CN109354525B - Mineral compound fertilizer for desert succulent xerophyte and application thereof - Google Patents
Mineral compound fertilizer for desert succulent xerophyte and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109354525B CN109354525B CN201811514620.1A CN201811514620A CN109354525B CN 109354525 B CN109354525 B CN 109354525B CN 201811514620 A CN201811514620 A CN 201811514620A CN 109354525 B CN109354525 B CN 109354525B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 63
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008723 osmotic stress Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008641 drought stress Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002413 ferric citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer, which consists of sodium chloride, ammonium nitrate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium silicate, and also provides application of the desert succulent xerophyte compound fertilizer, which is applied to soil directly applied to desert areas, wherein the fertilizing amount is 157.2 kg/mu-210.9 kg/mu; when the fertilizer is applied to soil culture seedling, the mass ratio of the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer to soil is (0.95 g-1.275 g): 1 kg; when the fertilizer is applied to sand culture seedling or water culture seedling, the fertilizing amount is 9.5 g/L-12.75 g/L. The mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte is popularized and applied in desert regions, is used for cultivating strong drought-resistant seedlings in the desert regions, rejuvenating and updating degenerated desert vegetation, promoting the growth of the degenerated vegetation in the desert regions, protecting and improving ecological environment, opening up new research prospects for exploring the drought resistance way of the desert plants in the arid desert regions, improving soil structures, improving soil fertility, promoting the growth of the desert succulent xerophyte and increasing the drought resistance of the desert succulent xerophyte.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral compound fertilizers, and particularly relates to a desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer and application thereof.
Background
Drought is one of the most serious ecological environmental problems facing mankind. According to statistics, the land area of the world arid and semiarid regions occupies one third of the global land area, and the arid and semiarid regions in China occupy about 50% of the national soil area; particularly, in northwest regions with fragile ecological environment in China, desertification (sand) is particularly serious due to extreme drought and little rain, and the desert is one of the most serious countries in the world. In the face of the continuous degradation of natural ecosystem caused by drought in the global scope, scientists in various countries try to suppress the serious environmental problem of land desertification by promoting the growth of desert succulent plants and enhancing the drought resistance adaptability, but no effective method has been found so far. Therefore, how to maintain the functions of the ecosystem in the arid region and accelerate the recovery process of the degraded ecosystem in the arid region is a scientific problem to be solved urgently at present.
Areas with serious wind and sand disasters in China are mostly distributed in arid desert areas, the areas are characterized by poor precipitation and large variation, the evapotranspiration amount of the areas is 210 times of the precipitation amount generally, and water resources are very deficient. The desert xerophyte is an important resource plant in the arid region in the northwest of China, integrates the functions of wind prevention and sand fixation, water and soil conservation, excellent pasture and traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the like, and plays an extremely important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the arid desert region in China, promoting the ecological construction and economic development of the arid region and the like. However, the natural conditions in the desert area are continuously worsened due to global climate change, and the underground water level is reduced due to the wild Chinese medicinal materials which are excessively grazed and abused by human activities and unreasonable utilization of water resources, so that the important resource plants are gradually degenerated and died, and the desert spreading speed is accelerated. The problems of gradual decline and difficult rejuvenation and updating of desert plants have attracted extensive attention in the academic world, the updating problem gradually becomes a main factor for restricting the desert plants from developing ecological benefits, and how to ensure the rejuvenation and updating of desert vegetation through practical artificial measures under limited rainfall becomes very important. However, desert xerophytes widely distributed in northwest arid regions of China gradually evolve a unique adaptive mechanism in the long-term natural selection and adaptive evolution process, and have super-strong drought resistance and good adaptability to desert habitat.
In recent years, researches show that mineral nutrition plays an important role in drought resistance of desert succulent plants. For the succulent xerophytes, the succulent xerophytes can remove the Na accumulation+Can be used as effective osmosis regulator and can accumulate Ca2+Si to resist drought environment, and the succulent xerophytes have drought-resistant adaptability characteristic mainly based on accumulated ions, and absorb and accumulate Na in large quantity+、Ca2+Si and a proper amount of organic solute are important strategies for resisting drought habitat of the succulent plants, and the contribution of Si accumulation to drought resistance of the succulent drought plants and Mg2+Approximately equivalent, the succulent xerophytes have high accumulation of nitrogen (N) but low accumulation of phosphorus (P), show the important adaptability characteristic of rejecting P by accumulating a large amount of N, have low demand on phosphorus and inhibit the succulent xerophytes when the phosphorus concentration is 2mmol/LThe low-concentration phosphorus can meet the growth requirement of the desert succulent xerophyte.
