CN109406125A - Portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance - Google Patents

Portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109406125A
CN109406125A CN201811413776.0A CN201811413776A CN109406125A CN 109406125 A CN109406125 A CN 109406125A CN 201811413776 A CN201811413776 A CN 201811413776A CN 109406125 A CN109406125 A CN 109406125A
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module
main shaft
knife handle
simulation
load
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CN109406125B (en
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陈玮峥
陈菲
许彬彬
杨峥
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to mechanical test equipment technical field, it is related to a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance;It is loaded module, load bearings module, axial force loading module, radial force loading module, detection module and the big module of accessory module seven including simulation knife handle module, knife handle;The simulation blade positioning jig and simulation knife handle top card slot cooperation that knife handle is loaded in module;The axial force loading head of axial force loading module is contacted in loading procedure with the bearing outside bottom in load bearings module, realizes the load to main shaft axial force.Radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar in radial force loading module is contacted with bearing outside side, realizes the load to main shaft radial force.The present invention is by applying load after main shaft performance detection component and standardization knife handle combine together, simulated machine tool main shaft is realized in the real load of process and obtains performance detection data, to improve the operability and accuracy of main shaft reliability test and performance test.

Description

Portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical test equipment technical fields, are related to the device that a kind of pair of main shaft of numerical control machine tool is tested, Specifically, be related to it is a kind of can dynamic cutting force and torque to be subject to when analog main shaft actual cut, and main shaft is added Carry the device of test with performance detection.
Background technique
Key feature of the main shaft as numerically-controlled machine tool, the operation of reliability and comprehensive performance to whole numerically-controlled machine tool State influences very big.Traditional main shaft performance test generally requires to build special test platform in laboratory environment, installs various inspections Device is surveyed to be tested.Although the on-site detecting device of some main shafts can be realized some projects detection, but be only unloaded detection Or detection when practical work piece cutting, and the performance detection loaded under specified operating condition can not be simulated.Based on adding for workpiece cutting It carries test and not only wastes lot of materials, and main shaft stress state and non-controllable, acceleration environment and specific load shape can not be carried out The test of state.It is tested according to simulation operating condition loading method, not only can dynamically change load parameter, but also energy conservation and environmental protection.It is existing Simulation operating condition under experimental rig main shaft cutting moment of torque loading scheme, main shaft knife handle front end is usually used and connects with dynamometer machine Way of torque is loaded, such as patent of invention CN105527090A and patent of invention CN102889983B.This mode changes cutter Force way when processing, it is difficult to accomplish that radially, axially cutting force accurately loads, but also be only capable of the load of simulation both direction Cutting force.Only design it is a kind of can Collaborative Control, accurately simulate the mixing of three-dimensional cutting force size, direction under various operating conditions Loading device could obtain the accurate basic data of main shaft reliability and all-round property testing.Therefore, innovative design one kind can It is portable, can Fast Installation on practical lathe, carrying out the experimental rig of full working scope accurate simulation load and detection to main shaft, it is right There is important engineering application value in the reliability and performance test of machine control machine tool chief axis.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization, it is described with reference to the drawings as follows:
Refering to fig. 1, portable main shaft full working scope load is installed in machining center with device for detecting performance 3 using T-bolt On workbench 4.The digital control system by numerical control machining center 1 is needed before use, and machining center main shaft 2 is adjusted to portable master The load of axis full working scope and 3 surface of device for detecting performance.Refering to Fig. 5, by the main shaft pulling claw 2-1 inside main shaft 2 by main shaft 2 with The mating surface for simulating 5 top of knife handle is fitted close, with the true mounting means of analog main shaft knife handle.
A kind of portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance, including simulation knife handle module, knife handle be loaded module, Load bearings module, axial force loading module, radial force loading module, detection module and the big module of accessory module seven;
5 upper end of simulation knife handle and main shaft 2 in the simulation knife handle module are cooperated by taper hole;
The simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 and simulation 5 top card slot of knife handle cooperation that the knife handle is loaded in module;
The load bearings module includes load bearings 8-1 and bearing outside 8-2;
By shaft hole matching, bearing outside 8-2 interference fit is installed on load for the load bearings 8-1 and simulation knife handle 5 The outer ring bearing 8-1.
