CN109427170A

CN109427170A - Smoke alarm

Info

Publication number: CN109427170A
Application number: CN201710773232.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋龙; 徐奂; 黄康; 罗京宜; 任利
Original assignee: Siemens Schweiz AG
Current assignee: Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date: 2017-08-31
Filing date: 2017-08-31
Publication date: 2019-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2037-08-31
Also published as: CN109427170B

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of smoke alarms, it includes the first light-guiding shade (310) and the second light-guiding shade (320) for being respectively used to accommodate a light-emitting component (120) and a light receiving element (130), each light-guiding shade respectively has a light inlet window (311, 321), wherein, angle β between the light-emitting component (120) being placed in first light-guiding shade (310) and two optical axises for being placed in the light receiving element (130) in second light-guiding shade (320) is less than 90 °, and described two light inlet windows are located in the same plane perpendicular with plane where two optical axis.Scheme in the present invention can be eliminated effectively or weaken useless stray light, to improve detectivity.

Description

Smoke alarm

Technical field

This patent disclosure relates generally to the smoke alarms (Smoke Detector) more particularly to fire-fighting system in fire-fighting system One of scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke.

Background technique

Scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke is the detecting devices that fire-fighting domain generally uses.Scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke Fire behavior is detected to the scattering process of detection light using the particle in gas.The smoke temperature of temperature sensor is also combined in the market The scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke of combined type and the other kinds of combined type detection based on scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke Device.

It is generally desirable to smoke alarm sensitivity with higher, so as to report fire alarm as soon as possible, prompt live people Member withdraws in time.It is provided in existing standard GB/T 4715-2005, the minimum response threshold value Th of photoelectricity smoke alarm is not Less than 0.05dB/m.The threshold value is to be increased in testing photoelectronic smoke alarm performance in test smoke box with certain concentration Test smog is added in rate, and the smog at that time measured in detector alarm issues the dough softening of light to a standard sources Numerical value.Threshold value Th has reacted the concentration in detector alarm moment cigarette, and alarm threshold value is smaller, illustrates cigarette when alarm Concentration it is lower, that is, the sensitivity of smoke alarm is higher.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the schematic diagram of a typical optical detector of fire smoke.Optical detector of fire smoke is usual It is mounted on indoor roof, is installed at upside down position.Fig. 1 is the interior of the optical detector of fire smoke 100 for being mounted on roof The bottom view of portion's structure.The optical detector of fire smoke 100 is a forward scattering type photoelectric smoke from detection cavity side into cigarette Detector.As shown in Figure 1, optical detector of fire smoke 100 includes that the light of light-emitting component 120, one of detection cavity 110, one connects Receive element 130.Light-emitting component 120 is, for example, infrared light-emitting diode or the light emitting diode of its all band.Light receiving element 130 be, for example, photodiode or other photosensitive elements.The side of the detection cavity 110 is equipped with smoke inlet.Optical detector of fire smoke Position and its particle 10 nearby floated can be entered in detection cavity 110 by the opening.Here, there is fire When, particle 10 includes the aerosol (aerosol) by multiphase material composition that burning generates, and generally includes Combustible Materials Or large quantity of air, imperfect combustion liquid, solid phase decomposition product and small that the gas-phase combustion product that generates of burning, volume inspiration are gone Particle.This gas and particle when there is fire generation also may be collectively referred to as fire hazard aerosol fog or fire smoke, wherein fire cigarette Particle in mist is obvious to the dispersion effect of light.

In Fig. 1, the angle α between light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 is greater than 90 ° and less than 180 °.Shine member The emergent light 20 that part 120 issues is detected the scattering of the particle in chamber 110, and scattering light 30 therein can be incident on light receiving element On 130.As can be seen, the angle scattered between light 30 and emergent light 20 is generally also α > 90 °, this structure be referred to as before to Diffusing structure.

The scattering formula optical detector of fire smoke in Chinese market is higher because its sensitivity is arranged at present, and is easy to lesser Disturbance is lower to generate wrong report fire alarm.For this purpose, the fire-fighting domain management organization of China proposes in the recent period: appropriateness being needed to improve minimum response Threshold value, such as improve generally an order of magnitude.If minimum response threshold value is increased to about 0.2~0.4dB/m, such as Fig. 1 institute This simple forward scattering type optical detector of fire smoke shown is just difficult to meet all test requirements documents of national standard.

To solve the above-mentioned problems, it also proposed a kind of Back optical detector of fire smoke in this field, such as Fig. 2 institute Show.It is different from the optical detector of fire smoke of Fig. 1, in optical detector of fire smoke 200 shown in Fig. 2, light-emitting component 120 and light Angle β between receiving element 130 is less than 90 °.The emergent light 20 that light-emitting component 120 issues is detected the particle in chamber 110 and dissipates It penetrates, scattering light 40 therein can be incident on light receiving element 130.Scattering light 40 is generally along the side opposite with emergent light 20 Angle to traveling and between emergent light 20 is also β less than 90 °.It is event, scattering light 40 is referred to as backward (reversed) scattering light. Structure shown in Fig. 2 is also referred to as back scattering structure.Back scattering is with higher to certain smog sensitive relative to forward scattering Degree, but the signal strength of rear orientation light is relatively weak on the whole, the requirement to signal-to-noise ratio is higher, for this purpose, back scattering It is needed in formula smoke alarm equipped with the good optical texture of extinction effect (also referred to as labyrinth structure), it is spuious to absorb or eliminate Light and the signal strength for improving scattering light simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, proposing a kind of smoke alarm in the embodiment of the present invention, can have for Smoke Detection opposite Higher minimum response threshold value.

The smoke alarm proposed in the present embodiment, including a detection cavity, that the smoke alarm nearby floats Grain is able to enter the detection cavity, at least one light-emitting component and a light receiving element being placed in the detection cavity, wherein institute Stating smoke alarm further comprises:

One the first light-guiding shade is located in the detection cavity and has first light inlet window, first light-guiding shade Suitable for accommodating first light-emitting component, so that the emergent ray of first light-emitting component can pass through described first thoroughly Optical window invests the particle in the detection cavity；

One the second light-guiding shade is located in the detection cavity and has second light inlet window, second light-guiding shade Suitable for accommodating the light receiving element, so that the light receiving element can be received across second light inlet window injection Light；

Wherein, first light inlet window is in the same plane with second light inlet window, and

The light-emitting component being placed in first light-guiding shade and the light-receiving being placed in second light-guiding shade Angle β between two optical axises of element is less than 90 °, and plane where two optical axis is perpendicular to first light inlet window and institute State the plane at the common place of the second light inlet window.

As it can be seen that by the light-guiding shade of setting light-emitting component and the light-guiding shade of light receiving element in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be with Guiding is carried out to useful light and intensity is reinforced, useless stray light is blocked and eliminated.Also, by making receiving pair It answers the light-emitting component of back scattering and the light inlet window of the light-guiding shade of light receiving element to be in the same plane, can avoid the member that shines The light that part is launched directly passes through the receiving plane that two light inlet windows enter light receiving element, to can avoid without cigarette The receiving plane that light after the scattering of mist particle enters light receiving element interferes detection result.

