CN109374754A - A kind of Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment - Google Patents
A kind of Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374754A CN109374754A CN201811319498.2A CN201811319498A CN109374754A CN 109374754 A CN109374754 A CN 109374754A CN 201811319498 A CN201811319498 A CN 201811319498A CN 109374754 A CN109374754 A CN 109374754A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/262—Linear objects
- G01N2291/2623—Rails; Railroads
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Detection capability scaling methods of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment, comprising the following steps: S1: designing and is laid with the calibration route including several artificial calibration hurts for demarcating inspection car Detection capability；S2: carrying out n times rating test according to standard detection speed for inspection car on calibration line road, and counts detection result of each artificial calibration hurt in each secondary rating test；S3: it according to detection as a result, calculate the single hurt recall rate and single hurt rate of false alarm of each rating test, S4: calculates n times rating test and is averaged recall rate and average rate of false alarm；S5: by average recall rate δIt is average, average rate of false alarm ΔIt is averageIt is compared respectively with the recall rate of inspection car, rate of false alarm, judges whether inspection car Detection capability meets the requirements.The scaling method intuitive and reliable, easily and effectively can carry out calibration detection periodically or non-periodically to complicated defect-detecting equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the in-service rail operation quality on-line checkings of city rail and safe early warning technical field, and in particular to
A kind of scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting Detection capability.
Background technique
Track transportation industry has always existed development since putting into effect, between operation security and equipment dependability, fits
The contradiction answered.Equipment use state is detected, is assessed, to prevention apparatus failure, it is unimpeded most important to guarantee that route continues.
In recent years in track transportation industry, large-scale detection device with more more and more universal, act on also more and more important.Track detecting
The utilization of the Large-scale Railways infrastructure dynamic mass test equipment such as vehicle, synthetic detection vehicle, rail-defect detector car, bridge tunnel detection vehicle,
Infrastructure security is substantially increased to put prevention first for safe operation with control and monitoring and play very important effect.
In the prior art, in order to which preferably with all kinds of large-scale detection devices, holding detecting state is good, testing result
It is accurate and effective, it needs to carry out detection system (such as ultrasonic fault detection system/equipment) rating test periodically or non-periodically, with
It is easy to adjustment in time because operating condition it is severe caused by detection system misalignment.Therefore, a kind of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment is needed
Detection capability scaling method meet the needs of real work.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of Detection capability calibration sides of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment
Method intuitive and reliable, easily and effectively can carry out calibration detection periodically or non-periodically to complicated defect-detecting equipment.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment, comprising the following steps:
S1: designing and is laid with the calibration route including several artificial calibration hurts for demarcating inspection car Detection capability；
S2: carrying out n times rating test according to standard detection speed for inspection car on calibration line road, and counts each artificial
Demarcate detection result of the hurt in each secondary rating test；
S3: according to detection as a result, calculating the single hurt recall rate δ of each rating testiAnd single hurt rate of false alarm Δi,
δi=Ni/N0* 100% (1)
Δi=ni/N0* 100% (2)
Wherein, NiNumber, N are detected for hurt0To be examined route hurt total number, niNumber is detected for non-hurt；
S4: respectively according to single hurt recall rate δi, single hurt rate of false alarm ΔiN times rating test is calculated to be averaged recall rate
δIt is averageWith average rate of false alarm ΔIt is average；
S5: by average recall rate δIt is average, average rate of false alarm ΔIt is averageRespectively with the recall rate δ of inspection carIt visits, rate of false alarm ΔIt visitsThan
It is right:
If δIt is average≥δIt visits, and ΔIt is average≤ΔIt visitsIt is flat, then it can determine whether that inspection car Detection capability meets the requirements；
Otherwise, then judge that inspection car Detection capability is undesirable, Equipment need to be searched and targetedly tieed up
It repairs.
Further, in step sl, the artificial calibration hurt can be classified as following nine classes wound according to its hurt feature
Damage:
Rail head transversal crack, rail head vertical crack, the oblique crackle of rail head, web of the rail transversal crack, web of the rail horizontal crackle, rail bottom
Transversal crack, plumb joint hurt, screw hole shear crack and screw hole horizontal crackle.
Further, every class hurt includes several artificial calibration hurts that can distinguish inspection car detection precision.
Further, in step sl, the artificial calibration hurt can be processed directly using standard rail and is made.