The axial force loading module is installed on the pedestal of the device support arm 12 in accessory module, and axial force loads mould The axial force loading head 9-5 of block adds 2 axial force of main shaft in loading procedure and bearing outside 8-2 bottom surface contact, realization It carries.
Radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3 in the radial force loading module is contacted with the side bearing outside 8-2, Realize the load to 2 radial force of main shaft.
Detection module is mounted on the device support arm 12 in accessory module by bolt, and is located on device support arm 12 Near the position of simulation knife handle 5.
Simulation knife handle module described in technical solution further includes rotor windings 5-1 and stator winding 5-2;
It simulates knife handle 5 and rotor windings 5-1 is interference fitted;12 middle part of outer wall and device support arm of stator winding 5-2 Cylinder shape inner wall realizes installation using axis hole interference fit type.
Knife handle described in technical solution be loaded module include three simulation blade positioning jig 6-1, a positioning guide rail rings 6-2, three guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screw 6-4;
Three simulation blade positioning jig 6-1, a positioning guide rail ring 6-2, three guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screws 6-4, which is bolted, is installed on 12 top of device support arm;
One simulation blade positioning jig 6-1, a guide pad 6-3 and a clamping screw 6-4 form one group;
Positioning guide rail ring 6-2 is set there are three the common location hole for being directed toward simulation 5 axis of knife handle, and three clamping screw 6-4 are logical Location hole is crossed to be connected with positioning guide rail ring 6-2.
Clamping screw 6-4 passes through guide pad 6-3 and connect with the threaded hole of simulation blade positioning jig 6-1, screws locking When bolt 6-4, simulator locating fixture 6-1 is mobile close to simulation knife handle 5, blade positioning jig 6-1 and simulation 5 top card slot of knife handle The clamping and positioning of knife handle 5 are simulated in cooperation to realize.
Axial force loading module described in technical solution further include axially loaded support frame 9-1, axial lock nut 9-2, Piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3 and pressure sensor 9-4;
The bottom axially loaded support frame 9-1 is fixedly connected with the pedestal of device support arm 12;
Axial lock nut 9-2 is threadedly coupled with piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3;Pressure sensor 9-4 adds with piezoelectric ceramics Stick 9-3 is carried to be threadedly coupled;Axial force loading head 9-5 is threadedly coupled with pressure sensor 9-4 and is located at axial force loading module most Top.
Radial force loading module described in technical solution further includes electric machine support 10-1, electric pushrod 10-2, pressure sensing Device 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5, turntable 10-6, rotary tray motor 10-7, disk gear 10-8, turntable lock mechanism rack 10-9, electromagnet 10-10 and friction pulley 10-11.
Electric pushrod 10-2, radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3, pressure sensor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5 It is sequentially connected in series;
Electric pushrod 10-2 is mounted on electric machine support 10-1;Electric machine support 10-1 is installed on the surface turntable 10-6;
The output shaft of rotary tray motor 10-7 passes through the hole among disk gear 10-8, is realized by shaft hole matching and key connection The transmitting of torque.
Disk gear 10-8 is engaged with turntable 10-6;
Turntable locking mechanism rack 10-9 is fixed on device support arm 12, and electromagnet 10-10 is mounted on by bolt to be turned On disk retaining mechanism bracket 10-9, the output end of electromagnet 10-10 is connected by the threaded hole among bolt and friction pulley 10-11 It connects.
Detection module described in technical solution includes laser displacement sensor bracket 11-1 and eddy current displacement sensor 11- 2;
Laser displacement sensor 11-1 is installed on simulation 5 bottom of knife handle at load bearings 8-1;Current vortex displacement sensing Device 11-2 is installed on 5 top of simulation knife handle close to the position main shaft pulling claw 2-1.
Accessory module described in technical solution further includes hot channel 7;
Hot channel 7 is wrapped in device support arm 12, and approaching device support arm 12 is outer with the installation position stator winding 5-2 Portion.
The load of portable main shaft full working scope and device for detecting performance 3 include that simulation knife handle module, knife handle are loaded module, load Bearing module, axial force loading module, radial force loading module, detection module and the big module of accessory module seven.