In one embodiment, first light-emitting component that is placed in first light-guiding shade and it is placed in described second Two optical axis crosspoints of the light receiving element in light-guiding shade shine to the light-emitting component in first light-guiding shade The distance a on surface, in addition being connect from the optical axis crosspoint to the light for the light receiving element being placed in second light-guiding shade Receive identity distance from the sum of b less than 36 millimeters, preferably smaller than 32 millimeters.As it can be seen that since transmitting light is from launching to being scattered back The total distance come is limited in a preferably range, therefore the detectivity and detecting area of smoke alarm can be improved The light intensity in domain.

In one embodiment, first light-emitting component that is placed in first light-guiding shade and it is placed in described second The optical axis crosspoint of the light receiving element in light-guiding shade is compared with the geometric center point of the detection cavity towards described first Light-guiding shade and the offset of the second light-guiding shade side, it is further preferable that offset distance h is greater than 4 millimeters.It is possible thereby to reduce trimmed book floors With improve detector directionality, to further increase the detectivity of smoke alarm.

In one embodiment, first light-emitting component being placed in first light-guiding shade and be placed in second leaded light Two optical axis included angle β=50 °~70 ° of the light receiving element in cover, preferably β=60 °.β=50 °~70 ° are to smog The optimal angular range of detectivity.Moreover, above-mentioned optical axis included angle Structural assignments is selected to be easy, can guarantee to tie Ensure not interfere between all parts while structure is compact.

It is further preferable that the optical axis for the light receiving element being placed in second light-guiding shade and second light inlet window Angle ω=55 °~65 ° between the plane at place；Where the optical axis of first light-emitting component and first light inlet window Plane between angle theta=180 °-β-ω, wherein β indicates two optical axis included angle, and it is guide-lighting that ω expression is placed in described second The angle of plane where the optical axis of the light receiving element in cover and second light inlet window.Structure in the present embodiment is set Meter can equally reduce the stray light into the second light-guiding shade, and can increase the scattering light intensity into the second light-guiding shade.

In one embodiment, the smoke alarm further includes a mask, at least covers described second and leads The top of light shield, to prevent light from entering the light receiving element at the top of second light-guiding shade.

In one embodiment, the side of the luminous of first light-emitting component is corresponded in first light-guiding shade It is provided with the first matt structure, and/or, the side of the reception optical channel of the light receiving element is corresponded in second light-guiding shade Face is provided with the second matt structure.Setting matt structure is absorbable in optical channel or reduction is irradiated on the side wall of the optical channel Undesirable light or stray light.Preferably, the matt structure has hackly surface.This structure, which may make, to be irradiated to The light of optical channel side is eliminated or weakens through multiple reflections.

In one embodiment, the detection cavity further includes intracavitary matt structure, is arranged in detection cavity towards institute In the circumferential zones for stating the first light-guiding shade and the second light-guiding shade.The intracavitary matt structure can be irradiated to detection cavity to light-emitting component Light on wall is absorbed and is eliminated, and avoids light from being directly reflected into the receiving plane for receiving optical element, so as to further Eliminate the stray light for entering and receiving optical element receiving plane.

Wherein, the intracavitary matt structure includes the multiple bending gussets for radially extending and circumferentially arranging, described curved Gusset orientation is rolled over change in location.The light that this structure design can be irradiated to light-emitting component in detection cavity wall carries out multiple Reflection-absorption and elimination.

In one embodiment, the smoke alarm also has a labyrinth lid, and the labyrinth capping is to the spy That surveys chamber is provided with one towards the gusset extended in the detection cavity on one side, the gusset towards first light-guiding shade and The side of second light-guiding shade is bent, and the preferably described gusset is in V-shape.Structure design can be to the cigarette/air-flow for entering detection cavity It is oriented to, to make cigarette flow to search coverage as early as possible, to improve the particulate efficiency into detection cavity, improves cigarette sense detection The detectivity of device.

In one embodiment, from the light-emitting area for first light-emitting component being placed in first light-guiding shade to The area ratio of the distance f of first light inlet window and first light inlet window is 1~1.1；And/or from being placed in described second Distance e and second light inlet window of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element in light-guiding shade to second light inlet window Area ratio is 0.4~0.5 or about 1.The structure design can further improve smoke alarm detectivity and The light intensity of search coverage, and can reduce into the stray light in the second light-guiding shade.

In one embodiment, the smoke alarm further include: a third light-guiding shade is located at the detection cavity It is interior and have a third light inlet window, the third light-guiding shade be suitable for accommodate or installation one the second light-emitting component so that institute The optical axis included angle α for the light receiving element stating the second light-emitting component and being placed in the second light-guiding shade is greater than 90 °；And it is described Second light-emitting component can pass through the particle throw light of the third light inlet window into the detection cavity.Pass through setting It can accommodate or install the first guide housing of the first light-emitting component and can accommodate or install the third guiding of the second light-emitting component Cover, it can be achieved that forward scattering+back scattering smoke alarm, so as to improve the detectivity of smoke alarm with And the light intensity of search coverage.

In one embodiment, it second light-emitting component that is placed in third light-guiding shade and is placed in the second light-guiding shade The light receiving element optical axis crosspoint to second light-emitting component light-emitting area distance c, in addition from the light Axis crosspoint is to the sum of the light receiving surface distance d for the light receiving element being placed in the second light-guiding shade less than 49 millimeters.It can See, due to the second light-emitting component transmitting light from launching to being scattered back come total distance be also limited to one it is more excellent Range, therefore the detectivity of smoke alarm and the light intensity of search coverage can be improved.

In one embodiment, it is placed in the optical axis and described the of second light-emitting component in the third light-guiding shade Angle η=50 °~90 ° between plane where three light inlet windows, more preferably 50 ° -70 °；The design of this structure can equally subtract Enter the stray light of the second light-guiding shade less, and the scattering light intensity into the second light-guiding shade can be increased.

From the light-emitting area for second light-emitting component being placed in the third light-guiding shade to the third light inlet window The area ratio of distance g and the third light inlet window is 1~1.1.The structure designs the spy that can further improve smoke alarm The light intensity of sensitivity and search coverage is surveyed, and can be reduced into the stray light in the second light-guiding shade.

In one embodiment, first light-guiding shade also has a shading protrusion, and setting is saturating described first Between optical window and second light inlet window, to prevent the light being shot out from first light inlet window from entering directly into described Two light inlet windows, to be further reduced into the stray light for receiving optical element receiving plane.

In one embodiment, the third light-guiding shade is in the third light inlet window close to the one of second light inlet window Side is provided with the first shading extension, be arranged to the light for preventing from projecting away from the third light inlet window directly into Enter second light inlet window, to be further reduced into the stray light for receiving optical element receiving plane.

In one embodiment, the marginal point far from the light receiving element of the third light inlet window, described first The top of shading extension and second light inlet window are located at same straight line far from the marginal point of second light-emitting component On.Structure design can prevent the light projected away from the third light inlet window to be directly entered second light inlet window, from And it is further reduced into the stray light for receiving optical element receiving plane.

