CN109403365B - Safe outgoing system and process for unmanned caisson - Google Patents
Safe outgoing system and process for unmanned caisson Download PDFInfo
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- CN109403365B CN109403365B CN201811577856.XA CN201811577856A CN109403365B CN 109403365 B CN109403365 B CN 109403365B CN 201811577856 A CN201811577856 A CN 201811577856A CN 109403365 B CN109403365 B CN 109403365B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/02—Caissons able to be floated on water and to be lowered into water in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safe shipment system and a shipment process for an unmanned caisson, wherein the shipment system comprises a semi-submersible barge, the semi-submersible barge is provided with a cable for tying the caisson, the cable is provided with a hook for connecting the caisson, the hook is provided with an automatic unhooking device, the semi-submersible barge is provided with an automatic water adding device capable of injecting water into the caisson, the automatic water adding device comprises a water supply mechanism, a water injection pipe connected with the water supply mechanism and a limiting unit capable of regulating and limiting the position of a water outlet at the upper end of the water injection pipe, and the water outlet is arranged above the caisson. After the ship is semi-submerged on the caisson and is fixed, the ship can work on the top of the caisson without manpower, and the top of the caisson can be unmanned, so that the caisson can be more safely, reliably, economically and efficiently transported.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a caisson transportation technology, in particular to a safe unmanned caisson transportation system and a safe caisson transportation process.
Background
The caisson is a box-shaped structure with a bottom, which is used for projects such as wharfs or breakwaters, and the caisson can be controlled to sink or float by adjusting the pressure-loaded water in the caisson. After the onshore prefabrication of the caisson is completed, a semi-submersible barge is usually adopted to drag the caisson to a construction site, then a worker on the caisson manually opens a valve to open a water inlet at the bottom of the caisson so as to pressurize and carry water to meet the ship-off condition (the expected target is that the caisson reaches a self-floating stable state after the pressurized water carrying on the ship), and then the caisson is dragged to a sinking installation position by a tugboat to carry out ballast sinking installation, and if the caisson is not stable enough after the pressurized water carrying on the ship, the caisson needs to be installed by means of the processes of assisting the floating of the crane ship and the like. The existing caisson water injection mode (pressurized water carrying) adopts a water inlet hole designed at the bottom of the caisson, during operation, workers at the top of the caisson open the water inlet hole through a manual valve, and the water inlet speed is controlled by the workers through the valve, the caisson transporting process has 10-14 workers at the top of the caisson to operate, cables are installed and removed, water injection, water level observation control, data recording and other operations consume a large amount of labor, the caisson is in a marine floating state during the transporting process, if sudden conditions such as water leakage of the caisson and breakage of a towing cable occur, the workers cannot evacuate the caisson in time, and the caisson is extremely easy to cause serious casualties when the caisson topples.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the unmanned caisson safe delivery system and the unmanned delivery process, after the caisson is fixed on a semi-submerged barge, the unmanned operation on the top of the caisson can be realized without manual operation, so that the caisson delivery process is safer, more reliable, more economic and more efficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides an unmanned caisson safety shipment system, includes semi-submersible barge, is equipped with the hawser that is used for tying the caisson on the semi-submersible barge, and the hawser is equipped with the couple that is used for connecting the caisson, and the couple is equipped with automatic unhooking ware, and semi-submersible barge installs the automatic device of adding water that can be for the caisson water injection, and automatic device of adding water includes water supply mechanism, connects water supply mechanism's water injection pipe to and the spacing unit of adjustable injecing water injection pipe upper end delivery port position, the delivery port sets up in the caisson top.
Preferably, the water supply mechanism is a water pump capable of extracting water outside the semi-submersible barge, the water injection pipe is a water injection pipe with the lower end part communicated with a water outlet of the water pump, the limiting unit comprises a support which is vertically arranged on the semi-submersible barge and a telescopic part which can transversely rotate around the support, one end of the telescopic part is fixedly connected with a water outlet of the flexible water injection pipe, and the other end of the telescopic part is rotatably connected with the support through a rotating part.
As preferred, flexible part is flexible pipe, and rotary part includes the cylindrical casing of lateral wall and flexible pipe one end intercommunication, cylindrical casing bottom surface fixed connection's rotating electrical machines's pivot, and cylindrical casing bottom surface is equipped with the through-hole of wearing to establish flexible water injection pipe, and flexible water injection pipe outside is located to flexible pipe and cylindrical casing equal cover, and the support is equipped with the bracing piece that is used for fixed mounting rotating electrical machines, and the upper end of bracing piece is fixed in the rotating electrical machines bottom surface, and the lower extreme is fixed in on the semi-submerged barge.
