CN109391030B - On-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of high-voltage transmission line - Google Patents
On-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of high-voltage transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a high tension transmission line gallows and online monitoring system of vibration is applicable to among three-phase transmission line that one-phase transmission line is OPPC optical cable, include: the system comprises optical processing equipment, base station equipment and remote monitoring center equipment; the optical processing equipment comprises a laser emitting unit, a circulator, a photoelectric conversion unit and a processing unit; the laser emission unit is connected with a first port of the circulator, a second port of the circulator is connected with an OPPC optical cable, a third port of the circulator is connected with the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the processing unit; the processing unit is connected with base station equipment, and the base station equipment is connected with remote monitoring center equipment; the optical processing unit is used for obtaining vibration information of the sampling point; the base station equipment is used for transmitting the vibration information of the sampling points to the remote monitoring center equipment, and the remote monitoring center equipment analyzes the vibration and waving states of the corresponding OPPC optical cable according to the vibration information of the sampling points. The method and the device can realize simultaneous monitoring of the oscillation state and the vibration state of the OPPC optical cable transmission line.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of monitoring of high-voltage transmission lines, and particularly relates to a high-voltage transmission line galloping and vibration online monitoring system.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of power systems and the wide construction of ultrahigh voltage lines, accidents caused by galloping and vibration are more and more frequent, the strength is obviously increased, and the galloping and the vibration of high-voltage transmission lines become one of important factors threatening the safety of the lines.
The galloping is usually monitored by means of an acceleration sensor, which is arranged on the power transmission line and determines galloping information from the acceleration values. Breeze vibrations are typically measured by strain gauges provided on the transmission line for determining vibration information from resistance changes. Due to the limitation of acceleration and strain gauge measurement principles, the galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line cannot be monitored simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high tension transmission line galloping and vibration on-line monitoring system for solve among the prior art galloping and the defect that vibration information can not monitor simultaneously.
In an embodiment of the present application, the on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of a high-voltage transmission line is suitable for an OPPC optical cable for a three-phase transmission line, and includes: the system comprises optical processing equipment, base station equipment and remote monitoring center equipment; the optical processing equipment comprises a laser emitting unit, a circulator, a photoelectric conversion unit and a processing unit;
the laser emission unit is connected with a first port of the circulator, a second port of the circulator is connected with an OPPC optical cable, a third port of the circulator is connected with the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the processing unit; the processing unit is connected with base station equipment, and the base station equipment is connected with remote monitoring center equipment;
the laser emission unit is used for injecting optical pulses with certain frequency and pulse width into the OPPC optical cable through the circulator, the optical pulses injected into the OPPC optical cable generate Rayleigh back scattering light, and the Rayleigh back scattering light is transmitted through the circulator to enter the photoelectric conversion unit along the direction opposite to the optical pulses; the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting an optical signal into an electric signal; the processing unit is used for sampling the electric signal at a high speed, demodulating and smoothing the electric signal of the sampling point to obtain the vibration frequency and the smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, and combining the vibration frequency and the smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, the sampling time and the optical processing equipment ID to obtain the vibration information of the sampling point;
the base station equipment is used for transmitting the vibration information of the sampling points to the remote monitoring center equipment, and the remote monitoring center equipment analyzes the vibration and waving states of the corresponding OPPC optical cable according to the vibration information of the sampling points.
In a further embodiment of the present application, an optical processing device is disposed at every predetermined distance, or the optical processing device is disposed at a substation; the base station equipment is arranged on the tower.
In a further embodiment of the present application, the optical processing apparatus further includes an optical fiber interferometer disposed between the third port of the circulator and the photoelectric conversion unit, for performing interferometric modulation on the rayleigh backscattered light.
In a further embodiment of the present application, the laser emitting unit includes a laser emitter, an optical modulator, and an optical power amplifier, which are connected in sequence; the optical power amplifier is connected with the first port of the circulator;
the laser emitter is used for emitting laser, the laser generates optical pulse with certain frequency and pulse width after the action of the optical modulator, and the optical pulse enters the circulator after passing through the optical power amplifier.
