CN109365741B - Preparation method of molding sand for casting hook body - Google Patents
Preparation method of molding sand for casting hook body Download PDFInfo
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- CN109365741B CN109365741B CN201811563065.1A CN201811563065A CN109365741B CN 109365741 B CN109365741 B CN 109365741B CN 201811563065 A CN201811563065 A CN 201811563065A CN 109365741 B CN109365741 B CN 109365741B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/181—Cements, oxides or clays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/10—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for influencing the hardening tendency of the mould material
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of molding sand for casting a hook body, and belongs to the technical field of railway casting of hook bodies. The method comprises the following steps: (I) and (3) proportioning the molding quartz sand: 100 percent (mass) of quartz sand, inorganic binder and reinforcing agent; the following steps: the addition amount of the inorganic binder is 2.8 percent of the mass of the quartz sand, and the addition amount of the reinforcing agent is 20 percent of the mass of the inorganic binder; (II) mixing quartz sand; (III) pricking an air hole; (IV) a blow hardening process; and (V) stripping. The invention discloses a casting hook body for a U.S. railway hook retarder, which is manufactured by an inorganic adhesive, a reinforcing agent and a carbon dioxide accelerating process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway casting hook bodies, in particular to a preparation method of molding sand for casting hook bodies.
Background
At present, the number of casting hooks for the American railway hook buffer device is relatively large in domestic purchase, molding sand is a necessary material for producing the hooks, and domestic manufacturers generally adopt a traditional process and molding sand materials to prepare molds for casting the hooks at present.
Moulding sand material adopted by traditional process
In addition, in the conventional process, the method for preparing the molding sand material for preparing the casting hook body comprises the following steps: quartz sand and clay (dry-mixed for 2-3 minutes), and then adding 7-8% of water glass for mixing for 5-7 minutes, however, the molding sand material and the preparation process have the following problems: (1) after casting, the quartz sand can not be recovered, the waste is serious, and the cost is very high. (2) If the sodium silicate sand after casting enters underground along with media such as rainwater, river water and the like, serious pollution is caused to underground water. (3) The production period of the mold is long, the production requirement of the hook body for casting cannot be fully met, and the requirement of mass production and short production period for suppliers is urgently needed, so that a new molding sand formula for the hook body for casting and a preparation process thereof are needed to be researched and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a method for preparing molding sand for molding hooks. The molding sand for casting the hook body for the U.S. railway hook buffer device is prepared by using an inorganic adhesive, a reinforcing agent and a carbon dioxide accelerating process.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the preparation method of the molding sand for casting the hook body.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
firstly, the invention discloses a preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks, which comprises the following steps:
(I) and (3) sand mold proportioning: 100 percent (mass) of quartz sand, inorganic binder and reinforcing agent; the adding amount of the inorganic binder is 2.8-3.4% of the mass of the quartz sand, and the adding amount of the reinforcing agent is 18-24% of the mass of the inorganic binder; the inorganic binder is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1-3: 0.8-1.5 of cement and clay, wherein the cement is a hardening accelerator, and the clay has the main functions of better absorbing carbon dioxide blown into the sand mold, ensuring full contact and reaction between the carbon dioxide and the inorganic binder and the reinforcing agent, and promoting the hardening efficiency of the sand mold and the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide, and because the clay has the characteristics of compactness and rich micropores, the clay can absorb and store a large amount of carbon dioxide.
(II) mixing quartz sand: the method comprises the following specific steps:
① adding quartz sand and water, stirring;
② adding reinforcing agent, covering with plastic cloth and quartz sand;
③ adding inorganic binder, mixing quartz sand, and taking out quartz sand;
④ the mixed quartz sand was covered with a plastic cloth.
(III) puncturing the air hole: 1) the upper surface of the plastic cloth is pricked with five air holes, wherein the depth of the middle air hole is one, the four sides of the middle air hole are one, and the depth of the five air holes is as close to that of a mould as possible, particularly the part of the mould, which is provided with an exhaust plug, and the middle air hole is smeared by wet quartz sand; 2) then, four air holes are obliquely tied on the edges of the plastic cloth; the four air holes on the edge are inserted into the air blowing pipes, and the front ends of the air blowing pipes are prevented from entering the quartz sand during pipe insertion; 3) and compacting at the position of the insertion pipe.
