CN109376866A - The operation method and device of the recording method of metadata and device, quantum program - Google Patents
The operation method and device of the recording method of metadata and device, quantum program Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of recording method of metadata and devices, the operation method and device of quantum program, wherein, the recording method of the metadata includes: from quantum chip interior or external server, obtain the metadata of quantum chip ready for use, record the metadata, it is subsequent to be converted according to the metadata to quantum program is carried out when using the quantum chip, quantum program is executed on quantum chip, it solves the problems, such as in the related technology since the scheme for lacking record metadata causes quantum program range of operation limited, timely and accurately record metadata, increase the scope of application of quantum program.
Description
Technical field
This application involves but be not limited to quantum calculation field, the recording method and dress in particular to a kind of metadata
It sets, the operation method and device of quantum program.
Background technique
In the related art, quantum calculation handles information, the skill by achieving the purpose that quantized system encoding operation
A method of the art primarily directed to quantum chip metadata record.Quantum chip is to be integrated in quantum wire on substrate in turn
Carry the phy chip of quantum information processing.Metadata (Metadata) is then the information for describing data attribute, Huo Chengwei
The data (Data about data) of data are described, metadata is the description data of quantum chip interior attribute.
Quantum calculation for basic processing unit, in quantum calculation circuit model construction, is only made with quantum bit (Qubit)
It is known as single Quantum logic gates with the Quantum logic gates on single quantum bit position, and acting on two quantum bits is then two amounts
Sub- bit logic door, and so on to muliti-qubit logic gate.
In related art scheme, not there is a kind of general scheme to record quantum chip metadata.Quantum chip development
Person can design oneself metadata root the case where having itself, and general scheme do not reach common understanding.
For the scheme problem that causes quantum program range of operation limited in the related technology due to lacking record metadata,
There is presently no effective solution schemes.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of recording method of metadata and the operation method and dress of device, quantum program
It sets, at least to solve in the related technology since the scheme for lacking record metadata causes quantum program range of operation is limited to ask
Topic.
According to one embodiment of the application, a kind of recording method of metadata is provided, comprising: obtain quantum chip
Metadata；Record the metadata.
According to another embodiment of present specification, a kind of operation method of quantum program is additionally provided, comprising: obtain
Wait run the metadata of the quantum chip of the first quantum program；Converting the first quantum program according to the metadata is second
Quantum program；The second quantum program is executed on the quantum chip.
According to another embodiment of present specification, a kind of recording device of metadata is additionally provided, comprising: obtain mould
Block, for obtaining the metadata of quantum chip；Logging modle, for recording the metadata.
According to another embodiment of present specification, a kind of running gear of quantum program is additionally provided, comprising: second
Module is obtained, for obtaining the metadata of the quantum chip wait run the first quantum program；Conversion module, for according to the member
It is the second quantum program that data, which convert the first quantum program,；Execution module, described in being executed on the quantum chip
Second quantum program.
According to another embodiment of the application, a kind of storage medium is additionally provided, meter is stored in the storage medium
Calculation machine program, wherein the computer program is arranged to execute the step in any of the above-described embodiment of the method when operation.
According to another embodiment of the application, a kind of electronic device, including memory and processor are additionally provided, it is described
Computer program is stored in memory, the processor is arranged to run the computer program to execute any of the above-described
Step in embodiment of the method.
The metadata of quantum chip ready for use is obtained from quantum chip interior or external server by the application,
The metadata is recorded, it is subsequent to be converted according to the metadata to quantum program is carried out when using the quantum chip, so that
Quantum program can execute on quantum chip, solve in the related technology since the scheme for lacking record metadata leads to quantum
The limited problem of program range of operation, timely and accurately records metadata, increases the scope of application of quantum program.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of hardware block diagram of the terminal of the recording method of metadata of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is the recording method flow chart according to the metadata of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is according to quantum chip model figure in the related technology；
Fig. 4 be according to the application without weight graph represented by quantum chip links topology example schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram according to the CNOT gate and CZ of present specification.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that not conflicting
In the case of, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.
It should be noted that the description and claims of this application and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.
The technical solution of present specification can be used for the scene of quantum calculation, and the specific equipment that executes can be quantum meter
Calculation machine, or the equipment for storing the metadata of quantum chip.
