CN109386980B - Cold and hot energy utilization system - Google Patents

Cold and hot energy utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109386980B
CN109386980B CN201811507765.9A CN201811507765A CN109386980B CN 109386980 B CN109386980 B CN 109386980B CN 201811507765 A CN201811507765 A CN 201811507765A CN 109386980 B CN109386980 B CN 109386980B
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cold
heat
gas
liquid separator
low
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CN109386980A (en
Inventor
盛伟
方永强
裴阳
李雪丽
赵伟龙
陈小砖
朱崎峰
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold and hot energy utilization system, which comprises a refrigeration cycle subsystem, a cold quantity multi-stage application subsystem and a heat step application subsystem; the heat cascade application subsystem comprises a drying chamber, a heat exchanger and a fan coil; the cold quantity multistage application subsystem comprises a cold room, an air cooler, an evaporator and an adjusting station, wherein the evaporator is connected with the adjusting station through an expansion valve; the refrigeration cycle subsystem comprises a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a heat exchanger and an evaporator; the condenser is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor; the regulating station is a device for outputting cold energy in a gradient way. The system can provide a cold source for a refrigeration house by utilizing the cold produced by the refrigerant in the evaporator in the refrigeration cycle subsystem; the heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor can be utilized to provide a heat source for the drying chamber, so that the system is energy-saving, cost-saving and capable of effectively improving the cold energy and heat utilization rate.