(IV) air-blowing hardening process:
(1) air blowing controller with valve side connected with CO2A gas source;
(2) the water in the wind bag needs to be drained before the compressed air is used;
(3) opening five gas outlet valves of the blowing controller, wherein four gas outlet valves correspond to the blowing pipes inserted into the quartz sand in the step (III), and the rest gas outlet valves are used for judging the gas flow by a blowing operator in the blowing process;
(4) open blowing CO2Opening a side ball valve on the pipeline, and blowing CO into the quartz sand by opening a gate valve2;
(5) Turning off CO2The side ball valve is opened at the same time, the compressed air side ball valve is opened to one third of the stroke, and compressed air is blown;
(6) closing compressed air ball valve, closing CO2Side gate valve.
(V) stripping: and (5) pulling out the air pipe to obtain the molding sand for casting the hook body.
In the step (I), the reinforcing agent is a silane coupling agent, and an organic functional group in the silane coupling agent can generate an interface reaction with quartz sand, cement in an inorganic binder and clay to form an inorganic matrix-silane coupling agent-inorganic matrix structure, so that the quartz sand, the cement and the clay form a mutually connected and entangled net structure, thereby playing roles of improving the strength, the hardening efficiency and the like of the molding sand.
In step ①, the amount of water added is 5-8% of the mass of the quartz sand.
In step ②, the mixing time of the quartz sand is 30-40 s.
In step ③, the time for mixing the quartz sand is 90-100 s.
In step (1), the CO2The pressure of (A) is set to 0.30-0.35 MPa.
In the step (4), the blowing of CO2The method comprises the following steps: firstly, the thickness is 5-10m3Blowing for 8-10s and then for 12-15m3Blowing for 40-45 s.
In the step (5), the time for blowing the compressed air is 25-28s, and the air pressure is 0.30-0.35 MPa.
In the step 5, the method also comprises the step of cleaning the hardened quartz sand in the gas outlet pipe, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the smooth surface of the die is sprinkled with dry quartz sand, a core box (core box: a die for manufacturing sand core) is turned over on the smooth surface, a core box clamp is opened, and two operators knock the proper part of the core box to lift the die at the same time.
Finally, the invention discloses application of the preparation method of the molding sand for casting the hook body in preparation of a railway hook buffer device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the preparation method of the invention has high speed and accelerates the process circulation; the prepared product has obviously reduced pore defects and greatly improved quality.
(2) The raw materials for preparing the casting hook body can be hardened under the action of carbon dioxide, and water glass is not needed, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the environmental pollution is avoided. Meanwhile, the quartz sand can be recycled, so that the production cost is greatly reduced; tests prove that compared with the original process, the total cost of preparing the molding sand for casting the hook body is reduced to 3000 yuan per ton of product cost by the original process, the production efficiency is improved from 30-40 hooks manufactured every day to 60-70 hooks manufactured every day after the change, the repair rejection rate due to air hole defects is reduced to 5-10% from 15-20%, and the efficiency is obviously increased.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As introduced by the background art, currently, the number of casting hooks for the U.S. railway hook buffer device is purchased in China in a large number, and domestic manufacturers adopt traditional processes and materials, so that the production period is long, the cost is high, the traditional materials have serious environmental pollution, do not meet the requirements of the national current green casting theme, and cannot fully meet the production requirements of the casting hooks; in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing molding sand for molding hooks, and the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) sand mold proportioning: 100 percent (mass) of quartz sand, inorganic binder and reinforcing agent; the following steps: the addition amount of the inorganic binder is 3.0% of the mass of the quartz sand, and the inorganic binder is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1.8: 1.5 cement and clay; the reinforcing agent is vinyl triethoxysilane, and the addition amount of the reinforcing agent is 20% of the mass of the inorganic binder.
2. Mixing quartz sand: the method comprises the following specific steps:
① adding quartz sand, adding water 8% of the quartz sand by mass, starting a scraper motor, stirring for 25 circles, and stopping the machine;
② manually burying the reinforcing agent in quartz sand, covering with plastic cloth, stirring for 32s, and stopping;
③ adding inorganic binder, mixing the quartz sand for 90s to obtain quartz sand;
④ the mixed quartz sand was covered with a plastic cloth.