In arid desert regions, mineral nutrition which can be absorbed and utilized by plants is very deficient. The above research reports on mineral nutrition show that mineral nutrition absorption of desert plants is helpful for enhancing drought resistance adaptability of desert plants. Investigators added Na+Si, N and P are taken as fertilizers to research the coupling effect of the 4 mineral nutrients, and develop a sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) capable of enhancing the drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants, so that the sodium compound fertilizer plays an important role in ecological restoration of degraded vegetation in desert regions, and although the research, application and popularization of the fertilizer have achieved certain effect in the drought resistance of the multi-pulp plants, the following problems exist: the adaptive characteristic that the multi-pulp plants accumulate a large amount of N and reject P is achieved, which indicates that the multi-pulp plants absorb and utilize less P, and the unreasonable effect exists when a large amount of mineral element P is added into a fertilizer formula; ② Ca is deficient in the fertilizer2+、Mg2+And by using the same important mineral elements, the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is not maximized in the aspects of enhancing the drought resistance of plants and improving the soil fertility.
In arid desert regions, mineral nutrition which can be absorbed and utilized by plants is very deficient, and the absorption of mineral nutrition by the plants in the desert and the pulp is helpful for enhancing the drought resistance adaptability of the plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a mineral compound fertilizer for desert succulent xerophyte and application thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following components, by weight, 10-80 parts of sodium chloride, 5-25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10-80 parts of calcium chloride, 10-80 parts of magnesium chloride and 5-15 parts of sodium silicate.
Preferably, the material is prepared from the following components, by weight, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of calcium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride and 10 parts of sodium silicate.
Preferably, the material is prepared from the following components, by weight, 40 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 60 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of magnesium chloride and 7.5 parts of sodium silicate.
The two preferable components of the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer are obtained by orthogonal tests, the orthogonal tests shown in table 1 are designed to be 5-factor 5 level, minerals of the desert succulent xerophyte are applied to soil, seeds of the succulent xerophyte overlord pregermination are sown and cultured, when the growing period of the overlord is finished, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord are measured in the middle of September, and two preferable components are screened out.
TABLE 1 orthogonal experimental design for optimized fertilizer development of multi-pulp xerophyte overlord
The invention also provides the application of the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte, which comprises the following steps:
when the fertilizer is directly applied to the soil in the desert area, the fertilizing amount of the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte is 157.2 kg/mu to 210.9 kg/mu, and the fertilizer is applied once before seedling raising or once when the water content of the soil is 30 percent of the maximum water holding capacity in the field and the plant grows to 10cm to 15cm high.
When the fertilizer is applied to soil culture and seedling of desert succulent plants, the fertilizer is characterized in that when soil culture and seedling are carried out, the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is directly applied to soil or is added with water and then is applied to the soil, and the mass ratio of the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer to the soil is (0.95 g-1.275 g): 1 kg; fertilizing once before seedling raising and fertilizing once when the soil water content is 30% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field and the plant grows to 10 cm-15 cm high, wherein the fertilizing amount is 1/2 of the total fertilizing amount each time.
The fertilizer application amount of the mineral compound fertilizer of the desert succulent xerophyte is 9.5g/L to 12.75g/L when the desert succulent plant is used for sand culture seedling or water culture seedling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. aiming at the problems of poor drought resistance adaptability, slow rejuvenation and updating and the like of desert plants caused by rare rainfall and water resource shortage in the arid desert region, the desert succulent arid plant mineral compound fertilizer solves the problems of low survival rate of plant afforestation and slow rejuvenation and updating in the arid desert region, is popularized and applied in the desert region, is used for cultivating strong drought-resistant seedlings in the desert region, rejuvenating and updating degraded desert vegetation, promoting the growth of the degraded vegetation in the desert region, protecting and improving ecological environment and opening up a new research prospect for exploring the drought resistance way of the desert plants in the arid desert region.
