CN109364889B - 一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents
一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:制备醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;将所述醋酸纤维素纳米纤维用碱液进行脱乙酰化,得到纤维素纳米纤维;利用所述纤维素纳米纤维制备纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺‑co‑马来酸酐)水凝胶;将所述纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺‑co‑马来酸酐)水凝胶浸泡在氯化亚铁和氯化铁的混合溶液中,加入氨水进行反应,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺‑co‑马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即所述温敏性水凝胶。与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:本发明通过热致相分离方法制备纤维素纳米纤维,工艺简单、产量高,非常适合于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,属于多孔吸附材料技术领域。
背景技术
重金属是指密度大于4.5m2/g的金属元素,如Cu、Ag、Cr、Pb等金属。重金属离子主要通过化工生产、化肥农药、生活废水和矿山开采等排入水中,当水中重金属离子的浓度超过水体的自净能力时,就造成水体重金属污染。随着工业和农业的快速发展,大量的重金属废水排放,重金属污染已成为环境污染危害最大之一。重金属在自然条件下不易被降解,且通过食物链在人体内富集,近十年来国内重金属水污染事件频发,解决重金属污染问题刻不容缓。目前对重金属的污染主要通过化学法、如化学沉淀法、氧化还原法;生物法,如植物重修复法、生物吸附法和生物絮凝法;物理法,如分离法、离子交换法和吸附法。吸附法由于吸附剂来源丰富、价格低廉、吸附量大、处理效率高,简便易操作且无二次污染等优点,被广泛应用于重金属离子废水的处理。常用的吸附剂在选择性和回收利用方面存在一些不足。目前研究的吸附剂尝试将多种吸附材料通过物理掺杂或化学连接方法结合,利用各材料的结构优势,制备具有高吸附容量、强适应性和便于回收利用的吸附材料。
水凝胶是一种亲水性聚合物通过物理或化学交联相互缠结,形成三维网络结构的固体材料,水作为分散介质填充整个网络结构的孔隙。水凝胶作为一种具备三维网络结构的高分子材料,在去除重金属方面具有其独特的优势。智能型水凝胶对外界刺激(如:温度、pH、离子强度、电场强度等),具有响应性,因此将智能型水凝胶作为吸附剂,可通过改变外界环境来调控水凝胶对重金属离子的吸附过程,或根据水凝胶的特殊响应性对重金属离子进行识别。
天然高分子水凝胶具有来源丰富,价廉且生物相容性好,被广泛应用于水凝胶制备,但其稳定性差,因此常将天然高分子与合成高分子共混或接枝共聚等方式来提高水凝胶实际要求。然而大部分天然高分子为粉末状、块状或膜状结构,孔隙率低、比表面积小,接枝改性后,仍然存在孔隙率低、比表面积小等问题,因此其对重金属离子的吸附容量低。怎样提高重金属离子的吸附容量成为急需解决的关键问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法及其用途。本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
制备醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
将所述醋酸纤维素纳米纤维用碱液进行脱乙酰化,得到纤维素纳米纤维;
利用所述纤维素纳米纤维制备纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶;
将所述纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶浸泡在氯化亚铁和氯化铁的混合溶液中,加入氨水进行反应,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即所述温敏性水凝胶。
作为优选方案,所述醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的制备方法为:
将醋酸纤维素溶解在四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂中,得到淬火液,将所述淬火液在-30~-15℃下进行淬火后,用蒸馏水洗涤除去四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺,冷冻干燥得到的醋酸纤维素纳米纤维。
作为优选方案,所述淬火液中,醋酸纤维素、四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺的重量份数分别为0.2~0.5份、1~3份、5~10份。
作为优选方案,所述碱液为NaOH的乙醇溶液,其中NaOH的浓度为0.1~0.2mol/L。
作为优选方案,所述纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备方法为:
将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;
将硝酸铈铵溶解在硝酸溶液中,加入乙烯基修饰二氧化硅和所述纤维素纳米纤维,得到反应液B;
通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,在30~60℃下进行反应后,依次采用蒸馏水洗涤,采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶。
作为优选方案,所述反应液A中:N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的重量份数分别为5~10份、2~3份、0.05~0.1份;所述反应液B中:硝酸铈铵、纤维素纳米纤维、乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的重量份数分别为1~3份、2~6份、0.2~0.5份。
作为优选方案,所述乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的制备方法为:将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷与二氧化硅反应,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
作为优选方案,所述氯化亚铁和氯化铁的混合溶液中,氯化亚铁和氯化铁的摩尔比为1:2;所述氨水的浓度为1mol/L。
一种由前述制备方法得到的温敏性水凝胶在重金属离子吸附中的用途。
作为优选方案,所述重金属离子为铜离子。
本发明的机理在于:
通过热致相分离方法制备纤维素纳米纤维。通过自由基引发聚合,将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和马来酸酐共聚到纤维素链上。最后通过共沉淀方法将具有磁性的四氧化三铁复合到水凝胶上。
