body is directly connected with the guide wall to form an integral structure, so that the construction is convenient. Of course, the cover body can also be in other shapes, such as a groove shape, a rectangle shape and the like, and the material of the cover body is not limited, so long as the cover body can play a role of falling stone protection.
Preferably, the anchor pile, the joist and the cover body are all of reinforced concrete structures, and the connecting parts are connected through reinforcing steel bar stubbles, so that the construction is convenient, the connection strength is high, and the durability is good.
Preferably, the system also comprises a protection structure and a drainage system which are arranged on the upward slope and the side slope adjacent to the upward slope. The drainage system mainly comprises an earth surface intercepting drainage ditch, and the construction of the drainage system is firstly carried out, so that the influence of external factors on the stability of the soft rock of the side elevation slope of the hole is reduced. The protection structure comprises jet grouting piles, and/or anchor cable piles, and/or steel flower pipes, and/or a greenhouse, and can effectively stabilize the side elevation slope, and avoid the influence on the tunnel construction safety caused by unsteady and slump of the side elevation slope.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the tunnel entering structure of the weak and easy-to-slide stratum, which comprises the following steps:
step one: two rows of anchor piles are arranged at the tunnel portal, including pile hole excavation and protection, pile body steel bar manufacture and installation and pile body concrete pouring;
step two: after the anchoring piles reach the design strength, a joist is applied to the top of each row of anchoring piles, and after the joist construction is completed, a cover body is applied between the two joists;
step three: and backfilling backfill earth and stone at the top of the cover body after the cover body reaches the design strength.
According to the invention, the anchoring piles cut off the potential sliding surfaces, open cut tunnels and a method for backfilling and stabilizing the upward slope by back pressure are adopted, so that the stability of the easy-sliding body of the soft rock at the opening of the tunnel is ensured. The technology has high construction feasibility, can be realized by using conventional construction machines, and can save manpower and material resources effectively compared with the conventional excavation hole-entering mode in terms of construction. The technology effectively reduces the depth and the width of tunnel excavation, can reduce the land-marking area by about 40% compared with the traditional slope excavation, has controllable investment sum, and can effectively estimate the investment sum.
Preferably, before the first step, the surface intercepting drainage ditch is firstly constructed, and the jet grouting piles or anchor cable piles or steel flower pipes are constructed on the upward slope and/or the side slope, and penetrate through the surface soft rock and are embedded into the lower bedrock.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of constructing a guide wall and a greenhouse before backfilling the backfilling soil, wherein the foundation of the guide wall is arranged on the joist to prevent the guide wall from sinking, and after the construction of the guide wall is completed, the guide wall body is provided with holes to construct the advanced support of the greenhouse.
Preferably, the joist construction comprises joist template manufacture and installation, joist reinforcement manufacture and installation and joist concrete pouring; the cover body manufacturing comprises cover body template manufacturing and installation, cover body steel bar manufacturing and installation, and maintenance detection.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of excavating the tunnel section at the open cut tunnel opening in two steps, wherein the first step is to excavate to the elevation position of the pile top of the anchoring pile, and the second step is to excavate from the elevation position of the pile top of the anchoring pile to the elevation position of the bottom of the tunnel after the cover body is constructed. Therefore, the excavation height can be effectively controlled, the disturbance to the easily-sliding bottom layer is small, the excavation is small, and the safety and the reliability are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the hole entering structure has the beneficial effects that:
the anchoring pile passes through the surface soft rock and is embedded into the lower bedrock, so that the sliding force of side slopes at two sides can be effectively resisted, and the stratum strength is improved; the cover body is arranged at the opening, so that the problem that the side elevation and slope collapse of the opening affects the construction safety of workers is effectively solved, and the construction safety is ensured; further, the top of the cover body is backfilled with soil and stones with different heights according to the range of the soft rock, so that back pressure is formed on the soft rock on the upward slope, and the stability of the upward slope and the side slope can be effectively ensured. The invention has the advantages of simple equipment, easy arrangement of sites, contribution to stabilizing weak and slippery stratum, reduction of construction risk and the like, and forms better economic benefit.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the hole entering structure has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the anchoring piles cut off the potential sliding surfaces, open cut tunnels and a method for backfilling and stabilizing the upward slope by back pressure are adopted, so that the stability of the easy-sliding body of the soft rock at the opening of the tunnel is ensured. The technology has high construction feasibility, can be realized by using conventional construction machines, and can save manpower and material resources effectively compared with the conventional excavation hole-entering mode in terms of construction. The technology effectively reduces the depth and the width of tunnel excavation, can reduce the land-marking area by about 40% compared with the traditional slope excavation, has controllable investment sum, and can effectively estimate the investment sum.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tunnel entering structure (with backfill earth hidden) of a weak and slippery stratum according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tunnel entering structure (including a guide wall and a greenhouse) of a weak and slippery stratum according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the guide wall and the greenhouse according to the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1-anchor piles, 2-joists, 3-covers, 4-backfill earth and stones, 5-guide walls, 6-greenhouse, 7-tunnels, 01-upward slopes, 02-side slopes, 03-surface soft rocks and 04-lower bedrock.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and all techniques realized based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a tunnel hole entering structure of a weak and easy-to-slide stratum comprises two rows of anchor piles 1 arranged at a tunnel hole, joists 2 arranged on each row of anchor piles 1, and an arched cover body 3 connected between the two joists 2, wherein backfill earth and stones 4 are backfilled at the top of the cover body 3, and the anchor piles 1 penetrate through surface soft rocks 03 at the hole and are embedded into lower bedrock 04. The anchor pile 1, the joist 2 and the cover body 3 are all of reinforced concrete structures, and the connecting parts are connected through reinforced bar stubbles.
