CN109349043A - Cover the konjaku implantation methods of weeding - Google Patents
Cover the konjaku implantation methods of weeding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109349043A CN109349043A CN201811341786.8A CN201811341786A CN109349043A CN 109349043 A CN109349043 A CN 109349043A CN 201811341786 A CN201811341786 A CN 201811341786A CN 109349043 A CN109349043 A CN 109349043A
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- konjaku
- covering
- implantation methods
- soil
- weeding
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of konjaku implantation methods for covering weeding, selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, deep plough 30~40cm, the thin post-trenching ridging of rake, and ditch 1.0~1.5m of width, and ridge face width degree is more than or equal to 0.7m and is less than 1.2m；The Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, spacing 30cm × 40cm is sowed in ditch on the face of ridge drilling or bunch planting, the basal dressing based on organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer simultaneously, organic fertilizer mu applies 200~300kg, and farmyard manure mu applies 2000~3000kg, and compound fertilizer's mu applies 40~50kg；Entire ridge face is covered using with a thickness of the pine needle/stalk/hay or 1~1.5cm straw mat of 5~10cm immediately after the completion of plantation；Early July sprayed a foliar fertilizer every 10 days after konjaku emergence is neat, sprays 3~4 times.Konjaku emergence rate can control 90% weeds up to 95% or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to konjaku planting technology fields, more particularly to a kind of konjaku implantation methods for covering weeding.
Background technique
Konjaku is the general name of Araeceae (Araceae) Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus Blume), and ancient times are named mill taro
Huo Amorphophalus rivieri, English name Elephant foot yam or Elephant foot taro, typically now spends evil spirit with what is most planted extensively
Taro (Konjac) represents konjaku.It is counted according to Chinese Amorphophallus association, more than 200 ten thousand mu of konjaku of China's plantation in 2017 is mainly planted in
Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi etc. save, and the kind of cultivation is mainly elephant-foot yam, and Yunnan kind is implanted with a small amount of white konjaku and Huang
Konjaku.Cause konjaku plant production development slow since disease pest and weed is difficult to prevent and treat in konjaku planting industry, especially the danger of weeds
Evil is even more to be difficult to calculate to konjaku production bring loss.The weeds occurred to konjaku according to investigations generally have more than 100 kinds of more than 30 sections,
Wherein annual grassy weeds has more than 80 kinds, and perennial weeds has more than 20 kinds.The different weed growth phases is inconsistent, therefore each evil spirit
In taro growth period, weeds can grow 3~4 groups, typically manually pull out or shovel hoe weeding in konjaku growing area, annual to put into
The labor cost for controlling weeds is up to more than 1600 yuan per acre, and loss is up to more than 1000 yuan as caused by weeds.In addition to directly endangering
Outside, due also to it is weedy in ground, various work must be just additionally carried out, and increase farming, removed, harvesting
Difficulty.Weeds are mainly manifested in three aspects to the harm of konjaku: deteriorating growing environment, propagate pest and disease damage, compete with crop；
Adverse condition: weeds be it is non-porous do not exist, from upper soll layer to deep layer, from farmland to channel, be flooded with all places, make soil
Earth, waters, konjaku etc. deteriorate konjaku growing environment by serious pollution；Propagate pest and disease damage: weeds can be described as konjaku cause of disease
The infection sources and vector of bacterium, the food as polyphagous pest-insect or the communication media as pest and disease damage；It is competed with crop: miscellaneous
Grass and disease pest are different, and in addition to some parasitics weeds, they are directly to compete with konjaku, are supported as necessary to konjaku
Point, moisture and light by serious consumption and obstruction, be suppressed konjaku growth and development, be allowed to cause damages.
During konjaku is cultivated at present, weeding mainly has artificial weeding, herbicide weeding and covering with ground sheeting weeding；For konjaku
Also in reference experimental stage, kind, quantity application technology are not able to satisfy evil spirit for upper applicable herbicide development and production China
The needs of taro production, other than common glyphosate-isopropylammonium, cremart, Quizalotop-ethyl, without dedicated konjaku herbicide.
Mainly in konjaku, after planting konjaku is not emerged also but weeds have gone out under conditions of is located by spraying for glyphosate-isopropylammonium, Glufosinate
Reason, for Quizalotop-ethyl for making spraying treatment after konjaku emergence, these herbicides can all damage konjaku.It is removed using herbicide
It is maximum to the injury of konjaku although grass is time saving and energy saving, and the residual of herbicide also affects the growth of next batch of crop, evil spirit
Taro herbicide also requires user that must grasp the pesticide application technology of science, and slightly making mistakes will cause konjaku to have no harvest.Artificial weeding is used
Work amount is big, costly, necessary artificial rupture of membrane when the konjaku of covering with ground sheeting is emerged, and mulch is airtight, is easy to cause disease high-incidence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of konjaku implantation methods for covering weeding, to solve in konjaku cultivation with chemistry
The problem that chemical weeding phytotoxicity is serious, the artificial weeding amount of labour used is big, covering with ground sheeting weeding disease is high-incidence.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that covering the konjaku implantation methods of weeding, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Thin post-trenching ridging is harrowed in soil deep ploughing；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, trench digging drilling or bunch planting on the face of ridge, while basal dressing；
Step 3, covering weeding: entire ridge face is covered using pine needle, stalk, hay or straw mat immediately after the completion of plantation；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays foliar fertilizer after konjaku emergence is neat.
Entire ridge face is covered using pine needle, stalk or straw mat immediately after the completion of plantation, guarantee loosing soil, gas permeability,
Temperature and humidity is conducive to emergence, prevents pest and disease damage, inhibits weed growth.
