CN109356426B - Tuned mass damper - Google Patents

Tuned mass damper Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109356426B
CN109356426B CN201811390117.XA CN201811390117A CN109356426B CN 109356426 B CN109356426 B CN 109356426B CN 201811390117 A CN201811390117 A CN 201811390117A CN 109356426 B CN109356426 B CN 109356426B
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China
Prior art keywords
mounting plate
mass body
damper
winding
mass
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CN201811390117.XA
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CN109356426A (en
Inventor
张永涛
朱宏平
黄灿
沈文爱
刘修成
彭轶文
荀东亮
肖智中
朱浩
徐杰
王紫超
周仁忠
项梁
郑建新
翁方文
李�浩
陈飞翔
胡伟
曹高威
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Co
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Co
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Priority to CN201811390117.XA priority Critical patent/CN109356426B/en
Publication of CN109356426A publication Critical patent/CN109356426A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00Structural or constructional details of bridges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a tuned mass damper, wherein a mass body is in sliding connection with a primary mounting plate along an X direction, and the primary mounting plate is in sliding connection with a secondary mounting plate along a Y direction; the two-stage mounting plate is fixedly provided with a supporting frame at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body, or the two-stage mounting plate and the one-stage mounting plate are fixedly provided with supporting frames at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body; springs are arranged between the mass body and the four supporting frames; an adjustable damper is arranged between the mass body and at least one supporting frame in the X direction, and an adjustable damper is arranged between the mass body and at least one supporting frame in the Y direction; or an adjustable damper is arranged among the mass body, the primary mounting plate and the secondary mounting plate. By adopting the structure, the damping vibration attenuation in the X direction and the Y direction can be realized, the stress structure is good, and the harmful component force is small. Active adjustment of damping can be achieved by changing parameters. The method is particularly suitable for the fields of shock absorption and wind resistance and structural vibration control.

Description

Tuned mass damper
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of damping of engineering construction damper, in particular to a tuned mass damper with adjustable damping.
Background
Historically, in france there has been an incident of resonance causing bridge collapse when the army passes the bridge; in the united states, accidents occur due to bridge collapse because of the vibration of the tacoma strait bridge caused by hurricanes. Scientists have studied to invent vibration control techniques to reduce the adverse effects of structural vibrations. The vibration control technology can reduce the transmission rate of vibration; the structure vibration intensity can be weakened, and the noise can be reduced; the use of dampers or shock absorbers can transfer or dissipate structural vibration energy.
Among the techniques that have been used are TMD, TLD and MRD. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD), tuned Liquid Damper (TLD) magnetorheological fluid damper (MRD). The Tuning Mass Damper (TMD) has the main principle that larger mass is placed in an additional structure, certain rigidity and damping are added, and the structure frequency is reduced by adjusting the self-vibration frequency of the auxiliary structure so as to achieve the damping effect.
The shock absorbing performance and self mass of a traditional Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) are related to the mass ratio of a controlled structure, but are limited by factors such as installation space, and the design quality is often limited in a limited range. And when the swing working condition of the structural body occurs, the traditional Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) has poor vibration damping effect, and the expected vibration damping effect cannot be achieved. Chinese patent document CN203546936U describes a planar non-directional 360-degree TMD capable of achieving vibration damping effect in each direction of the plane, but this structure has the following problems:
1. in the structure, the mass difference between the X direction and the Y direction is large, and the vibration reduction effect is influenced.
2. The upper structure is different from the stress structure of the lower structure, and larger harmful component force is easy to generate in the vibration process, so that the device is overturned or the components are damaged.
3. The amplitude of the structure cannot be adjusted, and different working conditions are difficult to deal with.
4. The vibration reduction problem of swing working conditions cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tuned mass damper which can realize planar omnibearing inertial mass and damping vibration reduction simultaneously; in the preferred scheme, the damping is adjustable structure, and can overcome the problem that the traditional tuned mass damper is poor in damping effect when swinging the swing working condition.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tuned mass damper, a mass body and a primary mounting plate are connected in a sliding manner along an X direction, and the primary mounting plate and a secondary mounting plate are connected in a sliding manner along a Y direction;
the two-stage mounting plate is fixedly provided with a supporting frame at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body, or the two-stage mounting plate and the one-stage mounting plate are fixedly provided with supporting frames at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body;
springs are arranged between the mass body and the four supporting frames;
an adjustable damper is arranged between the mass body and at least one supporting frame in the X direction, and an adjustable damper is arranged between the mass body and at least one supporting frame in the Y direction;
or an adjustable damper is arranged among the mass body, the primary mounting plate and the secondary mounting plate.
