CN109388914B - Explosive internal explosion power evaluation method based on prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylindrical device - Google Patents
Explosive internal explosion power evaluation method based on prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylindrical device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an explosive internal explosion power evaluation method based on a prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylindrical device, which is characterized in that according to the characteristic that anti-ship weapon ammunition explodes in a cabin, a cylindrical test device for simulating the explosion effect in the ship cabin after perforation of strip-shaped fragments is used as a carrier, a data acquisition method, a measuring point arrangement method and a data processing method for representing parameters of the power evaluation method are determined, and the explosive internal explosion power evaluation method is established. The invention overcomes the defects that the existing internal explosion power evaluation method can only reflect the damage effect of shock waves and quasi-static pressure and is difficult to reflect the ubiquitous shock wave-fragment composite damage effect in a real scene, comprehensively reflects the explosion effect of explosives in a cabin structure, and is beneficial to more objectively and scientifically evaluating the internal explosion power of anti-ship internal explosion weapons and screening and evaluating supported explosive charges.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of damage assessment, mainly relates to an explosive internal explosion power evaluation method, and particularly relates to an explosive internal explosion power evaluation method based on a prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylindrical device.
Background
The power evaluation of the ammunition is a key link in the research and application of the ammunition, and the power of the ammunition needs to be comprehensively evaluated according to various damage parameters of the ammunition. The ammunition explosion power evaluation method of the open space is mature, and power parameters such as overpressure, impulse, fragment speed and distribution of shock waves are generally selected as indexes to evaluate. Due to space constraint, the explosion rule of ammunition in closed structures such as a cabin and the like is greatly different from that of an open space. On one hand, the shock wave has a multi-peak phenomenon due to reflection, convergence, refraction and the like of the internal explosion shock wave in the closed structure, so that the shock wave effect is obviously enhanced; on the other hand, due to the shock wave effect of explosives in addition to detonation, significant, long-lasting quasi-static pressures are generated during post-combustion. Therefore, the explosive has multiple types of damage elements and complex action rule.
Particularly, when anti-ship weapon ammunition explodes in the cabin structure, holes can be formed by armor piercing of a warhead, fragment piercing and the like, the action area of shock waves is reduced due to the fragment piercing, and the structural characteristics of the cabin are obviously changed due to stress concentration around the piercing, so that not only is the shock wave energy acting on the whole plastic deformation of the cabin structure influenced, but also partial energy acts on the expansion of the holes due to the existence of the holes to form cracks, and the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect is generated. At the moment, the explosion energy can not completely act on the structure, the internal explosion effect can be further influenced, compared with the explosion in a completely closed space, the explosive explosion and structure coupling effect is more obvious, and the influence of the target structure on the internal explosion power of the explosive is larger. The shock wave-fragment composite damage effect is universally existed in the explosion scene of real anti-ship weapon ammunition in a ship cabin, and the composite action factors of fragments and shock waves are considered to comprehensively and objectively reflect the explosive power in the ammunition.
The explosive implosion energy comprises energy released in the processes of detonation and post-combustion, and corresponds to shock wave pressure and quasi-static pressure respectively. The shock wave pressure characterizes the energy released by the detonation process, but does not reflect the energy released by the post-combustion process, whereas the quasi-static pressure characterizes the total energy of the explosion. The existing explosive implosion power evaluation methods include a shock wave overpressure-impulse method, a quasi-static pressure method, a shock wave impulse-quasi-static pressure method and the like. The evaluation methods are more based on the consideration of the shock wave effect, and lack of an evaluation method for explosive internal explosion power integrating multiple damage modes, and the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect of anti-ship ammunition in a real application scene is not considered, so that the characterization parameters in the existing evaluation method only can characterize and reflect the damage effects of shock waves and quasi-static pressure, and cannot reflect the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect of ammunition, and the real internal explosion power of anti-ship ammunition is difficult to be comprehensively and effectively reflected.