As preferred, automatic water installation still includes the water injection monitoring unit of the water injection volume in the control caisson, water injection monitoring unit includes the water injection quantity watch-dog of steerable water pump switch, install the wireless flowmeter who is used for monitoring the interior rivers flow of water injection pipe on the water injection pipe, and install in a plurality of high frequency radar level gauges that the caisson is used for monitoring interior liquid level of cabin check, a high frequency radar level gauge is all installed at the cabin check top that every group communicates each other, high frequency radar level gauge and wireless flowmeter all pass through radio signal connection water injection quantity watch-dog.
Preferably, the lifting device further comprises a crane ship, and a lifting appliance which can realize automatic hooking and unhooking and is matched with the lifting hole of the caisson 2 is installed on a crane of the crane ship.
As preferred, the hoist includes that the four corners is connected the rectangle hoist and mount frame of locating the main lifting hook of loop wheel machine directly over it through hanging the rope, hoist and mount frame level sets up, four link plates of rectangle hoist and mount frame below symmetry installation, the articulated couple that is used for being connected with the hoist and mount hole of caisson of link plate lower part, the couple surface is equipped with unhook board, unhook board connects the davit tip through hanging the rope, the jib is located directly over the rectangle hoist and mount frame and with rectangle hoist and mount frame side parallel arrangement, the jib is connected the vice lifting hook of locating the loop wheel machine directly over it through hanging the rope.
Preferably, a limiting part capable of limiting the hanger rod to move along the vertical direction is fixedly arranged above a frame of the rectangular hoisting frame, the limiting part comprises two vertical limiting grooves for clamping the side wall of the hanger rod, and the two vertical limiting grooves are respectively arranged on two side edges of the rectangular hoisting frame in parallel; a plurality of inverted Y-shaped guide grooves with narrow parts capable of clamping the caisson cabin partition plates are fixedly mounted below the frame of the rectangular hoisting frame, and the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves are perpendicular to the side edge of the rectangular hoisting frame where the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves are located.
The invention also discloses a safe export process of the unmanned caisson, which uses the safe export system of the unmanned caisson and comprises the following steps:
loading the caisson on a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pulled to the shore and in place, the caisson is pulled to the deck of the semi-submersible barge after the onshore prefabrication is finished, and is connected and fixed with the semi-submersible barge through a hook of a cable, the cable and the hook are provided with an automatic unhooking device, and workers at the top of the caisson withdraw from the caisson; the top of the caisson cabin lattice is provided with an opening, the water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to the position of the opening above the caisson cabin lattice through the limiting unit, the automatic water adding device arranged on the semi-submersible barge is started to inject water into the caisson cabin lattice from the top of the caisson, and the automatic water adding device is closed to stop injecting water when the ship is loaded and the water is required to be filled;
towing on the sea: the caisson is transported to a submergence area by a semi-submersible barge 1;
leveling on the ship: anchoring and positioning a semi-submersible barge, carrying out pressurized water carrying on the semi-submersible barge to submerge to a specified depth, adjusting a water outlet of an automatic water adding device to an opening position above a caisson compartment through a limiting unit, starting the automatic water adding device to inject water into the caisson compartment to adjust balance of the caisson, and closing the automatic water adding device 3 to stop adding water after the caisson compartment is injected with water to meet a ship-landing condition;
lowering the caisson into a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pressurized again to carry water to submerge to the safe outlet height of the caisson and then stops submerging, whether the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself after being leveled on the ship is judged, if the caisson meets the outlet condition, the caisson is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to a safe distance by a tugboat, if the caisson does not meet the outlet condition, a crane ship is adopted to assist in floating, after the caisson is hoisted by the crane ship and is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to the safe distance, a water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to an opening position above a caisson cabin lattice through a limiting unit, the automatic water adding device is started to inject water to the caisson cabin lattice until the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself, and the crane ship releases the caisson;
sinking and installing: and controlling the automatic unhooking device to unhook the hook of the cable, disconnecting the caisson from the semi-submersible barge, and towing the caisson to a sinking point through a tugboat to continue sinking and mounting.
Preferably, in the step of sinking the caisson into the ship, if the caisson does not meet the self-stable export condition after the caisson is leveled on the ship, a lifting appliance which is arranged by a crane ship crane and can realize automatic hooking and unhooking is adopted to lift the caisson.