In the preferred scheme, the mass body is in sliding connection with the primary mounting plate through an X-direction guide rail, and the primary mounting plate is in sliding connection with the secondary mounting plate through a Y-direction guide rail;
the spring is in a compression installation state;
the adjustable damper is of a damping adjustable structure.
In the preferred scheme, the adjustable damper is an electromagnetic damper, the inner cylinder is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder, a ball sleeve is arranged at the end of the inner cylinder, a motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the outer cylinder far away from the inner cylinder, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a threaded rod, the threaded rod is rotatably supported in the outer cylinder, and the threaded rod is in threaded connection with the ball sleeve;
the two ends of the adjustable damper are connected with the mass body and the supporting frame through universal hinge structures.
In a preferred scheme, the motor is a generator, and a current adjusting module is arranged at the output end of the generator.
In the preferred scheme, in the motor, a rotor is rotatably arranged in a stator, a first winding and a second winding are arranged on the stator, the first winding is used for generating electricity, and the second winding is used for exciting;
the rotor is a permanent magnet rotor or a winding excitation rotor.
In the preferred scheme, the output end of the first winding is connected with a rectifying module, the rectifying module is connected with an inversion module, and the inversion module is connected with the second winding;
the control module is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the inversion module;
the device is also provided with a measuring winding or a rotor angle sensor which is used for detecting the rotation angle of the rotor and is connected with the control module;
the first windings and the second windings are distributed in a staggered manner along the circumference;
or the first winding and the second winding are distributed along the axial direction.
In the preferred scheme, the adjustable damper is an eddy current damper, a plurality of permanent magnets and/or electromagnets are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mass body, and a plurality of permanent magnets and/or electromagnets are fixedly arranged at the top of the secondary mounting plate;
the first-stage mounting plate is made of copper.
In the preferred scheme, a damping block mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the secondary mounting plate at positions corresponding to four sides of the mass body, an elastic damping block is arranged on the damping block mounting frame, and an impact block is arranged at the corresponding position of the mass body;
the elastic damping block is HDR high damping rubber.
In the preferred scheme, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the secondary mounting plate so that the mounting distance between the damping block mounting frame and the mass body can be adjusted;
the installation distance between the support frame and the mass body is adjustable.
In the preferred scheme, a wireless receiving device is also arranged and is electrically connected with the adjustable damper.
According to the tuned mass damper, by adopting the structure, damping vibration attenuation in the X direction and the Y direction can be realized, the stress structure is good, and the harmful component force is small. In the preferred scheme, the damping on-line active adjustment can be realized by changing the control parameters, so that the vibration energy can be better absorbed, the influence of the vibration on the structure is reduced, and the vibration reduction effect is further improved. The elastic collision vibration reduction structure can effectively limit the amplitude of the mass body and solve the problem of swing working conditions. The invention can reduce the transmission rate of vibration by adopting a vibration control technology; the structure vibration intensity can be weakened, and the noise can be reduced; the damper or the absorber can transfer or consume the structural vibration energy, has obvious technical advantages, and is particularly suitable for the fields of vibration absorption and wind resistance and structural vibration control.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable damper according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a structure employing an eddy current damper according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when applied to a practical construct.