Further, in step sl, the calibration route includes acceleration and deceleration area, buffer area and hurt area, described artificial
It demarcates hurt and is set to the hurt area.
Further, the buffer area is distributed between the acceleration and deceleration area and hurt area；The acceleration and deceleration area and buffering
Qu Jun includes two, and is symmetrically distributed in hurt area two sides.
Further, the length in the hurt area is to be at least 75m.
Further, hurt area unilateral side includes at least the rail of 6 head and the tail connections.
Further, in step s 2, N >=10.
Further, in step s 2, the standard detection speed is 40km/h~60km/h.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Scaling method of the invention is first in the prefabricated artificial calibration comprising various hurt types in hurt area of calibration route
Hurt, then count and calculate inspection car on calibration line road the average recall rate of the artificial calibration hurt of multiple rating test and
Average rate of false alarm, by by the average recall rate of rating test and be averaged rate of false alarm respectively with the performance indicator of inspection car, namely:
The average recall rate and average rate of false alarm of inspection car, are compared, and can quickly judge whether the Detection capability of inspection car accords with
It closes and requires.Inspection car is regularly demarcated using method of the invention, can effectively ensure that inspection car works normally, protect
Hinder inspection car recall rate, for guaranteeing that the unimpeded safety of route is most important.
In addition, the Artificial lesions in this method cover the damage of each type, inspection car pair can be detected with comprehensive simulated
In the Detection capability of various types damage, to fully and effectively evaluate inspection car Detection capability.Calibration route in this method
Suitable for all types of ultrasonic test equipments.
Detailed description of the invention
Technology of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of calibration route of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is layout drawing of the artificial calibration hurt of the present invention on rail.
Wherein:
1, acceleration and deceleration area；2, buffer area；3, hurt area；
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention discloses a kind of Detection capability scaling methods of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment, comprising the following steps:
S1: designing and is laid with the calibration route including several artificial calibration hurts for demarcating inspection car Detection capability；
For rail defects and failures, although it morphologically has randomness variability, the form of expression is also difficult to standardize；But root
There is certain regularity again according to main technical characteristics, hurts such as rail use condition, wheel-rail contact relationship stress and routes.
From the point of view of the distributing position of hurt and its main characterization, hurt can be classified as to following nine class: rail head core wound (or rail
Head transversal crack), web of the rail crackle, horizontal crackle vertical crack, rail head bulk core wound, gage line shelly crack, bolt hole crack, rail bottom fall
Block, rail bottom crescent moon wound and web of the rail tubulose, poroid hurt.Therefore disconnected first, in accordance with rail when board design manually demarcates hurt
Rail is divided into three rail head, the web of the rail and rail bottom regions by face shape.Wherein, rail head portion include transversal crack (core wound), it is vertical
Crackle and oblique crackle three classes；Web section includes two class of transversal crack and horizontal crackle；Rail bottom includes transversal crack one kind.And
The link position between rail is combined afterwards, increases hurt two major classes at plumb joint hurt and seamed connecting socket.Wherein, at screw hole
Hurt includes screw hole shear crack, two class of screw hole horizontal crackle.That is, all kinds of hurts are drawn according to the position and direction of distribution
It is divided into nine classes: rail head transversal crack, rail head vertical crack, the oblique crackle of rail head, web of the rail transversal crack, web of the rail horizontal crackle, rail
Bottom horizontal crackle, plumb joint hurt, screw hole shear crack and screw hole horizontal crackle.
Therefore, the artificial calibration hurt in this method covers nine above-mentioned class hurts, and every class hurt can comprising several
Distinguish the artificial calibration hurt of inspection car detection precision.On the calibration line road, the artificial calibration hurt can directly utilize mark
Quasi- rail processing is made.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the calibration route includes acceleration and deceleration area 1, buffer area 2 and hurt area 3, the artificial mark
Hurt is determined set on the hurt area 3.
Specifically, the buffer area 2 is distributed between the acceleration and deceleration area 1 and hurt area 3；The acceleration and deceleration area 1 is gentle
Rushing area 2 includes two, and is symmetrically distributed in 3 two sides of hurt area.The hurt area 3 is unilateral to be connected including at least 6 head and the tail
The rail connect, the length of every rail are all made of the identical 60km/m rail type standard of main track at 12.5 meters.The hurt area
Length is to be at least 75m.