Preferably, the process of connecting the lifting appliance with the caisson in the caisson discharging step comprises the steps that a main lifting hook of the lifting ship lifts the lifting frame to the position above the caisson, an auxiliary lifting hook lifts the lifting rod upwards to enable the hook to rotate inwards, the position of the lifting appliance is monitored, the lifting arm of the crane is controlled to move to the position where the hook is located above the lifting hole of the caisson, the main lifting hook is controlled to descend until the hook is adjacent to the lifting hole of the caisson, and the auxiliary lifting hook is controlled to descend until the hook head at the end part of the hook enters the lifting hole of the caisson to complete automatic hooking so that the lifting appliance is connected with the caisson; the process of hoist release caisson includes treating the caisson water injection to satisfy self stable shipment condition after, control main lifting hook descends to the rope of hanging of being connected with it and relaxes, and the vice lifting hook of control promotes the jib and makes the couple inwards rotate, and the couple gib head breaks away from the caisson hole of hoist, and the lift of control main lifting hook makes the hoist break away from the caisson.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the unmanned caisson safe delivery system and the unmanned caisson safe delivery process are provided, after the caisson is semi-submerged and fixed, i.e. the top of the caisson does not need to be operated manually, and the unmanned operation on the top of the caisson can be realized, so that the caisson delivery process is safer, more reliable, more economic and more efficient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a main body of the unmanned caisson safety outward-conveying system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of the main structure of the safe unmanned caisson transportation system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic water adding device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the crane vessel hoist of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the crane vessel hoist of the present invention in a state of hoisting a caisson;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the state of adding water after the caisson is lowered onto the ship;
in the above figure: 1-semi-submerged barge, 11-cable, 12-automatic unhooking device, 2-caisson, 21-compartment, 211-clapboard, 3-automatic water adding device, 31-water pump, 32-flexible water injection pipe, 33-limit unit, 331-bracket, 332-telescopic pipe, 333-cylindrical shell, 334-rotating motor, 335-support rod, 34-wireless flowmeter, 35-high frequency radar level gauge, 36-water outlet, 4-sling, 41-main hook, 42-hanging rope, 43-hoisting frame, 44-hanging plate, 45-hook, 46-limit groove, 47-suspender, 48-auxiliary hook, 49-unhooking plate, 5-guide groove, 5-51-narrow part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures, and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-4 and 7, the unmanned caisson safe delivery system comprises a semi-submersible barge 1, wherein a cable 11 for fastening a caisson 2 is arranged on the semi-submersible barge 1, the cable 11 is provided with a hook for connecting the caisson 2, the hook is provided with an automatic unhooking device 12, the semi-submersible barge 1 is provided with an automatic water adding device 3 capable of injecting water into the caisson 2, the automatic water adding device 3 comprises a water supply mechanism, a water injection pipe connected with the water supply mechanism and a limiting unit 33 capable of adjusting and limiting the position of a water outlet 36 at the upper end of the water injection pipe, and the water outlet 36 is arranged above the caisson.
The unmanned caisson safe delivery process adopting the system comprises the following steps:
loading the caisson on a ship: the semi-submersible barge 1 is in place by landing, the caisson 2 is pulled to the deck of the semi-submersible barge 1 after the land prefabrication is completed, and is connected and fixed with the semi-submersible barge 1 through a hook of a cable 11, the cable 11 and the hook are provided with an automatic unhooking device 12, and workers on the top of the caisson 2 withdraw from the caisson 2; the top of the cells 21 of the caisson 2 is opened, a water outlet 36 of the automatic water adding device 3 is adjusted to the position of the opening above the cells 21 of the caisson 2 through a limiting unit 33, the automatic water adding device 3 arranged on the semi-submersible barge 1 is started to inject water into the cells 21 of the caisson 2 from the top of the caisson 2, and the automatic water adding device 3 is closed to stop injecting water when the water level is required for loading and adding water;
towing on the sea: the caisson is transported to a submergence area by a semi-submerged barge 1;
on-board leveling: anchoring and positioning the semi-submersible barge 1, submerging the semi-submersible barge 1 under pressure water loading to a specified depth, adjusting a water outlet 36 of the automatic water adding device 3 to an opening position above the cabin lattice 21 of the caisson 2 through a limiting unit 33, starting the automatic water adding device 3 to inject water into the cabin lattice 21 of the caisson 2 so as to adjust the balance of the caisson 2, and closing the automatic water adding device 3 to stop adding water after the cabin lattice 21 of the caisson 2 is injected with water until the ship-entering condition is met;
the caisson is taken down: the semi-submersible barge 1 is pressurized again to submerge to the safe export height of the caisson 2 and then stops submerging, whether the caisson 2 meets the export condition of self stability after leveling on the ship is judged, if the export condition is met, the caisson 2 is dragged by a tugboat to leave the semi-submersible barge 1 for a safe distance, if the export condition is not met, a crane ship is adopted to assist in floating, after the caisson 2 is hoisted by the crane ship and is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge 1 for the safe distance, a water outlet 36 of the automatic water adding device 3 is adjusted to an opening position above a cabin lattice 21 of the caisson 2 through a limiting unit 33, the automatic water adding device 3 is started to inject water into the cabin lattice 21 of the caisson 2 until the caisson 2 meets the self-stable export condition, and the crane ship releases the caisson 2;
sinking and mounting: and controlling the automatic unhooking device 12 to unhook the hook of the cable 11, disconnecting the caisson 2 from the semi-submersible barge 1, and towing the caisson to a sinking point through a tugboat to continue sinking and installing.