The protection structure is arranged on the upward slope 01 and the side slope 02, and specifically, the construction of the hole entering structure can be performed after the upward slope 01 and the side slope 02 are subjected to jet grouting pile reinforcement, so that the construction safety is ensured. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, in order to smoothly excavate the tunnel 7, the protection structure further comprises a guide wall 5 and a greenhouse 6 which are arranged at the light-dark junction of the tunnel 7, the function of advanced support is achieved, the foundation of the guide wall 5 is arranged on the joist 2, vertical counter force is provided for the guide wall 5, sedimentation is reduced, a open cut tunnel is immediately followed by the rear of the guide wall 5, horizontal counter force is provided for the guide wall 5, and outward extrusion displacement of the guide wall 5 is reduced.
In the construction process, the shape of the cover body 3 can be similar to that of the guide wall 5, the cover body 3 can be directly propped against the guide wall 5, or the cover body and the guide wall can be connected through reinforcing steel bars, and the cover body and the guide wall can be reproducibly cast into a whole. After the cover body 3 and the guide wall 5 are constructed, backfilling earth and concrete at the tops of the cover body 3 and the guide wall 5, wherein the backfilling earth and stone 4 forms back pressure on the upward soft rock, so that the upward stability can be effectively ensured.
Example 2
A construction method of a tunnel entering structure of a weak and slippery stratum comprises the following steps:
step one: the construction preparation comprises the construction of a surface intercepting drainage ditch so as to reduce the influence of external factors on the stability of the soft rock of the side slope of the opening, strengthen the side slope 01 and the side slope 02, and specifically, fix the surface soft rock 03 through jet grouting piles or steel pipe piles.
Step two: two rows of anchor piles 1 are applied to the ground surface of a tunnel portal, and the two rows of anchor piles comprise pile hole excavation and protection, pile body steel bar manufacturing and installation and pile body concrete pouring. The pile foundation adopts a bored pile with the diameter of 1.5m, the pile length is drawn according to the thickness of the surface soft rock 03, and the pile spacing is 4.5m. Soil nail wall protection is adopted between piles, soil nail walls are arranged between piles, C35 reinforced concrete is adopted for pouring the soil nail walls, the wall height is 3-4 m, 3 rows of soil nails are transversely adopted between piles, the transverse and vertical spacing is 1.0m, the drilling diameter of the soil nails is 32mm, the slope rate of the soil nail walls is 1:0.2, the included angle between the soil nails and the horizontal plane is 11.31 degrees, and the soil nails are 10m in length.
Step three: after the anchor piles 1 reach the design strength, respectively applying joists 2 at the top of each row of anchor piles 1, wherein the joist comprises joist template manufacture and installation, joist steel bar manufacture and installation, joist concrete pouring, the cross section size of the joists 2 is 1.5mx1.5m, each 8m section, a pile foundation outer cantilever 1m, and the joint part steel bars of the joists 2 and the anchor piles 1 are connected.
Step four: after the pile foundation joist 2 is constructed, a cover body 3 is constructed between the two joists 2, the cover body 3 adopts a reinforced concrete structure, the construction of the cover body 3 comprises the manufacture and the installation of a cover body template, the manufacture and the installation of cover body reinforcing steel bars, the maintenance and detection, the thickness of the cover body 3 is 80cm, and the cover body 3 is arranged on the joists 2 and is connected with stubbles at the reinforcing steel bars at the joint parts.
