CN109353304B - Gas generator and inflatable safety device - Google Patents

Gas generator and inflatable safety device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109353304B
CN109353304B CN201811309670.6A CN201811309670A CN109353304B CN 109353304 B CN109353304 B CN 109353304B CN 201811309670 A CN201811309670 A CN 201811309670A CN 109353304 B CN109353304 B CN 109353304B
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China
Prior art keywords
housing
gas generator
wall surface
housing part
filter
Prior art date
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CN201811309670.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109353304A (en
Inventor
道格拉斯·厄尔·奥弗顿
李俊杰
黄聪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yanfeng Automotive Safety Systems Co Ltd
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Yanfeng Automotive Safety Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811309670.6A priority Critical patent/CN109353304B/en
Publication of CN109353304A publication Critical patent/CN109353304A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/111458 priority patent/WO2020093844A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/264Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/276Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow with means to vent the inflation fluid source, e.g. in case of overpressure

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas generator and an inflatable safety device comprising a gas generator, comprising a housing (1) designed as a pressure vessel and a gas-permeable filter (2) arranged in the housing, which at least partially delimits a gas-generating medicament chamber (5) in which a gas-generating medicament (3) that can be ignited is accommodated, a flow channel (6) being formed between an inner wall surface (11) of the housing and an outer wall surface (12) of the filter, the housing having a gas outlet opening (7) arranged in a wall of the housing that delimits the flow channel. The inner wall surface of the housing defining the flow passage has an uneven structure configured to: even if the outer wall surface of the filter is abutted against the inner wall surface of the housing with the uneven structure by the expansion deformation of the filter during operation, dead volume is not generated in the flow passage. Thereby, the operational reliability of the gas generator can be improved.

Description

Gas generator and inflatable safety device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a gas generator and an inflatable safety device, in particular an airbag, comprising such a gas generator. The inflatable safety device is used in particular in motor vehicles.
Background
Airbags are widely used in motor vehicles. The airbag mainly includes an airbag as an inflating element and a gas generator for generating gas. The airbag is usually installed in a folded manner in a motor vehicle, in an emergency situation of the motor vehicle, for example in the event of a crash or imminent crash, the gas generator is triggered, the gas generating agent contained in the gas generator is ignited and generates a gas, in particular a non-toxic and harmless gas, which is usually introduced into the airbag through the gas outlet opening of the gas generator after filtering out residues via the filter, so that the airbag is rapidly deployed, thereby protecting the occupants. The balloon is typically inflated in tens of milliseconds.
After the gas-generating agent is ignited, the sharply generated gas may deform the filter of the gas generator. If the deformation amount of the filter is too large, the outer wall surface of the filter may abut against the inner wall surface of the housing of the gas generator, so that at least one partial region of the flow passage between the outer wall surface of the filter and the inner wall surface of the housing, which may be referred to as "dead volume", is isolated from the exhaust opening. The dead volume in the flow passage not only causes the filter to lose a portion of its filtering function, but also causes a change in the gas output characteristics of the gas generator, affecting the occupant protection function of the airbag. The gas generator may even explode as a result.
One measure for avoiding dead volumes consists in increasing the distance between the outer wall surface of the filter and the inner wall surface of the housing, but thus increasing the size of the housing and thus the size of the gas generator. With the development of the automotive industry, miniaturization of gas generators is desirable. The more compact the size of the gas generator, the higher the safety factor. The safety factor of the gas generator can be expressed, for example, by the relation: safety factor = maximum bearing/operating internal pressure of the housing. The more compact the size of the housing, the higher the safety factor of the gas generator, when the internal pressure of the gas generator is at a certain level during operation.
In patent document CN1440896a gas generator is disclosed, comprising a filter on which an external porous cylindrical reinforcement may be provided. On the one hand, during operation of the gas generator, the outer wall surface of the filter is pressed against the inner wall surface of the reinforcement, which presses adversely affects the filter function of the filter, and the reinforcement itself also significantly reduces the effective filter area of the filter. On the other hand, the reinforcement may still abut against the inner wall surface of the housing when the gas generator is in operation, thereby forming a dead volume.