S2: carrying out n times rating test according to standard detection speed for inspection car on calibration line road, and counts each artificial
Demarcate detection result of the hurt in each secondary rating test；
Wherein, N >=10, the standard detection speed is then 40km/h~60km/h.
S3: according to detection as a result, calculating the single hurt recall rate δ of each rating testiAnd single hurt rate of false alarm Δi,
δi=Ni/N0* 100% (1)
Δi=ni/N0* 100% (2)
Wherein, NiNumber, N are detected for hurt0To be examined route hurt total number, niNumber is detected for non-hurt；
S4: respectively according to single hurt recall rate δi, single hurt rate of false alarm ΔiCalculate the average detection of n times rating test
Rate δIt is averageWith average rate of false alarm ΔIt is average；
S5: by average recall rate δIt is average, average rate of false alarm ΔIt is averageRespectively with the recall rate δ of inspection carIt visits, rate of false alarm ΔIt visitsThan
It is right:
If δIt is average≥δIt visits, and ΔIt is average≤ΔIt visitsIt is flat, then it can determine whether that inspection car Detection capability meets the requirements；
Otherwise, then judge that inspection car Detection capability is undesirable, Equipment need to be searched and targetedly tieed up
It repairs.
Based on above step, it includes various hurt classes that scaling method of the invention is prefabricated in the hurt area of calibration route first
The artificial calibration hurt of type then counts and calculates inspection car artificial calibration hurt of multiple rating test on calibration line road
Average recall rate and average rate of false alarm, by by the average recall rate of rating test and be averaged rate of false alarm respectively with the property of inspection car
Energy index, namely: the average recall rate and average rate of false alarm of inspection car are compared, can quickly judge the inspection of inspection car
Whether output capacity meets the requirements.Inspection car is regularly demarcated using method of the invention, can effectively ensure flaw detection
Vehicle works normally, and ensures inspection car recall rate, for guaranteeing that the unimpeded safety of route is most important.In addition, artificial in this method
Damage covers the damage of each type, can detect the Detection capability that inspection car damages various types with comprehensive simulated, from
And fully and effectively evaluate inspection car Detection capability.Calibration route in this method is suitable for all types of ultrasonic examinations and sets
It is standby.
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below:
Embodiment 1
Guangzhou Underground is equipped with situation according to detection device, in " the large size detection of project verification (project code: 14A0013) in 2014
The design of vehicle composite calibration line technology and project study ", it is conceived to the special composite calibration line of researching and designing, to realize to all kinds of inspections
Examining system carries out periodic calibrating and test, the utilization of all kinds of detection devices of specification.It is detected in the research contents about rail examination
Project, defect-detecting equipment debugging is checked and accepted, equipment in use periodic calibrating has effect of the utmost importance, to specification rail examination equipment fortune
With guarantee rail equipment with quality with particularly significant.
In March, 2017 has been laid with calibration route in tall building Kau test run line, 600 meters of the calibration route overall length, including acceleration and deceleration area,
Buffer area and hurt area, and calibration check has been carried out to the large-scale inspection car of new buying arrival, as to the large size inspection car
The examination of detectability.
Wherein, the hurt area of the calibration route, which is provided with, covers that rail head transversal crack, rail head vertical crack, rail head is oblique splits
Line, web of the rail transversal crack, web of the rail horizontal crackle, rail bottom transversal crack, plumb joint hurt, screw hole shear crack and screw hole horizontal crackle
Hurt is manually demarcated in many places including nine class hurts.
Further, for convenient for distinguishing defect-detecting equipment accuracy of identification, every class hurt can be more according to settings such as its hurt degree
It is a, specifically, including manually demarcating hurt at as shown in Table 1 60, and this manually demarcates hurt in the calibration line at 60
Arrangement on the rail of road is as shown in Figure 2.75 meters of hurt area overall length, hurt area unilateral side include the six roots of sensation head and the tail connection rail, every
The length of rail is 12.5 meters, and is all made of the identical 60kg/m rail type standard of main track.A fixed number is distributed on every rail
The artificial calibration hurt of amount.
1 rail of table manually demarcates hurt design and main feature
It is 40km/h that the inspection car, which detects speed, reaches as high as 60km/h, belongs to from wheel and runs large-scale detection device, right
Length requirement under route setting requirements and friction speed, which should be demarcated, see the table below 2.
