Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of spherex and its preparation method and application, the starch
The advantages that microballoon has equally distributed polydispersity, and microballoon hardness is high, low in cost.
First aspect present invention provides a kind of spherex, and based on parts by weight, the raw material of the spherex includes such as
Lower component: 100 parts of deionized waters, 1~20 part of starch, 10~50 parts of triethanolamines, 0.105~14.6 part of epoxychloropropane, 200
~1000 parts of alkane derivatives, 8~250 parts of emulsifiers, 0.05~10 part of zwitterionic surfactant, 0.5~200 part of nothing
Machine salting liquid, wherein inorganic salts solute accounts for 0.025~50 part, 200~1000 parts of organic solvent.
In above-mentioned spherex, based on parts by weight, the raw material of the amphoteric ion spherex includes following component:
100 parts of deionized waters, 5~15 parts of starch, 20~40 parts of triethanolamines, 1.04~7.8 parts of epoxychloropropane, 300~500 parts of alkane
Hydrocarbon compound, 30~100 parts of emulsifiers, 1~6 part of zwitterionic surfactant, 50~150 parts of inorganic salt solutions, wherein
Inorganic salts solute accounts for 0.5~30 part, 300~500 parts of organic solvent.
In above-mentioned spherex, the size tunable range of the spherex is 0.1~500 μm, the spherex grain
In partial size integrated distribution section, (wherein, partial size integrated distribution section is defined as removing outside both ends partial size boundary diameter, partial size point
The continuum of cloth proportion >=90%, from the point of view of grain size distribution, partial size integrated distribution section is exactly that particle diameter distribution is in
The region of near linear distribution, does not include the region with obvious inflection point at both ends) the interior polydispersity being evenly distributed, it is described
Particle diameter distribution in partial size integrated distribution section, which has the feature that, is divided into n section for partial size integrated distribution section, each
The microballoon accounting in section are as follows:, wherein n is the integer greater than 1.
In above-mentioned spherex, the starch is green starch, tapioca, sweet potato starch, starch from sweet potato, potato
One or more of starch, wheat starch, water caltrop starch, Rhizoma Nelumbinis starch, cornstarch, preferably cornstarch and/or potato
Starch.
In above-mentioned spherex, its structure of the zwitterionic surfactant is as follows:,
Wherein: integer of the n between 2-6, preferably n are 3 or 4;R is the carbochain of carbon number 1-18, and preferably R is the carbochain of carbon number 12-18.
The carbochain is saturated carbon chains, can be linear chain or branched chain.Substituted hydroxyl, amino or carboxylic can be contained by (removing end group carbon) in carbochain
Base is only on the same carbon monosubstituted.The zwitterionic surfactant is specifically as follows dimethyl dodecyl base sulphur third
Base ammonium salt, dimethyl hexadecyl base sulfoethyl ammonium salt, dimethyl stearyl sulphur butyl ammonium salt, dimethyl (3- hydroxydodecanoic
Base) sulfopropyl ammonium salt, one or more of dimethyl (6- amino myristyl) sulfoethyl ammonium salt.
In above-mentioned spherex, the alkane derivative is saturated alkane, can be alkane and/or cycloalkane,
The alkane, cycloalkane can be halogenated alkane, be specifically as follows n-hexane, normal heptane, normal octane, decane, positive 12
Alkane, isohexane, isoheptane, isooctane, different ten alkane, Permethyl 99A, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, chloroform,
One of chloropentane, chlorohexane, chloro-octane, chlorododecane are a variety of.
In above-mentioned spherex, the emulsifier can be anionic surfactant, specially detergent alkylate
One or more of sodium sulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cetyl phenyl-hydrogen-sulfate sodium;It can also
Think nonionic surface active agent, specially Span20, Span40, Span60, Span80, Tween20, Tween40,
One or more of Tween60, Tween80.
In above-mentioned spherex, the inorganic salts be soluble inorganic salt, the inorganic salts be sodium salt, sylvite, ammonium salt,
One of calcium salt, magnesium salts are a variety of, when the inorganic salts are sodium salt, specially sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium sulphate, sulfurous
One of sour sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium nitrate, sodium phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate, sodium metasilicate are a variety of;When the inorganic salts
When for sylvite, specially potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfite, potassium carbonate, saleratus, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, phosphorus
Potassium hydrogen phthalate, potassium silicate it is one or more;When the inorganic salts be ammonium salt when, specially ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium nitrate one
Kind is a variety of;When the inorganic salts are calcium salt, specially calcium chloride or calcium bromide;When the inorganic salts are magnesium salts, specifically
For magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate it is one or more.