In the conventional caisson 2 transporting system and transporting process, the water injection mode (pressurized water loading) of the caisson 2 adopts the matching of a water inlet hole designed at the bottom of the caisson 2 and a manual valve at the top, the operation and construction must be completed by workers at the top of the caisson 2, and the manual operation at the top of the caisson is also needed when the caisson 2 is unhooked after being separated from the semi-submersible barge 1, so that the process consumes a lot of people and has great potential safety hazard, the transporting system and the transporting process of the embodiment change the traditional caisson 2 transporting construction process, the automatic water adding device 3 arranged on the semi-submersible barge 1 is used for injecting water into the caisson 2 in the whole caisson transporting process, the operation of the workers at the top of the caisson 2 is not needed, and meanwhile, the cable 11 connecting the semi-submersible barge 1 and the caisson is provided with a hook with an automatic unhooking device 12 (the automatic unhooking device of the cable is an existing product, for example, an automatic unhooking device disclosed by Chinese patent application No. CN 20132012886 can be applied to the present application, the worker can control the hook to be unhooked on the semi-submersible barge 1 by controlling the mooring rope connected with the third hole pin), the mooring rope can be automatically unhooked after the caisson 2 is separated from the semi-submersible barge 1, and the personnel operation at the top of the caisson 2 is not needed, namely, after the shipping system and the shipping process are fixed on the semi-submersible barge on the caisson, the personnel operation at the top of the caisson is not needed, the unmanned operation at the top of the caisson can be realized, and the shipping process of the caisson is safer, more reliable, more economic and more efficient.
In order to ensure that the water outlet 36 of the automatic water adding device 3 can flexibly meet the requirement of changing the water injection position in the whole transportation process, as shown in fig. 3-4, the water supply mechanism of the automatic water adding device 3 is a water pump 31 capable of extracting water outside the semi-submersible barge 1, the water injection pipe is a water injection pipe with the lower end part communicated with a water outlet of the water pump, the water injection pipe can adopt a flexible water injection pipe 32, the limiting unit 33 comprises a bracket 331 vertically arranged on the semi-submersible barge 1 and a telescopic part capable of transversely rotating around the bracket 331, one end of the telescopic part is fixedly connected with the water outlet 36 of the flexible water injection pipe 32, and the other end of the telescopic part is rotatably connected with the bracket 331 through a rotating part.
By adopting the structure of the automatic water adding device 3, the position of the water outlet 36 can be flexibly adjusted through the stretching and the transverse rotation of the telescopic part fixedly connected with the water outlet 36 of the flexible water injection pipe 32, so that the requirements of sequentially injecting water into all groups of communicated cells 21 of the caisson 2 after the caisson 2 is put on the semi-submersible barge 1 and is taken off the ship can be met, the water injection amount can be controlled by controlling the switch of the water pump 31 on the semi-submersible barge 1, and the construction of personnel at the top of the caisson 2 is not needed.
Specifically, the telescopic part is a telescopic pipe 332, the rotating part comprises a cylindrical shell 333 with a side wall communicated with one end of the telescopic pipe 332, a rotating shaft of a rotating motor 334 fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell 333, a through hole penetrating through the flexible water injection pipe 32 is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell 333, the telescopic pipe 332 and the cylindrical shell 333 are both sleeved outside the flexible water injection pipe 32, the support 331 is provided with a support rod 335 for fixedly mounting the rotating motor 334, the upper end of the support rod 335 is fixed on the bottom surface of the rotating motor 334, and the lower end is fixed on the semi-submersible barge 1.