Refering to Fig. 5, simulating knife handle module includes simulation knife handle 5, rotor windings 5-1 and stator winding 5-2.Simulate knife handle 5 upper ends and main shaft 2 are cooperated by taper hole, simulate actual installation mode.Simulate a circle rotor windings of 5 middle section of knife handle package 5-1.The outer wall and 12 inner wall of device support arm of the stator winding 5-2 of annular is realized using axis hole interference fit type to be installed.It is fixed Sub- winding 5-2 energization makes therein generate alternating magnetic field, by opposite with rotation direction when rotor windings 5-1 cutting magnetic induction line Ampere force effect, thus to simulation knife handle 5 apply torque.
Refering to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, knife handle be loaded module include three simulation blade positioning jig 6-1, three positioning guide rail ring 6- 2, three guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screw 6-4.The knife handle module that is loaded passes through the uniformly distributed simulation cutter of three circumferencial directions Positioning fixture 6-1 realizes the elastic adjusting of simulation knife handle 5.Simulate blade positioning jig 6-1, a positioning guide rail ring 6-2, three Guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screw 6-4 is installed on 12 top of device support arm.Positioning guide rail ring 6-2 is bolted In 12 top surface of device support arm.Clamping screw 6-4 passes through guide pad 6-3 and the screw thread with simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 Hole connection, so that simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 is real close to or far from simulation knife handle 5 while turning clamping screw 6-4 Now unclamp or lock simulation knife handle 5.
Refering to Fig. 6, load bearings module includes load bearings 8-1 and bearing outside 8-2.Load bearings 8-1 inner ring with It simulates by shaft hole matching at the cylinder of 5 end of knife handle, bearing outside 8-2 interference fit is installed on the outer ring load bearings 8-1.Axis Load bearings are transmitted to by dynamic force from bearing outside 8-2 to cutting force loading module, the dynamic force of radial force loading module 8-1, and continue to be transmitted to simulation knife handle 5, realize the function for the dynamic cutting force that analog main shaft cutting process is subject to.
Refering to Fig. 6, axial force loading module includes axially loaded support frame 9-1, axial lock nut 9-2, piezoelectric ceramics Loading bar 9-3, pressure sensor 9-4 and axial force loading head 9-5.The function of axial force loading module is realized to simulation knife 5 end of handle, i.e., the dynamic force load of true machining point.Axially loaded support frame 9-1 passes through bolt and device support arm 12 Pedestal connect firmly.Axial lock nut 9-2 is bolted with piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3, can pass through release or tightening axle The pretightning force size between axial force loading head 9-5 and bearing outside 8-2 is adjusted to locking nut 9-2.Pressure sensor 9-4 with Piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3 is cascaded by screw thread, realizes the loading force detection of loading procedure.Axial force loading head 9-5 It is installed on axial force loading module top, front end has arc-shaped profile, in order to which axial force is loaded into bearing outside 8-2, and then loading force is applied to main shaft 2.Due to piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3 have with input voltage equal proportion, etc. frequencies Loading force output effect, therefore different size may be implemented for axial force loading module and the dynamic axial power of different frequency adds It carries.
Refering to Fig. 7, radial force loading module includes that electric machine support 10-1, electric pushrod 10-2, radial force piezoelectric ceramics add Carry stick 10-3, pressure sensor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5, turntable 10-6, rotary tray motor 10-7, disk gear 10-8, Turntable locks mechanism rack 10-9, electromagnet 10-10, friction pulley 10-11.The output shaft and radial force piezoelectricity of electric pushrod 10-2 The bolt hole of the rear end ceramic loading bar 10-3 is installed in series, the bolt and pressure sensor 10-4 of the front end electroceramics loading bar 10-3 The threaded hole of rear end is connected through a screw thread, the threaded hole of the front end pressure sensor 10-4 is non-load with radial force loading head 10-5's End is installed in series by bolt.Electric pushrod 10-2 is installed on electric machine support 10-1 by bolt.And electric machine support 10-1 is adopted It is connected with and is installed on the surface turntable 10-6.When radial force loads, moved out by electric pushrod 10-2 first so that radial Power loading head 10-5 applies small pretightning force to bearing outside 8-2, is then applied using radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3 High frequency dynamic force.In order to realize that dynamic adjusts the direction of radial force, rotary tray motor 10-7 drives disk gear 10-8 to drive Electric machine support 10-1, electric pushrod 10-2, radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10- on entire turntable 10-6 and turntable 10-6 3, this five components of pressure sensor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5 realize the angle of the radial direction around 2 axis of rotation of main shaft Degree is adjusted.After being adjusted to suitable corner, rotary tray motor 10-7 cuts off self-lock, and realizes the indexing locking of the first order.Turntable locking Mechanism rack 10-9, which is bolted, to be installed on device support arm 12, and device support arm 12 installs one piece using welding manner Electromagnet 10-10 is realized by absorption and the repulsion of friction pulley 10-11 and is locked to the second level after turntable 10-6 indexing.