In one embodiment, second matt structure of second light-guiding shade has a ligh trap portion, position In close to second light inlet window and in the region of second light-emitting component, the ligh trap portion has at least one recessed It falls into, the cup depth is greater than the other parts of second matt structure.Structure design can further shine to by second The light that element issues, reflects through detection cavity side wall, is then passed through the light being irradiated to after the second optical transmission window at the channel side wall Reflection elimination is carried out, light interference is carried out to the light receiving element in the second light-guiding shade to avoid it.

In one embodiment, the smoke alarm is jacking cigarette formula smoke alarm.This structure makes particle It is easy to pass in and out in detector by the top of smoke alarm, and it is cumulative (such as long-pending to carry out aggregation in labyrinth part Ash), to reduce the dust influence local to detection, and jacking cigarette mode has better direction compared with side is into cigarette mode Property.

In one embodiment, first light-emitting component and/or second light-emitting component are the luminous member of two waveband Part.It is different that this application can make full use of the sensitivity that different wave length scatters smog, and improves the smoke detection of detector Performance and accuracy, to further increase the overall performance of smoke alarm.

In one embodiment, first light-guiding shade and second light-guiding shade are integrally formed part.The design knot Structure is simple, and easy to process, and reduces installation procedure.

Detailed description of the invention

Below will detailed description of the present invention preferred embodiment by referring to accompanying drawing, make those skilled in the art more Clear above and other feature and advantage of the invention, in attached drawing:

Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic structure of traditional forward scattering type smoke alarm.

Fig. 2 shows a kind of schematic structures of traditional Back smoke alarm.

Fig. 3 to Figure 17 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of smoke alarm in the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein:

Fig. 3 is the assembling schematic diagram of smoke alarm in an embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the arrangement schematic diagram of optical assembly in detection cavity shown in Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is the angle schematic diagram for the optical assembly installed in the first and second light-guiding shades shown in Fig. 3；Fig. 6 A and figure 6B is the structural schematic diagram of the first light-guiding shade and the second light-guiding shade in an embodiment；

Fig. 7 is the schematic view of the mounting position of mask in an embodiment；

Fig. 8 is optical assembly schematic diagram at a distance from optical axes crosspoint in an embodiment；

Fig. 9 is the positional diagram in an embodiment between light inlet window and optical assembly；

Figure 10 is the size schematic diagram of the first light inlet window and the second light inlet window in an embodiment；

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of search coverage in an embodiment；

Figure 12 is the position view of the first light-guiding shade and the second light-guiding shade in labyrinth part in an embodiment；

Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B are the partial structure diagram of labyrinth part in an embodiment；

Figure 14 is the position view of smoke alarm when being installed to the top of space such as ceiling in an embodiment；

Figure 15 is the partial sectional view of smoke alarm in an embodiment；

Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B are the structural schematic diagram of labyrinth lid in an embodiment；

Figure 16 C is the opposite of a gusset covering of labyrinth and the first light-guiding shade and the second light-guiding shade in the embodiment Positional diagram；

Figure 17 is the luminous schematic diagram of two waveband light-emitting component in an embodiment.

Figure 18 to Figure 30 is the structural schematic diagram of another smoke alarm in the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein:

Figure 18 is the assembling schematic diagram of smoke alarm in an embodiment；

Figure 19 is the position view in plane where optical assembly shown in Figure 18；

Figure 20 is the angle schematic diagram for the optical assembly installed in the first, second, and third light-guiding shade shown in Figure 18；

Figure 21 A and 21B are the structural schematic diagram of first~third light-guiding shade in an embodiment；

Figure 22 is optical assembly schematic diagram at a distance from optical axes crosspoint in an embodiment；

Figure 23 is the positional diagram in an embodiment between light inlet window and optical assembly；

Figure 24 is the size signal of the first light inlet window, third light inlet window and the second light inlet window in an embodiment Figure；

Figure 25 is the schematic diagram of search coverage in an embodiment；

Figure 26 is the position of the first light-guiding shade, third light-guiding shade and the second light-guiding shade in labyrinth part in an embodiment Set schematic diagram；

Figure 27 and Figure 28 is the partial structure diagram of labyrinth part in an embodiment；

Figure 29 is the schematic view of the mounting position of indicator light in an embodiment；

Figure 30 is luminous schematic diagram when the second light-emitting component is two waveband light-emitting component in an embodiment.

Wherein, appended drawing reference is as follows:

Specific embodiment

To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, by the following examples to of the invention further detailed It describes in detail bright.

Herein, " schematic " expression " serving as examplea, instances, or illustrations " should not will be described herein as " showing Any diagram, the embodiment of meaning property " are construed to technical solution that is a kind of preferred or more having advantages.

To make simplified form, part related to the present invention is only schematically shown in each figure, they are not represented Its practical structures as product.In addition, there is identical structure or function in some figures to be easy to understand simplified form Component, only symbolically depict one of those, or only marked one of those.

Herein, "one" not only indicates " only this ", can also indicate the situation of " more than one ".In addition, Herein, " first ", " second " etc. are only used for mutual differentiation, rather than indicate their significance level and sequence etc..

In order to enhance by detection cavity smoke particle scattering and be ultimately incident upon light receiving element scattering light it is strong Stray light is spent and absorbs or eliminate, the present inventor considers there is at least one light-emitting component and a light-receiving member In the detection cavity of the smoke alarm of part, the light-guiding shade of light-emitting component and the light-guiding shade of light receiving element are set, for useful Light carries out guiding and intensity is reinforced, and useless stray light is blocked and eliminated.Smoke alarm in the present invention can be with It for Back or forward scattering type or may be that front and back scatters formula.

To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, by the following examples to of the invention further detailed It describes in detail bright.Identical label indicates that structure is identical or structure is similar but the identical component of function in the various figures.For the sake of simplicity, Hereinafter mentioned " smoke alarm " refers to detect fire hazard aerosol fog to the scattered quantum of light as in a manner of fire detection, Namely it is at least partially based on the detector of photovoltaic detection fire hazard aerosol fog.

First kind embodiment: back scattering

Fig. 3 to Figure 17 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of smoke alarm in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 3 is an embodiment The assembling schematic diagram of middle smoke alarm.As shown in figure 3, the smoke alarm 300 can include: a light-emitting component 120, one The labyrinth lid of labyrinth part 340, one of the second light-guiding shade 320, one of the first light-guiding shade 310, one of a light receiving element 130, one 350。

In the example in figure 3, smoke alarm 300 further includes a top cover 372 and a bottom cover 374, and the two fastening can Protection is provided for detector 300.Detector 300 further includes a circuit board 380, and the bottom of labyrinth part 340 is located at after assembling On face (surface opposite with light-guiding shade 310,320 place surfaces), for providing circuit part for smoke alarm.Detector 300 may also include a light guide 360, be mounted in labyrinth part 340, for (not showing alarm lamp on circuit board Light out) is directed to top cover 372, so that user is visible.