For more accurate control caisson water injection process, make the technology of shipping easier to operate, automatic water injection unit that adds 3 still includes the water injection monitoring unit of the interior water injection amount of control caisson 2, water injection monitoring unit includes the water injection amount watch-dog of steerable water pump switch, install the wireless flowmeter 34 that is used for monitoring the interior water flow of water injection pipe on the water injection pipe, and install in caisson 2 and be used for monitoring a plurality of high frequency radar level gauges 35 of interior liquid level of cabin check 21, a high frequency radar level gauge 35 is all installed at the cabin check 21 top that every group communicates each other, high frequency radar level gauge 35 and wireless flowmeter 34 are all through radio signal connection water injection amount watch-dog. In the structure, the wireless flowmeter 34 signal that sets up on the water injection pipe passes through radio signal transmission with water injection monitoring unit, the high frequency radar level gauge 35 that sets up according to the regional division of ballast tank check 21 at 2 tops of caisson can realize the automatic monitoring of caisson ballast water level, high frequency radar level gauge 35 signal passes through radio signal transmission with water injection monitoring unit, water injection monitoring unit can monitor each ballast tank check water level, report to the police and control the water pump and stop adding water when reaching the design requirement water level, can be more nimble accurate realization automatic pump stopping function through high frequency radar level gauge 35 monitoring signal and the dual control of wireless flowmeter 34 monitoring signal.
In order to ensure that the top of the caisson 2 is constructed without people under the condition that the caisson 2 is not stable enough after being pressurized and loaded with water on a ship and needs to be installed by means of technologies such as assisting floating of a crane ship, the unmanned caisson safety delivery system further comprises the crane ship, and a lifting appliance which is matched with a lifting hole of the caisson 2 and can realize automatic hooking and unhooking is installed on a crane of the crane ship.
In the caisson discharging step of the discharging process of the discharging system, if the caisson 2 does not meet the self-stable discharging condition after being leveled on the ship, the caisson is hoisted by a hoisting tool which is arranged by a crane of the crane ship and can realize automatic hooking and unhooking.
The crane ship adopts a lifting appliance with an automatic hooking and unhooking function to connect the caisson 2, so that the manual-free operation can be realized in the process of lifting and releasing the caisson 2, and the manual-free operation of the caisson transportation process can be guaranteed under the condition that the crane ship needs to assist in floating by matching the automatic water adding device 3 and the automatic hooking and unhooking device 12 of the mooring rope 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the lifting appliance comprises a rectangular lifting frame 43 with four corners connected with a main lifting hook 41 of the lifting appliance arranged right above the rectangular lifting frame through a hanging rope 42, the lifting frame 43 is horizontally arranged, four hanging plates 44 are symmetrically arranged below the rectangular lifting frame 43, the lower part of each hanging plate 44 is hinged with a hook 45 connected with a lifting hole of the caisson 2, the outer surface of each hook 45 is provided with a unhooking plate 49, the unhooking plates 49 are connected with the end part of a lifting rod 47 through the hanging rope 42, the lifting rod 47 is arranged right above the rectangular lifting frame 43 and parallel to the side edge of the rectangular lifting frame 43, and the lifting rod 47 is connected with an auxiliary lifting hook 48 of the lifting appliance arranged right above the lifting frame through the hanging rope 42.
In the caisson discharging step of the discharging process of the discharging system, the process of connecting the lifting appliance with the caisson 2 comprises the steps that a main lifting hook 41 of the lifting ship lifts a lifting frame 43 to the upper part of the caisson, an auxiliary lifting hook 48 lifts a lifting rod 47 upwards to enable a hook 45 to rotate inwards, the position of the lifting appliance is monitored, a lifting arm of a crane is controlled to move until the hook 45 is positioned above a lifting hole of the caisson 2, the main lifting hook 41 is controlled to descend until the hook 45 is adjacent to the lifting hole of the caisson 2, and the auxiliary lifting hook 48 is controlled to descend until a hook head at the end part of the hook 45 enters the lifting hole of the caisson 2 to complete automatic hooking so that the lifting appliance is connected with the caisson 2; the process of hoist release caisson 2 includes treating the caisson water injection to satisfy self stable shipment condition after, control main lifting hook 41 descends to hanging rope 42 of being connected with it and relaxes, and control vice lifting hook 48 promotes jib 47 makes couple 45 rotate inwards, and couple 45 gib head breaks away from caisson 2 hole for hoist, and control main lifting hook 41 promotes, makes the hoist break away from caisson 2.