2. The mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte not only improves the soil structure and the soil fertility, supplements the N and Si nutrient elements which are lacked in the soil of the arid and semiarid regions, but also ensures that the desert succulent xerophyte obtains enough Na from the soil+、Ca2+And Mg2+Meet the growth requirement, and adding Na+、Ca2+And Mg2+The fertilizer is regionalized into plant vacuoles, the osmotic potential of the plants is reduced, the drought resistance of the desert succulent xerophyte is increased, the succulent plants absorb and utilize less P, and the growth of the desert succulent xerophyte is inhibited when the phosphorus concentration is 2mmol/L, so that the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is not added with P.
3. The mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte can promote the growth of the desert succulent xerophyte and increase the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the desert succulent xerophyte.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of calcium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride and 10 parts of sodium silicate.
The mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte is used for water culture seedling raising of the desert succulent plant, and the test method comprises the following steps: dissolving the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp xerophyte in the embodiment into Hoagland nutrient solution, which is named as compound fertilizer nutrient solution, wherein the concentration of the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp xerophyte in the compound fertilizer nutrient solution is 9.5 g/L; the Hoagland nutrient solution comprises the following components: 2mmol/LKNO3、0.5mmol/LNH4H2PO4、0.25mmol/LMgSO4·7H2O、0.1mmol/L Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.5mmol/L ferric citrate, 92 mu mol/LH3BO3、18μmol/LMnCl2.4H2O、1.6μmol/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.6μmol/LCuSO4·5H2O and 0.7. mu. mol/L (NH)4)6Mo7O24·4H2O。
Placing the culture box filled with the vermiculite in a tray, wherein holes are formed in the bottom of the culture box, the tray is filled with Hoagland nutrient solution, the Hoagland nutrient solution penetrates upwards through the holes in the bottom of the culture box, the vermiculite is wetted, after the vermiculite is fully wetted, seeds for accelerating germination of the overlord are uniformly sown in the culture box, and the culture box is placed in a greenhouse to grow for 4 weeks, so that overlord seedlings are obtained; the greenhouse conditions were: day and night temperature is (28 + -2) ° C/23 + -2 deg.C, illumination time is 16h/d, and light intensity is about 600 μmol/m2S, relative humidity of 60% -80%; dividing the overlord seedlings into 3 blocks, treating the 3 blocks with Hoagland nutrient solution (contrast 1), sodium compound fertilizer Hoagland nutrient solution (contrast 2) and compound fertilizer nutrient solution (treatment 1) for 5 days respectively, dividing the 3 blocks into 3 groups respectively, wherein each group has 5 repeated groups, adjusting the osmotic potential of the 3 groups to 0MPa, -0.5MPa and-1.0 MPa respectively with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), replacing the PEG6000 once a day to maintain the osmotic potential constant, and measuring the growth index of overlord after 5 days.
The sodium compound fertilizer in the sodium compound fertilizer Hoagland nutrient solution of the contrast 2 is a component of the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art: the components are dissolved into the Hoagland nutrient solution according to the ratio of 21:6:73 to obtain a Hoagland nutrient solution of a sodium compound fertilizer, wherein the concentration of the sodium compound fertilizer is 12.75 g/L.
The desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer can also be used for sand culture seedling of desert succulent plants.
TABLE 20 MPa osmotic potential influence on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 2, the mineral compound fertilizer for desert succulent xerophyte of this example significantly promoted the growth of Bawang compared to control 1 and control 2 under the osmotic potential of 0MPa, i.e., without suffering from drought stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 25.4%, 34.1%, 16.8% and 56.7%, respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 11.3%, 14.0%, 10.6% and 19.8%, respectively, compared to control 2.
TABLE 3-0.5 MPa osmotic potential influence on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 3, under an osmotic stress of-0.5 MPa, compared with the control 1 and the control 2, the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte of the embodiment obviously promotes the growth of overlord and reduces the damage to the overlord caused by the osmotic stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 23.2%, 30.2%, 22.1% and 69.1% respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 2 were increased by 14.3%, 9.6%, 10.2% and 26.5% respectively, compared to control 2.
TABLE 4-1.0 MPa osmotic potential effects on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 4, under-1.0 MPa osmotic stress, compared with control 1 and control 2, the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer of the embodiment obviously promotes the growth of Bawang and reduces the damage to Bawang caused by osmotic stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 23.5%, 28.9%, 25.0% and 67.7%, respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 2 were increased by 12.0%, 12.6%, 9.5% and 27.9%, respectively, compared to control 2.
