CN109374673A - A kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model - Google Patents
A kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374673A CN109374673A CN201811108253.5A CN201811108253A CN109374673A CN 109374673 A CN109374673 A CN 109374673A CN 201811108253 A CN201811108253 A CN 201811108253A CN 109374673 A CN109374673 A CN 109374673A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
- G06F17/12—Simultaneous equations, e.g. systems of linear equations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model, including control command module, input module, simulation calculating module and output module, the control command module is connected with input module, simulation calculating module and output module respectively, for controlling the dependent instruction of entire predicting platform；The input module inputs or adjusts according to the actual situation correlation model parameters, provides primary condition for the simulation calculating of predicting platform；The result of simulation calculating is sent to output module according to the progress of correlation model parameters Controlling model simulation calculating by the simulation calculating module；The output module is for exporting clothes heat transmitting information and human physiological reaction data.The present invention can predict the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit under fire hazard environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire-entry suit detection technique fields, anti-more particularly to a kind of fire-entry suit heat based on heat transfer model
Protect performance prediction platform.
Background technique
With the increase of occupational safety and health attention rate, fire-entry suit, which has become staff, to carry out fire-fighting fire extinguishing and rescues
Indispensable protective gear in helping.However, according to National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): in 2007-2016 annual every year about 80
For the fireman of name by fatal harm, more than 30000 firemans are injured due to the operation of the scene of a fire.The safety and health of fireman
It is closely related with the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit.Past researcher is often using experiment simulation scene of a fire situation, to evaluate fire-fighting
The thermal protective performance of clothes is tested such as the thermal protective performance using fire fighting fabric under the conditions of TPP tester evaluation scintillation using RPP
The radiation protection performance of fire fighting fabric and utilization combustion dummy man are tested under the conditions of instrument evaluates different radiation intensity from SET tester
The thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit entirety under the conditions of system evaluation scintillation.
The experiment measurement of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing can not obtain extensive since operating process is complicated, equipment is expensive
Using, while the irreversible breakings such as the fabric and clothes that are measured by experiment can deform, thermal chemical reaction, it causes greatly
Waste.The numerical model of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing is used as to be caused in recent years without one of damage test evaluation method
The extensive concern of researcher.But the numerical model of thermal protective performance is mainly used for probing into the heat biography inside fire-entry suit at present
Rule is passed, and does not set up corresponding thermal protective performance predicting platform, due to the complexity of numerical model, the model that these are established is not
The application of fire-entry suit design research staff and fire-fighting operation personnel can be obtained, practical value has great limitation.Therefore,
In order to be set with providing optimization of the fire-entry suit under different heat exposure environment using the thermal protective performance of numerical model prediction fire-entry suit
The guilding principle of meter scheme and fire-fighting operation makes up the complexity due to numerical model and is unable to get the deficiency effectively applied,
Need to establish the predicting platform of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing based on heat transfer model is pre-
Platform is surveyed, can predict the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit under fire hazard environment.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: providing a kind of fire-entry suit based on heat transfer model
Thermal protective performance predicting platform, including control command module, input module, simulation calculating module and output module, the control
Command module is connected with input module, simulation calculating module and output module respectively, for controlling the correlation of entire predicting platform
Instruction；The input module inputs or adjusts according to the actual situation correlation model parameters, provides for the simulation calculating of predicting platform
Primary condition；The simulation calculating module is according to the progress of correlation model parameters Controlling model simulation calculating, and by simulation calculating
Result be sent to output module；The output module is for exporting clothes heat transmitting information and human physiological reaction data.
The input module includes environmental condition input unit, clothes parameter input unit, air layer parameter input unit
And characteristics of human body's parameter input unit；The environmental condition input unit is used for input environment temperature and humidity, wind speed, radiation-emitting
Rate, heat source temperature and heat exposure time and cooling time；The clothes parameter input unit is for inputting fabric thickness, close
Degree, thermal coefficient, specific heat capacity, porosity and emissivity；The air layer parameter input unit is used for the thickness of input air layer
With width, thermal coefficient, specific heat capacity and pressure；Characteristics of human body's input unit is for inputting human skin surface's temperature, spoke
Penetrate emissivity, blood perfusion rate, metabolic heat production rate, skin layers thermal coefficient, thermal capacitance, thickness and density.
