CN109361029A - A kind of guard method of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system and device - Google Patents
A kind of guard method of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109361029A CN109361029A CN201810858300.1A CN201810858300A CN109361029A CN 109361029 A CN109361029 A CN 109361029A CN 201810858300 A CN201810858300 A CN 201810858300A CN 109361029 A CN109361029 A CN 109361029A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of guard methods of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system; it include: the temperature for obtaining multiple positions of the battery surface of time of time and the start-up operation that battery energy storage system is started to work, the initial value of the temperature of multiple positions as battery surface；According to the pre-set interval time, the temperature of multiple positions of timing acquisition battery surface, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained is as the current value of the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface；The temperature rise rate of multiple positions of the battery surface is obtained by temperature rise rate calculation formula；The temperature rise rate is compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature rise rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, takes corresponding battery protection measures.
Description
Technical field
This application involves cell safety technical fields, and in particular to a kind of protection of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system
Method and a kind of protective device of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system.
Background technique
Electrochemical energy storage is mainly used for exporting energy when power grid high load capacity, is used for peak load shifting, mitigates power grid wave
It is dynamic, as electrochemical energy storage adds up the rising of installation amount, current common electrochemical energy storage system, such as lithium ion battery storage bodies
There are security risks for system, can not inherently guarantee safety in utilization.Studies have shown that in the safety problem of battery is substantially derived from
Thermal runaway caused by portion's exothermic reaction.Although many countries and tissue have all formulated battery detecting requirement and safety post in the world
Standard, but large batch of battery uses, it is possible to cells burst explosion and chain reaction occurs.
Feasible scheme currently there is no to ensure battery energy storage system safe operation, reason of searching to the bottom is many factors,
It such as overcharges, squeeze, needle pierces, short circuit can cause battery thermal runaway.Currently used battery energy storage system monitoring means is main
It is running battery set temperature and voltage critical point for temperature and voltage, and internal temperature of battery and external temperature exist
Difference, and inner and outer temperatures difference can be different with specific works situation because of battery geometric position, therefore conventional temperature monitoring hand
Section is still it cannot be guaranteed that cell safety.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of guard method of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system, for solving conventional temperature prison
The problem of survey means cannot be guaranteed cell safety.
This application provides a kind of guard method of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system, comprising:
Obtain multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of time and the start-up operation that battery energy storage system is started to work
The temperature set, using the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation as multiple positions of battery surface
Temperature initial value；
The timing since the time of the start-up operation, according to pre-set interval time, timing acquisition battery surface
Multiple positions temperature, using the last time obtain battery surface multiple positions temperature as multiple positions of battery surface
The current value for the temperature set；
According to the temperature of the current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface and multiple positions of the battery surface
Multiple positions of the current value and battery surface of the temperature of multiple positions of the initial value of degree and the battery surface
The respective acquisition time of the initial value of temperature obtains the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface by temperature rise rate calculation formula
Raising speed rate；
The temperature rise rate is compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature rise rate is more than preparatory
The temperature rise rate threshold value of setting, then take corresponding battery protection measures.
Preferably, the battery table of the time for obtaining time and the start-up operation that battery energy storage system is started to work
The temperature of multiple positions in face, comprising:
Obtain the positive position of the time battery surface of the time and the start-up operation started to work in battery energy storage system
The temperature for setting point, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point, is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td respectively.
Preferably, the timing since the time of the start-up operation is periodically obtained according to the pre-set interval time
Take the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface, comprising:
The time of the start-up operation is denoted as t0；
According to the pre-set interval time, the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface is obtained；
Interval time t be will acquire in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, be denoted as T1, T2, T3, T4 respectively.
Preferably, the current value of the temperature of multiple positions according to the battery surface and the battery surface is more
The initial value of the temperature on the initial value of the temperature of a position and the present battery surface and the temperature of the battery surface
Acquisition time obtains the temperature rise rate of multiple positions on the present battery surface by temperature rise rate calculation formula, specific public
Formula are as follows:
Temperature rise rate Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0)；
Wherein, the temperature that wherein Tn is interval time of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point when being n,
T0 is the temperature for the time that the battery energy storage system of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point is started to work, and t is to work as
The preceding time.
