CN109385153A - A kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method Download PDF

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CN109385153A
CN109385153A CN201811271733.3A CN201811271733A CN109385153A CN 109385153 A CN109385153 A CN 109385153A CN 201811271733 A CN201811271733 A CN 201811271733A CN 109385153 A CN109385153 A CN 109385153A
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solid lubricant
coating
ptfe
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CN109385153B (en
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袁兴栋
杨晓洁
刘勇
王泽力
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Shandong Jianzhu University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • C09D127/18Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/70Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation methods, solid lubricant coating composition is PTFE particle, mass ratio is 80-90 parts, size is 40-100 mesh, carbon fiber particles, mass ratio is 10-20 parts, size is 100-200 mesh, solid lubricant coefficient of friction is low (0.132~0.192), abrasion loss is few (1mg~15mg), Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase is good, structure is uniform, continuously, thickness is about 20 μm, preparation method mainly includes that sample prepares, polishing treatment, PTFE particle screen selecting, depositing coating, surface wipes, the test of vacuum tribological property, abrasive dust collection step.Preparation method is scientific, reasonable, and achievements conversion potentiality are big, and practical value is wide.

Description

A kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lubricant coating and preparation method thereof, specifically a kind of radiation resistance space solid lubrication is applied Layer and preparation method.
Background technique
Space lubriation material is generally divided into solid lubricant and hydrodynamic lubrication material.The common lubriation material in space is solid Body lubriation material.It is generally divided into the substance of layer structure, soft metal, high molecular material and four kinds of self-lubricating composite.Stratiform The lubriation material of structure has transition metal disulfide MoS2、WS2、NbSe2And graphite.Wherein MoS2And WS2It is the most commonly used, it Coefficient of friction in a vacuum be lower than aerial coefficient of friction, and their use temperature in a vacuum are higher than in sky Use temperature in gas is comparatively ideal space lubricants.
Mainly there are gold, silver, lead, zinc etc. in soft metal as solid lubricant, and wherein gold, silver, lead are deposited in the form of simple substance It is face-centred cubic structure in the structure type of, three, advantage is no black brittleness, also there is good profit in the environment of low temperature Sliding characteristic.The high molecular material for being used in space lubricants is mainly polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimides, phenolic resin, asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin Rouge etc. the advantages of high molecular material is that friction and wear behavior is not influenced by atmosphere compared with other solid lubricants, The tribological property of PTFE in a vacuum is enough to illustrate this feature.
Self-lubricating composite is divided into two kinds, i.e. polymer-based composite and metal-base composites.It is polymer-based multiple The most commonly used is PTFE for condensation material.And metal-base composites is grown up on the basis of powder metallurgy, in metal powder Middle addition lubricant powder appropriate, repressed to sinter blank into, the most commonly used is Ag-MoS2Graphite ternary system material.
The working environment of space lubricants is very complicated, has the factor of direct relation mainly to have Gao Zhen with its greasy property Sky, extreme ambient temperature, intense radiation and elemental oxygen etc..According to relevant information report spacecraft when being run in space high orbit load, The space pressure born is 10-11Pa magnitude, when running on LEO, the space pressure born is 10-5~10-7Pa Order magnitude range.The lubricant used under this special environment should not only have good tribological property and it is necessary to Characteristic with ultralow vapour pressure.
The one side that aircraft faces the sun in universe bears the intense radiation of the sun, the temperature on surface up to 100 DEG C~ 200 DEG C, and the one side that back faces the sun is influenced by the extremely cold environment in cosmic space, the temperature on surface can resist -100 DEG C~-200 ℃.There is also a variety of radiation such as cosmic ray, ultraviolet light, X-ray in space environment, have under their chronic exposure Lubricant will lose greasy property, the capability of resistance to radiation of high molecular material is poor, but its greasy property is 104Gy~105Gy It is unchanged.Main component is elemental oxygen in the atmosphere of space planned orbit, and the elemental oxygen of high activity is easy to make material It aoxidizes and damages it, most of lubricants are no more than 10 years in elemental oxygen just to be damaged.