In the figure: spring 1, mass 2, adjustable damper 3, inner tube 31, ball sleeve 32, outer tube 33, threaded rod 34, motor 35, stator 351, rotor 352, first winding 353, second winding 354, measuring winding 355, rectifying module 356, control module 357, inverting module 358, support frame 4, collision mass 5, elastic damping mass 6, y-guide 7, x-guide 8, damping mass mounting 9, primary mounting plate 10, secondary mounting plate 11, permanent magnet 12,
an electromagnet 13, a wireless receiving device 14 and an acceleration sensor 15.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, in a tuned mass damper, a mass body 2 is slidably connected with a primary mounting plate 10 along an X direction, and the primary mounting plate 10 is slidably connected with a secondary mounting plate 11 along a Y direction;
the two-stage mounting plate 11 is fixedly provided with the supporting frames 4 at positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body 2, or the two-stage mounting plate 11 and the one-stage mounting plate 10 are fixedly provided with the supporting frames 4 at positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body 2; namely, there are two connection modes, one is that four supporting frames 4 are all arranged on the secondary mounting plate 11. Secondly, the support frame 4 in the X direction is arranged on the primary mounting plate 10, and the support frame 4 in the Y direction is arranged on the secondary mounting plate 11, so that the structure is convenient for the installation and the work of the X-direction adjustable damper 3, and therefore, when the maximum swing direction of the building exists, the X direction is overlapped with the maximum swing direction of the building during the installation.
Springs 1 are arranged between the mass body 2 and the four supporting frames 4;
an adjustable damper 3 is arranged between the mass body 2 and at least one supporting frame 4 in the X direction, and the adjustable damper 3 is arranged between the mass body 2 and at least one supporting frame 4 in the Y direction;
or an adjustable damper 3 is arranged among the mass body 2, the primary mounting plate 10 and the secondary mounting plate 11. Here, there are two mounting methods, one is to mount an adjustable damper between the mass body 2 and the support frame 4. The other is to mount the adjustable damper 3 between the mass body 2, the primary mounting plate 10 and the secondary mounting plate 11.
By the structural improvement, vibration reduction in the X direction and the Y direction is realized, the stress structure is good, and the risk of overturning the mass body 2 does not exist. And four support frames 4 are all installed on the second-stage mounting plate 11, so that the vibration masses in the X direction and the Y direction are approximately the same, and the vibration reduction effect is improved. Or have an optimal damping direction that can be adapted to the situation where the maximum oscillation direction of the construct is present.
In the preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1-3, the mass body 2 is in sliding connection with the primary mounting plate 10 through the X-shaped guide rail 8, and the primary mounting plate 10 is in sliding connection with the secondary mounting plate 11 through the Y-shaped guide rail 7;
preferably, the spring 1 is in a compression installation state; further preferably, the spring 1 is in a 50% compressed state, the spring 1 providing a restoring force to maintain the mass 2 in an initial position.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the adjustable damper 3 has a damping adjustable structure. The optimal vibration reduction effect is achieved by adjusting the damping.
In fig. 1 to 3, preferably, the adjustable damper 3 is an electromagnetic damper, the inner cylinder 31 is slidably connected with the outer cylinder 33, a ball sleeve 32 is arranged at the end of the inner cylinder 31, a motor 35 is fixedly arranged at one end of the outer cylinder 33 far away from the inner cylinder 31, an output shaft of the motor 35 is fixedly connected with a threaded rod 34, the threaded rod 34 is rotatably supported in the outer cylinder 33, and the threaded rod 34 is in threaded connection with the ball sleeve 32; with this structure, the inner tube 31 reciprocates in the outer tube 33 as the mass body 2 swings, the ball sleeve 32 drives the threaded rod 34 to rotate, the threaded rod 34 drives the rotor of the motor 35 to rotate, and a damping force is generated by the motor 35.
The two ends of the adjustable damper 3 are connected with the mass body 2 and the supporting frame 4 through universal hinge structures.
In a preferred embodiment, the motor 35 is a generator, and a current adjusting module is disposed at an output end of the generator. As the rotor of the motor 35 rotates, an induced electromotive force is generated in the stator of the motor 35 in accordance with the rotation of the motor, and this induced electromotive force generates a current in the stator, and if the current in the motor is allowed to be large, a torque opposite to the rotation direction is generated in the motor to be large, and if the current in the motor is limited to be small, a torque opposite to the rotation direction is generated in the motor to be small, so that the provided current adjustment module can adjust the magnitude of damping. In a specific scheme, the output end of the generator is connected with a rectifying module, the rectifying module is preferably a bridge rectifying module, the rectifying module is connected with a current control module, a divider resistor is arranged in the current control module, the divider resistor generates grid voltage of the field effect transistor, and current between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor is controlled through the grid voltage. The scheme has the advantages that an external power supply is not needed, passive vibration reduction can be realized, and the optimal vibration reduction effect cannot be achieved through adjustment. Preferably, the voltage dividing resistor is an adjustable resistor.