In order to more conveniently control the crane ship lifting tool to be in place and accurately find the caisson lifting hole, a limiting part capable of limiting the movement of the lifting rod 47 along the vertical direction is fixedly arranged above the frame of the rectangular lifting frame 43, the limiting part comprises two vertical limiting grooves 46 for clamping the side wall of the lifting rod 47, and the two vertical limiting grooves 46 are respectively arranged on two side edges of the rectangular lifting frame 43 which are arranged in parallel; a plurality of inverted Y-shaped guide grooves 5 with narrow parts 51 capable of clamping the partition plate 211 of the caisson cabin 21 are fixedly arranged below the frame of the rectangular hoisting frame 43, and the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves 5 are arranged perpendicular to the side edge of the rectangular hoisting frame 43 where the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves are arranged. The limiting groove 46 and the inverted Y-shaped guide groove 5 can assist the hook of the lifting appliance to take place to accurately find the lifting hole of the caisson in the process of lifting and connecting the caisson 2 by the crane, and the lifting appliance is more convenient to use.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A safety transport system for unmanned caisson comprises a semi-submersible barge, wherein a mooring rope used for tying the caisson is arranged on the semi-submersible barge and is provided with a hook used for connecting the caisson; the water supply mechanism is a water pump capable of extracting water outside the semi-submersible barge, the water injection pipe is a flexible water injection pipe with the lower end part communicated with a water outlet of the water pump, the limiting unit comprises a bracket which is vertically arranged on the semi-submersible barge and a telescopic part which can transversely rotate around the bracket, one end of the telescopic part is fixedly connected with a water outlet of the water injection pipe, and the other end of the telescopic part is rotatably connected with the bracket through a rotating part; the telescopic part is a telescopic pipe, the rotary part comprises a cylindrical shell body with a side wall communicated with one end of the telescopic pipe, the rotating shaft of a rotating motor fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell body is provided with a through hole for penetrating the flexible water injection pipe, the telescopic pipe and the cylindrical shell body are all sleeved outside the flexible water injection pipe, the support is provided with a support rod for fixedly mounting the rotating motor, the upper end of the support rod is fixed on the bottom surface of the rotating motor, and the lower end of the support rod is fixed on a semi-submersible barge.
2. The unmanned caisson safety shipment system of claim 1, wherein the automatic water filling apparatus further comprises a water filling monitoring unit for controlling the amount of water filled in the caisson, the water filling monitoring unit comprises a water filling monitor for controlling the switch of the water pump, a wireless flow meter mounted on the water filling pipe for monitoring the flow rate of water in the water filling pipe, and a plurality of high frequency radar level gauges mounted on the caisson for monitoring the liquid level in the compartments, one high frequency radar level gauge is mounted on the top of each group of compartments that are communicated with each other, and both the high frequency radar level gauges and the wireless flow meter are connected to the water filling monitor through radio signals.
3. The unmanned caisson safety outward-conveying system of claim 1, further comprising a crane ship, wherein a crane of the crane ship is provided with a lifting appliance which can realize automatic hooking and unhooking and is matched with the caisson lifting hole.
4. The unmanned safe caisson transportation system of claim 3, wherein the hanger comprises a rectangular hoisting frame with four corners connected with the main lifting hook of the crane directly above the rectangular hoisting frame through hanging ropes, the hoisting frame is horizontally arranged, four hanging plates are symmetrically arranged below the rectangular hoisting frame, the lower part of each hanging plate is hinged with a hook connected with the hoisting hole of the caisson, the outer surface of each hook is provided with a unhooking plate, the unhooking plates are connected with the end parts of the hanging rods through the hanging ropes, the hanging rods are positioned directly above the rectangular hoisting frame and are arranged in parallel with the side edges of the rectangular hoisting frame, and the hanging rods are connected with the auxiliary lifting hooks of the crane directly above the hanging ropes through the hanging ropes.
5. The unmanned caisson safe delivery system of claim 4, wherein a limiting part capable of limiting the movement of the suspension rod along the vertical direction is fixedly arranged above the frame of the rectangular hoisting frame, the limiting part comprises two vertical limiting grooves for clamping the side walls of the suspension rod, and the two vertical limiting grooves are respectively arranged on two side edges of the rectangular hoisting frame which are arranged in parallel; a plurality of inverted Y-shaped guide grooves with narrow parts capable of clamping the caisson cabin partition plates are fixedly mounted below the frame of the rectangular hoisting frame, and the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves are perpendicular to the side edge of the rectangular hoisting frame where the inverted Y-shaped guide grooves are located.