利用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺上的氨基和马来酸酐水解后产生的羧基对铜离子的配位螯合起到吸附作用。利用纤维素纳米纤维的高孔隙率和大比表面积,提高其吸附容量。利用水凝胶上Fe3O4的磁性,有利于水凝胶吸附后的回收循环使用。乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的加入为了提高水凝胶的孔隙率,提高其溶胀率和吸附容量。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
1、将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和马来酸酐接枝到具有生物相容性的纤维素纳米纤维上,缩小了水凝胶的体积尺寸,增大了比表面积和孔隙率,溶胀率大大提高,从而提高铜离子的吸附容量;
2、乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的加入,形成了非连续的网络孔结构,孔隙率提高,溶胀率提高,吸附容量也随之提高;
3、通过热致相分离方法制备纤维素纳米纤维,工艺简单、产量高,非常适合于工业化生产。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1本发明中实施例1制备的纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶扫描电镜图;
图2本发明中实施例1制备的纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶温度与溶胀率的关系;
图3本发明中实施例1制备的纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶的吸附动力学曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
1)纤维素纳米纤维的制备
将1g四氢呋喃和10g N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺加入血清瓶中,后加入将0.3g醋酸纤维素,搅拌溶解,形成澄清透明溶液。将溶液倒入培养皿中,-20℃下冰箱冷冻处理3h。结束后取出,放入冰水混合物中,每6h换一次蒸馏水,换4次。最后冷冻干燥得到醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;将醋酸纤维素纳米纤维浸泡在0.1mol/L的NaOH/乙醇溶液中24h,后用蒸馏水洗涤,直至洗涤液pH值为7。冷冻干燥得到纤维素纳米纤维。
2)纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备。
将1g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在15mL乙醇中,将1g二氧化硅超声分散在10mL的乙醇中。将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶液加入二氧化硅混合液中,超声处理2h,离心分离、乙醇洗涤,50℃真空干燥,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
将0.6g N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、0.2g马来酸酐、0.008g N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;将0.1g硝酸铈铵溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,加入0.2g纤维素纳米纤维和0.03g乙烯基修饰二氧化硅,得到反应液B;通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,反应温度50℃、反应4h,蒸馏水洗涤、采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶,简写为Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)纳米纤维水凝胶。
3)Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶的制备。
将0.3g Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)水凝胶浸泡在100mL氯化亚铁(0.0852g)和氯化铁(0.2316g)溶液中,加入10mL 1mol/L氨水,反应9h,得到Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即用于铜离子吸附的温敏性水凝胶。
Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶的扫描电镜图如图1所示,水凝胶呈现多孔纤维状结构,纤维直径为178±100nm,水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为93.8%和24.4m2/g、磁化强度为0.022emu/g。图2为Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶溶胀比随温度变化曲线,Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶在28℃开始快速失水,约40℃达到平衡,在36.2℃附近出现了良好的温度敏感特性。
将50mL浓度为500mg/L的Cu2+溶液加入锥形瓶中,用NaOH或HCl调节pH=7.0。将10mg水凝胶加入上述溶液中,25℃,分别恒温水浴震荡10、20、50、100、200、300、400、500、800、1200和1500min后,取上层清液过滤。采用原子吸收光谱仪测量溶液中Cu2+浓度,计算吸附后溶液中Cu2+浓度,吸附曲线如图3所示。在0-300min内,吸附量随吸附时间急剧增加,300-500min吸附量逐渐趋缓,500min后达到吸附平衡,纤维水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到390.2mg/g。
实施例2
1)纤维素纳米纤维的制备
将2g四氢呋喃和8g N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺加入血清瓶中,后加入将0.2g醋酸纤维素,搅拌溶解,形成澄清透明溶液。将溶液倒入培养皿中,-25℃下冰箱冷冻处理2.5h。结束后取出,放入冰水混合物中,每6h换一次蒸馏水,换4次。最后冷冻干燥得到醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;将醋酸纤维素纳米纤维浸泡在0.15mol/L的NaOH/乙醇溶液中24h,后用蒸馏水洗涤,直至洗涤液pH值为7。冷冻干燥得到纤维素纳米纤维。
2)纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备。
将1g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在15mL乙醇中,将1g二氧化硅超声分散在10mL的乙醇中。将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶液加入二氧化硅混合液中,超声处理2h,离心分离、乙醇洗涤,50℃真空干燥,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