The research work of Chinese Space lubrication technology is fruitful, in terms of hydrodynamic lubrication, the wide liquid of design and synthesis Temperature range, low volatilization and the preferable chlorphenyl silicone oil of greasy property;Space mineral oil base and silicone oil base grease are developed And cup grease.In terms of solid lubrication, we combine coating material science and technology field Composite, multiple stratification and nanosizing Development trend, carried out the preparation science of multiple layer metal coating material and nanostructure composite coating material and grinding for technology Study carefully, high spot reviews coating composition and with the intrinsic affecting laws to its friction and wear behavior.At the same time, experts and scholars tie Relevant scientific and technical research achievement is closed, multiple polymers base and metal-based self-lubricating material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been developed (PTFE) base and polyimide-based bearing holder material etc..
Although China in the accumulation in existing more than 60 years of space tribology field, especially space lubriation material field Considerable progress is achieved, obtains the main research achievement of a batch, but remain very big difference compared with developed country, According to the national conditions in China, solid lubricant and its relation technological researching are still one of major tasks of Space Tribology Investigation.
Currently, the exploitation to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) series lubricant agent, mainly on block materials and the research of various fillers In work, it includes glass fibre (GF), carbon fiber, graphite, two fluidisation molybdenums, silica that main filler, which has inorganic filler, (SiO2) ceramic particle etc.;Metal and metal oxide filler include Cu, Pb, N, Al2O3, ZnO, CdO and CuO;Nano material is filled out Material includes nanometer Al2O3And nano-ZnO;Organic filler includes polybenzoate, polyimides, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) etc..
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, providing, a kind of coefficient of friction is low, abrasion loss is few, anti- The space solid lubricant coating and preparation method thereof that radiation property is good, structure is uniform, continuous, thickness is about 20 μm.This method section It learns, rationally, achievements conversion potentiality are big, and practical value is wide, are mainly used on spacecraft lubrication device.
The purpose of the present invention is adopt the following technical solutions realization.A kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation Method, solid lubricant coating composition be PTFE particle, mass ratio be 80-90 part, size be 40-100 mesh, carbon fiber particles, Mass ratio is 10-20 parts, and size is 100-200 mesh, and solid lubricant coefficient of friction low (0.132~0.192), abrasion loss are few (1mg~15mg), Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase is good, structure is uniform, continuous, thickness is about 20 μm, and preparation method mainly includes that sample prepares, throws Light processing, PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening, depositing coating, surface wipes, the test of vacuum tribological property, abrasive dust collect step Suddenly.Wherein in vacuum tribological property testing procedure, vacuum degree is about 10 in testing machine vacuum chamber-2MPa-10-7MPa, load For 4N-12N, speed 0.2m/s-2.4m/s, frictional distance 1000m, dual face material is standard rolling bearing steel ball (GCr15), Having a size of Φ 10mm, hardness HRC66.6.
The Analysis on Mechanism of carbon fiber filling PTFE Coatings in Vacuum tribological property.
The factor for influencing carbon fiber filling PTFE coating tribologic performance is more, mainly there is environment, load, speed, contact Mode, surface roughness etc..Under the conditions of vacuum environment, the main shadow loaded and speed of PTFE coating tribologic performance It rings, does not change as factors such as environment, the way of contact and surface roughnesses.At the initial stage of entire friction process, friction The way of contact is point-face formula, and coating material surface has certain surface roughness, based on abrasive wear, has ditch dug with a plow effect It answers, coefficient of friction increases rapidly at friction initial stage.With the progress of friction, PTFE enters plastic deformation, adhesion and material and turns Shifting state causes coefficient of friction to be continuously increased.The surface of PTFE coating material forms self-lubricating film, plays solid lubricant Effect, such two kinds of materials enter stable friction phase earlier, and coefficient of friction with sliding distance increase no longer It changes.Therefore the friction coefficient speed, the variation tendency of load of PTFE coating material in a vacuum are almost the same.