The simulation calculating module includes application call unit, model loading unit and simulation run result unit,
Described program call unit is the M file for calling completion prepared in advance, the model loading unit reflection model calling process
Speed, the result of simulation run result unit Dynamic Display model calling operation each time, wherein M file is to be based on
Matlab platform is programmed completion, is mainly used for solving heat transmitting numerical model.
The heat transmitting numerical model solution procedure is as follows: (1) being burnt according to fire-entry suit heat transfer model and human skin
Hurt prediction model, constructs partial differential equations；(2) using finite difference calculus carry out grid dividing, carry out partial differential equations and
The discretization of boundary condition；(3) basic parameter of initialization definitions " people-fire-entry suit-environment "；(4) according to tjThe temperature at moment
Value solves tjThe fire-entry suit thermal physical property parameter at moment；(5) according to tjThe temperature value at moment solves tjThe fire-entry suit radiant heat at moment
Transmitting；(6) according to the setting of corresponding primary condition and boundary condition, t is solvedj+1The temperature change at moment；(7) judge tj+1It is
It is no to be less than total exposure duration, then continue to repeat step (4)-(6) if it is less than total exposure duration, otherwise terminates calculating process.
The output form of the output module includes that list data and figure are shown.
Beneficial effect
Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and actively imitating
Fruit:
(1) thermal protective performance of present invention prediction fire-entry suit is utilized, it is possible to reduce waste of the fire-entry suit in experiment test,
Cost of labor, time cost are saved simultaneously, quickly and conveniently obtains the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit；
(2) there is convenience interactive interface, user can be with the type of design fire environment and fire-entry suit, so that output disappears
Thermal protective performance and the human body burn of anti-clothes are horizontal, meet the flexible fortune of fire-entry suit design research staff and fire-fighting operation personnel
With optimizing the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit, while theoretical foundation can be provided for the fire-fighting fire extinguishing task instruction under realism；
(3) have multinomial input function, including environmental condition, fire-entry suit performance parameter, characteristics of human body's parameter, it can be accurate
A variety of fire hazard environments are simulated, make up the limitation of existing experiment test simulation fire hazard environment, while more convenient, accurate investigation disappears
The anti-influence factor for taking thermal protective performance；
(4) data output and assay surface are established, the variation of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing is more intuitively analyzed, for
Thermal protection new material, the suitable Heat Protective Equipments of science screening are researched and developed, improves the safety of fire-fighting operation with extremely important
Meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is configuration diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the thermal protection performance of bunker clothing of heat transfer model to predict implementation flow chart；
Fig. 3 is the skin temperature comparison diagram of present invention prediction with the measurement of thermal protection tester.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
Embodiments of the present invention are related to a kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model, such as scheme
Shown in 1, including control command module 1, input module 2, simulation calculating module 3 and output module 4, the control command module 1
It is connected respectively with input module 2, simulation calculating module 3 and output module 4, for controlling the dependent instruction of entire predicting platform；
The input module 2 inputs or adjusts according to the actual situation correlation model parameters, provides initially for the simulation calculating of predicting platform
Condition；The simulation calculating module 3 is according to the progress of correlation model parameters Controlling model simulation calculating, and by the knot of simulation calculating
Fruit is sent to output module；The output module 4 is for exporting clothes heat transmitting information and human physiological reaction data.
Control command module 1 is associated with the other three module, can control the operation of entire design platform, is furnished with menu
Design 11, switching push button 12 and functional areas 13.Wherein, menu design 11 mainly includes file, editor, selection, view, window
With help.File menu is capable of providing the correlation functions such as opening, newly-built, closing, preservation, printing；Edit menu is mainly used for
Change the attribute for having selected object, the order for selecting menu to operate constituency, such as: Quan Xuan, reselect；View menu is
For changing active view order and creating the order of new view, such as scale, style, alignment；Window menu is to provide control
The order of window in working environment, such as workspace, tool, option, historical record, color panel option；Help menu is
Copyright information, the Online Help of software, such as helplist, system information, registration are provided.Switching push button 12 mainly includes preference
It is arranged, model initialization, operation start, operation result, operation stop the switchings of five modules.Functional areas 13 mainly there is provided
Some common quick bottons, such as: open new procedures, preservation, printing, amplification/diminution, movement/rotation, selection data etc., energy
Carry out procedure operation to enough more convenient and quickers.