Disclosure of Invention
Starting from the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a gas generator and an inflatable safety device comprising such a gas generator, wherein the operational reliability of the gas generator is improved while substantially maintaining the compact size of the gas generator.
The object is achieved by a gas generator comprising a housing configured as a pressure vessel and a gas-permeable filter arranged in the housing, the filter at least partially defining a gas-generating medicament chamber in which a gas-generating medicament that can be ignited is accommodated, a flow channel being formed between an inner wall surface of the housing and an outer wall surface of the filter, the housing having a gas discharge opening arranged in a wall of the housing defining the flow channel, the inner wall surface of the housing defining the flow channel having an uneven structure configured to: even if the outer wall surface of the filter is abutted against the inner wall surface of the housing with the uneven structure by the expansion deformation of the filter during operation, dead volume is not generated in the flow passage.
The advantage of the gas generator according to the invention is, inter alia, that the flow channel can be kept in open communication with the exhaust opening during operation of the gas generator, while at the same time the dimensions of the housing can be substantially unchanged, whereby the operational reliability of the gas generator can be improved while substantially maintaining the compact dimensions of the gas generator.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the uneven structure may comprise a protrusion extending from the inner wall surface of the housing and/or a recess recessed from the inner wall surface of the housing. Here, the uneven structure may include only the protrusion, or only the recess, or both the protrusion and the recess. The projection may be a continuous, meandering projection of constant or varying height, or a plurality of discrete projections. Similarly, the recess may be a continuous, meandering recess of constant or varying depth, or may be a plurality of discrete recesses.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the projections are formed as a plurality of ring segments spaced apart from one another on the circumference of the inner wall of the housing and/or the recesses are formed as a plurality of recesses spaced apart from one another on the circumference of the inner wall of the housing.
In some embodiments, the protrusions may be in the same plane or in multiple different planes; the projections may be identical or different; the protrusions may be uniformly or unevenly distributed; the projections may be regularly distributed or randomly distributed; each projection may be configured as a dot, line, or planar projection.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the undeformed initial state of the filter, the projection rests on or is spaced apart from the outer wall surface of the filter.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing can be configured in a tubular manner, the housing comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and a circumferential wall. The cross-section of the housing may be circular, oval or other suitable shape. The housing may also be configured in other shapes, such as ellipsoidal.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing can be formed in two parts. Preferably, the housing comprises a first housing part having a bottom wall and a second housing part having a top wall, the open edge of the first housing part being connected with the open edge of the second housing part.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the open edge of the first housing part is welded to the open edge of the second housing part. Alternatively, a sealed threaded coupling or bonding is also possible. In addition, a form-locking and/or force-locking connection may also be provided.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of the exhaust openings is a plurality, and the exhaust openings are distributed over the circumferential wall of the housing. For example, the exhaust opening may be provided in the second housing part. The exhaust openings may be uniformly or unevenly distributed over the circumferential wall of the second housing part. The exhaust openings may be arranged in the same plane or in different planes. The exhaust openings may be arranged at the same level of the housing or at different levels. Each vent opening may be configured as a circular hole, elliptical hole, square hole, slot, or other form.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the exhaust opening is configured for connection to an inflator element of an inflatable safety device of a motor vehicle. The gas generator according to the invention can be used not only in motor vehicles, for example in airbags, inflatable safety belts or inflatable safety vests, which protect occupants in the event of a collision or other similar emergency situation of the motor vehicle; but also in other fields, for example in amusement rides, aircraft or water vehicles.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the exhaust opening is arranged in a central region of the housing, viewed in the axial direction of the housing, the height dimension of which central region is not more than 4/5, preferably not more than 3/4, for example not more than 2/3, in particular 1/2 or 1/3, of the height dimension of the entire housing. When the height dimension of the middle region is 2/3 of the height dimension of the whole shell, the axial distance between the middle region and the top and bottom points of the shell in the axial direction is 1/6 of the height dimension of the whole shell respectively. When the height dimension of the middle region is 1/2 of the height dimension of the whole shell, the axial distance between the middle region and the top and bottom points of the shell in the axial direction is 1/4 of the height dimension of the whole shell respectively.