In above-mentioned spherex, the organic solvent be dehydrated alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone,
One or more of dimethylbenzene, n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate and/or dehydrated alcohol.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned spherex, and the preparation method includes in following
Hold:
(1) it weighs a certain amount of starch to be added to the water, a certain amount of triethanolamine is then added, mixed at 20~80 DEG C equal
It is even, it adds epoxychloropropane and is reacted;
(2) zwitterionic surfactant is added in the feed liquid obtained to step (1), is uniformly mixed, obtains water phase A;
(3) a certain amount of alkane derivative is weighed, emulsifier is then added, is uniformly mixed to after being completely dissolved and obtains oily phase B;
(4) under the conditions of 30~60 DEG C, the water phase A that step (2) the obtains and oily phase B that step (3) obtains is uniformly mixed, then
Inorganic salt solution and epoxychloropropane are slowly at the uniform velocity added into mixed liquor, is finished to inorganic salt solution and epoxychloropropane addition
The reaction was continued afterwards, is demulsified after the reaction was completed and removes upper oil phase, obtains microballoon after then washed, dry.
In the method for the present invention, based on parts by weight, the deionized water, starch, triethanolamine, epoxychloropropane, alkane
Class compound, emulsifier, zwitterionic surfactant, inorganic salt solution, solvent dosage be respectively as follows: 100 parts of deionized waters,
1~20 part of starch, 10~50 parts of triethanolamines, 0.105~14.6 part of epoxychloropropane, 200~1000 parts of alkane derivatives,
8~250 parts of emulsifiers, 0.05~10 part of zwitterionic surfactant, 0.5~200 part of inorganic salt solution, wherein inorganic salts are molten
Matter accounts for 0.025~50 part, 200~1000 parts of organic solvent;Preferably 100 parts of deionized waters, 5~15 parts of starch, 20~40 parts
Triethanolamine, 1.04~7.8 parts of epoxychloropropane, 300~500 parts of alkane derivatives, 30~100 parts of emulsifiers, 1~6 part
Zwitterionic surfactant, 50~150 parts of inorganic salt solutions, wherein inorganic salts solute accounts for 0.5~30 part, organic solvent 300
~500 parts.
In the method for the present invention, starch as described in step (1) is green starch, tapioca, sweet potato starch, sweet potato shallow lake
One or more of powder, potato starch, wheat starch, water caltrop starch, Rhizoma Nelumbinis starch, cornstarch, preferably cornstarch and/
Or potato starch.
In the method for the present invention, reaction temperature described in step (1) is 30~60 DEG C;Reaction time is 0.5~4h, preferably
1~3h.
In the method for the present invention, the reaction time is 0.5~4h, preferably 1~3h in step (1).
In the method for the present invention, its structure of zwitterionic surfactant described in step (2) is as follows:,
Wherein: integer of the n between 2-6, preferably n are 3 or 4;R is the carbochain of carbon number 1-18, and preferably R is the carbochain of carbon number 12-18.
The carbochain is saturated carbon chains, can be linear chain or branched chain.Substituted hydroxyl, amino or carboxylic can be contained by (removing end group carbon) in carbochain
Base is only on the same carbon monosubstituted.The zwitterionic surfactant is specifically as follows dimethyl dodecyl base sulphur third
Base ammonium salt, dimethyl hexadecyl base sulfoethyl ammonium salt, dimethyl stearyl sulphur butyl ammonium salt, dimethyl (3- hydroxydodecanoic
Base) sulfopropyl ammonium salt, one or more of dimethyl (6- amino myristyl) sulfoethyl ammonium salt.
In the method for the present invention, alkane derivative described in step (3) be saturated alkane, can be alkane and/or
Cycloalkane, the alkane, cycloalkane can be halogenated alkane, be specifically as follows n-hexane, normal heptane, normal octane, decane,
N-dodecane, isohexane, isoheptane, isooctane, different ten alkane, Permethyl 99A, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, three
One of chloromethanes, chloropentane, chlorohexane, chloro-octane, chlorododecane are a variety of.
In the method for the present invention, emulsifier described in step (3) can be anionic surfactant, specially 12
One of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cetyl phenyl-hydrogen-sulfate sodium are several
Kind;May be nonionic surface active agent, specially Span20, Span40, Span60, Span80, Tween20,
One or more of Tween40, Tween60, Tween80.