In the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the motor 35, a rotor 352 is rotatably mounted in a stator 351, and a first winding 353 and a second winding 354 are provided in the stator 351, wherein the first winding 353 is used for generating electricity, and the second winding 354 is used for exciting; by this scheme, the size of the exciting current of the second winding 354 is adjusted, so that the reverse torque can be adjusted, and the damping size can be actively adjusted. The power source for the second winding 354 is preferably current from the first winding 353, but may be an externally applied current.
The rotor is a permanent magnet rotor or a winding excitation rotor. In the embodiment, a permanent magnet rotor is preferably adopted, and the structure is simpler. To obtain a larger adjustable range, winding exciting rotors may also be used.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the output end of the first winding 353 is connected with the rectifying module 356, the rectifying module 356 is connected with the inverting module 358, and the inverting module 358 is connected with the second winding 354;
the control module 357 is electrically connected to the gate of the inverter module 358; the control module 357 is internally provided with a CPU, and the magnitude of the reverse torque generated by the second winding 354 is adjusted by outputting currents with different duty ratios, so that the damping magnitude of the adjustable damper 3 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 5, a measuring winding 355 or a rotor angle sensor is further provided for detecting the rotation angle of the rotor 352, and the measuring winding 355 or the rotor angle sensor is connected with a control module 357; with this structure, accurate adjustment of damping is realized. Preferably, in the acceleration sensor 15 provided in the construction, the acceleration sensor 15 is electrically connected with the control module 357 after signal processing, such as rectification and filtering, and the control module 357 can dynamically adjust the damping of the adjustable damper 3 on line according to vibration data of the construction, so as to adjust the amplitude and the vibration frequency of the mass body 2, thereby achieving the best vibration reduction effect.
The first windings 353 and the second windings 354 are circumferentially staggered;
or the first winding 353 and the second winding 354 are axially distributed. This structure is adopted in this example.
In the preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 7, in order to facilitate the observation, the structure of the guide rail is hidden in the figure, the adjustable damper 3 is an eddy current damper, the bottom of the mass body 2 is fixedly provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 12 and/or electromagnets 13, and the top of the secondary mounting plate 11 is fixedly provided with a plurality of permanent magnets 12 and/or electromagnets 13;
the primary mounting plate 10 is made of copper. According to Lenz's law, the structure vibrates, the mass body 2 swings with it, the first-stage mounting plate 10 swings with it under partial scenes, the relative motion between the mass body 2 and the first-stage mounting plate 10, and the relative motion between the second-stage mounting plate 11 and the first-stage mounting plate 10, so that the first-stage mounting plate 10 cuts the magnetic force lines formed by the permanent magnets 12 and the electromagnets 13, thereby generating eddy currents on the copper first-stage mounting plate 10, and generating resistance opposite to the motion direction, and realizing the damping effect. By adjusting the current level of the electromagnet 13, this resistance is adjustable and enables on-line adjustment without downtime. In a preferred embodiment, a combination of permanent magnet 12 and electromagnet 13 is preferred, with permanent magnet 12 providing the base resistance and electromagnet 13 providing the additional resistance as needed.
In the preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1-3, damping block mounting frames 9 are fixedly arranged on the secondary mounting plates 11 at positions corresponding to four sides of the mass body 2, elastic damping blocks 6 are arranged on the damping block mounting frames 9, and collision blocks 5 are arranged at corresponding positions of the mass body 2; with this structure, the vibration damping effect can be further improved by the collision of the impact block 5 with the elastic damping block 6. Preferably, the elastic damping block 6 adopts HDR high damping rubber to solve the swing phenomenon. Preferably, the elastic damping block 6 is HDR high damping rubber.
In the preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 1-3, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in a secondary mounting plate 11 so that the mounting distance between a damping block mounting frame 9 and a mass body 2 is adjustable; with this structure, it is convenient to adjust the optimal collision distance. The elastic damping block 6 is arranged at a position slightly lower than the high point of the amplitude of the mass body 2, so that the effect of chopping is achieved, and the swing working condition is overcome.
The installation distance between the support frame 4 and the mass body 2 is adjustable to adjust the reference vibration frequency of the mass body 2.