3. Puncturing an air hole: 1) the upper surface of the plastic cloth is pricked with five air holes, wherein the depth of the middle air hole is one, the four sides of the middle air hole are one, and the depth of the five air holes is as close to that of a mould as possible, particularly the part of the mould, which is provided with an exhaust plug, and the middle air hole is smeared by wet quartz sand; 2) then, four air holes are obliquely tied on the edges of the plastic cloth; the four air holes on the edge are inserted into the air blowing pipes, and the front ends of the air blowing pipes are prevented from entering the quartz sand during pipe insertion; 3) the cannula is manually compacted to reduce the escape of air from the cannula during insufflation.
4. And (3) air blowing hardening process:
(1) air blowing controller with valve side connected with CO2Source of gas, said CO2The pressure of (2) was set to 0.30 MPa.
(2) The water in the wind bag needs to be drained before the compressed air is used;
(3) opening five air outlet valves of the air blowing controller, wherein four air outlet valves correspond to the air blowing pipes inserted into the quartz sand in the step 3, and the rest air blowing pipes are used for judging the air flow by an air blowing operator in the air blowing process;
(4) open blowing CO2CO on the tube2Side ball valve (for switching CO)2Blowing), opening the gate valve, firstly, by 5m3Blowing for 10s at a speed of 13m3Blowing for 45 s/h;
(5) turning off CO2A side ball valve is opened, and meanwhile, a compressed air side ball valve is opened to one third of the stroke, compressed air is blown for 26s, and the air pressure is 0.30 MPa;
(6) closing compressed air ball valve, closing CO2Side gate valve.
5. Stripping: and (5) pulling out the air pipe to obtain the molding sand for casting the hook body.
Example 2
A preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks comprises the following steps:
1. the sand mold comprises 100 mass percent of quartz sand, an inorganic binder and a reinforcing agent, wherein the addition amount of the inorganic binder is 2.8 mass percent of the quartz sand, the inorganic binder consists of cement and clay in a mass ratio of 1.0: 1.2, and the reinforcing agent is vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane and the addition amount of the reinforcing agent is 24 mass percent of the inorganic binder.
2. Mixing quartz sand: the method comprises the following specific steps:
① adding quartz sand, adding water 5% of the quartz sand by mass, starting a scraper motor, stirring for 30 circles, and stopping the machine;
② manually burying the reinforcing agent in quartz sand, covering with plastic cloth, stirring for 30s, and stopping;
③ adding inorganic binder, mixing quartz sand for 96s to obtain quartz sand;
④ the mixed quartz sand was covered with a plastic cloth.
3. Puncturing an air hole: 1) the upper surface of the plastic cloth is pricked with five air holes, wherein the depth of the middle air hole is one, the four sides of the middle air hole are one, and the depth of the five air holes is as close to that of a mould as possible, particularly the part of the mould, which is provided with an exhaust plug, and the middle air hole is smeared by wet quartz sand; 2) then, four air holes are obliquely tied on the edges of the plastic cloth; the four air holes on the edge are inserted into the air blowing pipes, and the front ends of the air blowing pipes are prevented from entering the quartz sand during pipe insertion; 3) the cannula is manually compacted to reduce the escape of air from the cannula during insufflation.
4. And (3) air blowing hardening process:
(1) air blowing controller with valve side connected with CO2Source of gas, said CO2The pressure of (2) was set to 0.32 MPa.
(2) The water in the wind bag needs to be drained before the compressed air is used;
(3) opening five air outlet valves of the air blowing controller, wherein four air outlet valves correspond to the air blowing pipes inserted into the quartz sand in the step 3, and the rest air blowing pipes are used for judging the air flow by an air blowing operator in the air blowing process;
(4) opening of CO2Side ball valve, opening gate valve, first 8m3Blow for 9s at a rate of 12m3Blowing for 40 s;
(5) turning off CO2A side ball valve is opened, and meanwhile, a compressed air side ball valve is opened to one third of the stroke, compressed air is blown for 25s, and the air pressure is 0.32 MPa;
(6) closing compressed air ball valve, closing CO2Side gate valve.