Step five: backfilling backfill soil and stone 4 and C20 concrete at the top of the cover body 3 after the cover body 3 reaches the design strength, and carrying out tunnel 7 upper half section hole digging construction after hole slope protection, back pressure and surface reinforcement construction are completed. And excavating a tunnel section at an open cut tunnel opening in two steps, wherein the first step is to excavate to the elevation position of the pile top of the anchoring pile 1 (similar to the upper step of the blind tunnel), and the second step is to excavate from the elevation position of the pile top of the anchoring pile 1 to the elevation position of the bottom of the tunnel (similar to the lower step of the blind tunnel). The excavation height can be effectively controlled by two-step excavation, the disturbance to the easy-to-slide bottom layer is small, and the excavation is small, safe and reliable.
The construction of the guide wall 5 and the greenhouse 6 can be carried out while the anchor pile 1, the joist 2 and the cover body 3 are constructed, the foundation of the guide wall 5 is arranged on the joist 2, the opening of the wall body of the guide wall 5 is constructed on the greenhouse 6 so as to play the role of advanced support, lay the foundation for the smooth excavation of the tunnel, and finally carry out earth and stone backfill on the guide wall and the cover body 3 so as to play the role of back pressure of the upward slope.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The tunnel hole entering structure of the weak and easy-to-slide stratum is characterized by comprising two rows of anchor piles (1) arranged at a tunnel hole, a protective structure arranged on a upward slope (01), joists (2) arranged on each row of anchor piles (1), a cover body (3) connected between the two joists (2), backfill earth and stone (4) backfilled at the top of the cover body (3), wherein the anchor piles (1) penetrate through surface soft rocks (03) at the hole and are embedded into lower bedrock (04); the protection structure comprises a jet grouting pile and/or an anchor cable pile and/or a steel pipe, and further comprises a guide wall (5) and a big pipe shed (6) which are arranged at the light-dark junction of a tunnel (7), wherein the guide wall (5) is arranged on the joist (2) in a foundation mode, and the rear of the guide wall (5) is closely attached to an open cut tunnel.
2. Tunnel entrance structure of a weak and slippery ground layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (3) is of arch structure.
3. The tunnel entering structure of the weak and easy-to-slide stratum according to claim 1, wherein the anchor pile (1), the joist (2) and the cover body (3) are all reinforced concrete structures, and the connection parts are connected through reinforced bar stubbles.
4. Tunnel-entering structure of a weak and slippery ground according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective structure is also provided on the side slope (02) adjacent to the elevation (01).
5. A construction method of a tunnel hole entering structure of a weak and slippery stratum, characterized in that the tunnel hole entering structure of the weak and slippery stratum as set forth in any one of claims 1-4 comprises the following steps: step one: two rows of anchor piles (1) are arranged at the tunnel portal, including pile hole excavation and protection, pile body steel bar manufacturing and installation and pile body concrete pouring; step two: after the anchoring piles (1) reach the design strength, constructing joists (2) at the top of each row of anchoring piles (1), and constructing a cover body (3) between the two joists (2) after the joists (2) are constructed; step three: and backfilling earth and stone (4) on the top of the cover body (3) after the cover body (3) reaches the design strength.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein before the first step, a surface intercepting drainage ditch is formed, and a jet grouting pile, an anchor pile or a steel pipe is formed on the upward slope (01) and/or the side slope (02), and the jet grouting pile, the anchor pile or the steel pipe penetrates through the surface soft rock (03) and is embedded into the lower bedrock (04).
7. The construction method of the tunnel entering structure of the weak and slippery stratum according to claim 5, wherein the construction method further comprises the steps of constructing a guide wall (5) and a greenhouse (6) before backfilling the backfill earth (4), wherein the foundation of the guide wall (5) is arranged on the joist (2), and the wall opening of the guide wall (5) is constructed as the greenhouse (6).
8. The method for constructing a tunnel boring structure for a weak and slippery ground layer according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising the step of excavating a tunnel section at an open cut tunnel opening in two steps, wherein the first step is to excavate to the elevation position of the pile top of the anchor pile (1), and the second step is to excavate from the elevation position of the pile top of the anchor pile (1) to the elevation position of the tunnel bottom.
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| CN201811540479.2A CN109441456B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Tunnel entering structure of weak and slippery stratum and construction method thereof |
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| CN201811540479.2A CN109441456B (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Tunnel entering structure of weak and slippery stratum and construction method thereof |
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| CN111305866A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-06-19 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Large karst cavity tunnel structure and construction method |
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| CN111305849A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 重庆渝高科技产业(集团)股份有限公司 | Construction method of anti-sinking shed tunnel structure for tunnel construction |
| CN112663625A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Construction and protection method for shallow-buried bias-pressure weak surrounding rock tunnel portal in alpine region |
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