It include laser displacement sensor bracket 11-1, eddy current displacement sensor 11- refering to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 detection module 2.The detection to the simulation 5 dynamic rotation precision property index of knife handle under simulation operating condition load may be implemented in detection module.Laser On displacement sensor 11-1 mounting device support arm 12, there is 20cm or so distance with simulation 5 bottom of knife handle, the laser projected It beats in simulation 5 bottom of knife handle at load bearings 8-1.Laser displacement sensor 11-1 detects simulation knife in a non-contact manner The jerk value of 5 loading end of handle.Eddy current displacement sensor 11-2 is installed on device support arm 12 by bolt, with simulation knife handle 5 tops have 1cm or so distance, to detect the bounce at 5 top and 2 installation end of main shaft of simulation knife handle.Vibration, temperature for main shaft The indexs such as degree, electric current are detected in combination with existing method installation sensor in national standard in main shaft specific position.
Accessory module includes hot channel 7, device support arm 12.Hot channel 7 is wrapped in device support arm 12 close to fixed The cooling to rotor windings 5-1 and stator winding 5-2 is realized in the outside of the position sub- winding 5-2.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, experimental rig of the present invention can be by accurately applying dynamic cutting force and cutting to main shaft knife handle front end Torque improves main shaft reliability test and performance to parameterize simulated machine tool main shaft in the real working condition of workpieces processing process The parameter diversity and confidence level of testing experiment.
2, experimental rig of the present invention combines all kinds of main shaft performance detection components and standardization knife handle together, replaces Test main shaft is not required to reinstall or adjust detection part, simplify guarantee while sensor installation the precision of detection module with surely It is qualitative.
3, experimental rig of the present invention has the advantages that Mobile portable, and space occupancy rate is filled far below traditional experiment It is standby, and equipment cost is cheap, has market popularization value.The device can be used vertical or horizontal mode and be installed on criterion numeral Platen is controlled, various model machine tool chief axis are suitable for, to create hardware condition quickly to carry out main shaft test.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings:
Fig. 1 is that portable main shaft full working scope load of the present invention is surveyed with device for detecting performance actual working state axis Figure;
Fig. 2 is portable main shaft full working scope load of the present invention and the vertical state axonometric drawing of device for detecting performance;
Fig. 3 is portable main shaft full working scope load of the present invention and device for detecting performance horizontal state axonometric drawing;
Fig. 4 is that knife handle of the present invention is loaded module top view;
Fig. 5 is knife handle torque loading method operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is axial force loading module main view of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is radial force loading module axonometric drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is device support arm axonometric drawing of the present invention;
In figure:
1. numerical control machining center, 2. main shafts, 2-1. main shaft pulling claw, 3. portable main shaft full working scope loads are filled with performance detection It sets, 4. machining center workbench, 5. simulation knife handles, 5-1. rotor windings, 5-2. stator winding, 6-1. simulates cutter positioning card Have, 6-2. positioning guide rail ring, 6-3. guide pad, 6-4. clamping screw, 7 hot channels, 8-1. load bearings, outside 8-2. bearing Set, the axially loaded support frame of 9-1., 9-2. axial lock nut, 9-3 piezoelectric ceramics loading bar, 9-4. pressure sensor, 9-5. Axial force loading head, 10-1. electric machine support, 10-2. electric pushrod, 10-3. radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar, 10-4. pressure Sensor, 10-5. radial force loading head, 10-6 turntable, 10-7. rotary tray motor, 10-8. disk gear, 10-9. turntable lock machine Structure bracket, 10-10. electromagnet, 10-11. friction pulley, 11-1. laser displacement sensor, 11-2. eddy current displacement sensor, 12. device support arm.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 provides the specific embodiment of portable main shaft reliability and device for detecting performance described in this patent.Institute It states on the workbench 4 that portable main shaft reliability and device for detecting performance 3 are installed in machining center using T-bolt, in processing Heart main shaft 2 is moved to portable main shaft reliability and device for detecting performance 3 under the digital control system control of numerical control machining center 1 Surface and perpendicular to 4 upper surface of the workbench of machining center.Machining center main shaft 2 by its internal tool-broaching mechanism with it is portable Main shaft reliability is connect with the simulation knife handle 5 of device for detecting performance 3, realizes the installation effect for simulating true main shaft.Pacify with main shaft 2 Fill cutter carry out actual cut process it is similar, portable main shaft reliability and device for detecting performance 3 are by traditional cutter and work Part is integrated into the device of an automation control, realizes the controllable load of different loads condition.