Preferably, further includes:
According to the temperature rise rate, obtained among the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry of the battery surface respectively
The temperature rise rate of location point and geometrical bottom location point.
Preferably, described to be compared the temperature rise rate with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature rise
Rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, then takes corresponding battery protection measures, comprising:
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
If the temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate first threshold
And be less than second threshold, then reduce the current operation power of the battery.
Preferably, further includes:
If the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold, then maintains the current operation power of the battery.
Preferably, further includes:
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
If the current temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate second
Threshold value and be less than third threshold value, then stop the operation of the battery, be simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, further include；
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise speed；
If the temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate third threshold value,
Then fire-fighting system is notified to take measures, is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, the battery energy storage system, comprising:
Lithium secondary battery energy-storage system, lead-acid battery energy-storage system, redox flow battery energy storage system.
Preferably, further includes:
According to the different charge and discharge systems and battery of different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, different batteries
The varying environment temperature used presets different temperature rise rate threshold values.
The application provides a kind of protective device of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system simultaneously, comprising:
Initial value acquiring unit, for obtaining the time of battery energy storage system start-up operation and the time of the start-up operation
Battery surface multiple positions temperature, using the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation as
The initial value of the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface；
Current value acquiring unit, for the timing since the time of the start-up operation, when according to pre-set interval
Between, the temperature of multiple positions of timing acquisition battery surface, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained
The current value of the temperature of multiple positions as battery surface；
Temperature rise speed computing unit, for according to the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface current value and the electricity
The current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the initial value and battery surface of the temperature of multiple positions of pool surface with it is described
The respective acquisition time of initial value of the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface obtains the electricity by temperature rise rate calculation formula
The temperature rise rate of multiple positions of pool surface；
Comparing unit, for the temperature rise rate to be compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature
Raising speed rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, then takes corresponding battery protection measures.
Preferably, the initial value acquiring unit, comprising:
Location point obtains subelement, for obtaining time and the start-up operation in battery energy storage system start-up operation
The temperature of the positive location point of time battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point,
It is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td respectively.
Preferably, the current value acquiring unit, comprising:
Timing definition subelement, for the time of the start-up operation to be denoted as t0；
Temperature obtains subelement, for obtaining the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface according to the pre-set interval time
Degree；
Temperature defines subelement, for will acquire interval time t in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, remembers respectively
Make T1, T2, T3, T4.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate computing unit, comprising:
Formula defines subelement, for defining temperature rise speed calculation formula, Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0).
Preferably, the formula defines subelement, comprising:
Temperature rise speed obtains subelement, for obtaining the positive position of the battery surface respectively according to the temperature rise rate
Set the temperature rate of point, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point.
Preferably, the comparing unit, comprising:
First threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate for setting point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Power reduces unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset
Temperature rise rate first threshold and be less than second threshold, then reduce the current operation power of the battery.
Preferably, further includes:
Power maintenance unit, if positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position for the battery surface
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold, then described in maintenance
The current operation power of battery.
Preferably, further includes:
Second threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate for setting point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Stop unit is run, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset
Temperature rise rate second threshold and be less than third threshold value, then stop the operation of the battery, be simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, further includes:
Third threshold value comparison unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
It sets point and the temperature rise rate of geometrical bottom location point and the third threshold value of preset temperature rise speed is compared；
Fire fighting unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise
Rate-valve value then notifies fire-fighting system to take measures, and is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, further includes:
Threshold setting unit, for being filled according to the difference of different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, different batteries
The varying environment temperature that discharge mode and battery use presets different temperature rise rate threshold values.
The guard method of a kind of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system provided by the present application, by obtaining battery surface not
The temperature rise rate of different location point is calculated by temperature rise rate calculation formula with the initial temperature and Current Temperatures of location point, it will
Temperature rise rate is compared with preset multiple threshold values, if the temperature rise rate of battery surface any position point is more than to set in advance
Fixed threshold value then takes corresponding safeguard measure, solves because the location point of acquisition battery surface temperature is single, the temperature of acquisition
The problem of inaccuracy, while being only compared the temperature of battery surface with critical point, the indefinite problem of security level.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of guard method flow chart of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system provided by the embodiments of the present application；
Fig. 2 be the invention relates to measurement threshold value and temperature rise rate used in battery and thermocouple arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 be the invention relates to battery temperature and threshold value comparison flow chart；
Fig. 4 be the invention relates to anode at and cathode at simulation calculation thermal runaway process temperature-when
Between change curve
Fig. 5 be the invention relates to battery different multiplying overcharge when anode at Temperature-time variation simulation curve.