The symmetrical structure of PTFE makes strand have greater stiffness, and the abrasive dust of friction surface richness product is difficult to be embedded in matrix again In.At a lower rate, coating material abrasion after, friction surface richness product abrasive dust play the role of solid lubricant with The increase of speed, this lubricant enhancing, thus reduce abrasion loss.
At the initial stage of friction, since the surface of two kinds of materials all has certain surface roughness, PTFE coating material with The way of contact of GCr15 steel is point-face formula again, and PTFE coating material surface forms lubricating film again in friction process.So mill Damage amount reduces with the increase of speed.As the carry out way of contact of friction is converted into surface-to-surface formula by point-face formula.Identical Abrasive conditions under, with the raising of speed, shear force value suffered by PTFE coating material surface is increased accordingly, what abrasive dust fell off Probability increases, the wear resistance decrease of material, meanwhile, with the increase of speed, PTFE coating material wear surface was being worn The frictional heat gathered in journey increases, and PTFE coating material is gradually turned to viscosity flow state from the glassy state under low temperature condition Become, the softening degree of PTFE coating material performance is gradually increased, and the Large molecule active of polymer P TFE matrix increases, and makes polishing scratch table The probability that " step " pattern in face falls off increases, and abrasive dust increases, and abrasion loss also increases with it.
It is viscoelastic material that influence of the load to PTFE coating material frictional behaviour, which is mainly manifested in PTFE coating material, Viscoelastic deformation occurs under external force for PTFE.
On the one hand, as load further increases, the frictional heat generated in wear process increases, PTFE coating material table The viscoplasticity degree revealed increases, and PTFE coating material macromolecule inter-chain entanglement starts to release strongly, and high polymer PTFE enters viscous Fluidised form, macromolecular chain integrally participate in moving, and melting phenomenon occurs in surface, and polymer surfaces molecular activity greatly increases.Meanwhile with Frictional heat generation, friction surface temperature raising causes the crystallinity of polishing scratch adjacent material to reduce, cause increase abrasion loss.
In spacecraft running track environment, there are a large amount of miscellaneous radiation, such as: alpha ray, β ray, γ are penetrated Line, neutron ray and elemental oxygen etc..These radiation can cause irradiation reaction to coating surface, make coated surface material radiation drop Solution is reacted with crosslinking with radiation, and material molecule amount substantially reduces, and abrasion loss increases in friction process.Carbon fiber fills PTFE coating When, carbon fiber itself has good lubricity, plays a supporting role simultaneously, enhances the associativity of PTFE coating and matrix, subtracts Abrasion loss in few friction process.