In a further embodiment of the present application, the process of demodulating and smoothing the electrical signal at the sampling point by the processing unit includes:
converting the electric signal of the sampling point into the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the sampling point by using HHT (Hilbert-Huang transform);
and for any sampling point, carrying out moving average processing on the vibration amplitudes of a plurality of sampling points near the sampling point to obtain the vibration amplitude of the sampling point after smoothing.
Further, the vibration amplitude of the sampling point is subjected to moving average processing through the following formula:
wherein, yiThe vibration amplitude of the smoothed sampling point i, N is the number of sampling points, xi-nIs the vibration amplitude of the i-n sampling point, hnThe weights of the i-n sample points.
In a further embodiment of the present application, the vibration and waving status process of the remote monitoring center device analyzing the corresponding OPPC optical cable according to the vibration information of the sampling point includes:
determining the monitoring distance of a sampling point according to the frequency and the sampling time of the optical pulse;
for sampling points in mT sampling times in a preset monitoring distance, respectively comparing the vibration amplitudes of the sampling points with an amplitude threshold value, and comparing the vibration frequencies of the sampling points with a vibration threshold value;
if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are larger than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is smaller than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates galloping;
and if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are smaller than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is larger than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates vibration.
In a further embodiment of the present application, the remote monitoring center is further configured to: collecting frequency waveforms of various transmission line faults for a period of time;
extracting the characteristics of fault frequency waveforms of various power transmission lines, wherein the characteristics of the fault frequency waveforms of the power transmission lines comprise wave head amplitude, wave head rising edge change rate, wave head falling edge change rate, wave tail falling edge change rate and traveling wave amplitude ranges;
and establishing a characteristic database according to the characteristics of various fault frequency waveforms so as to analyze specific line faults according to the characteristic database.
In a further embodiment of the application, the on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line further comprises a power supply system, which is connected with the base station equipment and used for supplying power to the base station equipment;
the power supply system comprises a battery, wind power generation equipment and solar power generation equipment, wherein the wind power generation equipment and the solar power generation equipment are connected with the battery and used for charging the battery.
The on-line monitoring system for the galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line is suitable for OPPC optical cables, the sensing distance can reach 30km, and the on-line monitoring system has the characteristics of high positioning precision and strong real-time performance; meanwhile, the ultra-low frequency 0.1-5 Hz waving state and hundreds of Hz conductor vibration state of a single OPPC optical cable transmission line can be simultaneously monitored through the optical processing equipment, so that the load and the maintenance cost of the transmission line are reduced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of a high-voltage transmission line according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of a high-voltage transmission line according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a demodulation smoothing process according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present application for analyzing vibration and waving status of a corresponding OPPC fiber optic cable;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a fault database establishment process according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical features and effects of the present application more obvious, the technical solutions of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present application may also be described or implemented by other different specific examples, and any equivalent changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims are included in the protection scope of the present application.
In the description herein, reference to the term "an embodiment," "a specific embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in the embodiments is for illustrative purposes to illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps is not limited and can be adjusted as needed.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of a high-voltage transmission line according to an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment is suitable for one-phase transmission lines of three-phase transmission lines, is an OPPC optical cable, has the sensing distance of 30km, and has the characteristics of high positioning precision and strong real-time property. Meanwhile, the ultra-low frequency 0.1-5 Hz waving state and hundreds of Hz conductor vibration state of a single OPPC optical cable transmission line can be simultaneously monitored through the optical processing equipment, so that the load and the maintenance cost of the transmission line are reduced.
Specifically, the on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line comprises: the system comprises optical processing equipment 101, base station equipment 102 and remote monitoring center equipment 103; the optical processing apparatus 101 includes a laser emitting unit 201, a circulator 202, a photoelectric conversion unit 203, and a processing unit 204.