Portable main shaft reliability as described herein and device for detecting performance 3 have vertical (Fig. 2) and horizontal (Fig. 3) two Kind installation form, is respectively suitable for the main shaft (Fig. 1) of vertical and the main shaft of horizontal arrangement, so that it is extensive to have device Applicability.
Refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 8, portable main shaft reliability described in this patent and performance testing device 3, all modules are equal It is installed on device support arm 12.By taking vertical spindle as an example, device support arm 12 be divided into from top to bottom knife handle be loaded module installing zone, Stator coil and cooling jacket installing zone, radial force loading module installing zone, detection model installing zone and bottom most portion axis To power loading module installing zone, device support arm 12 is that portable main shaft reliability and performance testing device 3 provide function load Body, and securely it is connected in lathe workbench.
It simulates 5 upper end of knife handle and main shaft 2 to cooperate by taper hole, be filled in the portable main shaft full working scope load with performance detection It sets when not connect with main shaft 2, the state that simulation knife handle 5 and main shaft 2 are detached from;It, can after calibrating the position of the good device and main shaft 2 The taper hole for simulating the conical surface and main shaft 2 of knife handle 5 is firmly combined together by the main shaft pulling claw 2-1 inside main shaft 2.
Simulation knife handle module is that the core of whole device passes through inside main shaft 2 positioned at the lower end of main shaft 2 with main shaft 2 Tool-broaching mechanism realize be fitted close.Knife handle is loaded module by simulating blade positioning jig 6-1 and simulation knife handle module upper end Groove cooperation.Load bearings module is connect by load bearings 8-1 with the interference fit for simulating knife handle lower end, to guarantee to load Power on load bearings 8-1 is equal to load in the power of simulation knife handle.Axial force loading module is installed on device support arm 12 The axial force loading head 9-5 of pedestal, axial force loading module is contacted in loading procedure with the bottom bearing outside 8-2, is realized to master The load of 2 axial force of axis.Radial force loading module is located at the intermediate region of entire experimental rig, is added by radial force piezoelectric ceramics It carries stick 10-3 to contact with the side bearing outside 8-2, realizes the load to 2 radial force of main shaft.Detection module includes two sensors, The top and bottom of simulation knife handle 5 are located at, is bolted and is mounted on device support arm 12.Dress in accessory module The installation that support arm 12 is set as other six big modules provides support.
Refering to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, before portable main shaft reliability and device for detecting performance 3 not yet enter test mode, simulation The main shaft 2 of knife handle 5 and numerically-controlled machine tool is simultaneously not connected with, and simulation knife handle 5 is needed by simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 clamping positioning, To guarantee the positional stability of simulation knife handle 5.After simulating knife handle 5 and connecting with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, clamping screw 6-4 is adjusted, So that simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 and simulation knife handle 5 are detached from.Knife handle be loaded module include three simulation blade positioning jig 6- 1, a positioning guide rail ring 6-2, three guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screw 6-4.Blade positioning jig 6-1 and simulation knife 5 top card slot of handle cooperates clamping and positioning to realize simulation knife handle 5 in a complementary fashion.Simulate blade positioning jig 6-1, one A positioning guide rail ring 6-2, three guide pad 6-3 and three clamping screw 6-4 are bolted and are installed on device support arm 12 tops.Positioning guide rail ring 6-2, which is bolted, is fixed on 12 top surface of device support arm.One simulation cutter positioning card Have 6-1, a guide pad 6-3 and a clamping screw 6-4 forms one group, realizes the locking to a direction simulation knife handle 5.It is whole A total of three groups of above structures of covering device, are mounted in a uniformly distributed manner on positioning guide rail ring 6-2 in mounting plane.Lock Tight bolt 6-4 passes through guide pad 6-3 and connect with simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 threaded hole.Clamping screw 6-4 is turned, then is locked Tight bolt 6-4 together with simulation blade positioning jig 6-1 along guide pad 6-3 close to or far from simulation knife handle 5, to simulate cutter Positioning fixture 6-1 unclamps or locking simulation knife handle 5.
Refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, after simulating the main shaft pulling claw 2-1 mechanism cooperation inside knife handle 5 and main shaft 2, simulate knife handle 5 by Rotation is realized to the driving force from main shaft 2.In order to simulate torque suffered by true cutting process main shaft, simulate in knife handle 5 Between portion envelops one circle rotor windings 5-1.The outer wall and 12 inner wall of device support arm of the stator winding 5-2 of annular uses axis hole Interference fit type realizes installation.Stator winding 5-2 energization makes therein generate alternating magnetic field, and rotor windings 5-1 cuts magnetic It is acted on when feeling line by the Ampere force opposite with rotation direction, to apply torque to simulation knife handle 5.Lead to inside hot channel 7 Circulating water flow is crossed, realizes the cooling to stator winding 5-2 and support arm 12.Simulation 5 lower end of knife handle is cutting force loading section, mould Quasi- 5 lower end of knife handle is more tiny than upper end, to simulate the shape of real tool, realizes more accurate load.
Refering to Fig. 6, the effect of axial force loading module is to apply dynamic force in the bottom bearing outside 8-2, indirectly will dynamic Power is applied to simulation 5 lower end of knife handle, axial force suffered by analog main shaft actual cut process.Axial force loading module includes axial Load support frame 9-1, axial lock nut 9-2, piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3, pressure sensor 9-4 and axially loaded head 9- 5.Axially loaded support frame 9-1 is connected firmly by the pedestal of bolt and device support arm 12.The both ends piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3 all have Screw thread after lower thread is connect with axial lock nut 9-2, continues to screw in axially loaded support frame 9-1 pedestal, threaded upper ends with Threaded hole connection among pressure sensor 9-4.Axial loading head 9- can be adjusted by unclamping or tightening axial lock nut 9-2 Pretightning force size between 5 and bearing outside 8-2.Pressure sensor 9-4 and piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 9-3 is connected on by screw thread Together, the loading force detection of loading procedure is realized.Loading head 9-5 is installed on axial force loading module top by screw thread, Front end has spherical projecting surface, in order to which axial force to be loaded into the pit of the bottom bearing outside 8-2.Due to piezoelectric ceramics plus Carry stick 9-3 have with input voltage equal proportion etc. frequencies loading force output effect, therefore axial force loading module can be real Existing different size and the main shaft axial force of different frequency load.
Refering to Fig. 7, the effect of radial force loading module is to apply dynamic force in the side of bearing outside 8-2 external arc, It connects and dynamic force is applied to simulation 5 end of knife handle, radial force suffered by analog main shaft actual cut process.Since radial force has Multiple directions, the mode for generalling use both direction synthesis or directly applying a direction resultant force are realized.In order to reduce cost And simplified control algorithm, this patent are loaded by the way of resultant force.The size of radial force is forced by electric pushrod 10-2 with radial Electroceramics loading bar 10-3 combination loading.Electric machine support 10-1, the electric pushrod 10-2, radial force being installed on turntable 10-6 Piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3, pressure sensor 10-4 and radial force loading head 10-5 are in company with turntable 10-6, around simulation knife handle 5 Central axes rotation, to realize the dynamic regulation in cutting force direction.The output shaft and radial force piezoelectricity of electric pushrod 10-2 is made pottery Porcelain loading bar 10-3, pressure sensor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5 are installed in series by bolt.
Refering to Fig. 7, electric machine support 10-1, which is connected by screw bolts, is installed on the surface turntable 10-6, and electric pushrod 10-2 passes through spiral shell Bolt is connected and installed on electric machine support 10-1.The output shaft and radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3 of electric pushrod 10-2, pressure Force snesor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5 are installed in series by bolt.In radial force load, first by electric pushrod 10-2 output certain displacement makes radial force loading head 10-5 mobile close to bearing outside 8-2, and with the effect of the pretightning force of setting On bearing outside 8-2.Then radial force is acted on using radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3 application high frequency dynamic force to add Carrier head 10-5 is applied to simulation knife handle 5 by bearing outside 8-2.The purpose of pressure sensor 10-4 is that acquisition piezoelectricity is made pottery constantly The power that porcelain loading bar 10-3 is exported.