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the housing is configured in a tubular shape, the housing comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and a circumferential wall; the housing is configured in two pieces, the housing comprising a first housing part having a bottom wall and a second housing part having a top wall, an open edge of the first housing part being connected with an open edge of the second housing part; the uneven structure comprises a plurality of discrete protrusions protruding inwardly from the open edge of the second housing part and/or a plurality of discrete protrusions protruding from the inner wall surface of the circumferential wall of the second housing part and spaced apart from the open edge of the second housing part, and/or the uneven structure comprises a plurality of discrete grooves provided on the inner wall surface of the circumferential wall of the second housing part.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the recess extends in the axial direction with reference to the central axis of the housing or the recess extends helically with reference to the central axis of the housing. Other orientations of the grooves are also possible.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the filter is configured in the form of a hollow cylinder, the two ends of the filter being supported on the inner wall surface of the housing, the inner wall surface of the filter and the inner wall surface of the housing together defining the gas-generating medicament chamber. It is also possible that the filter defines the gas generating medicament chamber separately. The filter may also have other shapes, such as approximately spherical or spindle-shaped.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gas generator may comprise an ignition device, which is mounted in the housing and protrudes into the gas-generating medicament chamber. It is also possible to ignite the gas generating agent outside the housing.
The object is also achieved by an inflatable safety device comprising an inflatable element and a gas generator according to the invention, the exhaust outlet of which is connected to the inflatable element.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inflatable safety device can be an airbag, an inflatable belt or an inflatable vest for a motor vehicle.
It should be noted here that the technical features in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other as long as such combination is not paradoxical. All these possible combinations are technical matters of the present application.
Drawings
The invention is better explained below with reference to the figures by means of examples. The schematic drawings are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic longitudinal section of a gas generator in operation without an uneven structure, respectively;
fig. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a gas generator according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic top view of the first housing part of the gas generator according to fig. 3 together with a filter;
fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a first housing part of the housing of the gas generator according to fig. 3 and 4; and
Fig. 6 and 7 each show a perspective view of a variant of the first housing part.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the invention, the operation of the gas generator without uneven structure is first briefly described with the aid of fig. 1 and 2. Fig. 1 and 2 show a schematic longitudinal section of the gas generator in operation, respectively. The gas generator comprises a housing 1 embodied as a pressure vessel and a gas-permeable filter 2 arranged in the housing. The housing 1 may be configured in a cylindrical shape including a top wall, a bottom wall and a circumferential wall. The housing is constructed in two parts, comprising a first housing part 1a with a bottom wall and a second housing part 1b with a top wall, the open edge of the first housing part 1a being connected in a gas-tight manner with the open edge of the second housing part 1 b. A plurality of exhaust openings 7 are distributed over the circumferential wall of the second housing part 1 b. Although a single exhaust opening 7 is also possible, a plurality of exhaust openings 7 are preferably provided at the same level in an evenly distributed manner on the circumferential wall of the housing, in particular on the circumferential wall of the second housing part 1b, in order to achieve particularly good exhaust. The exhaust opening 7 may be connected with an airbag, for example.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the filter 2 may be configured in a hollow cylindrical shape, both ends of the filter 2 being supported on the top wall and the bottom wall of the housing, respectively, and inner wall surfaces of the filter defining the gas-generating medicament chamber 5 together with the top wall and the bottom wall of the housing. The gas-generating agent chamber 5 accommodates a gas-generating agent 3 that can be ignited, and the ignition device 4 is mounted in the first housing part 1a and protrudes into the gas-generating agent chamber 5. A flow channel 6 is formed between an inner wall surface 11 of the housing 1 and an outer wall surface 12 of the filter 2, and an exhaust opening 7 is provided in a wall of the housing 1 defining the flow channel. Currently, gunpowder is widely used as a gas-generating agent, which can be ignited by an ignition device. It is also possible for two or more components to react chemically and thus generate gas when they come into contact or mix with one another, wherein the components are arranged separately and, for example, in contact with one another or mix with one another in the event of a collision of the motor vehicle. Such multicomponent gas generant compositions should also be considered "ignitable" in the sense of the present invention.