The invention has the following advantages that
1, solid lubricant coefficient of friction is low, abrasion loss is few, Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase is good;
2, solid lubricant thickness is about 20 μm, and structure uniformly, continuously, is mainly used on spacecraft lubrication device;
3, solid lubricant preparation method is scientific, reasonable, and achievements conversion potentiality are big, and practical value is wide.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the organizational topography of coating;
Fig. 2 is the change curve of coating the friction coefficient speed;
Fig. 3 is change curve of the coating abrasion amount with speed;
Fig. 4 is the change curve of coating the friction coefficient load;
Fig. 5 is change curve of the coating abrasion amount with load;
Fig. 6 is coating abrasion surface topography map.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1: a kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method, solid lubricant coating composition are PTFE Particle, mass ratio are 80-90 parts, and size is 40-100 mesh, and carbon fiber particles, mass ratio is 10-20 parts, size 100-200 Mesh, preparation method mainly include sample preparation, polishing treatment, PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening, depositing coating, surface wipes, The test of vacuum tribological property, abrasive dust collection step;
LY12 sample is processed by shot blasting, PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening, depositing coating, surface wipes, vacuum tribology Then performance test, abrasive dust collection step are tested its vacuum tribology behavior;Detailed process is as follows:
1. polishing treatment
LY12 sample upper and lower surface is processed by shot blasting using polishing machine, specimen size is ф 70mm × 10mm, polishing time 2-3min with specimen surface light, but does not occur oxidative phenomena and is advisable;
2.PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening
Pulverization process is carried out using pulverizer or manually by PTFE particle and carbon fiber particles, size is about 80 mesh;
3. depositing coating
Sputtering sedimentation coating treatment is carried out in LY12 sample upper and lower surface using magnetic control sputtering device, selection sizes of substrate is ф 70mm × 10mm, the carbon fiber that purity is 99.99% fill PTFE target, are arranged pressure (0.6Pa, 1.0Pa, 1.2Pa), Ar and N2Flow Than (10:15sccm), underlayer temperature (260 DEG C), sputtering time is 60 min;When experiment starts, to mechanical pump-molecular pump system Background vacuum is evacuated to 4.0 × 10 -5Pa after regulating parameter, opens baffle, starts sputter coating;After sputtering, according to Secondary closing baffle, radio-frequency power supply, heating device, gas valve take out sample when the instruction temperature of substrate is down to room temperature;
4. surface wipes
Surface wipes processing is carried out to LY12 sample upper and lower surface carbon fiber filling PTFE coating using acetone soln, removes surface Deposit;
5. vacuum tribological property is tested
Gamma-rays, Simulated Spacecraft running environment are radiated using irradiation bomb Co60, the dosage of irradiation is respectively equivalent to LEO, GEO rail Road is 5 years lower, 10 years, 15 years dosage, and total irradiation dose is respectively 105、106With 107rad;This tests irradiation dose 107rad;
Utilize ball-disc type (y Т И TB-1000) vacuum friction and wear test equipment testing coating tribological property, testing machine vacuum House vacuum degree is about 1 × 10-5MPa, load 6N, speed 0.2m/s-2.4m/s, frictional distance 1000m, antithesis plane materiel Material is standard rolling bearing steel ball (GCr15), having a size of Φ 10mm, hardness HRC66.6;
6. abrasive dust is collected
Carbon fiber is collected using paper scrap and acetone soln and fills PTFE coating abrasive dust, for use;
As shown in Figure 1, coating structure is uniform, continuous, average thickness is 20 μm;
The increase first increases and then decreases of coating the friction coefficient speed as Figure 2-3, abrasion loss increase with the increase of speed.
Embodiment 2: a kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method, solid lubricant coating composition are PTFE Particle, mass ratio are 80-90 parts, and size is 40-100 mesh, and carbon fiber particles, mass ratio is 10-20 parts, size 100-200 Mesh, preparation method mainly include sample preparation, polishing treatment, PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening, depositing coating, surface wipes, The test of vacuum tribological property, abrasive dust collection step;
LY12 sample is processed by shot blasting, PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening, depositing coating, surface wipes, vacuum tribology Then performance test, abrasive dust collection step are tested its vacuum tribology behavior;Detailed process is as follows:
1. polishing treatment
LY12 sample upper and lower surface is processed by shot blasting using polishing machine, specimen size is ф 70mm × 10mm, polishing time 2-3min with specimen surface light, but does not occur oxidative phenomena and is advisable;
2.PTFE and carbon fiber particles screening
Pulverization process is carried out using pulverizer or manually by PTFE particle and carbon fiber particles, size is about 80 mesh;
3. depositing coating
Sputtering sedimentation coating treatment is carried out in LY12 sample upper and lower surface using magnetic control sputtering device, selection sizes of substrate is ф 70mm × 10mm, the carbon fiber that purity is 99.99% fill PTFE target, are arranged pressure (0.6Pa, 1.0Pa, 1.2Pa), Ar and N2Flow Than (10:15sccm), underlayer temperature (260 DEG C), sputtering time is 60 min;When experiment starts, to mechanical pump-molecular pump system Background vacuum is evacuated to 4.0 × 10 -5Pa after regulating parameter, opens baffle, starts sputter coating;After sputtering, according to Secondary closing baffle, radio-frequency power supply, heating device, gas valve take out sample when the instruction temperature of substrate is down to room temperature;
4. surface wipes
Surface wipes processing is carried out to LY12 sample upper and lower surface carbon fiber filling PTFE coating using acetone soln, removes surface Deposit;
5. vacuum tribological property is tested
Gamma-rays, Simulated Spacecraft running environment are radiated using irradiation bomb Co60, the dosage of irradiation is respectively equivalent to LEO, GEO rail Road is 5 years lower, 10 years, 15 years dosage, and total irradiation dose is respectively 105、106With 107rad;This tests irradiation dose 107rad;
Utilize ball-disc type (y Т И TB-1000) vacuum friction and wear test equipment testing coating tribological property, testing machine vacuum House vacuum degree is about 1 × 10-5MPa, load 4N-12N, speed 0.8m/s, frictional distance 1000m, dual face material For standard rolling bearing steel ball (GCr15), having a size of Φ 10mm, hardness HRC66.6;
6. abrasive dust is collected
Carbon fiber is collected using paper scrap and acetone soln and fills PTFE coating abrasive dust, for use;
As illustrated in figures 4-5, the increase first increases and then decreases of coating the friction coefficient load, abrasion loss increase with the increase of load Greatly;
As shown in fig. 6, coating, without apparent self-lubricating film feature, abrasive dust is embedded in matrix again, friction process is participated in, coating occurs Remove the feature of matrix.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of radiation resistance space solid lubricant coating and preparation method, solid lubricant coating composition is PTFE particle, quality Than being 80-90 parts, size is 40-100 mesh, and carbon fiber particles, mass ratio is 10-20 parts, and size is 100-200 mesh, solid profit Lubrication prescription coefficient of friction low (0.132~0.192), abrasion loss few (1mg~15mg), Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase is good, structure is uniform, continuous, thick Degree about 20 μm, preparation method mainly include sample preparation, polishing treatment, PTFE particle screen selecting, depositing coating, surface wipes, The test of vacuum tribological property, abrasive dust collection step;Wherein in vacuum tribological property testing procedure, in testing machine vacuum chamber Vacuum degree is about 10-2MPa-10-7MPa, load 4N-12N, speed 0.2m/s-2.4m/s, frictional distance 1000m are right Even plane materiel material is standard rolling bearing steel ball (GCr15), having a size of Φ 10mm, hardness HRC66.6.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6176619B1 (en) * 1996-02-20 2001-01-23 Ebara Corporation Water lubricated machine component having contacting sliding surfaces
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CN1509387A (en) * 2001-04-11 2004-06-30 ס�ѽ�����ҵ��ʽ���� threaded joint for steel pipe
CN103898444A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 Coating member and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6176619B1 (en) * 1996-02-20 2001-01-23 Ebara Corporation Water lubricated machine component having contacting sliding surfaces
CN1509387A (en) * 2001-04-11 2004-06-30 ס�ѽ�����ҵ��ʽ���� threaded joint for steel pipe
US20020183209A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2002-12-05 Halla Climate Control Corporation Method for forming solid film lubricant
CN103898444A (en) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-02 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 Coating member and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TALIVALDIS SPALVINS LEWIS RESEARCH CENTER CLEVELAND: ""FRICTION CHARACTERlSTlCS OF SPUTTERED SOLID FILM LUBRICANTS"", 《NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION》 *
袁兴栋等: ""γ辐照后PTFE涂层真空摩擦磨损性能研究"", 《第八届摩擦学大学论文集》 *
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