6. An unmanned caisson safety shipping process, wherein the unmanned caisson safety shipping system of any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising the steps of:
loading the caisson on a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pulled to the shore and in place, the caisson is pulled to the deck of the semi-submersible barge after the onshore prefabrication is finished, and is connected and fixed with the semi-submersible barge through a hook of a cable, the cable and the hook are provided with an automatic unhooking device, and workers at the top of the caisson withdraw from the caisson; the top of the caisson cabin lattice is provided with an opening, the water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to the position of the opening above the caisson cabin lattice through the limiting unit, the automatic water adding device arranged on the semi-submersible barge is started to inject water into the caisson cabin lattice from the top of the caisson, and the automatic water adding device is closed to stop injecting water when the ship is loaded and water is required to be added;
towing on the sea: carrying the caisson to a submergence area by using a semi-submerged barge;
on-board leveling: anchoring and positioning the semi-submersible barge, submerging the semi-submersible barge to a specified depth under pressurized water carrying, adjusting a water outlet of the automatic water adding device to an opening position above the caisson compartment lattice through a limiting unit, starting the automatic water adding device to inject water into the caisson compartment lattice to adjust the balance of the caisson, and closing the automatic water adding device to stop adding water after the caisson compartment lattice is injected with water to meet the ship-landing condition;
lowering the caisson into a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pressurized again to carry water to submerge to the safe outlet height of the caisson and then stops submerging, whether the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself after being leveled on the ship is judged, if the caisson meets the outlet condition, the caisson is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to a safe distance by a tugboat, if the caisson does not meet the outlet condition, a crane ship is adopted to assist in floating, after the caisson is hoisted by the crane ship and is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to the safe distance, a water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to an opening position above a caisson cabin lattice through a limiting unit, the automatic water adding device is started to inject water to the caisson cabin lattice until the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself, and the crane ship releases the caisson;
sinking and installing: and controlling the automatic unhooking device to unhook the hook of the cable, disconnecting the caisson from the semi-submersible barge, and towing the caisson to a sinking point through a tugboat to continue sinking and mounting.
7. An unmanned caisson safe shipment process, wherein the unmanned caisson safe shipment system of any one of claims 3 to 5 is used, comprising the steps of:
loading the caisson on a ship: the semi-submersible barge is laid in place, the caisson is towed to a deck of the semi-submersible barge after the onshore prefabrication is completed, and is fixedly connected with the semi-submersible barge through a hook of a cable, the cable and the hook are provided with an automatic unhooking device, and workers on the top of the caisson withdraw from the caisson; the top of the caisson cabin lattice is provided with an opening, the water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to the position of the opening above the caisson cabin lattice through the limiting unit, the automatic water adding device arranged on the semi-submersible barge is started to inject water into the caisson cabin lattice from the top of the caisson, and the automatic water adding device is closed to stop injecting water when the ship is loaded and the water is required to be filled;
towing on the sea: carrying the caisson to a submergence area by using a semi-submerged barge;
on-board leveling: anchoring and positioning a semi-submersible barge, carrying out pressurized water carrying on the semi-submersible barge to submerge to a specified depth, adjusting a water outlet of an automatic water adding device to an opening position above a caisson compartment through a limiting unit, starting the automatic water adding device to inject water into the caisson compartment to adjust balance of the caisson, and closing the automatic water adding device to stop adding water after the caisson compartment is injected with water to meet a ship-landing condition;
lowering the caisson into a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pressurized again to carry water to submerge to the safe export height of the caisson and then stops submerging, whether the caisson meets the self-stable export condition after being leveled on the ship is judged, if the caisson meets the export condition, the caisson is dragged by a tugboat to leave the semi-submersible barge to a safe distance, if the caisson does not meet the export condition, a crane ship is adopted to assist in floating, after the caisson is hoisted by the crane ship and is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to the safe distance, a water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to an opening position above a caisson cabin lattice through a limiting unit, the automatic water adding device is started to inject water into the caisson cabin lattice until the caisson meets the self-stable export condition, and the crane ship releases the caisson; if the caisson does not meet the self-stable delivery condition after being leveled on the ship, a lifting appliance which is arranged by a crane of the crane ship and can realize automatic hooking and unhooking is adopted to lift the caisson;
sinking and mounting: and controlling the automatic unhooking device to unhook the hook of the cable, disconnecting the caisson from the semi-submersible barge, and towing the caisson to a sinking point through a tug to continue sinking and installing.