Thus, the deficiencies and drawbacks of the prior art are: the evaluation method for objectively and comprehensively reflecting the internal explosion power of the anti-ship weapon ammunition by comprehensively considering the shock wave action, the quasi-static pressure action and the shock wave-fragment composite damage action of the anti-ship weapon ammunition exploding in the ship cabin is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings of the existing evaluation technology, the invention aims to realize shock wave-fragment composite loading by prefabricating a strip-shaped hole simulating fragment perforation in the center of a steel thin plate and installing the strip-shaped hole at one end of an inner explosion device on the basis of a metal plate widely applied to various targets of airplanes, ships and vehicles by using the cylindrical device as a test carrier, reflect the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect through the integral plastic deformation of the thin plate and the deformation of the prefabricated strip-shaped hole, perform an explosive inner explosion test of the prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylindrical device, collect damage parameters of the shock wave, quasi-static pressure and the shock wave-fragment composite effect of inner explosion, and provide a method for comprehensively evaluating the explosive power in anti-warship weapon ammunition from the aspect of energy so as to support the screening evaluation of anti-warship ammunition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an explosive internal explosion power evaluation method based on a prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylinder device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: layout for internal explosion test
An explosive device in a cylinder is adopted, an explosive is arranged at the geometric center of the cylinder, one end of the cylinder is a circular end cover, and the thickness of a steel plate is 12mm; the other end is a metal sheet with prefabricated holes, the material is Q235 steel, the thickness is 1.5mm, a strip-shaped crevasse with the thickness of 56mm multiplied by 6mm is prefabricated in the geometric center, and the sheet is connected with the cylinder wall through a flange plate. And the center of the cylinder wall, the corner and the center of the cylinder end cover are respectively provided with a shock wave pressure sensor for measuring the shock wave pressure of three typical measuring points during explosion in the explosive, and the cylinder wall is provided with a quasi-static pressure sensor for measuring the quasi-static pressure in the cylinder structure after explosion in the explosive.
Step two: internal explosion power characterization parameter acquisition and processing
After the internal explosion test, the shock wave pressure impulse I of the measuring points at three positions is obtained by processing the shock wave pressure result obtained by the shock wave pressure sensor 1 、I 2 、I 3 (ii) a Obtaining a quasi-static pressure peak P in a cylinder by processing a quasi-static pressure sensor test curve qs . Unloading the prefabricated strip-shaped hole thin plate, and measuring the deflection D of the central point of the thin plate by using a vernier caliper c And a pre-strip hole crack length L.
Step three: explosive internal explosion power evaluation method
On the basis of the impulse-quasi-static pressure method, plastic deformation and crack propagation which characterize the deformation performance of the thin plate are added to reflect the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect. From the energy perspective, selecting evaluation parameters representing detonation energy, post-combustion energy and deformation energy, and comprehensively evaluating explosive implosion power.
In the evaluation method, impulse I of three typical measuring points is used 1 、I 2 、I 3 Characterization of detonation energy of detonation within the charge, using quasi-static pressure peak P qs The post-combustion energy of the explosive is characterized. Plastic deformation energy of fixed supporting circular plate under uniform impulse
k is the thickness h of the plate and the dynamic yield stress sigma d And a function of the Poisson's ratio v, D c Is the deflection of the central point. Assuming that the prefabricated hole thin plate is uniformly loaded, the characterization parameter of plastic deformation performance is D c 2 . The crack extension strain energy and the crack length are in a linear relation, and the crack length L is taken as a crack deformation energy characterization parameter.
Because the explosion energy of the explosive determines the action on the target, two characterization parameters of the impulse of the shock wave and the quasi-static pressure are more important, namely the impulse and the peak value P of the quasi-static pressure qs Each is assigned a weight of 30%, whereinImpulse I of three shock wave measuring points 1 、I 2 、I 3 Each assigned a weight of 10%. In addition, sheet center point deflection D c 2 And the crack length L are respectively distributed with 20% of weight, the score of different explosives is calculated by taking the TNT result as the benchmark score of 100, the different explosives are sorted according to the score, and the higher the score is, the greater the internal explosion power of the explosives is. The evaluation formula is shown in formula (1):
wherein T is an evaluation score, I 1 、I 2 、I 3 The impulse of three shock wave measuring points, P, at the center of the cylinder wall, the corner and the center of the end cover qs Quasi-static pressure peak, D c Deflection of the center point of the sheet, L crack length, I 1 (TNT)、I 2 (TNT)、I 3 (TNT)、P qs (TNT)、D c (TNT) and L (TNT) are impulse of three shock wave measuring points, quasi-static pressure peak value, deflection of a central point of a thin plate and crack length of the TNT test.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: from the angle of energy, the method establishes a method for comprehensively reflecting the internal explosion energy of the anti-ship weapon ammunition by taking the impulse and the quasi-static pressure peak value which respectively represent the detonation energy and the post-combustion energy, and the deflection of the central point of the thin plate and the crack length parameter which reflect the structural deformation energy of the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect as indexes, thereby comprehensively and objectively evaluating the explosive internal explosion power, and being beneficial to supplementing and perfecting the evaluation means of the internal explosion power of the anti-ship weapon ammunition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of an explosive device in a prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylinder, wherein: 1-cylindrical explosion chamber, 2-front end cover, 3-prefabricated strip-shaped hole thin plate, 4-bolt, 5-explosive-filled support rod, 6-experimental explosive filling, 7-sealed hemisphere and 8-prefabricated strip-shaped hole;
FIG. 2 is a TNT internal explosion shock wave pressure time course curve, wherein A1, A2 and A3 are respectively measuring points of the center of the cylinder wall, the corner and the center of the end cover;
fig. 3 is a quasi-static pressure time course curve of an explosion within the TNT.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments.