In the method for the present invention, inorganic salts described in step (4) be soluble inorganic salt, the inorganic salts be sodium salt, sylvite,
One of ammonium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salts are a variety of, when the inorganic salts be sodium salt when, specially sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium sulphate,
One of sodium sulfite, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium nitrate, sodium phosphate, dibastic sodium phosphate, sodium metasilicate are a variety of;When the nothing
When machine salt is sylvite, specially potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfite, potassium carbonate, saleratus, potassium nitrate, phosphoric acid
Potassium, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium silicate it is one or more;When the inorganic salts are ammonium salt, specially ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, nitric acid
Ammonium it is one or more;When the inorganic salts are calcium salt, specially calcium chloride or calcium bromide;When the inorganic salts are magnesium salts
When, specially magnesium chloride, magnesium bromide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate it is one or more.
In the method for the present invention, being slowly at the uniform velocity added described in step (4) can use this field is existing arbitrarily can be real
The mode of solvent is now at the uniform velocity added, mode is such as added dropwise.
In the method for the present invention, demulsification can be arbitrarily may be implemented using this field is existing in demulsification described in step (4)
Mode, such as mechanical stirring or addition organic solvent are demulsified, it is preferred to use organic solvent is added and is demulsified.Step (4)
Described in washing be with organic solvent washing, the washing operation is technology contents well known to those skilled in the art.This hair
In bright method, demulsification described in step (4) and washing process are carried out using identical or different organic solvent, it is preferred to use identical
Organic solvent.The organic solvent be dehydrated alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, dimethylbenzene, just oneself
One or more of alkane, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate and/or dehydrated alcohol.
In the method for the present invention, described in step (4) it is dry for dry 10 at 50~100 DEG C~for 24 hours.
Third aspect present invention additionally provides application of the above-mentioned spherex in reservoir protection diverting agent.Spherex
As one of drilling fluid system component, the temporarily stifled effect of shielding is played.It can be played under the dosage of 0.5~5wt% good
Effect.The drilling fluid that microballoon is added has good shut-off capacity, can effectively block hole or microfissure, forms fine and close mud
Cake prevents filtrate from largely penetrating into stratum, reduces filter loss.
Compared with prior art, spherex of the present invention and preparation method thereof has the advantages that
1, spherex of the present invention is the microballoon for the polydispersity being distributed with uniform particle sizes, the list with prior art preparation
Disperse different with polydispersion spherex.When spherex in reservoir protection diverting agent field in application, due to geologic structure
Multifarious, reservoir porosity span is big, if only being difficult to meet the requirement of broad spectrum activity by the microballoon of single dispersing particle diameter, uses effect
Fruit is unable to satisfy industrial requirements.In addition, normal distribution is presented in existing polydispersion microballoon, the effective range of partial size is narrow, effect
It is obvious limited.The equally distributed polydispersion spherex that this technology provides can solve these problems very well, i.e., in any grain
In diameter section, microballoon accounting is suitable, and microspheres amount is high, temporarily blocks up significant effect, can satisfy the requirement of broad spectrum activity.
2, in spherex preparation method of the present invention, by the collective effect of triethanolamine and epoxychloropropane, especially
It is the mode of operation that epoxychloropropane is separately added into two steps, so that the structure of linear fraction and branched fraction in starch is big
It is small quite, there is similar molecular dimension, guarantee that the microballoon of preparation is more easily-controllable, particle diameter distribution has uniformity.Then rear
The starch in face is cross-linked into during microballoon, by using zwitterionic surfactant, and inorganic salts is slowly at the uniform velocity added simultaneously
And epoxychloropropane so that linear change is presented in the spherex particle size of preparation, and then is made under their collective effect
The standby polydispersion spherex for obtaining uniform particle sizes' distribution.