Embodiment one
Embodiment of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application one can be in terminal, terminal or similar
It is executed in arithmetic unit.For running on computer terminals, Fig. 1 is a kind of record side of metadata of the embodiment of the present application
The hardware block diagram of the terminal of method.As shown in Figure 1, terminal 10 may include it is one or more (in Fig. 1 only
Showing one) (processor 102 can include but is not limited to Micro-processor MCV or programmable logic device FPGA etc. to processor 102
Processing unit) and memory 104 for storing data, optionally, above-mentioned terminal can also include for communicating
The transmitting device 106 and input-output equipment 108 of function.It will appreciated by the skilled person that structure shown in FIG. 1
Only illustrate, the structure of above-mentioned terminal is not caused to limit.For example, terminal 10, which may also include, compares Fig. 1
Shown in more perhaps less component or with the configuration different from shown in Fig. 1.
Memory 104 can be used for storing the software program and module of application software, such as first number in the embodiment of the present application
According to the corresponding program instruction/module of recording method, processor 102 passes through the software program that is stored in memory 104 of operation
And module realizes above-mentioned method thereby executing various function application and data processing.Memory 104 may include height
Fast random access memory, may also include nonvolatile memory, as one or more magnetic storage device, flash memory or other
Non-volatile solid state memory.In some instances, memory 104 can further comprise remotely located relative to processor 102
Memory, these remote memories can pass through network connection to terminal 10.The example of above-mentioned network includes but not
It is limited to internet, intranet, local area network, mobile radio communication and combinations thereof.
Transmitting device 106 is used to that data to be received or sent via a network.Above-mentioned network specific example may include
The wireless network that the communication providers of terminal 10 provide.In an example, transmitting device 106 includes that a network is suitable
Orchestration (Network Interface Controller, NIC), can be connected by base station with other network equipments so as to
Internet is communicated.In an example, transmitting device 106 can be radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) module,
For wirelessly being communicated with internet.
A kind of recording method of metadata is provided in the present embodiment, and Fig. 2 is the metadata according to the embodiment of the present application
Recording method flow chart, as shown in Fig. 2, the process includes the following steps:
Step S202 obtains the metadata of quantum chip；
Step S204 records the metadata.
Through the above steps, from quantum chip interior or external server, first number of quantum chip ready for use is obtained
According to, the metadata is recorded, it is subsequent to be converted according to the metadata to quantum program is carried out when using the quantum chip, make
Obtaining quantum program can execute on quantum chip, solve the scheme amount of causing in the related technology due to lacking record metadata
The problem of subprogram activation is limited in scope timely and accurately records metadata, increases the scope of application of quantum program.
Optionally, the metadata is recorded, comprising: the metadata is recorded in formatted text.Formatted text can
To include JSON, XML, the forms such as ini file.
Optionally, the metadata includes at least one Types Below: the company on the quantum chip between quantum bit
Binding structure；The first set for the single quantum bit operation door that each quantum bit is supported on the quantum chip；The quantum core
The second set of the two quantum bits operation door of support is connected between on piece every two quantum bit.
Optionally, when connection structure in the metadata between the quantum bit, comprising: in formatted text
In, the connection structure between the quantum bit is recorded in the form of no weight graph.
Optionally, the connection structure between the quantum bit is recorded in the form of no weight graph, comprising: using adjacent square
The tactical deployment of troops or adjacency list method record the connection structure between the quantum bit.
Optionally, the first set for the single quantum bit operation door that each quantum bit is supported on the quantum chip, packet
Include the single quantum bit operation door with following characteristics: the matrix element that single quantum bit operates door is discrete element；Or, single amount
The matrix element of sub- bit operating door is continuous element.When matrix element is discrete element, indicate that the matrix element is definite value；
When matrix element is continuous element, indicate that the matrix element is at least configured with a parameter, which may include a model
It encloses.
Optionally, the of the two quantum bits operation door of support is connected on the quantum chip between every two quantum bit
Two set, operate door including two quantum bits with following characteristics: the matrix element that two quantum bits operate door is discrete element
Element；Alternatively, the matrix element of two quantum bits operation door is continuous element.
According to another embodiment of present specification, a kind of operation method of quantum program is additionally provided, including following
Step:
Step 1 obtains the metadata of the quantum chip wait run the first quantum program；
Step 2, converting the first quantum program according to the metadata is the second quantum program；
Step 3 executes the second quantum program on the quantum chip.
Using above-mentioned steps, the first pending quantum program is converted to the form of quantum chip support in time, solved
The problem for causing the quantum program range of operation limited due to lacking the scheme of record metadata in the related technology, timely and accurately
Metadata is recorded, the scope of application of quantum program is increased.