The laser emitting unit 201 is connected to a first port of the circulator 202, a second port of the circulator is connected to an OPPC optical cable, a third port of the circulator is connected to the photoelectric conversion unit 203, and the photoelectric conversion unit 203 is connected to the processing unit 204; the processing unit 204 is connected with the base station device 102, and the base station device 102 is connected with the remote monitoring center device 103.
The laser emitting unit 201 is configured to inject an optical pulse with a certain frequency and a certain pulse width (the frequency of the optical pulse may be determined by the length of the monitoring OPPC cable, and the pulse width is determined by the spatial resolution) into the OPPC cable through the circulator 202, the optical pulse injected into the OPPC cable generates rayleigh backscattered light, the rayleigh backscattered light propagates through the circulator 202 in the direction opposite to the optical pulse and enters the photoelectric conversion unit 203, the circulator 202 is configured to isolate the input optical pulse and the returned rayleigh backscattered light, and the rayleigh backscattered light returned by the OPPC cable is scattered by the OPPC cable at different positions at different times; the photoelectric conversion unit 203 is for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal; the processing unit 204 is configured to sample the electrical signal at a high speed (> 100MS/s), demodulate and smooth the electrical signal at the sampling point to obtain a vibration frequency and a smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, and combine the vibration frequency and the smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, the sampling time, and the optical processing device ID to obtain vibration information of the sampling point.
The base station device 102 is configured to forward the vibration information of the sampling point to the remote monitoring center device 103, and the remote monitoring center device 103 analyzes the vibration and waving information of the corresponding OPPC optical cable according to the vibration information of the sampling point.
In detail, the processing unit is connected to the base station device in a wired or wireless manner, and similarly, the base station device is also connected to the remote monitoring center device in a wired or wireless manner, which is not limited in this application.
The sampling time can be accurate to century seconds and occupies 4 bytes; the unit of the vibration amplitude after smoothing is mu epsilon, the vibration amplitude is accurate to one bit and occupies 2 bytes; the unit of vibration frequency is Hz, 2 bits are accurate to decimal point, and the vibration frequency occupies 4 bytes; the light processing device ID may be a code composed of numbers and letters, for example, 17 bytes of ID with 17-bit code. When the optical processing equipment is installed, the ID of the optical processing equipment and the geographical position where the optical processing equipment is located are bound together, and the OPPC optical cable monitoring range can be determined according to the ID of the optical processing equipment.
In a further embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, in order to solve the problem of difficult power supply of the base station, the on-line monitoring system for galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line further includes a power supply system 104, connected to the base station device 102, for supplying power to the base station device. The power supply system 104 includes a battery, a wind power generation device and a solar power generation device, and the wind power generation device and the solar power generation device are connected to the battery for charging the battery.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure that the measurement area is covered completely, an optical processing device is disposed at every predetermined distance, or the optical processing device is disposed at a substation. The base station equipment is arranged on the tower.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present application, the optical processing apparatus 101 further includes a fiber interferometer 205 disposed between the third port of the circulator 202 and the photoelectric conversion unit 203 for performing interferometric modulation on the rayleigh backscattered light. The rayleigh backscattered light modulated by the fiber interferometer 205 can obtain the variation of the external influence on the phase through the change of the optical striations.
Further, the laser emitting unit 201 includes a laser emitter 301, an optical modulator 302 and an optical power amplifier 303 connected in sequence; the optical power amplifier 303 is connected with a first port of the circulator;
the laser transmitter 301 is configured to emit laser light, and the laser light is acted on by the optical modulator 302 to generate an optical pulse with a certain frequency and a certain pulse width, and the optical pulse enters the circulator 202 after passing through the optical power amplifier 303.
As shown in fig. 3, in a further embodiment of the present application, the process of performing demodulation and smoothing processing on the electrical signal at the sampling point by the processing unit 204 includes:
and 402, for any sampling point, performing sliding average processing on the vibration amplitudes of a plurality of sampling points near the sampling point to obtain the vibration amplitude of the sampling point after smoothing.