Table 2 demarcates siding-to-siding block length minimum allowable value
| It demarcates speed (km/h) | Acceleration and deceleration area (m) | Buffer area (m) | Hurt area (m) | Calibration line total length (m) | It is required that total length (m) |
| 40 | 137 | 50 | 75 | 449 | 600 |
| 60 | 494 | 75 | 75 | 1213 | 1400 |
Be limited to tall building Kau test run line calibration effective length of track be 600 meters or so, therefore using 40km/h detect speed into
Rower regular inspection is surveyed.Calibration monitoring number is each 5 times back and forth, i.e., detects times N=10 in total.Its detection statistics knot for detecting 10 times
Fruit see the table below 3 Guangzhou Underground inspection car tall building Kau calibration line hurt detection situation record sheet.
Guangzhou Underground inspection car tall building Kau calibration line hurt of table 3 detects situation record sheet
According to the testing result of table 3, the calibration result of the large size inspection car can be calculated are as follows: average recall rate δIt is averageFor
95.8%, average rate of false alarm ΔIt is averageIt is 16.3%.And the inspection car technical indicator is recall rate δIt visits≮ 95%, rate of false alarm ΔIt visits≯
20%.Inspection car technical requirement namely inspection car detection energy it can thus be appreciated that the result of judgement calibration detection meets the requirements
Power meets the requirements, without repairing.This method can be very intuitive and convenient judge whether inspection car needs to overhaul, have very
Strong practical value.
Other contents of the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment of the present invention are referring to existing skill
Art, details are not described herein.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, therefore
Without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention it is to the above embodiments it is any modification,
Equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment, which comprises the following steps:
S1: designing and is laid with the calibration route including several artificial calibration hurts for demarcating inspection car Detection capability；
S2: inspection car is subjected to n times rating test according to standard detection speed on calibration line road, and counts each artificial calibration
Detection result of the hurt in each secondary rating test；
S3: according to detection as a result, calculating the single hurt recall rate δ of each rating testiAnd single hurt rate of false alarm Δi,
δi=Ni/N0* 100% (1)
Δi=ni/N0* 100% (2)
Wherein, NiNumber, N are detected for hurt0To be examined route hurt total number, niNumber is detected for non-hurt；
S4: respectively according to single hurt recall rate δi, single hurt rate of false alarm ΔiN times rating test is calculated to be averaged recall rate δIt is average
With average rate of false alarm ΔIt is average；
S5: by average recall rate δIt is average, average rate of false alarm ΔIt is averageRespectively with the recall rate δ of inspection carIt visits, rate of false alarm ΔIt visitsIt compares:
If δIt is average≥δIt visits, and ΔIt is average≤ΔIt visitsIt is flat, then it can determine whether that inspection car Detection capability meets the requirements；
Otherwise, then judge that inspection car Detection capability is undesirable, Equipment need to be searched and targetedly repaired.
2. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
In rapid S1, the artificial calibration hurt can be classified as following nine classes hurt according to its hurt feature:
Rail head transversal crack, rail head vertical crack, the oblique crackle of rail head, web of the rail transversal crack, web of the rail horizontal crackle, rail bottom are lateral
Crackle, plumb joint hurt, screw hole shear crack and screw hole horizontal crackle.
3. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that every class
Hurt includes the artificial calibration hurt that several can distinguish inspection car detection precision.
4. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step sl, the artificial calibration hurt can be processed directly using standard rail and is made.
5. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
In rapid S1, the calibration route includes acceleration and deceleration area, buffer area and hurt area, and the artificial calibration hurt is set to the hurt
Area.
6. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Buffer area is distributed between the acceleration and deceleration area and hurt area；The acceleration and deceleration area and buffer area include two, and symmetrical point
Cloth is in hurt area two sides.
7. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
The length in hurt area is to be at least 75m.
8. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Hurt area unilateral side includes at least the rail of 6 head and the tail connections.
9. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
In rapid S2, N >=10.
10. the Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step S2, the standard detection speed is 40km/h~60km/h.
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| CN201811319498.2A CN109374754A (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2018-11-07 | A kind of Detection capability scaling method of steel rail ultrasonic flaw detecting equipment |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115201339A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-18 | 河北铁达科技有限公司 | Detection device, turnout rail bottom flaw detection equipment and method |
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