In smoke alarm shown in Fig. 3, after labyrinth part 340 and the assembly of labyrinth lid 350 (such as fastening each other), at it Between formed a detection cavity 110.In the example of Fig. 3, smoke alarm 300 uses horizontal or horizontal cigarette sense detection mode. Specifically, being respectively placed in the light-emitting component 120 in the first and second light-guiding shades shown in the rough schematic view provided such as Fig. 4 The plane that the optical axis of optical axis and light receiving element 130 is constituted is parallel to the 341 place plane of chassis of labyrinth part 340.

Detection cavity 110 is configured to so that the smoke particle that the smoke alarm nearby floats is detected into the labyrinth In chamber 110.In the present invention, it is preferred to which smog is from the top of detection cavity 110, i.e., across labyrinth, lid enters in detection cavity.

Fig. 5 is the optical axis included angle schematic diagram for the optical assembly installed in the first and second light-guiding shades shown in Fig. 3.Shine member Part 120 is suitable for being contained in the first light-guiding shade 310, and light receiving element 130 is suitable for being contained in the second light-guiding shade 320.Such as Fig. 5 Shown, the optical axis included angle β of the light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 that are placed in light-guiding shade is less than 90 °, that is, constitutes such as Back structure shown in Fig. 2.Specifically, in order to improve be ultimately incident upon light receiving element 130 scattering light it is strong Degree, it is preferable to which the position of the first and second light-guiding shades is set, so that the light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element that are placed in one 130 optical axis included angle β=50 °~70 °, are more preferably set as about β=60 °.β=50 °~70 ° are the spies to smog Survey the optimal angular range of sensitivity.Moreover, above-mentioned optical axis included angle Structural assignments is selected to be easy, it can guarantee that structure is tight Ensure not interfere between all parts while gathering.

Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B are the structural schematic diagram of the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 in an embodiment. As shown in Figure 6 A and 6 B, the first light-guiding shade 310 has the first light inlet window 311 and luminous 312, first light-guiding shade 310 It is arranged in detection cavity 110, is suitable for accommodating or installation light-emitting component 120, and enables the emergent ray of light-emitting component 120 It is projected in detection cavity 110 across luminous 312 and the first light inlet window 311.

Second light-guiding shade 320 has the second light inlet window 321 and receives optical channel 322, which is also provided with In detection cavity 110, suitable for accommodating or installing above-mentioned light receiving element 130, and light receiving element 130 is received and is come From the scattering light of detection cavity 110, these scattering lights can pass through the second light inlet window 321 and receive optical channel 322 and be incident on On the optical receiving surface of light receiving element 130.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 A and 6B, the first light inlet window 311 is in the same plane with the second light inlet window 321, It is located at perpendicular to plane where 130 optical axis of light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element.In this way, light-emitting component 120 is saturating from first The light that optical window 311 is gone out will not directly enter the receiving plane of light receiving element 130 by the second light inlet window 321, so as to The receiving plane for avoiding the light after scattering without smoke particle from entering light receiving element 130 interferes detection result, i.e., in fact Show and useless stray light has been blocked.Further, it is preferable that a shading protrusion can be also set on the first light-guiding shade 310 (not shown) is arranged between the first light inlet window 311 and second light inlet window 321, to further prevent from described The light that first light inlet window 311 is shot out enters directly into the second light inlet window 321.

As shown in Figure 6B, in one embodiment, the luminous of light-emitting component 120 is corresponded in the first light-guiding shade 310 312 at least one side is provided with the first matt structure 313.The reception of light receiving element 130 is corresponded in second light-guiding shade 320 At least one side of optical channel 322 is provided with the second matt structure 323.Preferably, the first matt structure 313 and second disappears Photo structure 323 can have a hackly surface, and this structure can carry out the light for being irradiated to optical channel side absorbing and multiple Reflection is eliminated.It can absorb or reduces by the first matt structure 313 of setting and the second matt structure 323 and be irradiated to optical channel side Wall and the undesirable light or stray light reflected by channel side wall.As it can be seen that the structure setting can further eliminate stray light.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 are arranged in which can be integrated molding On one surface of labyrinth part 340.Preferably, the first and second light-guiding shades and labyrinth part 340 are integrally formed.Optionally, first Light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 are also possible to by the element independently of labyrinth part 340, even discrete component, is mounted on In labyrinth part 340.In different embodiments, the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 can be set according to the actual situation It is set to various shape.

Fig. 7 is the schematic view of the mounting position of mask 330 more preferably in embodiment.As shown in fig. 7, mask 330 settings are on the second light-guiding shade 320 (accommodating light receiving element 130 in the second light-guiding shade 320).Mask 330 can be A part of two light-guiding shades 320 is also possible to the independent component that can be coupled with the second light-guiding shade 320.Mask 330 The top of the second light-guiding shade 320 is at least covered, or can also further cover the side of the second light-guiding shade 320, for preventing not Light after smoke particle scatters enters the reception of light receiving element 130 from the top of the second light-guiding shade 320 even side Face.Certainly, in other alternative embodiments, can also there is no mask 330.

Fig. 8 is two optical assembly schematic diagrames at a distance from optical axes crosspoint in another preferred embodiment.As shown in figure 8, In one embodiment, it is assumed that the optical axis crosspoint of light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 is O1, from light-emitting component The distance of 120 light-emitting area (i.e. luminescence chip position) to optical axis crosspoint O1 are a, from optical axis crosspoint O1 to light The distance of the light receiving surface of receiving element 130 is b.The present inventor proposes that the size of distance a and the sum of distance b can be right The sensitivity of cigarette sense detection and the light intensity value of search coverage have a significant impact.In order to improve the detection spirit of smoke alarm The light intensity of sensitivity and search coverage, in the present embodiment, the sum of distance a and distance b are less than 36mm.For example, it is settable away from It is 10~15mm from a, distance b is 8~12mm, and distance a in this way is plus the sum of distance b preferably 18~27mm.As it can be seen that due to Emit the total distance that light is coming from launching to being scattered back and be limited in a preferably range, therefore cigarette sense spy can be improved Survey the detectivity of device and the light intensity of search coverage.

Fig. 9 is the positional diagram in another embodiment between light inlet window and optical assembly.As shown in figure 9, In one embodiment, the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting component 120 in the first light-guiding shade 310 to the first light inlet window 311 away from It is S1 from the area for f, the first light inlet window 311.The light receiving surface of 320 light receiving element 130 is to second in second light-guiding shade The distance of light inlet window 321 is e, and the area of the second light inlet window 321 is S2.In order to improve the detectivity of smoke alarm with And the light intensity of search coverage, in the present embodiment, set the ratio between distance f and the area S1 of the first light inlet window 311 to about 1~1.1.The ratio between distance e and the area S2 of the second light inlet window 321 are set as about 0.4~0.5.Such setting, which can compare, to be had Improve the sensitivity of cigarette sense detection and the light intensity value of search coverage in effect ground.In the present invention, light receiving element can have The concordant optical cover in end a, it is possible to have end is the optical cover of arch.For the latter, optical receiving surface is separate Second light inlet window, thus the ratio between area S2 of above-mentioned distance e and the second light inlet window 321 is about 1.