Once the ignition device 4 is triggered, the gas-generating agent 3 is ignited, so that the gas-generating agent can rapidly generate nontoxic and harmless gas. The gas passes under pressure through the filter 2 and the filtered clean gas is discharged via the flow channel 6 and the exhaust opening 7 into the inflator element of the inflatable safety device. The flow direction of the gas exiting from the gas-generating medicament chamber 5, through the filter 2, via the flow channel 6 and the exhaust opening 7 is schematically indicated by directional arrows in fig. 1. The flow channel 6 is typically an annular space. The generated gas passes from the gas-generating medicament chamber 5 substantially radially over the circumferential wall of the filter 2. The course of the air flow through one of the exhaust openings 7 is only schematically indicated by a directional arrow in fig. 1. The expansion deformation of the filter is not depicted in fig. 1. Fig. 2 schematically depicts, on one side, the possible expansion deformations of the filter 2 during operation with a dash-dot line. In practice, the filter 5 typically bulges over the entire circumference. When the expansion deformation of the filter 2 during operation is too great, it is possible that the outer wall 12 of the filter 2 rests against the inner wall 11 of the housing 1, so that a lower region of the flow duct 6, which is shown in fig. 2, is isolated from the exhaust opening 7, so that this lower region becomes a dead volume, in which the filter 5 loses its filtering function.
The housing 1 can have a fastening element 10, which can fasten the housing in a motor vehicle, or fasten an inflator element to the housing, for example. The fastening element 10 may be, for example, a flange or a lug.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a gas generator according to an embodiment of the invention, fig. 4 shows a schematic top view of a first housing part of the gas generator according to fig. 3 together with a filter, and fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a first housing part of a housing of the gas generator according to fig. 3 and 4. In addition to the uneven structure of the projections 8a, the gas generator according to fig. 3 and 4 can be constructed identically or similarly to the gas generator according to fig. 1 and 2. The uneven structure configured as the protrusion 8a is mainly described below. On the open edge of the first housing part 1a, 4 projections 8a are formed, which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and are each formed as a ring segment. In the undeformed initial state of the filter 2, the ring segments may be in contact with the filter 2 or have a gap. In fig. 4 it can be seen that, during operation of the gas generator, the filter 2 expands such that it is supported by the projections 8a, wherein the entire flow channel 6 remains open by the gaps 9 between adjacent projections 8a, without isolated dead volumes being formed in the flow channel 6.
Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a variant of the first housing part 1a. The first housing part according to fig. 6 differs from the first housing part according to fig. 5 in that the projection 8a is recessed in the axial direction of the first housing part 1a relative to the open edge of the first housing part.
Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a further variant of the first housing part 1 a. The uneven structure is formed by a plurality of recesses 8b which are distributed on the inner wall surface of the circumferential wall of the housing part 1a and extend in the axial direction of the first housing part 1a, and these recesses can be distributed uniformly.
In the embodiments shown in fig. 5 to 7, the uneven structure comprises only protrusions or only recesses. It goes without saying that uneven structures consisting of projections and recesses are also possible, which can be arranged alternately with one another, for example, on the inner wall surface of the circumferential wall of the housing.
The invention is described in more detail above with the aid of specific embodiments. Finally, it should be pointed out that the above specific examples of the invention are only intended to be understood as illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Modifications can be made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art, all without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A gas generator comprising a housing (1) configured as a pressure vessel and a gas-permeable filter (2) arranged in the housing, the filter at least partly defining a gas-generating medicament chamber (5) in which a gas-generating medicament (3) that can be ignited is accommodated, a flow channel (6) being formed between an inner wall surface (11) of the housing and an outer wall surface (12) of the filter, the housing (1) being configured as a cylinder, the housing comprising a top wall, a bottom wall and a circumferential wall, the housing (1) being configured as a two-piece, the housing comprising a first housing part (1 a) having a bottom wall and a second housing part (1 b) having a top wall, an open edge of the first housing part being connected to an open edge of the second housing part, the second housing part having a gas outlet opening (7) arranged in a wall of the second housing part defining the flow channel;
Characterized in that the inner wall surface (11) of the first housing part defining the flow channel has a non-flat structure configured to: even if the expansion deformation of the filter (2) during operation causes the outer wall surface (12) of the filter to abut against the inner wall surface (11) of the housing with an uneven structure, no dead volume is generated in the flow channel (6),
The uneven structure includes:
-a projection (8 a) protruding from the inner wall surface of the first housing part, said projection being formed on or recessed in the axial direction of the first housing part relative to the open edge of the first housing part, and/or
-A recess (8 b) recessed from the inner wall surface of the housing, said recess extending in the axial direction of the first housing part and extending up to the open edge of the first housing part.