The test result shows that compared with the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art, the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp drought plants of the embodiment has the advantages that the survival rate of the overlord plant of the desert multi-pulp drought plants is obviously improved, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord plant are increased, and the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp drought plants of the embodiment is more excellent in promoting the growth of the desert multi-pulp drought plants.
Example 2
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 60 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of magnesium chloride and 7.5 parts of sodium silicate.
The test method is the same as that of example 1, 2 blocks in the example are respectively treated with Hoagland nutrient solution (namely, control 1 in example 1), sodium compound fertilizer Hoagland nutrient solution (namely, control 2 in example 1) and compound fertilizer nutrient solution (treatment 2), and the concentration of the mineral compound fertilizer of the desert succulent xerophyte in the compound fertilizer nutrient solution is 12.75 g/L.
TABLE 50 MPa osmotic potential influence on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 5, the mineral compound fertilizer for desert succulent xerophyte of this example significantly promoted the growth of Bawang compared to control 1 and control 2 under the osmotic potential of 0MPa, i.e., without suffering from drought stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 28.2%, 40.7%, 18.9% and 68.5%, respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 2 were increased by 13.8%, 19.6%, 12.6% and 28.9%, respectively, compared to control 2.
TABLE 6-0.5 MPa osmotic potential influence on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 6, under an osmotic stress of-0.5 MPa, compared with the control 1 and the control 2, the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte of the embodiment obviously promotes the growth of overlord and reduces the damage to the overlord caused by the osmotic stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 27.5%, 38.4%, 24.4% and 80.0%, respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 2 were increased by 14.3%, 21.4%, 11.6% and 34.7%, respectively, compared to control 2.
TABLE 7-1.0 MPa osmotic potential effects on growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b and c are expressed as the significance of the difference at the p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 7, under-1.0 MPa osmotic stress, compared with control 1 and control 2, the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer of the embodiment obviously promotes the growth of Bawang and reduces the damage to Bawang caused by osmotic stress. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 1 were increased by 26.5%, 37.3%, 30.8% and 75.3%, respectively, compared to control 1, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 2 were increased by 14.7%, 20.0%, 14.6% and 33.6%, respectively, compared to control 2.
Example 3
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of calcium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride and 10 parts of sodium silicate.
The test method comprises the following steps: loading soil into a flowerpot, measuring the maximum field water capacity of the soil, uniformly sowing seeds of prohibiting bugs after germination in the flowerpot when the water content of the soil is 70% of the maximum field water capacity, covering sandy soil, wherein the thickness of the sandy soil is about 1.0cm, after 1 week of emergence of the prohibitions, watering for 1 time every other week, monitoring the change of the water content of the soil by using a platform scale every 3d, maintaining the water content of the soil in the flowerpot to about 70% of the field water capacity, thinning the seedlings when the plant grows to about 10cm, keeping 5 plants of the prohibitions seedlings with consistent growth in each pot, dividing the prohibitions in the pot into 4 groups, and respectively comprising the following steps: control 3 (no fertilization + drought treatment), control 4 (no fertilization + 70% field moisture), control 5 (sodium compound fertilizer application + drought treatment) and treatment 3 (mineral compound fertilizer application + drought treatment), each major component was 4 subgroups as replicates, 5 pots per subgroup; the soil is in the habitat of the xerophyte Bawang which is naturally distributed around the research station of the Linze inland river basin of the Chinese academy of sciences;
the sodium compound fertilizer of the contrast 5 is the component of the drought-resistant sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) of the multi-pulp drought-resistant plants in the prior art: sodium nitrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate, wherein the ratio of the components is 21:6: 73.