Input module 2 includes environmental conditions parameter input unit 21, clothes parameter input unit 22, the input of air layer parameter
Unit 23 and characteristics of human body's parameter input unit 24 provide primary condition for the simulation calculating module 3 of predicting platform.Wherein,
When environmental conditions parameter input unit 21 can be with input environment temperature and humidity, wind speed, radiant emissivity, heat source temperature and heat exposure
Between and cooling time, can be used in simulate fireman under different fire situations fight fire extinguishing procedure and fight after it is cold
But process；Clothes parameter input unit 22 can input fabric thickness, density, thermal coefficient, specific heat capacity, porosity, emissivity,
It can reflect the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit substantially by the setting of clothes parameter, simulate dressing shape of the human body under fire hazard environment
State；Air layer is the micro climate region between human body and clothes, and air layer parameter input unit 23 can be with the thickness of input air layer
Degree and width, thermal coefficient, specific heat capacity and pressure size, to reflect the heat-insulating capability of air layer；The input of characteristics of human body's parameter
It is thermally conductive that unit 24 can input human skin surface's temperature, radiant emissivity, blood perfusion rate, metabolic heat production rate, skin layers
Coefficient, thermal capacitance, thickness and density meet Studies of Human Body Heat transmitting and the calculating of hot Physiological effect, predict human skin in fire hazard environment
Under burn situation.
3 major function of simulation calculating module is the progress of Controlling model simulation calculating, can receive the input of input module 2
Information, transmitting simulation calculating result is sent to output module 4, by routine call unit 31, model loading unit 32, simulation run
As a result 33 three parts of unit form.Wherein, routine call unit 31 refers to the M file for calling completion prepared in advance, model load
Unit 32 reflects the speed of model calling process, the knot of 33 Dynamic Display of simulation run result unit model calling operation each time
Fruit.The M file is to be programmed completion based on Matlab platform, is mainly used for solving fire-entry suit heat transmitting Numerical-Mode
Type.
The emulation method for solving of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model is as shown in Fig. 2, main
The following steps are included:
1. constructing partial differential equations according to fire-entry suit heat transfer model and human skin burn prediction model；
2. carrying out grid dividing using finite difference calculus, the discretization of partial differential equations and boundary condition is carried out；
The initialization definitions of " 3. people-fire-entry suit-environment " basic parameter；
4. according to tjThe temperature value at moment solves tjThe fire-entry suit thermal physical property parameter at moment；
5. according to tjThe temperature value at moment solves tjRadiant heat transmitting inside the fire-entry suit at moment；
6. solving t according to the setting of corresponding primary condition and boundary conditionj+1The temperature change at moment；
7. judging tj+1Whether it is less than total exposure duration, then continues to repeat step 4,5,6 if it is less than total exposure duration；
8. if tj+1Greater than total exposure duration, then terminate calculating process, exports final calculation result.
Output module 4 can export the clothes heat transmitting information 41 and human physiological reaction calculated by simulation calculating module 3
Data 42, the form of output include that list data and figure are shown, can carry out the storage and analysis 43 of data.Wherein, clothes
The temperature of heat transmitting information 41 including different layers clothes, heat flux, the thermal energy of transmitting and accumulation thermal energy, be mainly used for point
The thermal protective performance of different layers inner is analysed, the heat transfer mechanisms inside fire-entry suit are disclosed；The output of human physiological reaction 42
There are skin burn degree and different brackets burn time, the temperature of different layers skin histology, the thermal energy of transmitting and skin histology to store
Long-pending thermal energy reflects that fire-entry suit is to the protection level of human body under Fire Conditions.