Description

Cold and hot energy utilization system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a cold and hot energy utilization system.
Background
The single-stage vapor compression refrigerating system mainly comprises four parts, namely: an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve. The refrigerant vapor is compressed only once by the compressor in each refrigeration cycle, referred to as single-stage vapor compression.
In a refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant undergoes mainly four processes: compression, condensation, throttling and evaporation processes. In the compression process, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant vapor is compressed into the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant vapor; in the condensation process, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid; in the throttling process, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid is throttled and depressurized into low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid; during the evaporation process, the low temperature low pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated into low temperature low pressure refrigerant vapor, thus completing one refrigeration cycle.
In the evaporation process, the refrigerant changes phase in the evaporator from liquid state to gas state, and the evaporation absorbs heat to produce cold; during condensation, the refrigerant changes phase in the condenser from gas state to liquid state, releasing heat.
The refrigeration capacity of the refrigerant manufactured in the evaporator is often not fully utilized due to unreasonable utilization mode in the use process; the heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser is often neglected, resulting in inefficient use of the heat.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an energy-saving, environment-friendly, efficient and cost-saving cold and hot energy utilization system, which improves the effective utilization rate of cold and heat, saves energy and cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cold and hot energy utilization system comprises a refrigeration cycle subsystem, a cold quantity multi-stage application subsystem and a heat step application subsystem;
The heat cascade application subsystem comprises a plurality of drying chambers for drying by cascade heat, a plurality of heat exchangers connected in series and a plurality of fan coils respectively communicated with the plurality of heat exchangers, and the plurality of fan coils are respectively arranged in the plurality of drying chambers; the cold quantity multistage application subsystem comprises a regulating station capable of outputting cold quantity in steps, a plurality of cold rooms for refrigerating by adopting the step cold quantity, a plurality of air coolers respectively arranged in the cold rooms, and a plurality of evaporators communicated with the air coolers, wherein the evaporators are arranged in parallel and are communicated with a cold quantity output port of the regulating station through a plurality of expansion valves; the refrigeration cycle subsystem comprises a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve and a plurality of heat exchangers connected in series; the condenser is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor, and a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged between the refrigeration compressor and the condenser in series; the high-pressure low-temperature port of the regulating station is connected with the high-pressure low-temperature port of the gas-liquid separator, the regulating station is provided with a plurality of low-pressure low-temperature outlets for outputting cold energy in a gradient manner, the regulating station is respectively connected with a plurality of evaporators through a plurality of expansion valves, and the low-pressure low-temperature outlets of the evaporators are connected to the gas-liquid separator.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, an expansion container is connected to a communication pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the refrigeration compressor, a pressure control valve is arranged on an inlet channel of the expansion container, and a one-way valve is arranged on an outlet channel of the expansion container.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, a liquid accumulator is arranged between the condenser and the gas-liquid separator, an oil collector is arranged between the refrigeration compressor and the heat exchanger of the first stage, and an oil return pipe of the oil collector is communicated with the refrigeration compressor.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the condenser is an evaporative condenser, the number of the heat exchangers is two, two drying chambers are correspondingly formed, a fan coil is arranged in the drying chambers, and the heat exchangers are connected with the fan coil.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, the number of the cooling rooms is three, and the number of the corresponding air cooler and the corresponding evaporator is also three.
As an improvement to the technical scheme, valves are arranged on the communication channels of the oil collector and the compressor, the communication channels of the fan coil and the condenser, the communication channels between the gas-liquid separator and the regulating station, the communication channels between the regulating station and the evaporator and the communication channels between the evaporator and the air cooler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the cold quantity multi-stage application subsystem and the cold and heat energy utilization system, when the refrigeration cycle subsystem runs, the refrigerants in the refrigeration cycle subsystem are regulated by the regulating station and are conveyed to different evaporators, and according to different conveying quantity of the refrigerants, the refrigeration quantity of each evaporator can be flexibly regulated, and the refrigeration temperatures required by different refrigeration rooms of a refrigeration house are manufactured; the refrigerating fluid of the refrigerating fluid in the cold quantity multistage application subsystem exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator, the cold quantity is conveyed to the refrigeration house through the air cooler to manufacture low temperature, and the air cooler adopts the variable frequency motor, so that the conveying of the refrigerating quantity can be flexibly controlled, and the constant low temperature of different refrigeration rooms in the refrigeration house can be maintained; the heat cascade application subsystem is used for carrying out cascade cooling on high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor coming out from the compressor in the refrigeration circulation subsystem through successive heat exchange, and carrying out heat obtained in the heat exchange process through heat transfer medium water, and the heat transfer medium water is used for drying a drying chamber through a fan coil, so that the aim of cascade utilization of heat is fulfilled.
Therefore, the invention can not only utilize the cold energy produced by the refrigerant in the evaporator in the refrigeration cycle subsystem to provide a cold source for the refrigeration house; the heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor can be utilized to provide a heat source for the drying chamber, so that the system is energy-saving, cost-saving and capable of improving the effective utilization rate of cold and heat.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc., which are apparent to those skilled in the art without the benefit of this disclosure, are intended to be included within the scope of this invention.
