CN109371144B - SNP molecular marker associated with pig growth traits - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pig molecular marker preparation, and particularly relates to an SNP molecular marker associated with pig growth traits. The pig growth traits comprise a corrected 100KG daily gain trait and a corrected 100KG day age trait. The molecular marker is cloned from a gene segment with a login number of WU _10.2_1_179575045, and the gene is subjected to typing screening by a gene chip technology to obtain a molecular marker related to the growth traits of pigs, wherein the sequence of the molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO:1, an A/G allelic mutation exists at the 51 st base of the sequence; resulting in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, and when the 51 st nucleotide of the fragment is A, it indicates that the pig has a faster growth rate. Also discloses a method for screening molecular markers related to the growth traits of pigs and application of correlation analysis of the molecular markers. Provides a new marker resource for the auxiliary selection of the growth traits of the pigs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pig molecular marker preparation, in particular to a molecular marker of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) associated with pig growth traits (such as 100KG average daily gain trait correction and 100KG day age trait correction) and application thereof. The molecular marker provided by the invention can be used for auxiliary selection and prediction of pig growth traits.
Background
Pigs are among the earliest domesticated animals of humans, as the major breed of human meat consumption, and pork production is also the head of each livestock (Larson G, Liu R, Zhao X, et al, patterns of East Asian pig society, migration, and turn over derived by model and animal DNA [ J ] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(17): 7686-. The population of China is large, the demand for pork is great, the genetic improvement of pigs is carried out, and the improvement of the breeding efficiency of live pigs is an important task of breeding work at present. With the development of science and technology, the breeding of live pigs makes significant breakthrough in the aspects of genetic breeding, nutrition regulation, disease prevention and control and the like, and the growth speed, the lean meat percentage and the feed meat of commercial pigs are greatly improved.
In pig production, growth traits are very important economic traits, directly influence the economic benefit of pig breeding, and are also the traits of most concern to breeding workers. Wherein, the growth traits are mainly divided into 4 measurement standards: namely, growth rate, feed conversion efficiency, feed intake and back fat thickness of living bodies (plump and Liu Xiaofei, pig production [ M ]. China light industry Press, 2011). The growth rate is usually expressed as the average daily gain, i.e. the average daily gain of growing-finishing pigs over a certain period of time, and is generally calculated as the weight gain in a certain period of time divided by the number of days of feeding. The day-to-day age of 100KG body weight is also a key indicator of growth rate, i.e. the day-to-day age after birth at which the body weight of 100KG is reached. Currently, indicators commonly used to determine growth traits include average daily gain, 100KG day age, feed conversion efficiency, and remaining feed intake.
The growth traits related to the invention refer to phenotypes of average daily gain and age after being corrected to 100 KG: the two characters are obtained by calculation according to the following formulas and are two most commonly used indexes for measuring the growth speed in domestic pig breeding at present. As follows:
the pig growth traits are complex traits controlled by multiple genes, the main effective genes of the pig are difficult to accurately identify by adopting a conventional genetic means, and the whole genome association analysis based on high-density SNP chips or sequencing provides an effective technical means for the positioning of candidate genes of complex diseases or quantitative traits (Yi Jian Liang, Zhaojiao, Chensai, pig whole genome association analysis research progress and prospect [ J ] China pig industry, 2017(10): 32-36.). The concept of genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was first proposed by Risch in 1996, who found that association analysis was more effective and statistically more potent than linkage analysis in genetic studies of complex traits, and thus proposed (Risch N, Merikangas K. the future of genetic students of complex human diseases [ J ]. Science,1996,273(3): 350-. Genome-wide association analysis refers to the search of genetic variations that are significantly associated with a trait of interest across a genome-wide range. The principle of the whole-gene association analysis is linkage disequilibrium, namely, one SNP always exists in the whole genome and linkage disequilibrium exists in causative mutation causing the traits, and the genome position influencing the traits can be narrowed down or identified by detecting the SNP. Since the first genome-wide association analysis for Macular Degeneration of retina published in 2005, the GWAS method has become one of the important methods for the study of complex diseases and quantitative traits (Klein R J, Zeiss C, Chew E Y, et al.Complex Factor H polymorphism in Age-Related molecular differentiation [ J ] Science,2005,308(5720):385 389.).
