CN109374498A - A kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system and method - Google Patents
A kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374498A CN109374498A CN201811269597.4A CN201811269597A CN109374498A CN 109374498 A CN109374498 A CN 109374498A CN 201811269597 A CN201811269597 A CN 201811269597A CN 109374498 A CN109374498 A CN 109374498A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system and method, including coupling device and seepage flow measuring device, coupling device includes the pedestal for placing fissure rock test specimen；Seepage flow measuring device covers in the outside of pedestal and fissure rock test specimen, using symmetrical structure, its two sides passes through exhalant canal respectively and connects water tank, the water outlet of exhalant canal and the crack of fissure rock test specimen are located at same level, and flow sensor is equipped in water outlet, one end of flow sensor is connect with the barrel of seepage flow measuring device, and the other end is connect with exhalant canal, and water flow measuring instrument is also connected on exhalant canal.The present invention can not only measure seepage discharge size, but also can measure the flow velocity of crack rock boundary, obtain the relationship of seepage discharge and direct stress and the relationship of head pressure and water velocity；And the seepage liquefaction experiment when different direct stress and osmotic pressure intercouple of fissure rock is completed, experimentation is easy to operate, as a result reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock mass mechanics experimental system more particularly to a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling systems
And method.
Background technique
In underground engineering, rock mass is not only acted on by upper load and generates stress field, is also influenced by Analysis of Ground-water Seepage Field, ground
Being lauched in rock cranny flowing and generating pore water pressure leads to rock matrix and rock mass to change the stress field of rock mass
Crack deforms, so that porosity and the gap width in crack change, further influences the variation of seepage field, here it is cracks
The mechanism of Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling.
The experimental study of fracture seepage and stress is the basic project analyzed about Flow In Jointed Rock Masses and stress coupling,
The purpose of experimental study is to explore the coupling mechanism of fracture seepage and stress, to establish fracture seepage and stress coupling relationship
Mathematic(al) representation, it is usually required mainly for solve the problems, such as it is the corresponding relationship for finding out seepage discharge and stress variation, to obtain seepage flow
Stress coupling mathematic(al) representation.
Based on existing coupling experiment device is mostly coupled with shear stress, such as authorization Publication No. CN106018748B
" a kind of Single Fracture rock mass fluid-wall interaction pilot system and test " and CN104316447A " a kind of crack rock stress and seepage flow
Coupling testing system and method ", there is no consider the wide variation of gap, experimental method used caused by acting on due to normal stress
The relationship of seepage discharge and stress variation is not obtained.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is an object of the present invention to provide the Single Fracture rock mass infiltrations that one kind can obtain seepage discharge and direct stress relationship
Flow stress coupling system and method.
Technical solution: the present invention includes coupling device and seepage flow measuring device, and the coupling device includes for placing
The pedestal of fissure rock test specimen, the seepage flow measuring device are covered in the outside of pedestal and fissure rock test specimen, seepage flow measurement dress
It sets using symmetrical structure, two sides connect water tank, the water outlet and crack rock of the exhalant canal by exhalant canal respectively
The crack of stone test specimen is located at same level, and is equipped with flow sensor in water outlet, one end of the flow sensor with
The barrel of seepage flow measuring device connects, and the other end is connect with exhalant canal, is also connected with water flow on the exhalant canal
Measuring instrument.
The flow sensor connects Flow speed measurer by conducting wire, can measure fissure rock examination by Flow speed measurer
Flow velocity of the part in crack water outlet.
The water tank is equipped with piston, and water tank bottom is equipped with flowing water Valve, and piston is able to maintain in water tank
Air pressure is consistent with ambient pressure.
There are gap between the seepage flow measuring device and fissure rock test specimen, stress is avoided in test specimen loading procedure too
It is big to occur to be crushed, to generate destroying infection to device, washer is equipped in gap, the washer is rubber washer, thereon table
Face and the crack of fissure rock test specimen are located at same level, and on the one hand rubber washer is capable of fixing fissure rock test specimen, another
Aspect can prevent water to be stored in the gap between fissure rock test specimen and seepage flow measuring device.