8. An unmanned caisson safety transportation process, wherein the unmanned caisson safety transportation system of claim 4 or 5 is used, comprising the steps of:
loading the caisson on a ship: the semi-submersible barge is laid in place, the caisson is towed to a deck of the semi-submersible barge after the onshore prefabrication is completed, and is fixedly connected with the semi-submersible barge through a hook of a cable, the cable and the hook are provided with an automatic unhooking device, and workers on the top of the caisson withdraw from the caisson; the top of the caisson cabin lattice is provided with an opening, the water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to the position of the opening above the caisson cabin lattice through the limiting unit, the automatic water adding device arranged on the semi-submersible barge is started to inject water into the caisson cabin lattice from the top of the caisson, and the automatic water adding device is closed to stop injecting water when the ship is loaded and the water is required to be filled;
towing on the sea: carrying the caisson to a submergence area by using a semi-submerged barge;
on-board leveling: anchoring and positioning the semi-submersible barge, submerging the semi-submersible barge to a specified depth under pressurized water carrying, adjusting a water outlet of the automatic water adding device to an opening position above the caisson compartment lattice through a limiting unit, starting the automatic water adding device to inject water into the caisson compartment lattice to adjust the balance of the caisson, and closing the automatic water adding device to stop adding water after the caisson compartment lattice is injected with water to meet the ship-landing condition;
lowering the caisson into a ship: the semi-submersible barge is pressurized again to carry water to submerge to the safe outlet height of the caisson and then stops submerging, whether the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself after being leveled on the ship is judged, if the caisson meets the outlet condition, the caisson is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to a safe distance by a tugboat, if the caisson does not meet the outlet condition, a crane ship is adopted to assist in floating, after the caisson is hoisted by the crane ship and is dragged to leave the semi-submersible barge to the safe distance, a water outlet of the automatic water adding device is adjusted to an opening position above a caisson cabin lattice through a limiting unit, the automatic water adding device is started to inject water to the caisson cabin lattice until the caisson meets the stable outlet condition of the caisson itself, and the crane ship releases the caisson; if the caisson does not meet the self-stable delivery condition after the caisson is leveled on the ship, a lifting appliance which is arranged by a crane of the crane ship and can realize automatic hooking and unhooking is adopted to lift the caisson; the process of connecting the lifting appliance with the caisson comprises the steps that a main lifting hook of the lifting ship lifts a lifting frame to the position above the caisson, an auxiliary lifting hook lifts a lifting rod upwards to enable a hook to rotate inwards, the position of the lifting appliance is monitored, a lifting arm of a crane is controlled to move to the position where the hook is located above a lifting hole of the caisson, the main lifting hook is controlled to descend to the position where the hook is adjacent to the lifting hole of the caisson, and the auxiliary lifting hook is controlled to descend to the position where a hook head at the end part of the hook enters the lifting hole of the caisson to complete automatic hooking to enable the lifting appliance to be connected with the caisson; the process of releasing the caisson by the lifting appliance comprises the steps of controlling the main lifting hook to descend until a hanging rope connected with the main lifting hook is loosened after the caisson is injected with water until the caisson meets self-stable delivery conditions, controlling the auxiliary lifting hook to lift the hanging rod to enable the hanging hook to rotate inwards, enabling the hook head of the hanging hook to be separated from a lifting hole of the caisson, and controlling the main lifting hook to lift to enable the lifting appliance to be separated from the caisson;
sinking and installing: and controlling the automatic unhooking device to unhook the hook of the cable, disconnecting the caisson from the semi-submersible barge, and towing the caisson to a sinking point through a tug to continue sinking and installing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811577856.XA CN109403365B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Safe outgoing system and process for unmanned caisson |
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| CN201811577856.XA CN109403365B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Safe outgoing system and process for unmanned caisson |
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| CN109403365B true CN109403365B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109811780B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2024-03-22 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Safe caisson water injection and drainage system and water injection and drainage process |
| CN110525603B (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2023-06-06 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Safety and transportation system of marine defense radar |
| CN114138026A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-04 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Automatic water adding process for caisson |
| CN115045315A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-13 | 中交一航局第五工程有限公司 | Caisson transportation, installation and construction overall process monitoring and management platform and method |
| CN117687325A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-12 | 中国海洋大学 | Remote control system for offshore caisson shipment |
| CN118206002A (en) * | 2024-05-22 | 2024-06-18 | 山东港口渤海湾港集团有限公司 | Hoisting structure for installing wind turbine generator system base harbor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1082043A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-31 | Maeda Corp | Caisson with crane |
| KR100897369B1 (en) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-05-15 | 주식회사 동아지질 | Method of constructing ocean structure |
| CN101858067B (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-08-31 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Process for vertically prefabricating, turning, centering and installing semi-circle body on water |
| CN106677258B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-01-22 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | A kind of mounting process of power plant sea water intake caisson |
| CN108482580B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-03-10 | 上海船舶研究设计院（中国船舶工业集团公司第六0四研究院） | Ballast system, floating dock and floating dock system |
| CN209323548U (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-08-30 | 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 | Unmanned caisson goes out safely fortune system |
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