Fig. 6 is a kind of protective device schematic diagram of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Specific embodiment
Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand the application.But the application can be with
Much it is different from other way described herein to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to the application intension the case where
Under do similar popularization, therefore the application is not limited by following public specific implementation.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is method flow diagram provided by the embodiments of the present application, is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1.
Step S101 obtains the battery surface of the time of time and the start-up operation that battery energy storage system is started to work
Multiple positions temperature, using the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation as battery surface
The initial value of the temperature of multiple positions.
Battery energy storage system is mainly used for storing electric energy when network load is low, exports when network load is high
Electric energy is used for peak load shifting, mitigates power network fluctuation.In this application, battery energy storage system refers to electrochemical energy storage system, electricity
Pond energy-storage system is made of one or more battery mould group, and battery converts electrical energy into chemical energy when storing electric energy, and battery exists
When exporting electric energy, chemical energy is converted into electric energy, during energy conversion, battery can generate heat, and if it happens overcharge, squeeze
It situations such as pressure, needle thorn, short circuit, may cause battery thermal runaway, and then cells burst explosion and chain reaction occur.So
In order to effectively prevent battery thermal runaway, the measure of being effectively protected need to be taken.
Before taking the measure of being effectively protected, need to obtain the time and the beginning that battery energy storage system is started to work
The temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of work, comprising: obtain time for starting to work in battery energy storage system with
Positive location point, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and the geometrical bottom of the time battery surface of the start-up operation
The temperature of location point, is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td respectively.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 be measurement threshold value and temperature rise rate used in battery and
Thermocouple arrangement schematic diagram, 4 points in Fig. 2 are 4 points for obtaining battery surface temperature, then by the start-up operation
Initial value of the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of time as the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface.Ordinary circumstance
Under, the initial value of the temperature of the multiple positions of battery surface is all relatively low, because battery is just started to work, and selects battery table
4 points in face carry out value, because battery is at work, due to internal structure, heat generating spot is also different, so internal
Temperature be reflected in battery surface also can be different, so taking the temperature of 4 different location points, this 4 different location points are usual
The different functional areas of corresponding inside battery, location point are not necessarily 4, can select multiple location points according to the actual situation.
Step S102, the timing since the time of the start-up operation, according to pre-set interval time, timing acquisition
The temperature of multiple positions of battery surface, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained is as battery surface
Multiple positions temperature current value.
In previous step, the battery of the time of battery energy storage system start-up operation and the time of start-up operation are obtained
The temperature of multiple positions on surface, after battery energy storage system start-up operation, the temperature of inside battery is begun to ramp up, and then will be warm
Degree is transmitted to the surface of battery, and the at this moment timing since the time of the start-up operation is fixed according to the pre-set interval time
When obtain battery surface multiple positions temperature, the time of the start-up operation is denoted as t0, according to pre-set interval
Time obtains the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface, will acquire interval time t in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td,
It is denoted as T1, T2, T3, T4 respectively.
It is the pre-set interval time, unsuitable too long, it generally should be smaller than 5 minutes, interval time is the smaller the better, but in temperature
In the range of degree acquisition equipment performance allows, in the embodiment of the present application, it can will be set as 2 minutes interval time, then often
Every 2 minutes 4 location points Ta, Tb, Tc, Td to battery surface, a temperature value is obtained, the electricity for then obtaining the last time
Current value of the temperature of 4 location points of pool surface as the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface, be denoted as respectively T1, T2, T3,
T4。
Step S103, according to the multiple of the current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface and the battery surface
The current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the initial value of the temperature of position and the battery surface is more with the battery surface
The respective acquisition time of the initial value of the temperature of a position obtains the multiple of the battery surface by temperature rise rate calculation formula
The temperature rise rate of position.