将0.4g N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、0.28g马来酸酐、0.01g N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;将0.3g硝酸铈铵溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,加入0.3g纤维素纳米纤维和0.04g乙烯基修饰二氧化硅,得到反应液B;通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,反应温度45℃、反应3h,蒸馏水洗涤、采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶,简写为Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)纳米纤维水凝胶。
3)Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶的制备。
将0.3g Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)水凝胶浸泡在100mL氯化亚铁(0.0852g)和氯化铁(0.2316g)溶液中,加入10mL 1mol/L氨水,反应6h,得到Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即用于铜离子吸附的温敏性水凝胶。
Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶中纤维直径为170±70nm,水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为91.8%和26.1m2/g、磁化强度为0.024emu/g。Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到410.1mg/g。
实施例3
1)纤维素纳米纤维的制备
将3g四氢呋喃和7g N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺加入血清瓶中,后加入将0.3g醋酸纤维素,搅拌溶解,形成澄清透明溶液。将溶液倒入培养皿中,-20℃下冰箱冷冻处理3h。结束后取出,放入冰水混合物中,每6h换一次蒸馏水,换4次。最后冷冻干燥得到醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;将醋酸纤维素纳米纤维浸泡在0.15mol/L的NaOH/乙醇溶液中24h,后用蒸馏水洗涤,直至洗涤液pH值为7。冷冻干燥得到纤维素纳米纤维。
2)纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备。
将1g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在15mL乙醇中,将1g二氧化硅超声分散在10mL的乙醇中。将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶液加入二氧化硅混合液中,超声处理2h,离心分离、乙醇洗涤,50℃真空干燥,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
将0.5g N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、0.25g马来酸酐、0.008g N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;将0.2g硝酸铈铵溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,加入0.5g纤维素纳米纤维和0.05g乙烯基修饰二氧化硅,得到反应液B;通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,反应温度40℃、反应3h,蒸馏水洗涤、采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶,简写为Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)纳米纤维水凝胶。
3)Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶的制备。
将0.4g Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)水凝胶浸泡在100mL氯化亚铁(0.0852g)和氯化铁(0.2316g)溶液中,加入10mL 1mol/L氨水,反应6h,得到Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即用于铜离子吸附的温敏性水凝胶。
Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶中纤维直径为189±90nm,水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为92.1%和23.1m2/g、磁化强度为0.020emu/g。Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到380.1mg/g。
实施例4
1)纤维素纳米纤维的制备
将2g四氢呋喃和8g N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺加入血清瓶中,后加入将0.45g醋酸纤维素,搅拌溶解,形成澄清透明溶液。将溶液倒入培养皿中,-15℃下冰箱冷冻处理3h。结束后取出,放入冰水混合物中,每6h换一次蒸馏水,换4次。最后冷冻干燥得到醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;将醋酸纤维素纳米纤维浸泡在0.2mol/L的NaOH/乙醇溶液中24h,后用蒸馏水洗涤,直至洗涤液pH值为7。冷冻干燥得到纤维素纳米纤维。
2)纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备。
将1g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶解在15mL乙醇中,将1g二氧化硅超声分散在10mL的乙醇中。将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷溶液加入二氧化硅混合液中,超声处理2h,离心分离、乙醇洗涤,50℃真空干燥,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
将0.7g N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、0.2g马来酸酐、0.005g N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在15mL 1mol/L硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;将0.2g硝酸铈铵溶解在15mL1mol/L硝酸溶液中,加入0.4g纤维素纳米纤维和0.02g乙烯基修饰二氧化硅,得到反应液B;通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,反应温度40℃、反应4h,蒸馏水洗涤、采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶,简写为Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)纳米纤维水凝胶。