The drought treatment method comprises the following steps: and (3) regularly irrigating for 20d to ensure that the water content of the soil in the pot is maintained to be about 70% of the field water capacity, then stopping watering to induce drought stress, keeping the water content of the soil unchanged when the water content of the soil is reduced to 30% of the maximum field water capacity (experimental design soil water content), calculating the actual water demand of each treatment according to the difference value between the experimental design soil water content and the actual soil water content, and irrigating the required water volume of each group in dusk or early morning to ensure that the water content of each group of soil is kept at the experimental design soil water content. In order to reduce the influence of possible environmental factors in the desert area on the experimental result to the maximum extent, each group randomly assigns different positions every 2 weeks, and measures related growth and soil nutrient indexes after the growth period of Bawang is finished;
the fertilizing methods of the sodium compound fertilizer and the mineral compound fertilizer are as follows: the mass ratio of the total fertilizing amount to the soil is 0.95 g: 1kg, evenly applying the fertilizer to the soil of the desert multi-pulp plants twice, applying the fertilizer to the soil before seedling culture for the first fertilization time, uniformly mixing, putting into a flowerpot, dissolving the fertilizer in water with equal quality when the water content of the soil is 30% of the maximum water capacity in the field and the overlord plants grow to 10-15 cm high, and then applying to the soil.
TABLE 8 Effect of mineral Compound fertilizers on the growth of Bawang and its drought resistance
Note: a. b, c and d are expressed as differential significance at a p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 8, treatment 3 significantly promoted the growth of Bawang and enhanced its drought resistance after drought stress as compared to controls 3, 4 and 5. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 3 were increased by 46.6%, 74.1%, 101.0% and 14.7% respectively, compared to control 3, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 3 were increased by 13.7%, 28.1%, 35.9% and 55.0% respectively, compared to control 4, and the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 3 were increased by 10.3%, 24.6%, 19.9% and 10.5% respectively, compared to control 5.
The test result shows that compared with the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art, the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp drought plants of the embodiment has the advantages that the survival rate of the overlord plant of the desert multi-pulp drought plants is obviously improved, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord plant are increased, and the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp drought plants of the embodiment is more excellent in promoting the growth of the desert multi-pulp drought plants.
Influence of surface 9 mineral compound fertilizer on fertility of overlord seedling culture soil
As can be seen from table 9, after drought stress, the contents of available sodium, available nitrogen, available calcium, available magnesium and available silicon in the overlord seedling soil of treatment 3 were significantly increased and the soil fertility was significantly enhanced, as compared with control 3, control 4 and control 5.
The test result shows that compared with the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art, the available sodium, available nitrogen, available calcium, available magnesium and available silicon in the soil are all obviously improved, and the multi-pulp plants absorb less phosphorus, so that the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert multi-pulp drought plants in the embodiment does not add phosphorus, supplements calcium and magnesium required by the drought resistance growth of the multi-pulp drought plants, obviously improves the available calcium and available magnesium in the soil, can improve the soil structure and improve the soil fertility.
Example 4
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 60 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of magnesium chloride and 7.5 parts of sodium silicate.
The test method is the same as that of example 3, in the example, the potted overlord is divided into 3 groups, and the groups are as follows: control 3 (namely control 3 in example 3), control 4 (namely control 4 in example 3), control 5 (namely control 5 in example 3) and treatment 4 (mineral compound fertilizer application + drought treatment), wherein the ratio of the total fertilizing amount of the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer to the soil mass of the treatment 4 is 1.275 g: 1 kg.
TABLE 10 influence of mineral Compound fertilizers on the growth and drought resistance of Bawang
Note: a. b, c and d are expressed as differential significance 8 at a p <0.05 level.
As can be seen from Table 10, treatment 3 significantly promoted the growth of Bawang and enhanced its drought resistance after drought stress as compared to controls 3, 4 and 5. The plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 3 were increased by 51.0%, 75.3%, 97.7% and 17.1% respectively, compared to control 3, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 4 were increased by 17.1%, 29.0%, 33.8% and 58.2% respectively, compared to control 5, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord of treatment 4 were increased by 13.7%, 25.5%, 18.8% and 12.8% respectively.
Influence of surface 11 mineral compound fertilizer on fertility of overlord seedling raising soil
As can be seen from table 11, after drought stress, the contents of available sodium, available nitrogen, available calcium, available magnesium and available silicon in the overlord seedling soil of treatment 4 were significantly increased, and the soil fertility was significantly enhanced, as compared to control 3, control 4 and control 5.
Example 5
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 80 parts of magnesium chloride and 5 parts of sodium silicate.