The temperature rise rate of battery, specific formula are as follows:
Temperature rise rate Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0)；
Wherein, the temperature that wherein Tn is interval time of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point when being n,
T0 is the temperature for the time that the battery energy storage system of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point is started to work, and t is to work as
The preceding time.
According to the temperature rise rate, obtained among the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry of the battery surface respectively
The temperature rise rate of location point and geometrical bottom location point.
The current temperature rise rate is compared, if described work as by step S104 with preset temperature rise rate threshold value
Preceding temperature rise rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, then takes corresponding battery protection measures.
After the temperature rise rate for obtaining 4 location points of battery surface, whether temperature rise rate also needs in normal range
Will by with preset temperature rise rate threshold value do it is further compared with, by comparing as a result, determined, it is specific relatively
Process may refer to Fig. 3.
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；If any one location point of battery surface
Temperature rise rate is more than preset temperature rise rate first threshold and is less than second threshold, then reduces the current operation of the battery
Power.
In this application, the threshold value of 3 grades of temperature rise rates, the relationship of the threshold value of this 3 grades of temperature rise rates are as follows: the first threshold are set altogether
Value < second threshold < third threshold value.
The temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate first threshold and is less than
Second threshold illustrates that the temperature of battery surface is excessively high, but is also unlikely to dangerous, if continuing to keep current power operation,
There can be certain danger, so, it is only necessary to the appropriate temperature for reducing battery surface, then the measure that can be taken is to reduce electricity
The current operation power in pond.The current operation power of battery is reduced, the thermal discharge of inside battery starts to reduce, battery surface
Temperature can be gradually reduced.So under normal circumstances, battery maintain low power run for a period of time after, the temperature of battery surface
Degree can reduce, and when battery keeps low power run, can also obtain 4 location points of battery surface by preset interval time
Temperature, if the temperature rise rate of 4 location points of present battery by reduce Power operation be not above pre-selection setting temperature rise
Rate first threshold illustrates that the Current Temperatures of battery surface have been in safe range, so, battery can be restored with normal power
It runs.
Alternatively, when battery is run with normal power, if the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, several
The temperature rise rate of what intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold,
Then maintain the current operation power of the battery.Illustrate not needing in the current operation of the battery just range of one safety of processing
Any safeguard measure is taken, as long as maintaining current operating status.
Battery energy storage system is usually controlled using several batteries as battery pack, so reducing battery operation power
When, it is to reduce the power of the battery pack where battery, rather than all powers of battery of entire energy-storage system are all reduced.
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate, is there are also a kind of situation, if the battery surface
The current temperature rise rate of any one location point is more than preset temperature rise rate second threshold and is less than third threshold value, then stops
The only operation of the battery, is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
It is less than third threshold value since temperature rise rate second threshold is greater than first threshold, so working as any one position of battery surface
Current temperature rise rate a little is set more than preset temperature rise rate second threshold and when being less than third threshold value, illustrates the temperature of battery
Degree is quite high, if not taking corresponding safety measure immediately, internal exothermic reaction will cause thermal runaway, after
Fruit can be very serious, so should stop the operation of battery immediately, is simultaneously emitted by warning message, the temperature of indicating battery is excessively high, can
It can cause thermal runaway.
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom position
The temperature rise rate of point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise speed, is exactly there are also a kind of situation, if the battery table
The current temperature rise rate of any one location point of face is more than preset temperature rise rate third threshold value, then notifies fire-fighting system to adopt
Measure is taken, warning message is simultaneously emitted by.Fire-fighting system for battery injection cooling extinguishing chemical, the extinguishing chemical of injection can for
Extinguishing chemical based on cooling mechanism, such as the common gas of Novec 1230, dry ice, heptafluoro-propane, foam, aerosol, water mists,
One of liquid, solid extinguishing chemical are a variety of.Third threshold value is greater than first threshold, also greater than second threshold, if the 4 of battery surface
The temperature rise rate of any one location point of a location point is greater than third threshold value, illustrates that the exothermic reaction of inside battery has caused
Thermal runaway, if battery at that time there are no the extreme cases such as explosive combustion occur, but also at any time may be used situations such as explosive combustion
It can occur and quite dangerous is taken if explosive combustion occurs not yet so needing that fire-fighting system is notified to take measures
Measure based on cooling down, if after notifying fire-fighting system, an explosion occurred burning situations such as, then just with put out a fire based on,
The fire due to caused by battery explosion burning etc. is put out using extinguishing chemical.