In order to verify the validity and feasibility of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform, a kind of common fire-entry suit is had chosen
As research object, carry out the simulation and prediction of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing using predicting platform of the invention, and with general heat
The experimental result that protective performance tester measures analyzes.Fundamental performance parameter such as 1 institute of table of fabric is taken in selected fire-fighting
Show, tested and provided according to ASTM F2731-11, design fire environment is Low emissivity heat exposure (8.5kW/m2), the heat of fabric is sudden and violent
The dew time is set as 300s, and the cooling stage acquisition time after heat exposure is 200s, using water cooling sensor to fire-entry suit
It is acquired with temperature and the heat flux variation of envers, for evaluating the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit.
The fundamental performance parameter of fabric is taken in 1 fire-fighting of table
Note: * indicates thermal physical property parameter value when measurement environment is 300K.
Thermal protection performance of bunker clothing prediction is carried out using the present invention method particularly includes:
1. opening input module 2, input environment parameter, the fundamental performance parameter of fire-entry suit different layers and characteristics of human body's ginseng
Number is simulated in 8.5kW/m2Low emissivity heat exposure under, fireman wears heat of the fire-entry suit in extinguishing operation and transmitted
Journey.Heat transfer process inside fire-entry suit, which is based on porous media heat transfer theory, may be expressed as:
In formula, ρfab、(cp)fab、kfabThe respectively density, specific heat capacity and thermal coefficient of fabric, T are different moments, difference
The temperature value of position, qradHeat flow density is transmitted for radiation.In heat exposure stage and cooling stage, fire hazard environment and fire-entry suit table
The heat transfer process in face can indicate respectively are as follows:
In formula, kshellFor the thermal coefficient of fire-entry suit outer fabric, hconv1And hconv2Respectively heat exposure stage and cooling
The convective heat-transfer coefficient in stage, σ are the graceful constant of Stefan booth, εshellAnd εgIt is the emissivity and High Temperature Gas of outer fabric respectively
The emissivity of body, TshellFor the temperature of fire-entry suit outer fabric, TambFor the temperature of environment, Fshell-ambFor fire-entry suit outer fabric
Ascent, t are transmitted to the radiant heat of ambient enviromentexpFor heat exposure time.Equation of heat transfer inside human skin is based on
Pennes biology heat transfer model is expressed as:
In formula, ρskinWith (cp)skinThe density and specific heat capacity of respectively each layer skin histology, ρbWith (cp)bRespectively blood
Density and specific heat capacity, ωbFor the blood perfusion rate of skin corium and subcutaneous tissue, TbFor the temperature of blood, GmFor being averaged for human body
Metabolic heat production.
2. entering simulation calculating module 3, calling model calculates application program, and making model, step is imitated according to Fig.2,
True operation in order to improve the convergence and stability of emulation solution procedure, while considering computational efficiency problem, and the present embodiment is adopted
With the discrete fire-entry suit equation of heat transfer of C-N format, time grid and space lattice are in turn divided into { t0,t1,...,tjAnd
{x0,x1,...,xi, define different moments tj, different location xiTemperature be Ti j, we can obtain fire-entry suit heat and transmit
The discrete scheme of journey is
In formula,γfabFor the radiation attenuation coefficient of fire-entry suit.
3. the final result of simulation calculating is transmitted to the output module 4 of predicting platform, the side combined with figure with table
Formula is shown, the storage and analysis of operation result are carried out using control command module 1.Wherein, the skin predicted using emulation platform
The skin burn time comparison of burn time and experiment measurement is as shown in table 2, it can be found that: the skin second level of emulation platform prediction
Time, three-level burn time and experimental measurements burn relatively, error size is respectively 2.62%, 3.65%, it is meant that
Based on thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform accuracy with higher and reliability that heat transfer model is established, can be used for pre-
Survey the thermal protective performance of fire-entry suit under fire hazard environment.