According to an implementation step of the inventive concept, the relevant characterizing parameters are obtained on the basis of the device architecture as shown in fig. 1. The test explosive 6 is suspended to the geometric center of the cylinder device 1 through the explosive loading support rod 5 by installing a prefabricated strip-shaped hole thin plate at one end of the cylinder device. And after safety is confirmed, turning on a power supply of the test system, detonating the test charge, and processing to obtain a parameter result.
Example 1:
the applicant adopts the invention to carry out the internal explosion test of 100g TNT and 100g explosive with certain temperature and pressure, and obtains the shock wave impulse I of three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 through the measurement processing of the shock wave pressure sensor and the quasi-static pressure sensor 1 、I 2 、I 3 And quasi-static pressure peak P qs Measuring the deflection D of the central point of the sheet by using a vernier caliper after the test c And a pre-hole crack length L. Fig. 2 and 3 are TNT blast shock wave pressure time course curves and quasi-static pressure time course curves.
The results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 evaluation of explosive intrinsic blasting Power
| Explosive | I 1 (Pa·s) | I 2 (Pa·s) | I 3 (Pa·s) | P qs /MPa | D c /mm | L/mm |
| TNT | 1748.5 | 1541.5 | 2296.5 | 0.447 | 106.78 | 120.7 |
| Explosive under certain temperature and pressure | 1368.5 | 1438 | 1322.5 | 0.477 | 121.55 | 129.45 |
According to formula (1)
Calculating to obtain the evaluation score of the internal explosion power of the explosive:
TNT：T＝100；
explosive under certain temperature: t =102.3.
Example 2:
the applicant adopts the invention to carry out an internal explosion test of 100g of TNT and 100g of certain cast aluminum-containing explosive, and obtains shock wave impulse I of three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 through the measurement processing of a shock wave pressure sensor and a quasi-static pressure sensor 1 、I 2 、I 3 And quasi-static pressure peak P qs Measuring the deflection D of the central point of the sheet by using a vernier caliper after the test c And a pre-hole crack length L.
The results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 evaluation of explosive internal detonation power
| Explosive | I 1 (Pa·s) | I 2 (Pa·s) | I 3 (Pa·s) | P qs /MPa | D c /mm | L/mm |
| TNT | 1748.5 | 1541.5 | 2296.5 | 0.447 | 106.78 | 120.7 |
| Certain cast aluminium-containing explosive | 1544 | 1319 | 1313 | 0.522 | 106.1 | 142.35 |
According to formula (1)
Calculating to obtain an internal explosion power evaluation score of the explosive:
TNT：T＝100；
certain cast aluminum-containing explosives: 101.5.
compared with the power evaluation of a certain warm-pressing explosive, a certain cast aluminum-containing explosive and TNT, the warm-pressing explosive and the cast aluminum-containing explosive contain aluminum powder, so that not only is a detonation reaction generated, but also a post-combustion reaction of the aluminum powder can be generated after the detonation action, the duration is longer, and a remarkable post-combustion effect is generated in an internal explosion environment. In contrast, TNT has only a significant detonation effect. Therefore, in the overall view, the internal explosion power of a certain temperature pressure explosive and a certain cast aluminum-containing explosive in an internal explosion environment is higher, the damage effect on the target is stronger than that of TNT, and the evaluation score is higher than that of TNT.