Battery, to the process of thermal runaway, can be simulated, Ke Yican since cut-in time by simulation calculation
See Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is thermal runaway process temperature-time of simulation calculation at anode provided by the embodiments of the present application and at cathode
Change curve.Also it is referred to when different multiplying overcharges Temperature-time at anode and changes simulation curve, as shown in figure 5, further
Thermal runaway occurs for electrolytic cell, from the variation started to thermal runaway temperature and time.
The battery energy storage system that the application mentions, comprising: lithium secondary battery energy-storage system, lead-acid battery energy-storage system, liquid
Galvanic battery energy-storage system.According to the different charge and discharge systems of different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, different batteries,
And the varying environment temperature that battery uses, different temperature rise rate threshold values is preset, specific threshold value is by testing or emulating really
It is fixed.
The temperature rise rate threshold value of each temperature acquisition point of lithium secondary battery, first threshold < second threshold < third threshold value, the threshold
Value is suitable for lithium secondary battery energy-storage system with 0.1C-5C current charging and discharging, environment temperature -10~60 DEG C application scenarios.
For being respectively set as 0.008 when rate of temperature change threshold value vt, a, 1C at the positive a point of ferric phosphate lithium cell
DEG C/s~0.06 DEG C/s (thermal balance), 0.06 DEG C/s~0.25 DEG C/s (heat increase), 0.25 DEG C/s~10 DEG C/s (thermal runaway) it
Between；It is respectively set as 0.008 DEG C/s~0.03 DEG C/s (thermal balance) when rate of temperature change threshold value vt, b, 1C at cathode b point,
0.03 DEG C/s~0.25 DEG C/s (heat increases), between 0.25 DEG C/s~10 DEG C/s (thermal runaway).
It and is vt=for the fit correlation of the threshold value vt and charge-discharge magnification r of ferric phosphate lithium cell thermal balance phase sets
A0+a1r+a2r2, wherein a0, a1, a2 are between -0.1~0.1；The threshold value vt of hot build phase setting and charge and discharge times
The relationship of rate r is vt=b0+b1r, and wherein b0, b1, are between -0.5~0.5；The threshold value vt of thermal runaway phase sets and
The relationship of charge-discharge magnification r is vt=c0+c1r+c2r2, and wherein c0, c1, c2 are between -5~10.And other positions point
Threshold value and the relationship of multiplying power can be obtained by fit approach, and system running environment temperature is at -20 DEG C~60 DEG C of environment temperature
Between, threshold value and multiplying power meet above-mentioned relation.
The application provides a kind of protective device 600 of thermal runaway for battery energy storage system simultaneously, as shown in fig. 6, packet
It includes:
Initial value acquiring unit 601, for obtain battery energy storage system start-up operation time and the start-up operation
The temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of time, by the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation
The initial value of the temperature of multiple positions as battery surface；
Current value acquiring unit 602, for the timing since the time of the start-up operation, according to pre-set interval
Time, the temperature of multiple positions of timing acquisition battery surface, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained
Spend the current value of the temperature of multiple positions as battery surface；
Temperature rise speed computing unit 603, for according to the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface current value and institute
State the current value of the temperature of the initial value of the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface and multiple positions of the battery surface with
The respective acquisition time of initial value of the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface obtains institute by temperature rise rate calculation formula
State the temperature rise rate of multiple positions of battery surface；
Comparing unit 604, for the temperature rise rate to be compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if described
Temperature rise rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, then takes corresponding battery protection measures.
Preferably, the initial value acquiring unit, comprising:
Location point obtains subelement, for obtaining time and the start-up operation in battery energy storage system start-up operation
The temperature of the positive location point of time battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point,
It is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td respectively.