For example, Figure 10 is the size of the first light inlet window 311 and the second light inlet window 321 in yet another embodiment Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 10, if 8 square millimeters of the area At ≈ of the first light inlet window 311 of setting, the second light inlet window 321 of setting 8.5 square millimeters of area Ar ≈, then the distance f of the light-emitting area of settable light-emitting component 120 to the first light inlet window 311 is 7.0 ~8.5 millimeters, the light receiving surface of settable light receiving element 130 to distance e=3.5~4.5 millimeter of the second light inlet window 321.

In Fig. 9, in order to further increase the detectivity of smoke alarm and the light intensity of search coverage, may be used also The optical axis for being further placed in the light receiving element 130 in the second light-guiding shade 320 and the plane where the second light inlet window 321 Between angle ω=55 °~65 °, and the plane where the optical axis of settable light-emitting component 120 and the first light inlet window 311 it Between angle theta=180 °-β-ω, wherein β indicates that two optical axis included angle, ω indicate that the light being placed in the second light-guiding shade 320 connects Receive the angle of element 130 and 321 place plane of the second light inlet window.

Figure 11 for search coverage in another preferred embodiment schematic diagram.As shown in figure 11, in an embodiment In, in order to further increase the detectivity of smoke alarm and the light intensity of search coverage, can also be arranged rationally Light-emitting component 120 transmitting angle of scatteringWith the light acceptance angle γ of light receiving element 130.For example, in one example, can set Set the transmitting angle of scattering of light-emitting component 12055 °~70 ° of the light acceptance angle γ ≈ of light receiving element 130.From And biggish search coverage as shown in Figure 10 can be obtained.

Figure 12 is the first light-guiding shade 310 in another preferred embodiment and the second light-guiding shade 320 in labyrinth part 340 Position view.As shown in figure 12, in one embodiment, it the light-emitting component 120 that is placed in the first light-guiding shade 310 and sets In the optical axis crosspoint of the light receiving element 130 in the second light-guiding shade 320 be O1.The optical axis crosspoint O1 and detection cavity 110 Geometric center point is compared to be deviated towards the first light-guiding shade 310 and 320 side of the second light-guiding shade, it is further preferable that offset distance h can Greater than 4 millimeters, such as preferred 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.2mm, 6mm etc..Thus, it is possible to reduce trimmed book floors and improve detector Directionality, to further increase the detectivity of smoke alarm.Here directionality refers to that cigarette is each around detector The variation of detectivity when direction enters detection cavity.If sensitivity has apparent correlation, the side of showing with cigarette approach axis Tropism is poor；If detectivity independent of direction, surface direction is good, and directivity index is better closer to 1 directionality.

Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B for labyrinth part 340 in another preferred embodiment partial structure diagram.Such as Figure 13 A With shown in Figure 13 B, in one embodiment, smoke alarm 300 further comprises intracavitary matt structure 390, position In in labyrinth part 340 and the circumferential zones towards the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 being arranged in detection cavity 110 It is interior.The light that intracavitary matt structure 390 can be injected into light-emitting component on 110 wall of detection cavity is absorbed and is eliminated, and light is avoided Line is directly reflected into the receiving plane for receiving optical element 130, so as to further eliminate into reception 130 receiving plane of optical element Stray light.Intracavitary matt structure 390 can be set as different structures according to the actual situation, be also possible to such as Figure 13 A and figure It is arranged to the multiple bending gussets 391 for radially extending and circumferentially arranging, the orientation of the bending gusset 391 shown in 13B With change in location.The light that the design of this structure can be irradiated to light-emitting component in detection cavity wall carry out multiple reflection-absorption and It eliminates.Intracavitary matt structure 390 can be integrally formed in labyrinth part 340, i.e., be integrally formed with labyrinth part 340；Alternatively, can also To be the independent component being fixed in labyrinth part 340.

As shown in Figure 13 B, the radius R for the Inner arc that the inside endpoint of multiple bending gussets 391 collectively forms, each bending The bending angle μ of gusset 391, angle, θ and each bending muscle between each bending gusset 391 and 110 radial direction of detection cavity Wedge angle angle ο of the inside endpoint of plate 391 etc. can be arranged according to the actual situation.For example, settable the multiple curved Radius R=15~the 24mm for the Inner arc that the inside endpoint of folding gusset 391 collectively forms, the bending angle of each bending gusset 391 μ=130 °~170 ° are spent, each bending gusset 391 is arranged to angle, θ=4 °~25 ° between 110 radial direction of detection cavity, often Wedge angle angle ο=25 °~35 ° of the inside endpoint of a bending gusset 361.

Figure 14 is the position view of smoke alarm when being installed to the top of space such as ceiling.Figure 15 is an embodiment party The partial sectional view of smoke alarm in formula.In conjunction with shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, in one embodiment, smoke alarm 300 It can be jacking cigarette formula smoke alarm, i.e., smoke particle 10 passes through the hole 351 on labyrinth lid 350 from the top of detection cavity 110 Into.Because smoke particle 10 is easy to through cigarette sense for the smoke alarm for being mounted on the top of space such as ceiling In the top disengaging detector 110 of detector 300, and it is cumulative that aggregation will not be carried out in labyrinth part 340.Jacking is used as a result, Cigarette advantageously reduces that dust is accumulative in detection cavity, while reducing influence of the dust to detection background, and jacking cigarette mode with Side is compared into cigarette mode has better directionality.

Figure 16 A and Figure 16 B are the structural schematic diagram of labyrinth lid 350 in an embodiment, and Figure 16 C is on labyrinth lid 350 A gusset and the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320 relative positional relationship schematic diagram.Such as Figure 16 A to Figure 16 C Shown, labyrinth lid 350 is being provided with one towards the gusset 352 extended in detection cavity 110 towards detection cavity 110 on one side, should Gusset 352 is bent towards the side of the first light-guiding shade 310 and the second light-guiding shade 320, and preferably the gusset 352 is substantially in V word Type, it is however preferred to have a flat V-shape.The angle of the V-shape can be configured according to the actual situation, such as settable It is 120 °.Structure design can be oriented to the cigarette/air-flow for entering detection cavity, so that cigarette flows to search coverage as early as possible, from And the particulate efficiency for entering detection cavity is improved, improve the detectivity of smoke alarm.

Figure 17 is the luminous schematic diagram of two waveband light-emitting component 120 in an embodiment.As shown in figure 17, in a reality It applies in mode, two waveband light-emitting component, such as two wave bands of feux rouges and blue light can be used in light-emitting component 120.Light-emitting component 120 When using two waveband light-emitting component, can this application to can make full use of the sensitivity that different wave length scatters smog different, And the smoke detection performance and accuracy of detector are improved, to further increase the overall performance of smoke alarm.

Pass through the experiment to the back scattering smoke alarm in above-mentioned first kind embodiment, it is found that above-mentioned backward The detectivity of scattering smoke alarm can achieve greater than 0.3dB/m, directionality 1.1, less than 10 units of background values Count value.