According to the embodiment, the remote monitoring center equipment can rapidly and visually determine the waving and vibration conditions according to the smoothed vibration amplitude.
Further, in the step 402, the vibration amplitudes of the sampling points are subjected to moving average processing by the following formula, where the moving average processing corrects the vibration amplitudes of the sampling points according to the vibration amplitudes of N sampling points near a certain sampling point, so that the vibration amplitudes are sufficiently smooth, and the purpose of noise reduction is achieved:
wherein, yiThe vibration amplitude of the smoothed sampling point i, N is the number of sampling points, xi-nIs the vibration amplitude of the i-n sampling point, hnThe weights of the i-n sample points.
In detail, the weight of each sampling point can be determined according to the influence of surrounding sampling points, and the specific determination mode of the weight of the sampling point is not limited in the application. If the weights of the sampling points are the same, the above equation (2) can be expressed by the following equation (3), and the above equation (1) can be expressed by the following equation (4):
as shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present application, a process of analyzing the vibration and waving state of the corresponding OPPC optical cable by the remote monitoring center device 103 according to the vibration information of the sampling point includes:
if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are larger than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is smaller than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates galloping;
and if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are smaller than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is larger than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates vibration.
As shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment of the present application, in order to facilitate subsequent analysis of the line fault type, the remote monitoring center is further configured to establish a fault database, specifically, the establishing process of the fault database includes:
step 601: and collecting frequency waveforms of various transmission line faults for a period of time.
Step 602: and extracting the characteristics of the fault frequency waveforms of various power transmission lines, wherein the characteristics of the fault frequency waveforms of the power transmission lines comprise wave head amplitude, wave head rising edge change rate, wave head falling edge change rate, wave tail falling edge change rate and traveling wave amplitude range. For example, for a fault caused by a branch or a foreign matter hanging line contacting a wire, the fault has the characteristics of slow change of the falling edge of the wave head, steep rising edge of the wave head and small amplitude (for example, less than 100A) of the traveling wave; for discharge faults caused by factors such as air thermal dissociation and smoke dust due to mountain fire, the method has the characteristics of slow wave head rising edge, slow wave tail falling edge and small traveling wave amplitude (less than 50A); the method has the characteristics of large traveling wave amplitude and steep rising edge of a wave head for the flashover fault caused by the reduction of the insulating property due to the ice coating on the surface of the insulator; for the fault that the safe distance is insufficient due to the operation of a crane close to a wire, the fault has the characteristics that the rising edge of the wave head is very steep, the falling edge of the wave tail is the steepest in the non-lightning fault, and the traveling wave amplitude is large (can reach the kiloampere level).
Step 603: and establishing a characteristic database according to the characteristics of various fault frequency waveforms.
The on-line monitoring system for the galloping and vibration of the high-voltage transmission line is suitable for OPPC optical cables, the sensing distance can reach 30km, and the on-line monitoring system has the characteristics of high positioning precision and strong real-time performance; meanwhile, the ultra-low frequency 0.1-5 Hz waving state and hundreds of Hz conductor vibration state of a single OPPC optical cable transmission line can be simultaneously monitored through the optical processing equipment, so that the load and the maintenance cost of the transmission line are reduced.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, and any person skilled in the art can modify and change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the claims of the present application shall be subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high tension transmission line gallows and vibration on-line monitoring system which characterized in that is applicable to among three-phase transmission line that one-phase transmission line is OPPC optical cable, includes: the system comprises optical processing equipment, base station equipment and remote monitoring center equipment; the optical processing equipment comprises a laser emitting unit, a circulator, a photoelectric conversion unit and a processing unit;
the laser emission unit is connected with a first port of the circulator, a second port of the circulator is connected with an OPPC optical cable, a third port of the circulator is connected with the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the processing unit; the processing unit is connected with base station equipment, and the base station equipment is connected with remote monitoring center equipment;