Preferably, the current value acquiring unit, comprising:
Timing definition subelement, for the time of the start-up operation to be denoted as t0；
Temperature obtains subelement, for obtaining the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface according to the pre-set interval time
Degree；
Temperature defines subelement, for will acquire interval time t in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, remembers respectively
Make T1, T2, T3, T4.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate computing unit, comprising:
Formula defines subelement, for defining temperature rise speed calculation formula, Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0).
Preferably, the formula defines subelement, comprising:
Temperature rise speed obtains subelement, for obtaining the positive position of the battery surface respectively according to the temperature rise rate
Set the temperature rate of point, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point.
Preferably, the comparing unit, comprising:
First threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate for setting point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Power reduces unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset
Temperature rise rate first threshold and be less than second threshold, then reduce the current operation power of the battery.
Preferably, further includes:
Power maintenance unit, if positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position for the battery surface
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold, then described in maintenance
The current operation power of battery.
Preferably, further includes:
Second threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate for setting point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Stop unit is run, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset
Temperature rise rate second threshold and be less than third threshold value, then stop the operation of the battery, be simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, further includes:
Third threshold value comparison unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry interposition of the battery surface
It sets point and the temperature rise rate of geometrical bottom location point and the third threshold value of preset temperature rise speed is compared；
Fire fighting unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise
Rate-valve value then notifies fire-fighting system to take measures, and is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
Preferably, further includes:
Threshold setting unit, for being filled according to the difference of different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, different batteries
The varying environment temperature that discharge mode and battery use presets different temperature rise rate threshold values.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, although referring to above-described embodiment pair
The present invention is described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art still can to a specific embodiment of the invention into
Row modifies perhaps equivalent replacement and these exist without departing from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or equivalent replacement
Apply within pending claims of the invention.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of guard method of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system characterized by comprising
Obtain multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of time and the start-up operation that battery energy storage system is started to work
Temperature, using the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation as the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface
The initial value of degree；
The timing since the time of the start-up operation, according to the pre-set interval time, timing acquisition battery surface it is more
The temperature of a position, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained is as multiple positions of battery surface
The current value of temperature；
According to the current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface and the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface
The temperature of multiple positions of the current value and battery surface of the temperature of multiple positions of initial value and the battery surface
The respective acquisition time of initial value, by temperature rise rate calculation formula obtain multiple positions of the battery surface temperature rise speed
Rate；
The temperature rise rate is compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature rise rate is more than to preset
Temperature rise rate threshold value, then take corresponding battery protection measures.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described obtain battery energy storage system start to work time and
The temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation, comprising:
Obtain the time battery surface of the time and the start-up operation started to work in battery energy storage system positive location point,
The temperature of cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point, is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td respectively.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the timing since the time of the start-up operation, root
According to the pre-set interval time, the temperature of multiple positions of timing acquisition battery surface, comprising:
The time of the start-up operation is denoted as t0；
According to the pre-set interval time, the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface is obtained；
Interval time t be will acquire in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, be denoted as T1, T2, T3, T4 respectively.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of multiple positions according to the battery surface
Current value and the battery surface multiple positions temperature initial value and the present battery surface temperature and institute
The acquisition time for stating the initial value of the temperature of battery surface obtains the present battery surface by temperature rise rate calculation formula
The temperature rise rate of multiple positions, specific formula are as follows:
Temperature rise rate Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0)；
Wherein, the temperature that wherein Tn is interval time of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point when being n, T0 are
The temperature for the time that the battery energy storage system of any position described battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td point is started to work, when t is current
Between.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized by further comprising:
According to the temperature rise rate, the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position of the battery surface are obtained respectively
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein described by the temperature rise rate and preset temperature rise speed
Rate threshold value is compared, if the temperature rise rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, takes corresponding battery protection
Measure, comprising:
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point
Temperature rise rate is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
If the temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate first threshold and small
In second threshold, then the current operation power of the battery is reduced.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by further comprising:
If the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point
Temperature rise rate is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold, then maintains the current operation power of the battery.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by further comprising:
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point
Temperature rise rate is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
If the current temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate second threshold
And be less than third threshold value, then stop the operation of the battery, is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, further including；
By the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point
Temperature rise rate is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise speed；
If the temperature rise rate of any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate third threshold value, lead to
Know that fire-fighting system takes measures, is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein the battery energy storage system, comprising:
Lithium secondary battery energy-storage system, lead-acid battery energy-storage system, redox flow battery energy storage system.