3)Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶的制备。
将0.2g Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)水凝胶浸泡在100mL氯化亚铁(0.0852g)和氯化铁(0.2316g)溶液中,加入10mL 1mol/L氨水,反应8h,得到Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即用于铜离子吸附的温敏性水凝胶。
Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶中纤维直径为169±80nm,水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为93.2%和22.1m2/g、磁化强度为0.025emu/g。Cell-g-P(NIPAm-co-MA)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到397.1mg/g。
对比例1
与实施例1不同之处在于:步骤1)将醋酸纤维素溶解在四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺混合溶剂中,后采用流延成膜方法制备纤维素流延膜。
后续步骤与实施例1相同,最终得到纤维素流延膜接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶。该水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为60.3%和1.19m2/g。相比较于纤维膜水凝胶,孔隙率和比表面积大大缩小。主要因为无法像纤维膜水凝胶一样形成多孔结构。流延膜水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量为120.1m2/g。
对比例2
与实施例1不同之处在于:步骤2)中乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的添加量为0。最终得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶。
纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性复合水凝胶中纤维直径为161±55nm。孔隙率和比表面积分别为81.1%和15.12m2/g。纤维水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到267.78mg/g。反应体系中加入乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的主要目的是为了提高水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积,而进一步提高其重金属吸附容量。
对比例3
与实施例1不同之处在于:步骤2)中马来酸酐的添加量为0。最终得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)水凝胶。该水凝胶中纤维直径为151±78nm,水凝胶的孔隙率和比表面积分别为67.2%和0.45m2/g。该水凝胶对Cu2+的饱和吸附量达到110.6mg/g。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (5)
1.一种温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
制备醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
将所述醋酸纤维素纳米纤维用碱液进行脱乙酰化,得到纤维素纳米纤维;
利用所述纤维素纳米纤维制备纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶;
将所述纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶浸泡在氯化亚铁和氯化铁的混合溶液中,加入氨水进行反应,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)/Fe3O4磁性纳米纤维复合水凝胶,即所述温敏性水凝胶;
所述纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶的制备方法为:
将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N, N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解在硝酸溶液中,得到反应液A;
将硝酸铈铵溶解在硝酸溶液中,加入乙烯基修饰二氧化硅和所述纤维素纳米纤维,得到反应液B;
通过恒压滴液漏斗将反应液A逐滴加入反应液B中,在30~60℃下进行反应后,依次采用蒸馏水洗涤,采用丙酮索氏提取、抽滤,得到纤维素纳米纤维接枝聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-co-马来酸酐)水凝胶;
所述醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的制备方法为:
将醋酸纤维素溶解在四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶剂中,得到淬火液,将所述淬火液在-30~-15℃下进行淬火后,用蒸馏水洗涤除去四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺,冷冻干燥得到的醋酸纤维素纳米纤维;
所述碱液为NaOH的乙醇溶液,其中NaOH的浓度为0.1~0.2 mol/L;
所述反应液A中:N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、马来酸酐、N, N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的重量份数分别为5~10份、2~3份、0.05~0.1份;所述反应液B中:硝酸铈铵、纤维素纳米纤维、乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的重量份数分别为1~3份、2~6份、0.2~0.5份;
所述乙烯基修饰二氧化硅的制备方法为:将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷与二氧化硅反应,得到乙烯基修饰二氧化硅。
2.如权利要求1所述的温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述淬火液中,醋酸纤维素、四氢呋喃和N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺的重量份数分别为0.2~0.5份、1~3份、5~10份。
3.如权利要求1所述的温敏性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氯化亚铁和氯化铁的混合溶液中,氯化亚铁和氯化铁的摩尔比为1:2;所述氨水的浓度为1 mol/L。
4.一种由权利要求1~3中任意一项所述制备方法得到的温敏性水凝胶在重金属离子吸附中的用途。
5.如权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,所述重金属离子为铜离子。
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