The pedestal is in convex shape, and inside is equipped with intake tunnel, and the water inlet of the intake tunnel passes through pressure device
It is connect with inlet tank, water outlet is aligned with the centre bore of fissure rock test specimen.
Pressure-measuring device is installed, pressure device is also connected with into water on the side of pedestal on the pressure device
Flowmeter, flow of inlet water measuring instrument use electronical reading formula sensor, can accurately measure flow of inlet water.
The top of the fissure rock test specimen is equipped with upper pressure plare, the upper T-shaped structure of pressure plare, and convex portion, which is located at, to be seeped
In flow measuring apparatus, and contacted with the interior wall seamless of seepage flow measuring device.
Pressure servo machine is connected at the top of the upper pressure plare, pressure servo machine can be by upper pressure plare to crack test specimen
Pressurization, and the numerical values recited of pressure-loaded can be directly read.
The internal diameter of the seepage flow measuring device barrel is equal with the outer diameter of upper pressure plare and pedestal lobe part.
Based on a kind of method of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system described in claim 1~9, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) fissure rock test specimen is processed, and installs seepage liquefaction system；
(2) it opens pressure device and applies certain hydraulic pressure, guarantee that system and waterway seal are good, fill the water rock sample,
Full of crack and infiltrate the rock mass around crack；
(3) start pressure servo machine, be pressurized step by step since 0MPa, direct stress is applied to crack rock sample；
(4) step applies osmotic pressure, carries out the fracture seepage test under different hydraulic gradients, and in every grade of homeo-osmosis
Afterwards, acquisition data are handled；
(5) step (3) and (4) are repeated, carries out the axis pressure load direct stress and fluid permeability pressure value of next stage setting value；
(6) according to every grade of record direct stress value and corresponding flow value and flow speed value, draw out corresponding seepage discharge with
Stress curve hydraulic gradient and water velocity curve complete test.
The utility model has the advantages that the seepage flow measuring device that the present invention designs can not only measure the size of seepage discharge, but also it can measure and split
Gap rock mass boundary, i.e. flow velocity at crack test specimen outer diameter obtain the relationship and head pressure and water flow of seepage discharge and direct stress
The relationship of speed；And complete the seepage liquefaction when different direct stress and osmotic pressure intercouple of fissure rock
Experiment, experimentation is easy to operate, as a result reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is coupling mechanism structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is seepage flow measuring device structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is fissure rock test specimen structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention includes upper pressure plare 1, seepage flow measuring device 2, fissure rock test specimen 3, washer 4,
Pedestal 5, intake tunnel 6, flow of inlet water measuring instrument 7, pressure-measuring device 8, pressure device 9, inlet tank 10 and pressure servo machine 11.
Coupling device as shown in Figure 2 includes the pedestal 5 for placing fissure rock test specimen 3, and pedestal 5 is placed in testing stand
On, the cross section of pedestal 5 is in convex shape, and the outer diameter of convex portion is Φ 220mm, and internal central location intakes equipped with L-type
Channel 6.The water inlet of intake tunnel 6 is connect by pressure device 9 with inlet tank 10, is equipped with pressure measurement on pressure device 9
Instrument 8, pressure device 9 are also connected with flow of inlet water measuring instrument 7 on the side of pedestal 5, and flow of inlet water measuring instrument 7 uses electronics
Reading type sensor can accurately measure flow of inlet water, precision 0.01cm3；The centre bore of water outlet connection fissure rock test specimen 3
32, the width of intake tunnel 6 is equal with the width of centre bore 32, and is aligned with centre bore 32.
The top of pedestal 5 is placed with fissure rock test specimen 3, contains nature transverse direction crack 31 and people in fissure rock test specimen 3
The height of the centre bore 32 along the vertical direction that work is bored, centre bore 32 is higher than crack 31, as shown in Figure 4.Fissure rock test specimen 3
Outer diameter is Φ 200mm, and high 400mm, the diameter of centre bore 32 is 40~50mm of Φ, the intake tunnel 6 in centre bore 32 and pedestal 5
Alignment.