Optionally, before being the second quantum program according to metadata conversion the first quantum program, according to described in
Metadata, which determines, is unable to run the first quantum program on the quantum chip.Opposite, determining that the first quantum program can
When running on quantum chip, without conversion, directly the first quantum program of operation.
It is illustrated below with reference to another embodiment of present specification.
Fig. 3 is according to quantum chip model figure in the related technology, as shown in figure 3, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 represent quantum ratio
It is special.
The metadata of quantum chip include following information: (1), and contain quantum chip topological structure (quantum bit it
Between connection relationship)；(2), the single quantum bit logic gate supported comprising each quantum bit in quantum chip；(3), include
The two quantum bit logic gates that any connection is supported in quantum chip.
The metadata of quantum chip in the related technology has two following features:
1. the metadata of each chip is the particular feature that chip has, in any quantum program, only in quantum program
When the logic gate for including all meets metadata, quantum program could execute on the chip.Such as: one piece of quantum chip is given,
The chip only supports quantum bit turning operation, then the Quantum logic gates for including in the quantum program designed must effectively turn
Corresponding turning operation door is dissolved, could be run on the chip.
2. in related art scheme, not there is a kind of general scheme to record quantum chip metadata.Quantum chip is opened
Originator all can design oneself metadata root the case where having itself, and general scheme do not reach common understanding.
The method of the obstructed overwriting metadata of segment chip developer in the related technology, but restricted part quantum logic
The addition of door.The creation difficulty of quantum program is considerably increased in this way.For example, when being adapted to different quantum chips, similarly
Program needs are created or are converted with different methods between different chips.Such as: given quantum chip defines phase
Turning operation, but in programming, phase bit flipping has been set to general operation, therefore the program is in adaptation this part amount
When sub- chip, due to there is no record metadata, fails to make conversion operation, necessarily malfunction.
The application records the metadata of quantum chip using a kind of general method.This metadata can be helped effectively
The automatic adaptation of quantum program and quantum chip, to realize the purpose of quantum program " primary creation, run everywhere ", this simplification
The creation of quantum program.By the record to metadata, the creation of quantum program will not be subject to the limitation of chip structure.
The metadata of quantum chip includes three kinds of information.The first, the connection structure on quantum chip between quantum bit；
Second, the single quantum bit that each quantum bit (node of the corresponding figure, with reference to Fig. 3) is supported operates door set；The third,
The two quantum bits operation door set that the connection of every two quantum bit is supported (to the side of figure in Fig. 3).
For the first metadata, the connection structure of quantum bit on quantum chip.This connection generallys use in graph theory
" no weight graph " form statement, such as Adjacent Matrix Method, adjacency list method etc..
Fig. 4 be according to the application without weight graph represented by quantum chip links topology example schematic diagram, it is as indicated at 4, left
Side is no weight graph, the link structure example of the quantum chip for indicating right side, the quantum ratio on the vertex and quantum chip of figure
Spy corresponds.All two quantum bits doors supported in the side of figure and quantum chip correspond.The side of figure be it is oriented or
Be it is undirected, whether remain unchanged and determine when exchanging position depending on the quantum logic operation door on two quantum bits.Fig. 5 is root
According to the schematic diagram of the CNOT gate and CZ of present specification, as shown in figure 5, for CNOT gate, by the way of " digraph " into
Row statement operates non-equivalence because having switched position, on the left of Fig. 5.For CZ, ISWAP, carried out using " non-directed graph "
Description, switching position, operation is of equal value, on the right side of Fig. 5.
For second of metadata, the set for the single quantum bit operation door that each quantum bit is supported on chip.Collection
The single quantum bit operation format (the unitary matrice form of 2*2) supported in conjunction comprising all quantum bits.The collection of this form
It closes element and is divided into two kinds, one is discrete element, it indicates that the operation matrix on quantum chip (is referred to as in quantum calculation field
Unitary transformation matrix, Quantum logic gates) be definite value element, such as Hadamard gate, X, Y, Z, T etc.；The second is even
Continue element, the element at least configured by a parameter in operation matrix on its expression quantum chip, such as RX, U3,
U2 etc..
For the third metadata, two quantum bits that the quantum bit that every two connects two-by-two on quantum chip is supported
The set of door.Two supported quantum bit operation formats (the unitary matrice form of 4*4) is connected two-by-two comprising all this in set.