Second class embodiment: forward scattering+back scattering

Figure 18 to Figure 30 is the structural schematic diagram of another smoke alarm in the embodiment of the present invention.Figure 18 is an implementation The assembling schematic diagram of smoke alarm in mode.As shown in figure 18, the smoke alarm 400 is real compared to the first kind shown in Fig. 3 A light-emitting component 410 of the smoke alarm more than 300 in example and a third light-guiding shade 420 are applied, i.e., includes in the present embodiment Two light-emitting components.For ease of description, in the present embodiment, two light-emitting components are referred to as 120 He of the first light-emitting component Second light-emitting component 410.Correspondingly, the luminous 312 on the first light-guiding shade 310 can be described as the first luminous 312.

In the present embodiment, horizontal or horizontal cigarette sense detection mode is equally can be used in smoke alarm 400.It is specific and Speech, shown in the rough schematic view provided such as Figure 19, the first light-emitting component for being respectively placed in first, third and the second light-guiding shade The plane that the optical axis of 120 optical axis, the optical axis of the second light-emitting component 410 and light receiving element 130 is constituted is parallel to labyrinth part 340 341 place plane of chassis.

Figure 20 is the angle schematic diagram for the optical assembly installed in first, third and the second light-guiding shade shown in Figure 18.Such as Shown in Figure 20, the optical axis included angle β of the first light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 is less than 90 °, that is, Back knot Structure, it is consistent with Fig. 6.Second light-emitting component 410 is suitable for being contained in third light-guiding shade 420, and light receiving element 130 Optical axis included angle α is greater than 90 °, that is, constitutes forward scattering type structure as shown in Figure 1, the two collectively form forward scattering+after To scattering formula structure.Specifically, in order to improve the intensity of the scattering light for being ultimately incident upon light receiving element 130, in addition to as the Description is preferably set up except the position of the first and second light-guiding shades in a kind of embodiment, and third leaded light can also preferentially be arranged The position of cover 420.In addition to may make the optical axis included angle β of the first light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 that are placed in one= Also may make except 50 °~70 °, in the present embodiment the optical axis included angle α of the second light-emitting component 410 and light receiving element 130= 110 °~140 °, more preferentially α=120 °.

Figure 21 A and Figure 21 B are the structural schematic diagram of the first, second, and third light-guiding shade in an embodiment.Such as Figure 21 A With shown in Figure 21 B, the structure of the first and second light-guiding shades is consistent in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B, and details are not described herein again.Third is guide-lighting Cover 420 has third light inlet window 421 and the second luminous 422, which is arranged in detection cavity 110, fits In accommodating or installing the second light-emitting component 410, so that the emergent ray of the second light-emitting component 410 can pass through above-mentioned shine Channel 422 and third light inlet window 421 project in detection cavity 110.

In the present embodiment, third light-guiding shade 320 is also possible to be arranged in labyrinth part 340 with being integrally formed.Preferably, First, second, and third light-guiding shade and labyrinth part 340 are integrally formed.Optionally, the first, second, and third light-guiding shade can also be with Be by the element independently of labyrinth part 340, even discrete component, is mounted in labyrinth part 340.In different embodiments, One, second and third light-guiding shade can be arranged to various shape according to the actual situation.

In the present embodiment, in addition to the first light inlet window 311 as described in first kind embodiment and the second light inlet window 321 Except being in the same plane, third light-guiding shade 420 can also be in third light inlet window 421 close to the side of the second light inlet window 321 Be provided with the first shading extension 423, be arranged to the light for preventing from projecting away from third light inlet window 421 directly into Enter the second light inlet window 321.Preferably, marginal point, the first shading of the separate light receiving element 130 of third light inlet window 421 can be enabled The top of extension 423 and the second light inlet window 321 are located along the same line far from the marginal point of the second light-emitting component 410.This In embodiment, it is further preferred that a shading protrusion 314 can also be arranged on the first light-guiding shade 310, it is arranged first Between light inlet window 311 and second light inlet window 321, to further prevent the light being shot out from first light inlet window 311 Enter directly into the second light inlet window 321.By above structure, the light after the avoidable scattering without smoke particle enters light and connects The receiving plane for receiving element 130, interferes detection result, that is, realizes and block to useless stray light.

As illustrated in fig. 21b, in addition to can preferably be set in the first light-guiding shade 310 as described in first kind embodiment The first matt structure 313 is set also preferably to lead in third in the second light-guiding shade 320 except the second matt structure 323 of setting Third matt structure 424 is arranged at least one side of the luminous 422 of corresponding second light-emitting component 410 in light shield 420. Preferably, the first matt structure 313, the second matt structure 323 and third matt structure 424 can have hackly surface, this Structure can carry out absorbing to the light for being irradiated to optical channel side and multiple reflection is eliminated.Delustring knot is set in these optical channels Structure is absorbable or reduces undesirable light or the stray light being irradiated on the side wall of the optical channel.

In addition, the second matt structure 323 in the second light-guiding shade 320 can also have a ligh trap portion 3231, it is located at and leans on In the region of nearly second light inlet window 321 and close second light-emitting component 410, the ligh trap portion 3231 is recessed at least one, The depth of the recess is greater than the other parts of the second matt structure 323.The design in the ligh trap portion further can absorb or weaken Issued by the second light-emitting component 410, through the reflection of detection chamber inner sidewall, be then passed through the second optical transmission window and be irradiated to the channel side wall Undesirable spurious rays at region, so that these spurious rays be avoided to enter light receiving element.

In the present embodiment, the mounting means of mask 330 can be the same as unanimously, details are not described herein again in Fig. 7.

Figure 22 is three optical assembly schematic diagrames at a distance from optical axes crosspoint in another preferred embodiment.Such as Figure 22 institute Show, it is assumed that the optical axis crosspoint of the first light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 is O1 (referring to Fig. 8), the second light-emitting component 410 and light receiving element 130 optical axis crosspoint be O2.It is further assumed that (i.e. from the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting component 120 Luminescence chip position) distance of optical axis crosspoint O1 is arrived for a (referring to Fig. 8), from optical axis crosspoint O1 to light receiving element The distance of 130 light receiving surface is b (referring to Fig. 8).Assume that (shine core from the light-emitting area of the second light-emitting component 410 simultaneously Piece position) distance of optical axis crosspoint O2 is arrived for c, from optical axis crosspoint O2 to the light receiving surface of light receiving element 130 Distance is d.In this way, in addition to the sum of settable distance a and distance b as described in first kind embodiment be less than 36mm it Outside, the sum of also settable distance c and distance d is less than 49 millimeters.For example, distance b is in addition to settable distance a is 10~15mm 8~12mm, also settable distance c are 15~20mm, and distance d is 7~12mm, and distance a in this way is preferably plus the sum of distance b 18~27mm, distance c are plus the sum of distance d preferably 22~32mm.