The cold and hot energy utilization system comprises a refrigeration circulation subsystem, a cold quantity multi-stage application subsystem and a heat step application subsystem; the primary devices in the refrigeration cycle subsystem include: the device comprises a compressor, an oil collector, a plate heat exchanger, a condenser, a liquid reservoir, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve, a regulating station, an evaporator, an expansion container, a pressure control valve, a pipeline and the like; the main equipment in the cold energy multistage utilization subsystem comprises: evaporator, air cooler, valve, pipeline, etc.; the main equipment in the heat cascade application subsystem comprises: plate heat exchangers, fan coils, valves, pipes, etc. The main equipment in the refrigeration cycle subsystem, the refrigeration capacity multi-stage application subsystem and the heat cascade application subsystem are respectively connected through specific pipelines; the refrigeration capacity multi-stage application subsystem is connected with the refrigeration cycle subsystem through an evaporator; the heat cascade application subsystem is connected with the refrigeration cycle subsystem through a plate heat exchanger. Ammonia is adopted as the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle subsystem; the refrigerating medium in the cold quantity multistage application subsystem adopts low-temperature refrigerating fluid; the heat transfer medium in the heat cascade application subsystem adopts water.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the present invention.
In practical application, low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor in a refrigeration cycle subsystem enters a compressor A through a pipeline 1, and is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor in the compressor A; the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor enters an oil collector B through a pipeline 2, and lubricating oil drops carried in the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor are separated and collected; then the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor sequentially passes through the pipeline 3, the plate heat exchanger C1, the pipeline 4 and the plate heat exchanger C2, heat exchange is sequentially carried out in the plate heat exchanger C1 and the plate heat exchanger C2, and then the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor enters the evaporative condenser C3 through the pipeline 5 and is condensed into low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia liquid; ammonia liquid of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant sequentially passes through a pipeline 6, a liquid storage device D and a pipeline 7 and enters a gas-liquid separator E; the high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant ammonia liquid in the pipeline in the gas-liquid separator E exchanges heat with the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia liquid in the gas-liquid separator E to form supercooled high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant ammonia liquid; supercooled ammonia liquid of high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant enters the regulating station L through a valve K3; the refrigerating cycle is completed by regulating and dividing into three paths through the regulating station L. The first path is as follows: the ammonia liquid of the high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant sequentially passes through a valve K4, an expansion valve G1 and a pipeline 9 from the regulating station L, throttles and reduces pressure to become ammonia liquid of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant, then enters an evaporator F3, evaporates and absorbs heat to become ammonia vapor of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant ammonia vapor sequentially passes through a pipeline and a pipeline 8, enters the gas-liquid separator E, is mixed with the superheated refrigerant ammonia vapor in the gas-liquid separator E, and simultaneously separates low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia liquid in the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor; the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor enters a compressor A through a pipeline 1 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor; the second path: the ammonia liquid of the high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant sequentially passes through a valve K5, an expansion valve G2 and a pipeline 10 from the regulating station L, throttles and reduces pressure to become ammonia liquid of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant, then enters an evaporator F2, evaporates and absorbs heat to become ammonia vapor of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant ammonia vapor sequentially passes through a pipeline and a pipeline 8, enters the gas-liquid separator E, is mixed with the superheated refrigerant ammonia vapor in the gas-liquid separator E, and simultaneously separates low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia liquid in the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor; the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor enters a compressor A through a pipeline 1 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor; third way: the ammonia liquid of the high-pressure low-temperature refrigerant sequentially passes through a valve K6 and an expansion valve G3 from an adjusting station L, throttles and reduces pressure to become ammonia liquid of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant, then enters an evaporator F1, evaporates and absorbs heat to become ammonia vapor of the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant; the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant ammonia vapor sequentially passes through a pipeline 11 and a pipeline 8, enters a gas-liquid separator E, is mixed with the superheated refrigerant ammonia vapor in the gas-liquid separator E, and simultaneously separates low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia liquid in the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor; the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor enters a compressor A through a pipeline 1 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor, so as to finish a refrigeration cycle.
In practical application, when the refrigeration cycle subsystem stops running, refrigerant ammonia in the system absorbs heat and expands, the pressure in the system rises, the pressure control valve I is opened, and the refrigerant ammonia enters the expansion vessel H through the pressure control valve I and the pipeline 23, so that the pressure in the system is reduced; when the refrigeration cycle subsystem is in operation, the refrigerant ammonia in the expansion vessel H sequentially enters the system through the pipeline 22 and the one-way valve J to perform refrigeration cycle.
In practical application, the refrigerating fluid of the refrigerating fluid multi-stage application subsystem of cold energy respectively exchanges heat with low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant ammonia in the evaporator F1, the evaporator F2 and the evaporator F3 to convey cold energy; in the cold room 1, the refrigerating fluid of the secondary refrigerant sequentially passes through a valve K9, a pipeline 16, an air cooler N1, a pipeline 17, an evaporator F1 and a valve K9 to complete one cycle, and the refrigerating fluid of the secondary refrigerant is conveyed to the cold room 1 through the air cooler N1; in the cold room 2, the refrigerating fluid of the secondary refrigerant sequentially passes through a valve K10, a pipeline 18, an air cooler N2, a pipeline 19, an evaporator F2 and a valve K10 to complete one cycle, and the refrigerating fluid of the secondary refrigerant is conveyed to the cold room 2 through the air cooler N2; in the cold room 3, the refrigerating fluid of the refrigerating fluid sequentially passes through a valve K11, a pipeline 20, an air cooler N3, a pipeline 21, an evaporator F3 and a valve K11 to complete one cycle, and the refrigerating fluid of the refrigerating fluid is conveyed to the cold room 3 through the air cooler N3.