The set element of this form is divided into two kinds, one is discrete element, it indicates that operation matrix is the operation of definite value, such as CNOT
Door, ISWAP, CZ；The second is continuous element, it indicates at least to be matched by a parameter in operation matrix on quantum chip
The element set, such as CPHASE, C-U.
Quantum chip source data is recorded using formatted text in the application.Formatted text is that one kind has
The text file of the information such as style, typesetting and format is one kind more optimization using formatted text record and persistently (can be long-term
Be stored in such as hard disk and other media) scheme.Such as: JSON, XML, the forms such as ini file, compared to general text, lattice
Formula text can increase the efficiency of reading and configuration.
In software construction, carrying out record using the adjacency matrix of figure is that the blotter that one kind more optimizes (reads and exists
In memory) scheme.Fig. 3 is described using adjacency matrix, in graph theory, adjacency matrix is the common storage for indicating a figure
It indicates, it distinguishes the relationship between the information and data element of storing data-elements (1,2,3,4 in such as Fig. 3) with two number groups
(while or arc) information (in such as Fig. 3 1,2,3,4 between while).Here, the diagonal element in adjacency matrix stores quantum
The single quantum bit logical operation door set that bit is supported；Off-diagonal element in matrix stores two quantum bits and can prop up
Two quantum logic operation door set in the connection held, and connection.This scheme, which is advantageous in that, to be easy to index quantum bit
Between relationship, connection can be judged whether there is by the time complexity of O (1).
Carrying out record using the adjacency list of figure is another blotter scheme more optimized.Figure is carried out using adjacency list
It describes (in graph theory, adjacency list represents all sides or arc in a figure), it is (right that all nodes is stored by an array
Answer the quantum bit on chip), node includes the single quantum bit logic gate that quantum bit is supported；And pass through another number
Group stores all sides, and two supported quantum bit logic gates are connected comprising this in side.
Using the connection on a kind of general data structure (such as formatted text) preservation quantum chip in present specification
Relationship, and single quantum bit, the set of two quantum bit logic gates supported.Consider single quantum bit logic gate and two
Quantum bit logic gate may be continuous set, it is also possible to which discrete set adapts to different quantum chip TT&C systems
The case where.In above scheme, persistence save scheme can be used, the scheme recorded in memory also can be used.
By adopting the above technical scheme, following technical effect is realized:
1. saving the connection relationship on quantum chip using a kind of general and unified data structure, and the single amount supported
The set of sub- bit, two quantum bit logic gates.
2. in view of single quantum bit logic gate and two quantum bit logic gates may be continuous, it may be possible to discrete collection
The case where closing, adapting to different quantum chip TT&C systems.
3. data use graph model, it is easy to record, persistence save scheme can be used, also can be used in memory and record
Scheme.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that according to above-mentioned implementation
The method of example can be realized by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to by hardware, but it is very much
In the case of the former be more preferably embodiment.Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the application is substantially in other words to existing
The part that technology contributes can be embodied in the form of software products, which is stored in a storage
In medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD), including some instructions are used so that a terminal device (can be mobile phone, calculate
Machine, server or network equipment etc.) execute method described in each embodiment of the application.
Embodiment two
A kind of recording device of metadata is additionally provided in the present embodiment, and the device is for realizing above-described embodiment and excellent
Embodiment is selected, the descriptions that have already been made will not be repeated.As used below, predetermined function may be implemented in term " module "
Software and/or hardware combination.Although device described in following embodiment is preferably realized with software, hardware,
Or the realization of the combination of software and hardware is also that may and be contemplated.
According to one embodiment of present specification, a kind of recording device of metadata is provided, comprising:
First obtains module, for obtaining the metadata of quantum chip；
Logging modle, for recording the metadata.
By adopting the above technical scheme, from quantum chip interior or external server, quantum chip ready for use is obtained
Metadata records the metadata, subsequent to turn according to the metadata to quantum program is carried out when using the quantum chip
It changes, quantum program is executed on quantum chip, solve the scheme in the related technology due to lacking record metadata
The problem for causing quantum program range of operation limited, timely and accurately records metadata, increases the scope of application of quantum program.
According to another embodiment of present specification, a kind of running gear of quantum program is additionally provided, comprising:
Second obtains module, for obtaining the metadata of the quantum chip wait run the first quantum program；
Conversion module is the second quantum program for converting the first quantum program according to the metadata；
Execution module, for executing the second quantum program on the quantum chip.