In this embodiment, sodium compound fertilizer and non-fertilized overlord are selected as control groups, respectively, and desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is selected as a treatment group, and the fertilizing methods of the sodium compound fertilizer and desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer are as follows: when the water content of the soil is 30% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field and the overlord plant grows to 10-15 cm high, the soil is directly applied to the soil in the desert area, the fertilizing amount is 157.2 kg/mu, when the growing period of the overlord is finished and the investigation is performed in the middle ten 9 months, the survival rate of the overlord applied with the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is 85.1%, the survival rate of the control group applied with the sodium compound fertilizer is 74.4%, and the activity rate of the control group not applied with the sodium compound fertilizer is only 57.1%.
The sodium compound fertilizer is a component of the drought-resistant sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) of multi-pulp drought-resistant plants in the prior art: sodium nitrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate, wherein the ratio of the components is 21:6: 73.
Compared with the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art, the mineral compound fertilizer for the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert has the advantages that the survival rate of the overlord of the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert is obviously improved, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord are increased, and the mineral compound fertilizer for the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert is more excellent in promoting the growth of the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert.
Example 6
The desert succulent upland plant mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium chloride, 25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 40 parts of calcium chloride, 45 parts of magnesium chloride and 15 parts of sodium silicate.
In this embodiment, sodium compound fertilizer and non-fertilized overlord are selected as control groups, respectively, and desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is selected as a treatment group, and the fertilizing methods of the sodium compound fertilizer and desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer are as follows: directly applying the fertilizer into soil in a desert area before seedling culture, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 210.9 kg/mu, selecting the overlord applied with a sodium compound fertilizer and the overlord not applied with the fertilizer as a control group, and when the growth period of the overlord is finished and the investigation is carried out in 9 middle days, the survival rate of the overlord applied with the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is 86.2 percent, the survival rate of the control group applied with the sodium compound fertilizer is 73.1 percent, and the survival rate of the control group not applied with the fertilizer is only 58.7 percent.
The sodium compound fertilizer is a component of the drought-resistant sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) of multi-pulp drought-resistant plants in the prior art: sodium nitrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium silicate, wherein the ratio of the components is 21:6: 73.
Compared with the sodium compound fertilizer (patent number: 2007100188400) with drought resistance of the multi-pulp drought plants in the prior art, the mineral compound fertilizer for the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert has the advantages that the survival rate of the overlord of the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert is obviously improved, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area of the overlord are increased, and the mineral compound fertilizer for the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert is more excellent in promoting the growth of the multi-pulp drought plants in the desert.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of desert succulent xerophyte is characterized in that the mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components, by weight, 10-80 parts of sodium chloride, 5-25 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10-80 parts of calcium chloride, 10-80 parts of magnesium chloride and 5-15 parts of sodium silicate, and the desert succulent xerophyte is Bawang.
2. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of the desert succulent drought-resistant plants according to claim 1, wherein the mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components, by weight, 20 parts of sodium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of calcium chloride, 40 parts of magnesium chloride and 10 parts of sodium silicate.
3. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of the desert succulent drought-resistant plants according to claim 1, wherein the mineral compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components, by weight, 40 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium nitrate, 60 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of magnesium chloride and 7.5 parts of sodium silicate.
4. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of the desert succulent xerophyte, according to claim 1, is characterized in that when the desert succulent xerophyte mineral compound fertilizer is directly applied to soil in a desert area, the fertilizing amount of the mineral compound fertilizer is 157.2 kg/mu-210.9 kg/mu, the fertilizer is applied once before seedling raising or when the water content of the soil is 30% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field and the plant grows to 10 cm-15 cm high.
5. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of the desert succulent xerophyte as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mineral compound fertilizer of the desert succulent xerophyte is directly applied to the soil or added with water and then applied to the soil during the soil culture and seedling raising, and the mass ratio of the mineral compound fertilizer of the desert succulent xerophyte to the soil is (0.95 g-1.275 g): 1 kg; fertilizing once before seedling raising and fertilizing once when the soil water content is 30% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field and the plant grows to 10 cm-15 cm high, wherein the fertilizing amount is 1/2 of the total fertilizing amount each time.
6. The application of the mineral compound fertilizer in improving the drought resistance of the desert succulent xerophyte as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing amount of the mineral compound fertilizer for the desert succulent xerophyte during sand culture seedling or water culture seedling is 9.5 g/L-12.75 g/L.
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