It is illustrated in figure 3 seepage flow measuring device 2 of the invention, including Flow speed measurer 21, conducting wire 22, flow sensor
23, water flow measuring instrument 24, piston 25, water tank 26, exhalant canal 27 and flowing water Valve 28.Seepage flow measuring device 2 uses
Symmetrical structure, and cover in the outside of pedestal 5 and fissure rock test specimen 3, internal diameter is Φ 220mm, rigid with the convex portion of pedestal 5
Good seamless assembly, is respectively kept with the gap of 10mm, then with the left and right sides of fissure rock test specimen 3 in order to avoid test specimen loading procedure
Middle stress is too big to be occurred to be crushed, and destroying infection is generated to device, so between fissure rock test specimen 3 and seepage flow measuring device 2
Have the cushion space of 10mm in vain.Rubber washer 4, the crack 31 of upper surface and fissure rock test specimen 3 are equipped in the cushion space
Positioned at same level, 4 one side of rubber washer is capable of fixing fissure rock test specimen 3, on the other hand water can be prevented to be stored in
In gap between fissure rock test specimen 3 and seepage flow measuring device 2.
The two sides of seepage flow measuring device 2 pass through exhalant canal 27 respectively and connect water tank 26, and exhalant canal 27 is L-shaped, L-type
The horizontal channel of exhalant canal 27 and the crack 31 of fissure rock test specimen 3 are located at same level, and are equipped with stream in water outlet
Fast sensor 23, one end of flow sensor 23 are closely connect with the barrel of seepage flow measuring device 2 by screw thread, the other end with go out
Aquaporin 27 is closely connected by screw thread.Flow sensor 23 connects Flow speed measurer 21 by conducting wire 22, is measured by flow velocity
Instrument 21 can measure fissure rock test specimen 3 in the flow velocity of 31 water outlet of crack.Water flow survey is also connected on exhalant canal 27
Instrument 24 is measured, consistent with the model of flow of inlet water measuring instrument 7, measurement accuracy is consistent.Water tank 26 is equipped with piston 25, to keep
Air pressure in water tank 26 is consistent with ambient pressure, and 26 bottom of water tank is equipped with flowing water Valve 28.
As shown in Figure 1, the top of fissure rock test specimen 3 is equipped with upper pressure plare 1, and it is in close contact with test specimen, upper pressure plare 1
T-shaped structure, the outer diameter of convex portion is Φ 220mm, and is located in seepage flow measuring device 2, in seepage flow measuring device 2
Wall seamless contact.The top of upper pressure plare 1 is connected with pressure servo machine 11, and pressure servo machine 11 can pass through upper 1 counterincision of pressure plare
Gap rock sample 3 pressurizes, and can directly read the numerical values recited of pressure-loaded, precision 1Pa, the other end of pressure servo machine 11
It is placed on testing stand.
A kind of method of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation: processing fissure rock test specimen as shown in Figure 4, and according to installing seepage stress coupling shown in Fig. 1
Collaboration system；
(2) test macro and crack test specimen is made to reach saturation state: opens pressure device and simultaneously apply certain hydraulic pressure, guarantees system
System and waterway seal are good, fill the water rock sample, full of crack and infiltrate the rock mass around crack；
(3) Mechanical loading: starting pressure servo machine is pressurized, step by step to crack rock using 0.5MPa as gradient since 0MPa
Stone test specimen applies direct stress；
(4) fluid permeability: step applies osmotic pressure, carries out the fracture seepage test under different hydraulic gradients, and at every grade
After homeo-osmosis, acquisition data are handled, and are read out measuring water flow instrument numerical value Q, are recorded waterpower by pressure-measuring device
Pressure value i records the flow speed value v of flow velocity meter, records direct stress σ by pressure servo machine；
(5) step (3) and (4) are repeated, carries out the axis pressure load direct stress σ and fluid permeability pressure value of next stage setting value
i；
(6) data acquire: according to every grade of record direct stress value and corresponding flow value and flow speed value, drawing out corresponding
Seepage discharge Q and direct stress σ curve, pressure-measuring device record head pressure value i and speed v curve, complete test.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system, including coupling device and seepage flow measuring device (2), the coupling
Device includes for placing the pedestal of fissure rock test specimen (3) (5), which is characterized in that the seepage flow measuring device (2) covers
The outside of pedestal (5) and fissure rock test specimen (3), seepage flow measuring device (2) use symmetrical structure, and two sides pass through water outlet respectively
Channel (27) connects water tank (26), the horizontal channel of the exhalant canal (27) and the crack (31) of fissure rock test specimen (3)
Flow sensor (23), one end of the flow sensor (23) and seepage flow are equipped with positioned at same level, and in water outlet
The barrel of measuring device (2) connects, and the other end is connect with exhalant canal (27), and the exhalant canal is also connected with out on (27)
Measuring water flow instrument (24).
2. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flow velocity
Sensor (23) passes through conducting wire (22) connection Flow speed measurer (21).
3. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water outlet
Case (26) is equipped with piston (25), and water tank (26) bottom is equipped with flowing water Valve (28).
4. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seepage flow
There are gap between measuring device (2) and fissure rock test specimen (3), washer (4) are equipped in gap, the washer (4) is rubber
The crack (31) of rubber gasket, upper surface and fissure rock test specimen (3) is located at same level.
5. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pedestal
It (5) is in convex shape, inside is equipped with intake tunnel (6), and the water inlet of the intake tunnel (6) passes through pressure device (9) and water inlet
Case (10) connection, water outlet are aligned with the centre bore (32) of fissure rock test specimen (3).
6. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described suppresses
It is equipped on device (9) pressure-measuring device (8), pressure device (9) is also connected with feed water flow measurement on the side of pedestal (5)
It measures instrument (7).
7. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crack rock
The top of stone test specimen (3) is equipped with upper pressure plare (1), the T-shaped structure of upper pressure plare (1), and convex portion is located at seepage flow measurement dress
It sets in (2).
8. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the upper pressure
Pressure servo machine (11) are connected at the top of plate (1).
9. a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seepage flow is surveyed
The internal diameter for measuring device (2) barrel is equal with the outer diameter of upper pressure plare (1) and pedestal (5) convex portion.
10. the method based on a kind of Single Fracture Seepage of Rock Masses stress coupling system described in claim 1~9, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) fissure rock test specimen is processed, and installs seepage liquefaction system；
(2) it opens pressure device and applies certain hydraulic pressure, guarantee that system and waterway seal are good, fill the water rock sample, be full of
Crack simultaneously infiltrates the rock mass around crack；
(3) start pressure servo machine, be pressurized step by step since 0MPa, direct stress is applied to crack rock sample；
(4) step applies osmotic pressure, carries out the fracture seepage test under different hydraulic gradients, and after every grade of homeo-osmosis,
Acquisition data are handled；
(5) step (3) and (4) are repeated, carries out the axis pressure load direct stress and fluid permeability pressure value of next stage setting value；
(6) according to every grade of record direct stress value and corresponding flow value and flow speed value, corresponding seepage discharge and stress are drawn out
Curve hydraulic gradient and water velocity curve complete test.
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| CN201811269597.4A CN109374498B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Single-crack rock mass seepage stress coupling system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811269597.4A CN109374498B (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Single-crack rock mass seepage stress coupling system and method |
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| CN109374498A true CN109374498A (en) | 2019-02-22 |
| CN109374498B CN109374498B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110296927A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-01 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of rock fracture permeability test device and method applying unidirectional confining pressure |
| CN110672488A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-10 | 太原理工大学 | Experimental device for influence of seepage pressure on rock-soil strength and ground stress on rock-soil permeability |
| WO2020048186A3 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-05-07 | 四川大学 | 3d printing-based complex fractal fracture multi-coupling seepage experiment system and method |
| CN112903559A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for testing deformation coupling rule of triple pores of coal rock in non-equilibrium state |
| CN114739882A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-12 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Experimental device for monitoring pore water pressure and transverse permeability based on single-axis testing machine |
| CN116046519A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-02 | 中南大学 | Rock triaxial pneumatic coupling single/double crack initiation and propagation test device and method |
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