The models commonly used in the analysis include General Linear Model (GLM), Mixed Linear Model (MLM), logistic regression model (LR) and Bayesian model (Bayesian) (Schmid M, Bennewitz J, Schmid M, et al. Invited review: Genome-side association analysis for quantitative transactions in visual modules and experimental designs [ J ].2017,60(3): 335-) 346). In recent years, genome-wide association analysis of pig growth traits has been increasing, but the sample content of most studies is relatively small and the studies are carried out in a single breed, and in this case, the obtained research results are easily questioned and it is difficult to obtain a candidate gene for controlling growth traits in a broad spectrum. The invention uses pure pig groups mixed by four pig breeds (long white pigs, big white pigs, Duroc pigs and Pietrain pigs) to carry out whole Genome correlation analysis, uses a middle farm CPU model of MVP software to carry out analysis (Liu X, Huang M, Fan B, et al. effective use of Fixed and Random efficiency Models for Power solid and efficiency Genome-Wide Association students [ J ]. Plos Genetics,2016,12(2): e1005767.), screens out SNP molecular markers related to growth traits (such as the property of correcting 100KG daily gain and the property of correcting 100 days age), provides a feasible way for genetic improvement of the growth traits of the pigs, and has important significance for the pig breeding industry.
In the qualification of the application, the correlation between the SNP and the pig growth traits (the traits of correcting 100KG daily gain and the traits of correcting 100KG day age) reaches a remarkable level, and a new genetic resource is provided for the research of the growth traits of domestic pigs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to perfect breeding molecular markers related to growth of domestic pigs, utilize a 50K gene chip to type SNP, and use whole genome association analysis to screen SNP related to growth traits of pigs (such as 100KG daily gain trait correction and 100KG day age trait correction), thereby providing a new molecular marker resource for genetic breeding of pigs.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the nucleotide sequence of 50bp upstream and downstream of the WU _10.2_1_179575045 gene (shown in the table SEQ ID NO: 1) is obtained by the applicant through a genotyping technology and referring to Ensembl. The specific sequence is as follows:
GTATTTTCTTAACATATGCCCTTGAAAGAAATTATAACCGGATTTGTATTR(A/G)TAATT AACCTGCCAGAAATAGACTGAGGAGAGGTCTAGGAAAGGATTCCC，
the R at the 51 st base of the above sequence is an allelic mutation of A51-G51, which results in the nucleotide polymorphism of the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The SNP can be used as a molecular marker for detecting growth traits of pigs, and when the 51 st nucleotide on SEQ ID NO. 1 is A, the pig has a faster growth speed.
The sequence can be used as a molecular marker for detecting growth traits of pigs.
The applicant provides a method for screening SNP molecular markers related to pig growth traits, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, extracting genome DNA of pig ears or pig tails, and carrying out quality detection on the DNA;
secondly, parting by using gene chip technology;
thirdly, adopting a method based on a multi-mark correlation model, adopting the gender and the field of an individual as a fixed effect, and utilizing a farmCPU model in an MVP software package under an R statistical environment to carry out GWAS analysis. The specific model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the "phenotype value vector" of the ith individual (the vector of phenotypees);
The molecular marker screened by the invention can be used for the correlation analysis between the genotype of the gene related to the growth traits of the pigs or the characters of correcting the daily gain of 100KG and the characters of correcting the daily age of 100KG in the growth traits of the pigs, and also provides a new molecular genetic resource for the molecular marker-assisted selection of the growth traits of the pigs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can detect the pig genotype by adopting the gene chip technology in vitro, and is used for evaluating the growth speed of the pig for non-diagnosis purpose.
For a more detailed technical solution, refer to the embodiments in the description of the drawings and the detailed description of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the general technical process schematic diagram of the invention.
FIG. 2: is the nucleotide sequence of 50bp upstream and downstream of the cloned WU _10.2_1_179575045 of the invention and the nucleotide sequence of the molecular marker of the invention. Description of reference numerals: in FIG. 2, it is shown that an A/G allele mutation is present at the 51 st base of the nucleotide sequence (the English letter "R" at 51bp is a mutation site).
FIG. 3: is a manhattan diagram of the present invention. Description of reference numerals: the invention relates to a pig corrected daily gain character of 100kg, and the black circle and arrow point mark are molecular markers screened by the invention, and the markers are positioned on a pig No. 1 chromosome.