Figure 23 is the positional diagram in yet another embodiment between light inlet window and each optical assembly.Such as Figure 23 institute Show, the light-emitting area (i.e. luminescence chip position) of the first light-emitting component 120 in the first light-guiding shade 310 to the first light transmission The distance of window 311 is f (referring to Fig. 9), and the area of the first light inlet window 311 is S1.320 light receiving element in second light-guiding shade The distance of 130 light receiving surface to the second light inlet window 321 is e, and the area of the second light inlet window 321 is S2.In third light-guiding shade The distance of light-emitting area (i.e. luminescence chip position) to the third light inlet window 421 of the second light-emitting component 410 in 420 is G, the area of third light inlet window 421 are S3.In addition to the settable distance as described in first kind embodiment in the present embodiment The ratio between area S1 of f and the first light inlet window 311 is 1~1.1, and setting the ratio between distance e and the area S2 of the second light inlet window 321 are Except 0.4~0.5 or about 1, the ratio between area S3 of also settable distance g and third light inlet window is 1~1.1.

For example, Figure 24 is the first light inlet window 311, third light inlet window 421 and the second light transmission in another embodiment The size schematic diagram of window 321.As shown in figure 24, if the setting as described in first kind embodiment in the present embodiment 8 square millimeters of the area At ≈ of one light inlet window 311 is arranged 8.5 square millimeters of the area Ar ≈ of the second light inlet window 321, then can set Set 8 square millimeters of the area At ≈ of third light inlet window 421.Correspondingly, in addition to that can be set as described in first kind embodiment The distance f for setting light-emitting area to the first light inlet window 311 of the first light-emitting component 120 is 7.0~8.5 millimeters, setting light-receiving member Except the light receiving surface of part 130 to distance e=3.5~4.5 millimeter of the second light inlet window 321, also settable second light-emitting component The distance g of 410 light-emitting area to third light inlet window 421 is 7.0~8.5 millimeters.

In Figure 23, it is placed in the second light-guiding shade 320 in addition to can further be arranged as described in first kind embodiment The optical axis of light receiving element 130 and the plane where the second light inlet window 321 between angle ω=55 °~65 °, and can set It sets except the angle theta=180 °-β-ω between the optical axis of the first light-emitting component 120 and the plane where the first light inlet window 311, Angle η=50 ° between the optical axis of the second light-emitting component 410 and the plane where third light inlet window 421 may further be provided ~90 °.For example, more preferably settable η=50 °~70 °.Wherein β indicates the first light-emitting component 120 and light receiving element 130 two optical axis included angles.

Figure 25 is the schematic diagram of search coverage in an embodiment.As shown in figure 25, in addition to can be as first kind embodiment Described in order to further increase the detectivity of smoke alarm and the light intensity of search coverage, settable conjunction The transmitting angle of scattering of first light-emitting component 120 of reasonIt is also settable reasonable except the light acceptance angle γ of light receiving element 130 The second light-emitting component 410 transmitting angle of scattering ε.For example, in one example, the transmitting of settable first light-emitting component 120 Angle of scattering55 °~70 ° of the light acceptance angle γ ≈ of receiving element 130, the transmitting scattering of the second light-emitting component 410 10 °~15 ° of angle ε ≈.To which biggish search coverage as shown in Figure 24 can be obtained.

Figure 26 is the first light-guiding shade 310, third light-guiding shade 420 and the second light-guiding shade 320 in another preferred embodiment Position view in labyrinth part 340.As shown in figure 26, equally first can be placed in as described in first kind embodiment The optical axis crosspoint of the first light-emitting component 120 and the light receiving element 130 being placed in the second light-guiding shade 320 in light-guiding shade 310 O1 is deviated compared with the geometric center point of detection cavity 110 towards the first light-guiding shade 310 and 320 side of the second light-guiding shade, is more highly preferred to Ground, offset distance h can be greater than 4 millimeters, such as preferred 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.2mm, 6mm etc..It can reduce in this way and be irradiated to detection cavity Stray light in 110.

Figure 27 and Figure 28 is the partial structure diagram of labyrinth part 340 in an embodiment.Such as Figure 27 and Figure 28 institute Show, in one embodiment, smoke alarm 300 further comprises intracavitary matt structure 390, is located at labyrinth part On 340 and the circumferential direction towards the first light-guiding shade 310, the second light-guiding shade 320 and third light-guiding shade 420 is set in detection cavity 110 In region.Intracavitary matt structure 390 can be set as different structures according to the actual situation, be also possible to such as Figure 27 and Figure 28 institute The multiple bending gussets 391 that is arranged to radially extend and circumferentially arrange shown, the orientation of the bending gusset 391 is with position Variation.Intracavitary matt structure 390 can be integrally formed in labyrinth part 340, i.e., be integrally formed with labyrinth part 340；Alternatively, can also To be the independent component being fixed in labyrinth part 340.

As shown in figure 28, the radius R for the Inner arc that the inside endpoint of multiple bending gussets 391 collectively forms, each bending The bending angle μ of gusset 391, angle, θ and each bending muscle between each bending gusset 391 and 110 radial direction of detection cavity Wedge angle angle ο of the inside endpoint of plate 391 etc. can be arranged according to the actual situation.For example, settable the multiple curved Radius R=15.0~the 24mm for the Inner arc that the inside endpoint of folding gusset 391 collectively forms, the bending of each bending gusset 391 Angle μ=130 °~170 °, each bending gusset 391 are arranged to angle, θ=4 °~25 ° between 110 radial direction of detection cavity, Wedge angle angle ο=25 °~35 ° of the inside endpoint of each bending gusset 391.

Figure 29 is the schematic view of the mounting position of light guide 360 in an embodiment.As shown in figure 29, light guide 360 can Any region in tetra- regions A, B, C, D of installation in the example shown, because this four regions are not belonging to the first light-emitting component 120, in the search coverage of the second light-emitting component 410 and light receiving element 130, so as to avoid caused by light guide 360 Influence of the stray light to smoke alarm.Light guide 360 is arranged in region a in the example shown in Figure 29.

Figure 30 is the schematic diagram that the second light-emitting component 410 is two waveband light-emitting component in an embodiment.Such as Figure 30 institute Show, in addition to can be as described in first kind embodiment, the first light-emitting component 120 be can be used except two waveband light-emitting component, and Two waveband light-emitting component, such as two wave bands of feux rouges and blue light can also be used in two light emitting 410.It is sent out by using two waveband It is different to can make full use of the sensitivity that different wave length scatters smog for optical element, and improves the smoke detection performance of detector And accuracy, to further increase the overall performance of smoke alarm.

In addition, the smoke alarm 400 in the present embodiment equally can be jacking cigarette formula smoke alarm, it is no longer superfluous herein It states.

Third class embodiment: forward scattering

The structure of smoke alarm in such embodiment can be with the structure one of the smoke alarm in the second class embodiment It causes, the first light-emitting component 120 therein is not installed only.

Optionally, if only needing forward scattering structure, the knot of the first light-guiding shade 310 in Figure 18-30 can also be removed Structure, and be reserved only to accommodate the second light-guiding shade of light receiving element 320, and the third for accommodating the second light-emitting component 410 The structure of light-guiding shade 420.