Example 3
A preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks comprises the following steps:
1. the sand mold comprises 100 mass percent of quartz sand, an inorganic binder and a reinforcing agent, wherein the addition amount of the inorganic binder is 3.4 mass percent of the quartz sand, the inorganic binder consists of cement and clay in a mass ratio of 3.0: 0.8, and the reinforcing agent is vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane, and the addition amount of the reinforcing agent is 18 mass percent of the inorganic binder.
2. Mixing quartz sand: the method comprises the following specific steps:
① adding quartz sand, adding water 6% of the quartz sand by mass, starting a scraper motor, stirring for 20 circles, and stopping the machine;
② manually burying the reinforcing agent in quartz sand, covering with plastic cloth, stirring for 40s, and stopping;
③ adding inorganic binder, mixing quartz sand for 100s to obtain quartz sand;
④ the mixed quartz sand was covered with a plastic cloth.
3. Puncturing an air hole: 1) the upper surface of the plastic cloth is pricked with five air holes, wherein the depth of the middle air hole is one, the four sides of the middle air hole are one, and the depth of the five air holes is as close to that of a mould as possible, particularly the part of the mould, which is provided with an exhaust plug, and the middle air hole is smeared by wet quartz sand; 2) then, four air holes are obliquely tied on the edges of the plastic cloth; the four air holes on the edge are inserted into the air blowing pipes, and the front ends of the air blowing pipes are prevented from entering the quartz sand during pipe insertion; 3) the cannula is manually compacted to reduce the escape of air from the cannula during insufflation.
4. And (3) air blowing hardening process:
(1) air blowing controller with valve side connected with CO2Source of gas, said CO2The pressure of (2) was set to 0.35 MPa.
(2) The water in the wind bag needs to be drained before the compressed air is used;
(3) opening five air outlet valves of the air blowing controller, wherein four air outlet valves correspond to the air blowing pipes inserted into the quartz sand in the step 3, and the rest air blowing pipes are used for judging the air flow by an air blowing operator in the air blowing process;
(4) opening of CO2Side ball valve, open gate valve, 10m first3Blowing for 8s at a speed of 15m3Blowing for 43 s;
(5) turning off CO2A side ball valve is opened, and meanwhile, a compressed air side ball valve is opened to one third of the stroke, compressed air is blown for 28s, and the air pressure is 0.35 MPa;
(6) closing compressed air ball valve, closing CO2Side gate valve.
5. Stripping: and (5) pulling out the air pipe to obtain the molding sand for casting the hook body. In addition, the hardened quartz sand in the gas pipe is cleaned and fallen, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and (3) spreading dry quartz sand on the smooth surface, turning the core box over the smooth surface, opening the core box clamp, and knocking the proper part of the core box by two operators simultaneously to perform die stripping to obtain the finished product.
The test results of the embodiment show that compared with the prior art (the traditional art in the background technology part), the method of the invention reduces the total preparation cost of the molding sand for casting the hook body to 3000 Yuan per ton of the product cost of the original process, improves the production efficiency of the hook body to 60-70 pieces from 30-40 pieces manufactured per day originally, reduces the repair rejection rate from 15-20% to 5-10% due to air hole defects, and obviously improves the efficiency of enterprises.