Embodiment 5
It weighs 1 part of sweet potato starch to be added in 100 parts of deionized waters, adds 20 parts of triethanolamines, sufficiently dissolved at 50 DEG C.So
0.03 part of epoxychloropropane is added afterwards, reacts 2.5h after mixing.0.05 part of dimethyl (6- amino myristyl) sulfoethyl is added
Ammonium salt is sufficiently mixed, and gained feed liquid is water phase A.It separately takes 200 parts of alkane compounds (normal heptane: hexamethylene=1:1), is added 8
Part emulsifier (neopelex), high-speed stirred makes it completely dissolved, and gained feed liquid is oily phase B.By A at 55 DEG C
It is poured slowly into B, 0.025 part of KCl is weighed and is configured to 0.5 part of KCl solution, and dripped simultaneously under equality of temperature with 0.1 part of epoxychloropropane
It is added in starch solution, at the uniform velocity time for adding 9h.The reaction was continued after being added dropwise 2h.Stop reaction, later with 75 parts of acetic acid fourths
Ester is that organic solvent addition mixed phase is demulsified, and filters off upper oil phase, separately washs microballoons with 125 parts of butyl acetates, finally exist
Freeze-day with constant temperature 18h is at 70 DEG C up to white powder microballoon.The partial size integrated distribution section of the spherex is 0.1~7.6 μ
The partial size of m(93.8% is in this section), the particle diameter distribution in partial size integrated distribution section has the feature that (0.1 μ
M -1.6 μm): 18.5%;(1.6 μm -3.1 μm): 19.9%;(3.1 μm -4.6 μm): 21.5%;(4.6 μm -6.1 μm): 21.4%;
(6.1 μm -7.6 μm): 18.7%.
Conventional surfactants are used only in comparative example 1()
Weigh 10 parts of cornstarch to be added in 100 parts of deionized waters, sufficiently be dissolved at 80 DEG C, be cooled to later 50 DEG C it is spare.
1 part of lauryl sodium sulfate is added, is sufficiently mixed, gained feed liquid is water phase A.800 parts of hexamethylenes separately are taken, 250 parts of creams are added
Agent (Span80:Tween60=3:2), high-speed stirred makes it completely dissolved, and gained feed liquid is oily phase B.A is delayed at 50 DEG C
Slowly B is poured into, and 7.5 parts of epoxychloropropane is added in mixed phase under equality of temperature, reaction stops reaction after carrying out 7h, with 200 parts
Dehydrated alcohol is that organic solvent addition mixed phase is demulsified, and filters off upper oil phase, separately washs microballoons with 600 parts of dehydrated alcohols,
Finally at 50 DEG C freeze-day with constant temperature for 24 hours up to white powder microballoon.The partial size integrated distribution section of the spherex is 50
~350 μm (94.7% partial size is in this section), the particle diameter distribution in partial size integrated distribution section has following special
Sign: (50 μm -150 μm): 12.3%;(150 μm -250 μm): 73.5%;(250 μm -350 μm): 14.2%.
Salt is added dropwise in the micro- crosslinking of comparative example 2()
It weighs 10 parts of cornstarch to be added in 100 parts of deionized waters, sufficiently be dissolved at 80 DEG C.0.005 part of epoxy chloropropionate is added
Alkane reacts 3h after mixing, 1 part of dimethyl dodecyl base sulfopropyl ammonium salt is added later, is sufficiently mixed, gained feed liquid is water phase
A.800 parts of hexamethylenes separately are taken, 250 parts of emulsifiers (Span80:Tween60=3:2) are added, high-speed stirred makes it completely dissolved,
Gained feed liquid is oily phase B.A is poured slowly into B at 50 DEG C, 50 parts of NaCl is weighed and is configured to 200 parts of inorganic salt solutions, and
It is added dropwise in mixed phase simultaneously under equality of temperature with 7.5 parts of epoxychloropropane, at the uniform velocity time for adding 5h, the reaction was continued after being added dropwise
2h.Later stop reaction, using 200 parts of dehydrated alcohols be organic solvent be added mixed phase be demulsified, elimination upper oil phase, separately with
600 parts of dehydrated alcohols wash microballoons, finally at 50 DEG C freeze-day with constant temperature for 24 hours up to white powder microballoon.The spherex
Partial size integrated distribution section be 1~200 μm (92.9% partial size is in this section), in partial size integrated distribution section
Particle diameter distribution have the feature that (1 μm -50 μm): 31.4%;(50 μm -100 μm): 19.1%;(100 μm -150 μm):
30.3%;(150 μm -200 μm): 19.2%.
Comparative example 3(triethanolamine, micro- crosslinking)
It weighs 10 parts of cornstarch to be added in 100 parts of deionized waters, adds 10 parts of triethanolamines, sufficiently dissolved at 80 DEG C.