As shown in fig. 7, a wireless receiving device 14 is further provided, and the wireless receiving device 14 is electrically connected with the adjustable damper 3. With the structure, the damping remote on-line adjustment is convenient to realize. To further cope with irregular vibration and to improve vibration damping effect.
The foregoing embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without collision. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and the protection scope includes equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A tuned mass damper, characterized by: the mass body (2) is in sliding connection with the primary mounting plate (10) along the X direction, and the primary mounting plate (10) is in sliding connection with the secondary mounting plate (11) along the Y direction;
the two-stage mounting plate (11) is fixedly provided with a supporting frame (4) at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body (2), or the two-stage mounting plate (11) and the one-stage mounting plate (10) are fixedly provided with the supporting frame (4) at the positions corresponding to the four sides of the mass body (2);
springs (1) are arranged between the mass body (2) and the four supporting frames (4);
an adjustable damper (3) is arranged between the mass body (2) and at least one supporting frame (4) in the X direction, and the adjustable damper (3) is arranged between the mass body (2) and at least one supporting frame (4) in the Y direction;
the mass body (2) is in sliding connection with the primary mounting plate (10) through the X-shaped guide rail (8), and the primary mounting plate (10) is in sliding connection with the secondary mounting plate (11) through the Y-shaped guide rail (7);
the spring (1) is in a compression installation state;
the adjustable damper (3) is of a damping adjustable structure;
the adjustable damper (3) is an electromagnetic damper, the inner cylinder (31) is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder (33), a ball sleeve (32) is arranged at the end of the inner cylinder (31), a motor (35) is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the inner cylinder (31), of the outer cylinder (33), an output shaft of the motor (35) is fixedly connected with a threaded rod (34), the threaded rod (34) is rotatably supported in the outer cylinder (33), and the threaded rod (34) is in threaded connection with the ball sleeve (32);
two ends of the adjustable damper (3) are connected with the mass body (2) and the support frame (4) through universal hinge structures;
the motor (35) is a generator, and a current adjusting module is arranged at the output end of the generator.
2. A tuned mass damper as in claim 1, wherein: in the motor (35), a rotor (352) is rotatably arranged in a stator (351), a first winding (353) and a second winding (354) are arranged on the stator (351), the first winding (353) is used for generating electricity, and the second winding (354) is used for exciting;
the rotor is a permanent magnet rotor or a winding excitation rotor.
3. A tuned mass damper as in claim 2, wherein: the output end of the first winding (353) is connected with a rectification module (356), the rectification module (356) is connected with an inversion module (358), and the inversion module (358) is connected with the second winding (354);
the control module (357) is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the inversion module (358);
the motor is also provided with a measuring winding (355) or a rotor angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the rotor (352), and the measuring winding (355) or the rotor angle sensor is connected with a control module (357);
the first windings (353) and the second windings (354) are circumferentially staggered;
or the first winding (353) and the second winding (354) are distributed in the axial direction.
4. A tuned mass damper as in claim 1, wherein: damping block mounting frames (9) are fixedly arranged at positions corresponding to four sides of the mass body (2) on the secondary mounting plate (11), elastic damping blocks (6) are arranged on the damping block mounting frames (9), and collision blocks (5) are arranged at corresponding positions of the mass body (2);
the elastic damping block (6) is HDR high damping rubber.
5. A tuned mass damper as in claim 4, wherein: a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the secondary mounting plate (11) so that the mounting distance between the damping block mounting frame (9) and the mass body (2) can be adjusted;
the installation distance between the support frame (4) and the mass body (2) is adjustable.
6. A tuned mass damper as in claim 1, wherein: the device is also provided with a wireless receiving device (14), and the wireless receiving device (14) is electrically connected with the adjustable damper (3).
CN201811390117.XA 2018-11-21 2018-11-21 Tuned mass damper Active CN109356426B (en)

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CN112160437B (en) * 2020-09-11 2024-06-28 广州大学 Bidirectional electric vortex nonlinear energy trap vibration damper
CN112252506B (en) * 2020-10-10 2024-05-31 广州大学 Multistage eddy current tuning mass damper
CN112377559B (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-09-07 湖南省潇振工程科技有限公司 Magnetic suspension sliding rail type eddy current tuned mass damper

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