Refering to Fig. 2, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, turntable 10-6 is mounted in the large circle among device support arm 12, rotary tray motor 10- 7 are mounted on device support arm 12.When need to adjust radial cutting force load angle, disk gear is driven by rotary tray motor 10-7 10-8 rotation, disk gear 10-8 driving turntable 10-6 (outer profile is gear) again have driven the motor branch on turntable 10-6 Frame 10-1, electric pushrod 10-2, radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar 10-3, pressure sensor 10-4, radial force loading head 10-5 Axis of rotation around main shaft 2 rotates.After being adjusted to suitable corner, rotary tray motor 10-7 cuts off self-lock, and realizes turning for the first order Position locking.Turntable locking mechanism rack 10-9, which is bolted, to be installed on device support arm 12, electromagnet 10-10 after power-off It is adsorbed on friction pulley 10-11;To realize that electromagnet 10-10 on-off control friction pulley 10-11 moves up and down in overall.The electromagnet 10-10 is not rotated together by driven by rotary disc, realizes to the second level locking after turntable 10-6 indexing, it is ensured that radial force loading procedure Load angle will not change.After energization, electromagnet is attracted with turntable locking mechanism rack 10-9 upwards, to be detached from turntable 10- 6, so that turntable 10-6 continues to convert position.
Refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, eddy current displacement sensor 11-2, which is connected by screw bolts, is installed on 12 top of device support arm The upper surface positioning guide rail ring 6-2 is crossed in face, realizes the bounce measurement to 5 top of simulation knife handle.Laser displacement sensor 11-1 It is equally connected by screw bolts and is installed on device support arm 12, and be located at close to the part end 10mm on bearing outside 8-2, laser point It penetrates in simulation 5 lower end of knife handle, to realize the monitoring to various 5 jerk values of stress state Imitating knife handle.For main shaft vibration, The test of the indexs such as temperature, electric current is examined in combination with method installation sensor ready-made in national standard in main shaft specific position It surveys.
Heretofore described example is for the ease of field technical staff it will be appreciated that and the application present invention.The present invention The only example of an optimization, or perhaps a kind of preferable specific technical solution, if relevant technical staff is adhering to this In the case where invention basic technical scheme, makes the equivalent structure variation for needing not move through creative work or various modifications all exist Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
Including simulation knife handle module, knife handle be loaded module, load bearings module, axial force loading module, radial force loading module, Detection module and the big module of accessory module seven;
Simulation knife handle (5) upper end and main shaft (2) in the simulation knife handle module are cooperated by taper hole;
The simulation blade positioning jig (6-1) and simulation knife handle (5) top card slot cooperation that the knife handle is loaded in module;
The load bearings module includes load bearings (8-1) and bearing outside (8-2);
By shaft hole matching, bearing outside (8-2) interference fit, which is installed on, to be added for the load bearings (8-1) and simulation knife handle (5) Carry the outer ring bearing (8-1).
The axial force loading module is installed on the pedestal of the device support arm (12) in accessory module, axial force loading module Axial force loading head (9-5) contacted in loading procedure with the bottom bearing outside (8-2), realization main shaft (2) axial force is added It carries.
Radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar (10-3) in the radial force loading module is contacted with the side bearing outside (8-2), Realize the load to main shaft (2) radial force;
Detection module is mounted on the device support arm (12) in accessory module by bolt, and is located on device support arm (12) Near the position of simulation knife handle (5).
2. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The simulation knife handle module further includes rotor windings (5-1) and stator winding (5-2);
Knife handle (5) and rotor windings (5-1) are simulated to be interference fitted;In the outer wall of stator winding (5-2) and device support arm (12) Wall realizes installation using axis hole interference fit type.
3. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The knife handle be loaded module include three simulation blade positioning jigs (6-1), a positioning guide rail ring (6-2), three lead To block (6-3) and three clamping screws (6-4);
Three simulation blade positioning jigs (6-1), a positioning guide rail ring (6-2), three guide pads (6-3) and three locking screws Bolt (6-4), which is bolted, to be installed at the top of device support arm (12);
One simulation blade positioning jig (6-1), a guide pad (6-3) and a clamping screw (6-4) form one group;
Positioning guide rail ring (6-2) is directed toward the location hole for simulating knife handle (5) axis, three clamping screws (6-4) there are three setting jointly It is connected by location hole with positioning guide rail ring (6-2);
Clamping screw (6-4) passes through guide pad (6-3) and connect with the threaded hole of simulation blade positioning jig (6-1), screws lock When tight bolt (6-4), simulator locating fixture (6-1) is mobile close to simulation knife handle (5), blade positioning jig (6-1) and simulation knife The cooperation of handle (5) top card slot is to realize the clamping and positioning of simulating knife handle (5).
4. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The axial force loading module further includes that axially loaded support frame (9-1), axial lock nut (9-2), piezoelectric ceramics add Carry stick (9-3) and pressure sensor (9-4);
The axially loaded support frame bottom (9-1) is fixedly connected with the pedestal of device support arm (12);
Axial lock nut (9-2) is threadedly coupled with piezoelectric ceramics loading bar (9-3);Pressure sensor (9-4) and piezoelectric ceramics Loading bar (9-3) is threadedly coupled;Axial force loading head (9-5) is threadedly coupled with pressure sensor (9-4) and adds positioned at axial force Carry module top.
5. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The radial force loading module further includes electric machine support (10-1), electric pushrod (10-2), pressure sensor (10-4), diameter Mechanism rack is locked to power loading head (10-5), turntable (10-6), rotary tray motor (10-7), disk gear (10-8), turntable (10-9), electromagnet (10-10) and friction pulley (10-11);
Electric pushrod (10-2), radial force piezoelectric ceramics loading bar (10-3), pressure sensor (10-4), radial force loading head (10-5) is sequentially connected in series;
Electric pushrod (10-2) is mounted on electric machine support (10-1);Electric machine support (10-1) is installed on the surface turntable (10-6) On;
The output shaft of rotary tray motor (10-7) passes through the intermediate hole disk gear (10-8), is realized by shaft hole matching and key connection The transmitting of torque.
Disk gear (10-8) is engaged with turntable (10-6);
Turntable locking mechanism rack (10-9) is fixed on device support arm (12), and electromagnet (10-10) is mounted on by bolt Turntable is locked on mechanism rack (10-9), the output end of electromagnet (10-10) spiral shell intermediate by bolt and friction pulley (10-11) Pit connection.
6. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The detection module includes laser displacement sensor bracket (11-1) and eddy current displacement sensor (11-2);
Laser displacement sensor (11-1) is installed on simulation knife handle (5) bottom at load bearings (8-1);Current vortex displacement passes Sensor (11-2) is installed at the top of simulation knife handle (5) close to the position main shaft pulling claw (2-1).
7. a kind of portable main shaft full working scope load according to claim 1 and device for detecting performance, it is characterised in that:
The accessory module further includes hot channel (7);
Hot channel (7) is wrapped in the outside of device support arm (12) close to the position stator winding (5-2).
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CN110095276A (en) * 2019-06-09 2019-08-06 吉林大学 Portable power knife rest full working scope load testing machine
CN110631817A (en) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-31 吉林大学 Replaceable broach mechanism reliability test device and test method
CN110732886A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-31 吉林大学 portable dynamic loading and fine-tuning measuring device based on main shaft rotation precision
CN110842647A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-28 惠州市景阳科技有限公司 Tool shank detection device of electric spindle and detection method thereof
CN110954322A (en) * 2019-07-16 2020-04-03 井冈山大学 Main shaft simulation vibration loading test device
CN111397891A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-07-10 吉林大学 Non-contact all-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test device
CN111721614A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-09-29 浙江工贸职业技术学院 Wire clamp climate factor simulation strength testing device
CN113155451A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-23 吉林大学 Portable numerical control lathe main shaft test device
CN115096567A (en) * 2022-06-15 2022-09-23 吉林大学 Testing device and testing method for testing reliability of swing angle milling head

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CN110095276A (en) * 2019-06-09 2019-08-06 吉林大学 Portable power knife rest full working scope load testing machine
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