Then 0.005 part of epoxychloropropane is added, reacts 3h after mixing.1 part of dimethyl dodecyl base sulfopropyl ammonium salt is added, it is sufficiently mixed
It closes, gained feed liquid is water phase A.800 parts of hexamethylenes separately are taken, 250 parts of emulsifiers (Span80:Tween60=3:2) are added, it is high
Speed stirring makes it completely dissolved, and gained feed liquid is oily phase B.A is poured slowly into B at 50 DEG C, and by 7.5 parts of rings under equality of temperature
Oxygen chloropropane is added in mixed phase, and reaction stops reaction after carrying out 7h, and mixed phase is added by organic solvent of 200 parts of dehydrated alcohols
It is demulsified, filters off upper oil phase, separately wash microballoon with 600 parts of dehydrated alcohols, finally freeze-day with constant temperature is to obtain the final product white for 24 hours at 50 DEG C
The powdered microballoon of color.The partial size integrated distribution section of the spherex is 10~210 μm, and (96.6% partial size is in this section
It is interior), the particle diameter distribution in partial size integrated distribution section has the feature that (10 μm -60 μm): 32.2%;(60 μm of -110 μ
M): 17.2%;(110 μm -160 μm): 21.7%;(160 μm -210 μm): 28.9%.
Salt is added dropwise in comparative example 4(triethanolamine)
It weighs 10 parts of cornstarch to be added in 100 parts of deionized waters, adds 10 parts of triethanolamines, sufficiently dissolved at 80 DEG C,
Be cooled to later 50 DEG C it is spare.1 part of dimethyl dodecyl base sulfopropyl ammonium salt is added, is sufficiently mixed, gained feed liquid is water phase
A.800 parts of hexamethylenes separately are taken, 250 parts of emulsifiers (Span80:Tween60=3:2) are added, high-speed stirred makes it completely dissolved,
Gained feed liquid is oily phase B.A is poured slowly into B at 50 DEG C, 50 parts of NaCl is weighed and is configured to 200 parts of inorganic salt solutions, and
It is added dropwise in mixed phase simultaneously under equality of temperature with 7.5 parts of epoxychloropropane, at the uniform velocity time for adding 5h, the reaction was continued after being added dropwise
2h.Later stop reaction, using 200 parts of dehydrated alcohols be organic solvent be added mixed phase be demulsified, elimination upper oil phase, separately with
600 parts of dehydrated alcohols wash microballoons, finally at 50 DEG C freeze-day with constant temperature for 24 hours up to white powder microballoon.The spherex
Partial size integrated distribution section be 10~210 μm (93.1% partial size is in this section), in partial size integrated distribution section
Particle diameter distribution have the feature that (10 μm -60 μm): 6.5%;(60 μm -110 μm): 38.7%;(110 μm -160 μm):
41.1%;(160 μm -210 μm): 3.9%.
Applicating evaluating of the micron-level crosslinked spherex as diverting agent -- casting bed blocks experiment, chooses embodiment and compares
The sample of example preparation is evaluated.Laboratory apparatus: drilling fluid sand bed filtration instrument, blender, baking oven.Experimental material: 860 Jing Jing of building
Starch (density 1.19g/cm3), embodiment sample, comparative example and 20-40 mesh sand sample.
Experimental procedure:
1, with slurry: to starch+3% embodiment sample or comparative example by formula well.
2, it makes casting bed: being added to 350cm in cylinder with 20-40 mesh sand3Place, shakes up;
3, the experiment slurry (400mL-500mL) prepared is added, is fixed on instrument stan the simultaneously good lower channel of sealing;
4, it opens bleed pressure and is adjusted to 0.69mPa, open simultaneously lower switch, measure mud filtrate invasion sand during half an hour
The case where bed.
Experimental result:
Filter loss FL after being formulated 30min is added1, basicly stable after mud filtrate invasion casting bed depth D.After forming stable mud cake,
Drilling fluid is poured out in pressure release, and filter loss FL of the clear water to the position 400mL, after (0.69mPa) measurement 30min that pressurizes is added2, experiment knot
Fruit is shown in Table 1:
1 experimental result of table
Sample |
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Embodiment 5 |
Comparative example 1 |
Comparative example 2 |
Comparative example 3 |
Comparative example 4 |
Filter loss FL1/ml |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
Depth D/cm3 |
125 |
185 |
160 |
210 |
220 |
350 |
305 |
315 |
350 |
Filter loss FL2/ml |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
55 |
14 |
25 |
58 |
By the above results it is found that clear water is under 0.69mPa pressure, and 30min is without leak-off when using the sample of embodiment 1-5
Amount, illustrates that plugging effect is good, and when using the sample of comparative example 1-4, clear water is under 0.69mPa pressure, and 30min filter loss is most
It can reach 58ml greatly, illustrate that effect is bad.