FIG. 4: is a manhattan diagram of the present invention. Description of reference numerals: relates to a molecular marker screened by the invention, which is used for correcting the day age character of 100kg for pigs, and is marked by a black circle and an arrow, wherein the marker is positioned on the No. 1 chromosome of the pigs
Detailed Description
Description of the related sequence listing:
SEQ ID NO 1 of the sequence table is a 50bp nucleotide sequence of the upstream and downstream of the cloned WU _10.2_1_179575045 gene fragment of the invention. The fragment is a molecular marker screened by the invention, the length of the nucleotide sequence is 101bp, and an A/G allelic mutation exists in R at a 51-bit base position of the sequence.
Example 1: genotyping assay
(1) Extracting pig ear tissue or pig tail tissue total DNA of population related to growth character by kit method (centrifugal column type)
1) Cutting the pig ear tissue or pig tail tissue of the group related to growth traits into paste with ophthalmic scissors, adding 200ul GA (TIANGEN, DP304-03), and shaking for mixing; then put into a 56 ℃ water bath kettle to be digested overnight.
2) The digested tissue sample was added to 200ul of buffer GB (TIANGEN, DP304-03), mixed well by inversion and left at 70 ℃ for 10 minutes, the solution was clear and centrifuged briefly to remove water droplets from the tube wall.
3) 200ul of absolute ethanol was added, mixed well for 15 seconds with sufficient shaking, at which time a flocculent precipitate may appear, and centrifuged briefly to remove water droplets on the tube wall.
4) Adding the solution and flocculent precipitate into adsorption column CB3(TIANGEN, DP304-03), placing the adsorption column into a collecting tube, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 30s, pouring off waste liquid, and placing the adsorption column back into the collecting tube.
5) 500ul of GD (TIANGEN, DP304-03) buffer was added to the adsorption column CB3, centrifuged at 12000rpm for 30s, the waste liquid was decanted, and the adsorption column was placed in a collection tube.
6) 600ul of the rinsing solution PW (TIANGEN, DP304-03) was added to the adsorption column CB3, centrifuged at 12000rpm for 30s, the waste liquid was decanted, and the adsorption column was placed in a collection tube and the procedure was repeated.
7) The adsorption column CB3 was returned to the collection tube and centrifuged at 12000rpm for 2 minutes until waste liquid was removed. The adsorption column CB3 was left at room temperature for several minutes to completely dry the rinse remaining in the adsorption column material.
8) Transferring the adsorption column CB3 into a clean centrifuge tube, suspending and dripping 50-200ul of eluent TE (TIANGEN, DP304-03) into the middle part of the adsorption column membrane, standing for 2-5 minutes at room temperature, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 2 minutes, and collecting the solution into the centrifuge tube.
(2) SNP genotype determination and quality control
And (3) typing is carried out by using a 50K gene chip, and quality inspection is carried out on genotype data, so that 4828 individuals and 47157 SNPs can be used for whole genome association analysis research.
Example 2: application of WU _10.2_1_179575045 molecular marker typing method in pig growth trait association analysis (1) association analysis of WU _10.2_1_179575045 molecular marker typing result and growth trait (correcting 100KG daily gain trait and correcting 100KG daily age trait)
The experimental herd used for genotype and growth trait association analysis was from two separate pure breeds including white, long white, duroc and pitts (conventional breeds). The total DNA used for genotyping was extracted from ear or tail samples of pure white, Changbai, Duroc, and Petland (the text and tables of the specification refer to "pure white, Changbai, Duroc, Petland" pig "for short). And (3) carrying out GWAS analysis by using a method based on a multi-label correlation model, using the gender and the field of an individual as a fixed effect and using a FarmCPU model in an MVP software package in an R statistical environment. The specific model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the "phenotype value vector" of the ith individual (the vector of phenotypees);
is a fixed effect, including the genotypes of the t pseudo QTNs and the major components that control the genetic background of the population;
is a corresponding effect;
is the jth label of the ith individual;
is the effect corresponding to the jth mark;
representing "residual vectors" (a vector of residual errors), obeying a normal distribution,
representing the residual variance.
The correlation analysis results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 influence of polymorphisms and different genotypes of WU _10.2_1_179575045 on pig growth traits (correction of daily gain of 100 KG)
Table 1 illustrates: p <0.05 is significantly different; p <0.01 is very significantly different.
TABLE 2 influence of polymorphisms of WU _10.2_1_179575045 and different genotypes on pig growth traits (corrected for 100KG day age)
Table 2 illustrates: p <0.05 is significantly different; p <0.01 is very significantly different.