Compared with the warm-pressing explosive and the cast aluminum-containing explosive in the examples 1 and 2, the impact wave impulse of the warm-pressing explosive and the cast aluminum-containing explosive are close to each other, but the comprehensive performance of the quasi-static pressure peak value and the structural deformation index of the warm-pressing explosive is better, which shows that the detonation energy and the post-combustion energy of the warm-pressing explosive are higher, and the structural deformation energy generated by finally outputting the energy to act on a target structure is also higher, so that the explosion power of the warm-pressing explosive in the ship cabin structure in the test is reflected to be higher, and the target structure is more favorably damaged.
The results of the examples 1 and 2 show that after the shock wave action, the quasi-static pressure action and the shock wave-fragment composite action of explosive explosion in the cabin structure are considered, the impulse is adopted to represent detonation energy, the quasi-static pressure peak value represents the post-combustion energy, the sheet deflection central point and the prefabricated hole crack length represent structural deformation energy, different weights are distributed, and the built explosive internal explosion power comprehensive evaluation method can objectively reflect the complex damage situation of anti-ship weapon ammunition explosion in the ship cabin structure, overcomes the defect that the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect cannot be considered in the conventional evaluation method, more comprehensively and objectively evaluates the explosive internal explosion power, and can provide a feasible method for evaluating the explosive power and selecting explosive charge of the anti-ship weapon cabin ammunition in a limited space.
Claims (1)
1. A method for evaluating explosive internal explosion power based on a prefabricated strip-shaped hole cylinder device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: internal explosion test layout
An explosive device in a cylinder is adopted, an explosive is arranged at the geometric center of the cylinder, one end of the cylinder is a circular end cover, the thickness of a steel plate is 12mm, the other end of the cylinder is a prefabricated hole thin plate made of Q235 steel and 1.5mm, a strip-shaped crevasse with the thickness of 56mm multiplied by 6mm is prefabricated at the geometric center, and the thin plate is connected with the cylinder wall through a flange plate; respectively arranging a shock wave pressure sensor at the center of the cylinder wall of the cylinder, the center of an end cover of the cylinder and a corner to measure the shock wave pressure of explosion in the explosive, and arranging a quasi-static pressure sensor at the cylinder wall to measure the quasi-static pressure of explosion in the explosive;
step two: internal explosion power characterization parameter acquisition and processing
Dividing a pressure voltage signal acquired by a pressure sensor by the sensitivity of the sensor to respectively obtain a shock wave pressure curve and a quasi-static pressure curve, reading the maximum value in the output process of each measuring point to obtain the impulse I of the three measuring points of the center of the cylinder wall, the corner and the center of the end cover 1 、I 2 、I 3 And quasi-static pressure peak P qs (ii) a After the internal explosion test, the prefabricated strip-shaped hole thin plate is unloaded, and the deflection D of the central point of the thin plate is obtained by measuring with a vernier caliper c And prefabricating the length L of the strip-shaped hole crack;
step three: explosive internal explosion power evaluation method
By impulse I 1 、I 2 、I 3 Characterizing the detonation energy of the explosion in the charge by the quasi-static pressure peak P qs After characterizing the explosiveCombustion energy, as square of deflection of sheet center
And the crack length L represents the plastic deformation energy reflecting the shock wave-fragment composite damage effect; opposite impulse I 1 、I 2 、I 3 Each is assigned a weight of 10% to align with the static pressure peak P qs 30% weight is assigned, the square of the deflection of the center point of the sheet is @>
And the crack length L are respectively distributed with 20 percent of weight, the score of the explosive is calculated by taking the TNT result as the benchmark, the benchmark score is 100, different explosives are sorted according to the score, and the higher the score is, the higher the internal explosion power of the explosive is;
the explosive internal explosion power evaluation formula is as follows:
wherein T is an evaluation score, I 1 、I 2 、I 3 The impulse of three shock wave measuring points, P, at the center of the cylinder wall, the corner and the center of the end cover qs Quasi-static pressure peak, D c Deflection of the center point of the sheet, L crack length, I 1 (TNT)、I 2 (TNT)、I 3 (TNT)、P qs (TNT)、D c (TNT) and L (TNT) are respectively impulse, quasi-static pressure peak value, deflection of a center point of a thin plate and crack length of three shock wave measuring points adopting a TNT test.
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