2. The gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the projections (8 a) are configured as a plurality of ring segments at a distance from each other on the circumference of the inner wall surface of the first housing part and/or the recesses (8 b) are configured as a plurality of grooves at a distance from each other on the circumference of the inner wall surface of the first housing part.
3. The gas generator according to claim 2, wherein the ring segments are configured identically and uniformly distributed over the circumference, and/or the grooves are configured identically and uniformly distributed over the circumference.
4. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the undeformed initial state of the filter (2), the protrusions (8 a) rest against the outer wall surface (12) of the filter or are spaced apart from the outer wall surface (12) of the filter.
5. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the open edge of the first housing part is welded to the open edge of the second housing part.
6. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the number of the exhaust openings (7) is plural and that the exhaust openings are distributed over the circumferential wall of the second housing part.
7. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the exhaust opening (7) is configured for connection with an inflator element of an inflatable safety device of a motor vehicle.
8. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the exhaust opening (7) is arranged in a middle area of the housing, seen in the axial direction of the housing (1), the height dimension of which middle area does not exceed 2/3 of the height dimension of the entire housing.
9. The gas generator of claim 1, wherein the gas generator comprises a gas generator,
The uneven structure includes a plurality of discrete protrusions extending inwardly from the open edge of the second housing member or a plurality of discrete protrusions extending from the inner wall surface of the circumferential wall of the second housing member and spaced apart from the open edge of the second housing member.
10. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the filter (2) is configured as a hollow cylinder, the two ends of which are supported on the inner wall surface of the housing, respectively, which together with the inner wall surface of the housing define a gas-generating medicament chamber (5).
11. A gas generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the gas generator comprises an ignition device (4) mounted in the housing and protruding into the gas-generating medicament chamber (5).
12. An inflatable safety device comprising an inflatable element, characterized in that the inflatable safety device comprises a gas generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the exhaust outlet of which is connected to the inflatable element.
13. The inflatable safety device of claim 12, wherein the inflatable safety device is an airbag for a motor vehicle, an inflatable harness, or an inflatable vest.
CN201811309670.6A 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 Gas generator and inflatable safety device Active CN109353304B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811309670.6A CN109353304B (en) 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 Gas generator and inflatable safety device
PCT/CN2019/111458 WO2020093844A1 (en) 2018-11-06 2019-10-16 Gas generator and inflatable safety device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811309670.6A CN109353304B (en) 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 Gas generator and inflatable safety device

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CN109353304A CN109353304A (en) 2019-02-19
CN109353304B true CN109353304B (en) 2024-04-23

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CN109353304B (en) * 2018-11-06 2024-04-23 延锋汽车智能安全***有限责任公司 Gas generator and inflatable safety device
CN109927664B (en) * 2019-04-04 2021-04-02 湖北航鹏化学动力科技有限责任公司 Two-stage gas generator

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US5938236A (en) * 1996-07-17 1999-08-17 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki-Kaisha Gas generator for an air bag
US5808232A (en) * 1996-11-13 1998-09-15 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Gas inflator having aluminum or alumina bead filter
CN1419504A (en) * 2000-02-22 2003-05-21 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 Airbag gas generator, deflector member, coolant/filter means support member, coolant, and housing
JP2003231454A (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-19 Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd Gas generator
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WO2020093844A1 (en) 2020-05-14

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