the laser emission unit is used for injecting optical pulses with certain frequency and pulse width into the OPPC optical cable through the circulator, the optical pulses injected into the OPPC optical cable generate Rayleigh back scattering light, and the Rayleigh back scattering light is transmitted through the circulator to enter the photoelectric conversion unit along the direction opposite to the optical pulses; the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting an optical signal into an electric signal; the processing unit is used for sampling the electric signal at a high speed, demodulating and smoothing the electric signal of the sampling point to obtain the vibration frequency and the smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, and combining the vibration frequency and the smoothed vibration amplitude of the sampling point, the sampling time and the optical processing equipment ID to obtain the vibration information of the sampling point;
the base station equipment is used for forwarding the vibration information of the sampling point to the remote monitoring center equipment, and the remote monitoring center equipment analyzes the vibration and the waving state of the corresponding OPPC optical cable according to the vibration information of the sampling point, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the monitoring distance of a sampling point according to the frequency and the sampling time of the optical pulse;
for sampling points in mT sampling times in a preset monitoring distance, respectively comparing the vibration amplitudes of the sampling points with an amplitude threshold value, and comparing the vibration frequencies of the sampling points with a vibration threshold value;
if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are larger than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is smaller than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates galloping;
if the vibration amplitude values of the sampling points are smaller than the amplitude threshold value and the vibration frequency of the sampling points is larger than the vibration threshold value, determining that the OPPC optical cable corresponding to the sampling points generates vibration;
the remote monitoring center equipment is also used for establishing a fault database, and comprises the following steps:
collecting frequency waveforms of various transmission line faults for a period of time;
extracting the characteristics of fault frequency waveforms of various power transmission lines, wherein the characteristics of the fault frequency waveforms of the power transmission lines comprise wave head amplitude, wave head rising edge change rate, wave head falling edge change rate, wave tail falling edge change rate and traveling wave amplitude ranges;
and establishing a characteristic database according to the characteristics of various fault frequency waveforms so as to analyze specific line faults according to the characteristic database.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a light processing device is provided at every predetermined distance or at a substation; the base station equipment is arranged on the tower.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the optical processing device further comprises a fiber optic interferometer disposed between the third port of the circulator and the photoelectric conversion unit for interferometric modulation of rayleigh backscattered light.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser emitting unit comprises a laser emitter, an optical modulator and an optical power amplifier connected in sequence; the optical power amplifier is connected with the first port of the circulator;
the laser emitter is used for emitting laser, the laser generates optical pulse with certain frequency and pulse width after the action of the optical modulator, and the optical pulse enters the circulator after passing through the optical power amplifier.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing unit performs demodulation smoothing on the electrical signals at the sampling points by:
converting the electric signal of the sampling point into the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude of the sampling point by using HHT (Hilbert-Huang transform);
and for any sampling point, carrying out moving average processing on the vibration amplitudes of a plurality of sampling points near the sampling point to obtain the vibration amplitude of the sampling point after smoothing.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the magnitude of the vibration at the sample points is moving averaged by the formula:
wherein, yiThe vibration amplitude of the smoothed sampling point i, N is the number of sampling points, xi-nIs the vibration amplitude of the i-n sampling point, hnThe weights of the i-n sample points.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a power supply system connected to the base station device for supplying power to the base station device;
the power supply system comprises a battery, wind power generation equipment and solar power generation equipment, wherein the wind power generation equipment and the solar power generation equipment are connected with the battery and used for charging the battery.
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CN101470013B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2010-10-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Overhead transmission line galloping monitoring method and apparatus |
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CN205175547U (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-04-20 | 西安工程大学 | On -line monitoring sensor is synthesized to transmission line conductor vibration |
CN105222882B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-07-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Transmission line of electricity aeolian vibration on-line monitoring system |
CN106969824A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-21 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | It is a kind of that vibration detecting device and demodulating algorithm are waved based on distribution type fiber-optic |
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2017
- 2017-08-11 CN CN201710684352.7A patent/CN109391030B/en active Active
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