The predicted value of 2 skin burn of table and the comparison of experiment value
| As a result | The second degree burns time (s) | Three-level burns time (s) |
| Experimental measurements 1 | 163.5 | 286.5 |
| Experimental measurements 2 | 162.0 | 284.0 |
| Experimental measurements 3 | 166.0 | 292.0 |
| Laboratory mean values | 163.8 | 287.5 |
| Emulation platform predicted value | 159.5 | 298.0 |
| Error size | 2.62% | 3.65% |
In order to further analyze the validity of emulation platform prediction result, Fig. 3 compares emulation platform prediction and surveys with experiment
The skin temperature situation of change of amount, wherein A is experiment 1 in table 2, B is experiment 2 in table 2, C is experiment 3 in table 2, D is
Emulation platform of the invention.During entire heat exposure, skin temperature rises as time increases, and heat exposure terminates it
Afterwards, since fire-fighting dress system accumulation of heat discharges the heat transfer effect to skin, skin temperature can still rise a period of time, then due to disappearing
Anti- dress system is in lower cooler environment, and skin temperature starts sharply to decline.It is apparent that, emulation is flat from Fig. 3
The result of platform prediction and the variation tendency of experimental measurements have very high consistency, and skin temperature variation tendency is identical on the whole,
Further illustrate established thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform accuracy with higher.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform and fire-entry suit based on heat transfer model
Experimental measurements consistency with higher, so as to replace a part thermal protection performance of bunker clothing experiment test,
The evaluation efficiency of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing is improved, the material for reducing fire-entry suit experimental evaluation and manually waste, convenient for deeply solution
Analyse the influence factor and variation tendency of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing, it is easier to which research staff and fire-fighting operation people are designed by fire-entry suit
Member is applied, and can provide theoretical direction for the fire-fighting operation safeguard procedures under different fire hazard environments.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform based on heat transfer model, including control command module, input module,
Simulation calculating module and output module, which is characterized in that the control command module respectively with input module, simulation calculating module
It is connected with output module, for controlling the dependent instruction of entire predicting platform；The input module input according to the actual situation or
Correlation model parameters are adjusted, provide primary condition for the simulation calculating of predicting platform；The simulation calculating module is according to relevant mode
The progress of shape parameter Controlling model simulation calculating, and the result of simulation calculating is sent to output module；The output module is used
In output clothes heat transmitting information and human physiological reaction data.
2. the thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform according to claim 1 based on heat transfer model, which is characterized in that
The input module includes that environmental condition input unit, clothes parameter input unit, air layer parameter input unit and human body are special
Levy parameter input unit；The environmental condition input unit is used for input environment temperature and humidity, wind speed, radiant emissivity, heat source temperature
Degree and heat exposure time and cooling time；The clothes parameter input unit is for inputting fabric thickness, density, thermally conductive system
Number, specific heat capacity, porosity and emissivity；The air layer parameter input unit for input air layer thickness and width, lead
Hot coefficient, specific heat capacity and pressure；Characteristics of human body's input unit for input human skin surface's temperature, radiant emissivity,
Blood perfusion rate, metabolic heat production rate, skin layers thermal coefficient, thermal capacitance, thickness and density.
3. the thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform according to claim 1 based on heat transfer model, which is characterized in that
The simulation calculating module includes application call unit, model loading unit and simulation run result unit, described program
Call unit is the M file for calling completion prepared in advance, the speed of the model loading unit reflection model calling process, described
Simulation run result unit Dynamic Display each time model call operation result, wherein M file be based on Matlab platform into
Row programming is completed, and is mainly used for solving heat transmitting numerical model.
4. the thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform according to claim 3 based on heat transfer model, which is characterized in that
The heat transmitting numerical model solution procedure is as follows: (1) according to fire-entry suit heat transfer model and human skin burn prediction mould
Type constructs partial differential equations；(2) grid dividing is carried out using finite difference calculus, carries out partial differential equations and boundary condition
Discretization；(3) basic parameter of initialization definitions " people-fire-entry suit-environment "；(4) according to tjThe temperature value at moment solves tj
The fire-entry suit thermal physical property parameter at moment；(5) according to tjThe temperature value at moment solves tjThe fire-entry suit radiant heat at moment transmits；(6)
According to the setting of corresponding primary condition and boundary condition, t is solvedj+1The temperature change at moment；(7) judge tj+1Whether it is less than total
Exposure duration then continues to repeat step (4)-(6) if it is less than total exposure duration, otherwise terminates calculating process.
5. the thermal protection performance of bunker clothing predicting platform according to claim 1 based on heat transfer model, which is characterized in that
The output form of the output module includes that list data and figure are shown.
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