As can be seen from Table 1, for correcting the 100kg daily gain trait, the daily gain of the individual with the genotype AA is significantly higher than that of the GA individual, which indicates that the growth rate of the individual with the genotype AA is significantly higher than that of the GA individual. As can be seen from Table 2, for the corrected 100kg day-old trait, the corrected 100kg day-old of the genotype AA individual was significantly lower than that of the GA individual, indicating that the growth rate of the genotype AA individual was significantly higher than that of the GA individual. In summary, the growth rate of the individuals with the genotype AA is remarkably higher than that of the individuals with the genotype GA, so that the A is an allele which is beneficial to the growth rate increase.
The main references:
[1]Larson G,Liu R,Zhao X,et al.Patterns of East Asian pig domestication,migration,and turnover revealed by modern and ancient DNA[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(17):7686-7691.
[2]Risch N,Merikangas K.The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases.[J].Science,1996,273(3):350-354.
[3]Klein R J,Zeiss C,Chew E Y,et al.Complement Factor H Polymorphismin Age-Related Macular Degeneration[J].Science,2005,308(5720):385-389.
[4]Liu X,Huang M,Fan B,et al.Iterative Usage of Fixed and Random Effect Models for Powerful and Efficient Genome-Wide Association Studies[J].Plos Genetics,2016,12(2):e1005767.
[5]Schmid M,Bennewitz J,Schmid M,et al.Invited review:Genome-wide association analysis for quantitative traits in livestock–a selective review of statistical models and experimental designs[J].2017,60(3):335-346.
[6] rich and fair, pig production [ M ]. published by China light industry, 2011;
[7] yi Jian Liang et al, pig genome-wide association analysis research progress and prospect [ J ] the pig industry of China, 2017(10):32-36.
Sequence listing
<110> university of agriculture in Huazhong
<120> SNP molecular marker associated with pig growth traits
<141> 2018-12-14
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 101
<212> DNA
<213> pig (sus scrofa)
<220>
<221> gene
<222> (1)..(101)
<220>
<221> mutation
<222> (51)..(51)
<400> 1
gtattttctt aacatatgcc cttgaaagaa attataaccg gatttgtatt gtaattaacc 60
tgccagaaat agactgagga gaggtctagg aaaggattcc c 101
Claims (1)
1. The application of a molecular marker in the marker-assisted selection of the growth traits of pigs, wherein the growth traits are 100KG daily gain correction traits and 100KG day-old daily gain correction traits, and the nucleotide sequence of the molecular marker is as follows:
GTATTTTCTTAACATATGCCCTTGAAAGAAATTATAACCGGATTTGTATTRTAATTAACCTGCCAGAAATAGACTGAGGAGAGGTCTAGGAAAGGATTCCC，
an allelic mutation wherein R at the base 51 in the above-mentioned sequence is A or G.
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| CN109811063B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-02-09 | 中国农业大学 | SNP molecular marker related to pig growth speed and application thereof |
| CN111041107B (en) * | 2020-01-01 | 2021-03-16 | 华中农业大学 | SNP molecular marker related to pig fetal distance character |
| CN110951894B (en) * | 2020-01-01 | 2021-03-16 | 华中农业大学 | SNP molecular marker related to pig initial-mating day-age character |
| CN112695104B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-04-26 | 华中农业大学 | SNP molecular marker for deep character of eye muscle of white pig and application |
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| CN103667279A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 华中农业大学 | Molecular marker of gene Resistin related to average daily gain of pigs and application of molecular marker |
| CN103898107A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-07-02 | 江西农业大学 | Major SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) marker influencing growth traits of pigs and application thereof in genetic improvement of productivity of breeding pigs |
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| CN103667279A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-26 | 华中农业大学 | Molecular marker of gene Resistin related to average daily gain of pigs and application of molecular marker |
| CN103898107A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-07-02 | 江西农业大学 | Major SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) marker influencing growth traits of pigs and application thereof in genetic improvement of productivity of breeding pigs |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Candidate Genes for Growth Relevant Traits in Pigs;Zhenshuang Tang等;《Front Genet》;20190405;第10卷(第302期);第1-10页 * |
| Genome-wide association study reveals genetic loci and candidate genes for average daily gain in Duroc pigs;Jianping Quan等;《Asian-Australas J Anim Sci》;20171020;第31卷(第4期);第480-489页 * |
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