11. the method according to claim 1, wherein further include:
It is used according to different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, the different charge and discharge systems of different batteries and battery
Varying environment temperature, preset different temperature rise rate threshold values.
12. a kind of protective device of the thermal runaway for battery energy storage system characterized by comprising
Initial value acquiring unit, for obtaining the electricity of the time of battery energy storage system start-up operation and the time of the start-up operation
The temperature of multiple positions of pool surface, using the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface of the time of the start-up operation as battery
The initial value of the temperature of multiple positions on surface；
Current value acquiring unit, it is fixed according to the pre-set interval time for the timing since the time of the start-up operation
When obtain battery surface multiple positions temperature, the temperature of the multiple positions for the battery surface that the last time is obtained is as electric
The current value of the temperature of multiple positions of pool surface；
Temperature rise speed computing unit, for according to the temperature of multiple positions of the battery surface current value and the battery table
The current value of the temperature of multiple positions of the initial value and battery surface of the temperature of multiple positions in face and the battery
The respective acquisition time of initial value of the temperature of multiple positions on surface obtains the battery table by temperature rise rate calculation formula
The temperature rise rate of multiple positions in face；
Comparing unit, for the temperature rise rate to be compared with preset temperature rise rate threshold value, if the temperature rise is fast
Rate is more than preset temperature rise rate threshold value, then takes corresponding battery protection measures.
13. device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the initial value acquiring unit, comprising:
Location point obtains subelement, for obtaining the time of the time and the start-up operation started to work in battery energy storage system
The temperature of the positive location point of battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point, respectively
It is denoted as Ta, Tb, Tc, Td.
14. device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the current value acquiring unit, comprising:
Timing definition subelement, for the time of the start-up operation to be denoted as t0；
Temperature obtains subelement, for obtaining the temperature of multiple positions of battery surface according to the pre-set interval time；
Temperature defines subelement, for will acquire interval time t in the temperature of battery surface Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, be denoted as respectively T1,
T2、T3、T4。
15. according to benefit require 12 described in device, which is characterized in that the temperature rise rate computing unit, comprising:
Formula defines subelement, for defining temperature rise speed calculation formula, Vt, n=(Tn-T0)/(t-t0).
16. according to benefit require 15 described in device, which is characterized in that the formula defines subelement, comprising:
Temperature rise speed obtains subelement, for according to the temperature rise rate, obtain respectively the battery surface positive location point,
The temperature rate of cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points and geometrical bottom location point.
17. according to benefit require 12 described in device, which is characterized in that the comparing unit, comprising:
First threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Power reduces unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise
Rate first threshold and be less than second threshold, then reduce the current operation power of the battery.
18. according to benefit require 17 described in device, which is characterized in that further include:
Power maintenance unit, if for the positive location point of the battery surface, cathode location point, geometry intermediate position points, with
And the temperature rise rate of geometrical bottom location point is less than preset temperature rise rate first threshold, then maintains the battery
Current operation power.
19. according to benefit require 17 described in device, which is characterized in that further include:
Second threshold comparing unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the threshold value of preset temperature rise rate；
Stop unit is run, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise
Rate second threshold and be less than third threshold value, then stop the operation of the battery, be simultaneously emitted by warning message.
20. according to benefit require 17 described in device, which is characterized in that further include:
Third threshold value comparison unit, for by the positive location point, cathode location point, geometry middle position of the battery surface
The temperature rise rate of point and geometrical bottom location point is compared with the third threshold value of preset temperature rise speed；
Fire fighting unit, if the temperature rise rate for any one location point of battery surface is more than preset temperature rise rate
Threshold value then notifies fire-fighting system to take measures, and is simultaneously emitted by warning message.
21. device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that further include:
Threshold setting unit, for the different charge and discharge according to different battery energy storage systems, different battery specifications, different batteries
The varying environment temperature that mode and battery use presets different temperature rise rate threshold values.
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