Compared with the original molding sand raw material and preparation process, the invention adopts the interaction between carbon dioxide, inorganic binder and reinforcing agent to realize the hardening of the molding sand, in the molding sand proportion of the invention, a small amount of cement is added as hardening accelerator, a small amount of clay is added, the porous characteristic of the clay is utilized to absorb and store the carbon dioxide blown into the molding sand, the full hardening time of the molding sand is ensured, the hardening efficiency of the molding sand can be improved, the loss of the carbon dioxide can be reduced, and the preparation cost of the molding sand is controlled; meanwhile, the silane coupling agent is added, and in the hardening process after stirring, the silane coupling agent, the quartz sand, the cement and the clay generate interface reaction to form a mutually connected and tangled network structure, so that the effects of improving the strength, the quality and the quality of the molding sand are achieved, the pore defects are reduced, and the high yield is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of molding sand for casting hooks is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(I) and (3) sand mold proportioning: 100 percent of quartz sand, inorganic binder and reinforcing agent; the adding amount of the inorganic binder is 2.8-3.4% of the mass of the quartz sand, and the adding amount of the reinforcing agent is 18-24% of the mass of the inorganic binder; the inorganic binder is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1-3: 0.8-1.5 of cement and clay;
(II) mixing quartz sand: the method comprises the following specific steps:
① adding quartz sand and water, stirring;
② adding reinforcing agent, covering with plastic cloth and quartz sand;
③ adding inorganic binder, mixing quartz sand, and taking out quartz sand;
④ covering the mixed quartz sand with plastic cloth;
(III) puncturing the air hole: 1) pricking five air holes on the upper surface of the plastic cloth, wherein the middle air hole is one, the four sides of the plastic cloth are respectively one, and the middle air hole is smeared by wet quartz sand; 2) then, four air holes are obliquely tied on the edges of the plastic cloth; the four air holes on the edge are inserted into the air blowing pipes, and the front ends of the air blowing pipes are prevented from entering the quartz sand during pipe insertion; 3) compacting at the position of the insertion pipe;
(IV) air-blowing hardening process:
(1) air blowing controller with valve side connected with CO2A gas source;
(2) the water in the wind bag needs to be drained before the compressed air is used;
(3) opening five gas outlet valves of the blowing controller, wherein four gas outlet valves correspond to the blowing pipes inserted into the quartz sand in the step (III), and the rest gas outlet valves are used for judging the gas flow by a blowing operator in the blowing process;
(4) open blowing CO2Opening a side ball valve on the pipeline, and blowing CO into the quartz sand by opening a gate valve2;
(5) Turning off CO2The side ball valve is opened at the same time, the compressed air side ball valve is opened to one third of the stroke, and compressed air is blown;
(6) closing compressed air ball valve, closing CO2A side gate valve;
(V) stripping: the air pipe is pulled out to obtain molding sand for casting the hook body;
the reinforcing agent is a silane coupling agent which comprises vinyl triethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane and vinyl tris (β -methoxyethoxy) silane.
2. The method for preparing molding sand for casting hooks according to claim 1, wherein water is added in an amount of 5 to 8% by mass of the silica sand in step ①.
3. The method for preparing molding sand for molding hooks according to claim 1, wherein the mixing of the silica sand in step ② is performed for 30-40 seconds.
4. The method for preparing molding sand for molding hooks according to claim 1, wherein the mixing of the silica sand in step ③ is carried out for 90-100 s.
5. The method for producing molding sand for molding hooks according to claim 1, comprising: in step (1), the CO2The pressure of (A) is set to 0.30-0.35 MPa.
6. The method for producing molding sand for molding hooks according to claim 1, comprising: in the step (4), the blowing of CO2The method comprises the following steps: firstly, the thickness is 5-10m3Blowing for 8-10s and then for 12-15m3Blowing for 40-45 s.
7. The method for producing molding sand for molding hooks according to claim 1, comprising: in the step (5), the time for blowing the compressed air is 25-28s, and the air pressure is 0.30-0.35 MPa.
8. Use of the molding sand for casting hooks according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of railway track buffers.
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JPH074646B2 (en) * | 1989-02-20 | 1995-01-25 | リョービ株式会社 | Sand core for high pressure casting and method for producing the same |
CN1022094C (en) * | 1990-09-30 | 1993-09-15 | 国营青岛电站阀门厂 | Moulding sand for casting |
JP2005306686A (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-11-04 | Tostem Corp | Cement admixture, fiber reinforced cement material, fiber reinforced cement member, and method for manufacturing fiber reinforced cement member |
CN100352576C (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-12-05 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Molding sand and preparation method |
CN101439389A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-27 | 上海重型机器冶铸厂 | Method for molding cast steel, method for recycling and regenerating fresh sand and mould sand, and reclaimed sand |
CN101934342B (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-06-13 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | Molding sand for casting pressure plates |
CN102728782B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-15 | 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 | Molding sand using clay as binder and producing method thereof |
CN102728781B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-15 | 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 | Molding sand using cement as binder and producing method thereof |
CN102728777B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-04-30 | 繁昌县琦祥铸造厂 | Multicomponent mixed casting molding sand and preparation method thereof |
CN103567369A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-02-12 | 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 | Clay molding sand for cast steel and preparation method thereof |
CN103495693A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市田源精铸有限公司 | High-temperature-resisting easy collapse molding sand and preparation method thereof |
CN107262664A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-10-20 | 马鞍山市三川机械制造有限公司 | A kind of Automobile flywheel shell moulding sand for casting |
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