Using above-mentioned steps, the first pending quantum program is converted to the form of quantum chip support in time, solved
The problem for causing the quantum program range of operation limited due to lacking the scheme of record metadata in the related technology, timely and accurately
Metadata is recorded, the scope of application of quantum program is increased.
It should be noted that above-mentioned modules can be realized by software or hardware, for the latter, Ke Yitong
Following manner realization is crossed, but not limited to this: above-mentioned module is respectively positioned in same processor；Alternatively, above-mentioned modules are with any
Combined form is located in different processors.
Embodiment three
Embodiments herein additionally provides a kind of storage medium.Optionally, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned storage medium can
To be arranged to store the program code for executing following steps:
S1 obtains the metadata of quantum chip；
S2 records the metadata.
Optionally, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned storage medium can include but is not limited to: USB flash disk, read-only memory (ROM,
Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or
The various media that can store program code such as CD.
Embodiments herein additionally provides a kind of electronic device, including memory and processor, stores in the memory
There is computer program, which is arranged to run computer program to execute the step in any of the above-described embodiment of the method
Suddenly.
Optionally, above-mentioned electronic device can also include transmitting device and input-output equipment, wherein the transmitting device
It is connected with above-mentioned processor, which connects with above-mentioned processor.
Optionally, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned processor can be set to execute following steps by computer program:
S1 obtains the metadata of quantum chip；
S2 records the metadata.
Optionally, the specific example in the present embodiment can be with reference to described in above-described embodiment and optional embodiment
Example, details are not described herein for the present embodiment.
Optionally, the specific example in the present embodiment can be with reference to described in above-described embodiment and optional embodiment
Example, details are not described herein for the present embodiment.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that each module of above-mentioned the application or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and formed
Network on, optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to which they are stored
It is performed by computing device in the storage device, and in some cases, it can be to be different from shown in sequence execution herein
Out or description the step of, perhaps they are fabricated to each integrated circuit modules or by them multiple modules or
Step is fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.It is combined in this way, the application is not limited to any specific hardware and software.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of recording method of metadata characterized by comprising
Obtain the metadata of quantum chip；
Record the metadata.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein recording the metadata, comprising: remember in formatted text
Record the metadata.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the metadata includes at least one Types Below:
Connection structure on the quantum chip between quantum bit；
The first set for the single quantum bit operation door that each quantum bit is supported on the quantum chip；
The second set of the two quantum bits operation door of support is connected on the quantum chip between every two quantum bit.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, connection in the metadata between the quantum bit
When structure, comprising:
In formatted text, the connection structure between the quantum bit is recorded in the form of no weight graph.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, being recorded in the form of no weight graph between the quantum bit
Connection structure, comprising: the connection structure between the quantum bit is recorded using Adjacent Matrix Method or adjacency list method.
6. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, single amount that each quantum bit is supported on the quantum chip
The first set of sub- bit operating door operates door including the single quantum bit with following characteristics:
The matrix element that single quantum bit operates door is discrete element；
Or, the matrix element of single quantum bit operation door is continuous element.
7. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, being connected between every two quantum bit on the quantum chip
The second set for the two quantum bits operation door supported, operates door including two quantum bits with following characteristics:
The matrix element that two quantum bits operate door is discrete element；
Alternatively, the matrix element of two quantum bits operation door is continuous element.
8. a kind of operation method of quantum program characterized by comprising
Obtain the metadata of the quantum chip wait run the first quantum program；
Converting the first quantum program according to the metadata is the second quantum program；
The second quantum program is executed on the quantum chip.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, being according to metadata conversion the first quantum program
Before second quantum program, comprising:
It is determined according to the metadata and is unable to run the first quantum program on the quantum chip.
10. a kind of recording device of metadata characterized by comprising
First obtains module, for obtaining the metadata of quantum chip；
Logging modle, for recording the metadata.
11. a kind of running gear of quantum program characterized by comprising
Second obtains module, for obtaining the metadata of the quantum chip wait run the first quantum program；
Conversion module is the second quantum program for converting the first quantum program according to the metadata；
Execution module, for executing the second quantum program on the quantum chip.
12. a kind of storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer program in the storage medium, wherein the computer
Program is arranged to execute method described in any one of claim 1 to 9 when operation.
13. a kind of electronic device, including memory and processor, which is characterized in that be stored with computer journey in the memory
Sequence, the processor are arranged to run the computer program to execute side described in any one of claim 1 to 9
Method.
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