The invention adopts the regulating station L to regulate the flow of the refrigerant conveyed to different evaporators, and has the advantages of flexibly regulating the refrigerating capacity of each evaporator according to the different conveying flow of the refrigerant and manufacturing the refrigerating temperatures required by different refrigeration rooms of the refrigeration house; the refrigerating fluid in the refrigerating fluid multistage application subsystem is subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerating fluid in the evaporator F1, the evaporator F2 and the evaporator F3, the refrigerating fluid is conveyed to a cold room of the refrigeration house through the air cooler to manufacture low temperature, and the air cooler adopts a variable frequency motor, so that the conveying of the refrigerating fluid can be flexibly controlled, the constant low temperature of different cold rooms in the refrigeration house can be maintained, and the utilization rate of the refrigerating fluid is improved.
In practical application, heat transfer medium water of the heat cascade application subsystem exchanges heat with high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor in the plate heat exchanger C1 and the plate heat exchanger C2 respectively to transport heat; in the drying chamber 1, heat transfer medium water sequentially passes through a valve K7, a pipeline 12, a fan coil M1, a pipeline 13, a plate heat exchanger C1 and a valve K7 to complete one cycle, and heat in the heat transfer medium water is conveyed to the drying chamber 1 through the fan coil M1; in the drying chamber 2, heat transfer medium water sequentially passes through a valve K8, a pipeline 14, a fan coil M2, a pipeline 15, a plate heat exchanger C2 and the valve K8 to complete one cycle, and heat in the heat transfer medium water is conveyed to the drying chamber 2 through the fan coil M2.
The invention adopts the plate heat exchanger C1 and the plate heat exchanger C2 to gradually cool the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor from the compressor A of the refrigeration circulation subsystem, and the heat obtained by heat exchange is respectively transmitted into the drying chamber 1 and the drying chamber 2 through the fan coil M1 and the fan coil M2 to form two constant-temperature drying chambers with different temperatures, thereby having the advantages of cascade utilization of the heat released by the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant ammonia vapor from the compressor A in the refrigeration circulation subsystem and improving the heat utilization rate.
In practical application, the adopted pipelines have good temperature resistance, pressure resistance and corrosion resistance to refrigerant ammonia.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The cold and hot energy utilization system is characterized by comprising a refrigeration cycle subsystem, a cold quantity multi-stage application subsystem and a heat quantity cascade application subsystem;
The heat cascade application subsystem comprises a plurality of drying chambers for drying by cascade heat, a plurality of heat exchangers connected in series and a plurality of fan coils respectively communicated with the plurality of heat exchangers, and the plurality of fan coils are respectively arranged in the plurality of drying chambers; the cold quantity multistage application subsystem comprises a regulating station capable of outputting cold quantity in steps, a plurality of cold rooms for refrigerating by adopting the step cold quantity, a plurality of air coolers respectively arranged in the cold rooms, and a plurality of evaporators communicated with the air coolers, wherein the evaporators are arranged in parallel and are communicated with a cold quantity output port of the regulating station through a plurality of expansion valves; the refrigeration cycle subsystem comprises a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve and a plurality of heat exchangers connected in series; the condenser is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor, and a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged between the refrigeration compressor and the condenser in series; the high-pressure low-temperature port of the regulating station is connected with the high-pressure low-temperature port of the gas-liquid separator, the regulating station is provided with a plurality of low-pressure low-temperature outlets for outputting cold energy in a gradient manner, the regulating station is respectively connected with a plurality of evaporators through a plurality of expansion valves, and the low-pressure low-temperature outlets of the evaporators are connected to the gas-liquid separator;
An expansion container is connected to a communication pipeline between the gas-liquid separator and the refrigeration compressor, a pressure control valve is arranged on an inlet channel of the expansion container, and a one-way valve is arranged on an outlet channel of the expansion container;
A liquid accumulator is arranged between the condenser and the gas-liquid separator, an oil collector is arranged between the refrigeration compressor and the first-stage heat exchanger, and an oil return pipe of the oil collector is communicated with the refrigeration compressor;
Valves are arranged on the communication channels of the oil collector and the compressor, the communication channels of the fan coil and the condenser, the communication channels between the gas-liquid separator and the regulating station, the communication channels between the regulating station and the evaporator and the communication channels between the evaporator and the air cooler.
2. The cold and hot energy utilization system according to claim 1, wherein: the condenser is an evaporative condenser, the number of the heat exchangers is two, two drying chambers are correspondingly formed, a fan coil is arranged in the drying chambers, and the heat exchangers are connected with the fan coil.
3. The cold and hot energy utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the cooling rooms is three, and the number of the corresponding air cooler and the corresponding evaporator is also three.
CN201811507765.9A 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 Cold and hot energy utilization system Active CN109386980B (en)

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US20210095883A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Multi-unit adaptable compressed air drying system
CN113753992B (en) * 2021-09-07 2022-07-22 武伟 High-efficiency vacuum sublimation evaporation cold and heat energy separation system and separation method and application thereof
CN115978879B (en) * 2023-03-21 2023-06-13 昆明理工大学 Efficient curing barn-freezer coupling system

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CN104990174A (en) * 2015-06-03 2015-10-21 荣国华 Direct expansion type air-water cooled air conditioning system
CN209355524U (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-09-06 河南理工大学 A kind of cold and hot energy utility system

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CN207716673U (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-08-10 山东恒尔特机电设备有限公司 Freezer refrigerating unit
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CN209355524U (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-09-06 河南理工大学 A kind of cold and hot energy utility system

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