In addition, only describing the present invention, structure proposed by the present invention by taking horizontal cigarette sense detection as an example in above embodiments It can also completely or partially be applied in rectilinear cigarette sense detecting structure.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. smoke alarm, including a detection cavity (110), the particle that the smoke alarm nearby floats is able to enter the spy Survey chamber, at least one light-emitting component (120) being placed in the detection cavity and a light receiving element (130), which is characterized in that institute Stating smoke alarm further comprises:

One the first light-guiding shade (310) is located in the detection cavity (110) and has first light inlet window (311), described First light-guiding shade (310) is suitable for accommodating first light-emitting component (120), so that first light-emitting component (120) goes out Penetrating light can be across the particle in first light inlet window (311) the trend of purchasing detection cavity (110)；

One the second light-guiding shade (320) is located in the detection cavity (110) and has second light inlet window (321), described Second light-guiding shade (320) is suitable for accommodating the light receiving element (130), so that the light receiving element (130) can receive The light injected across second light inlet window (321)；

Wherein, first light inlet window (311) is in the same plane with second light inlet window (321), and

It the light-emitting component (120) that is placed in first light-guiding shade (310) and is placed in second light-guiding shade (320) Angle β between two optical axises of the light receiving element (130) is less than 90 °, and plane where two optical axis is perpendicular to described Plane where first light inlet window (311) and second light inlet window (321) are common.

2. smoke alarm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the institute being placed in first light-guiding shade (310) Two optical axises for stating the first light-emitting component (120) and the light receiving element (130) being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) are handed over Crunode (O1) arrives the distance a of the light-emitting area of the light-emitting component (120) in first light-guiding shade (310), in addition from institute State optical axis crosspoint (O1) to the light receiving element (130) being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) light receiving surface away from From the sum of b less than 36 millimeters, preferably smaller than 32 millimeters.

3. any smoke alarm in -2 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be placed in first light-guiding shade (310) first light-emitting component (120) in and the light receiving element being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) (130) optical axis crosspoint (O1) is compared with the geometric center point of the detection cavity (110) towards first light-guiding shade (310) It is deviated with the second light-guiding shade (320) side, it is further preferable that offset distance h is greater than 4 millimeters.

4. any smoke alarm according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described to be placed in first leaded light Cover the two of the first light-emitting component (120) in (310) and the light receiving element (130) being placed in the second light-guiding shade (320) Optical axis included angle β=50 °~70 °,

It is further preferable that the optical axis and described second for the light receiving element (130) being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) Angle ω=55 °~65 ° between plane where light inlet window (321)；The optical axis of first light-emitting component (120) with it is described Angle theta=180 °-β-the ω between plane where first light inlet window (311), wherein β indicates two optical axis included angle, ω table Plane where showing the light receiving element (130) being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) and second light inlet window (321) Angle.

5. smoke alarm described in -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smoke alarm further includes a masking It covers (330), covers the top of second light-guiding shade (320), at least to prevent light from second light-guiding shade (320) Top enters the light receiving element (130).

6. any smoke alarm in -5 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The side that the luminous (312) of first light-emitting component (120) is corresponded in first light-guiding shade (310) is provided with First matt structure (313), and/or,

The side that the reception optical channel (322) of the light receiving element (130) is corresponded in second light-guiding shade (320) is provided with Second matt structure (323),

Preferably, the matt structure (313,323) has hackly surface.

7. any smoke alarm in -6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include intracavitary matt structure (390), setting circumferential zones towards first light-guiding shade (310) and the second light-guiding shade (320) in detection cavity (110) It is interior；

Wherein, the intracavitary matt structure (390) includes the multiple bending gussets (391) for radially extending and circumferentially arranging, The bending gusset orientation is with change in location.

8. any smoke alarm in -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smoke alarm also has one A labyrinth lid (350), the labyrinth lid (350) are provided with one towards the detection towards the detection cavity (110) on one side The gusset (351) extended in chamber (110), the gusset (351) is towards first light-guiding shade (310) and the second light-guiding shade (320) side bending, the preferably described gusset (351) are in V-shape.

9. any smoke alarm in -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

Thoroughly from the light-emitting area for first light-emitting component (120) being placed in first light-guiding shade (310) to described first The area ratio of the distance f of optical window (311) and first light inlet window (311) is 1~1.1；And/or

From the light receiving surface for the light receiving element (130) being placed in second light-guiding shade (320) to second light transmission The area ratio of the distance e of window (321) and second light inlet window (321) is 0.4~0.5 or about 1.

10. any smoke alarm in -9 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smoke alarm further include:

One third light-guiding shade (420) is located in the detection cavity (110) and has a third light inlet window (421), described Third light-guiding shade (420) is suitable for accommodating or one the second light-emitting component (410) of installation, so that second light-emitting component (410) and the optical axis included angle α of the light receiving element (130) that is placed in the second light-guiding shade (320) is greater than 90 °；And it is described Second light-emitting component (130) can be projected by the particle in third light inlet window (421) the Xiang Suoshu detection cavity (110) Light.

11. smoke alarm according to claim 10, which is characterized in that be placed in described in third light-guiding shade (420) The optical axis crosspoint (O2) of second light-emitting component (410) and the light receiving element (130) being placed in the second light-guiding shade (320) To the distance c of the light-emitting area of second light-emitting component (410), in addition being led from the optical axis crosspoint (O2) to being placed in second The sum of light receiving surface distance d of the light receiving element (130) in light shield (320) is less than 49 millimeters.

12. any smoke alarm in 0-11 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be placed in the third light-guiding shade (420) angle between the optical axis of second light-emitting component (410) in and the plane where the third light inlet window (421) η=50 °~90 °, more preferably 50 ° -70 °；And/or

It is saturating to the third from the light-emitting area for second light-emitting component (410) being placed in the third light-guiding shade (420) The area ratio of the distance g of optical window (421) and the third light inlet window (421) is 1~1.1.

13. any smoke alarm in 0-12 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

First light-guiding shade (310) also have a shading protrusion (314), setting first light inlet window (311) with It is described to prevent the light being shot out from first light inlet window (311) from entering directly between second light inlet window (321) Second light inlet window (321).

14. any smoke alarm in 0-13 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that

The third light-guiding shade (420) is arranged in the third light inlet window (421) close to the side of second light inlet window (321) There is the first shading extension (423), it is direct to be arranged to the light for preventing from projecting away from the third light inlet window (421) Into second light inlet window (321).

15. smoke alarm according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the separate institute of the third light inlet window (421) State the marginal point of light receiving element (130), the top of the first shading extension (423) and second light inlet window (321) marginal point far from second light-emitting component (410) is located along the same line.

16. any smoke alarm in 0-15 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second light-guiding shade (320) Second matt structure (323) there is a ligh trap portion (3231), be located at close to second light inlet window (321) and leaning on In the region of nearly second light-emitting component (410), the ligh trap portion (3231) is at least one recess, the cup depth Greater than the other parts of second matt structure (323).

17. any smoke alarm in -15 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the smoke alarm is jacking Cigarette formula smoke alarm.

18. any smoke alarm in -16 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first light-emitting component (120) and/or second light-emitting component (410) is two waveband light-emitting component.

19. smoke alarm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first light-guiding shade (310) and described second Light-guiding shade (320) is integrally formed part.