Further, step 1 tilling depth is 30~40cm, and trench digging width is 1.0~1.5m, and ridge face width degree is greater than
Equal to 0.7m and it is less than 1.2m.Deep plough 30~40cm, can effectively increase soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, increase loosing soil degree,
Gas permeability eliminates part disease pest and weeds.Setting trench digging width is in 1.0~1.5m, convenient for plant personnel station from ridge in ditch
Both sides carry out weeding, the farming operations such as apply fertilizer, spray insecticide, and hurt konjaku without standing to step in ridge face.
Further, the step 2 sowing spacing is 30cm × 40cm.Seeding row spacing is too small, and konjaku density is too big, is unfavorable for
Konjaku growth, seeding row spacing is excessive, low output.
Further, the base manure of the step 2 is based on organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Further, pine needle, stalk or the hay that the step 3 covers with a thickness of 5~10cm, straw mat with a thickness of 1~
1.5cm, stalk length is 10~15cm, because stalk is too long, covering is easy support mutually, causes larger gap, and weeds are held
It easily emerges from gap, herbicidal effect is bad；Stalk is too short, causes covering density big, and konjaku is not easy to emerge, covering
Length can not wait within this range, and stalk length is 10~15cm, so that herbicidal effect and emergence rate have reached good
Balance.Covering pine needle, stalk, hay or straw mat thickness it is too small weeds are not completely covered, weeds can drill out covering, not have
Herbicide effect；The excessive konjaku emergence difficult of thickness, influences emergence rate and the growth of konjaku, and the stalk or hay that the present invention covers are thick
Degree is 5~10cm, straw mat is good with a thickness of 1~1.5cm herbicidal effect, emergence rate is high.
Further, the step 4 sprays foliar fertilizer, sprayed once, sprays 3~4 times every 10 days.One was sprayed every 10 days
It is secondary, it sprays 3~4 times, is conducive to konjaku and absorbs nutrition, so that konjaku riotous growth.Foliar fertilizer type is more, can optionally first,
And according to specification use.
Further, when the trench digging width is 1.0m, ridge face width degree is 0.7m；When width of ditching is 1.5m, ridge face width
Degree is less than 1.2m.
Further, the organic fertilizer mu applies 200~300kg, and the farmyard manure mu applies 2000~3000kg；The nitrogen phosphorus
K composite fertilizer mu applies 40~50kg.According to the uptake characters of konjaku, base manure is compound with N P and K based on organic fertilizer or farmyard manure
Supplemented by fertilizer, organic fertilizer mu applies 200~300kg, and farmyard manure mu applies 2000~3000kg；Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mu apply 40kg~
50kg, gained konjaku quality are high.
Further, the stalk of the step 3 is rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk, sweet potato stalk and buckwheat stalk
At least one of.
Further, the hay of the step 3 is fallen leaves or dry weeds, and straw mat is woven using straw, and pine needle is pinus yunnanensis
At least one of pine needle and Huashan pine pine needle.
The invention has the advantages that the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding, by the pine needle, the straw that cover suitable thickness
Stalk, hay or straw mat guarantee loosing soil, gas permeability, temperature and humidity, and konjaku emergence rate is up to 95% or more, herbicidal effect
Significantly, it can control 90% weeds, and be conducive to expanding for konjak corm；Reduce the cross-infection of pest and disease damage, pest and disease damage hair
Sick rate reduces by 10%, guarantees konjaku healthy growth；Without using chemical herbicide, it not will cause phytotoxicity, not will cause pesticide residue,
It ensure that food safety, protect ecological environment；Than manually rooting out save the cost, at low cost, high financial profit is covered.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Deep plough 30cm in soil, and rake is thin, by the trench digging width of 1.5m, the ridging width ditching, ridging of 1.1m；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, drilling of ditching on the face of ridge, plantation spacing be 30cm × 40cm；Simultaneously
Basal dressing, for base manure based on farmyard manure, mu applies 2000kg, and supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mu applies 40kg；
Step 3, covering weeding: covering is mixed using the pine needle of the pinus yunnanensis of 10cm thickness and Huashan pine immediately after the completion of plantation
Entire ridge face, guarantees loosing soil, gas permeability, temperature and humidity；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays foliar fertilizer konjaku spirit, primary, spray was sprayed every 10 days after konjaku emergence is neat
It applies 3~4 times.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Deep plough 33cm in soil, and rake is thin, by the trench digging width of 1.3m, the ridging width ditching, ridging of 0.9m；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, drilling of ditching on the face of ridge, plantation spacing be 30cm × 40cm；Simultaneously
Basal dressing, for base manure based on farmyard manure, mu applies 3000kg, and supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mu applies 50kg；
Step 3, covering weeding: the rice straw covering of thick, 10~15cm length not etc. using 5cm immediately after the completion of plantation
Entire ridge face, guarantees loosing soil, gas permeability, temperature and humidity；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays foliar fertilizer konjaku spirit, primary, spray was sprayed every 10 days after konjaku emergence is neat
It applies 3~4 times.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Deep plough 35cm in soil, and rake is thin, by the trench digging width of 1.2m, the ridging width ditching, ridging of 0.8m；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, drilling of ditching on the face of ridge, plantation spacing be 30cm × 40cm；Simultaneously
Basal dressing, mainly based on organic fertilizer, mu applies 250kg to base manure, and supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mu applies 45kg；
Step 3, covering weeding: entire ridge face is covered using 8cm thickness fallen leaves immediately after the completion of plantation, guarantees loosing soil
Property, gas permeability, temperature and humidity；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays fertile shield foliar fertilizer after konjaku emergence is neat, sprayed once, spray every 10 days
3~4 times.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Deep plough 40cm in soil, and rake is thin, by the trench digging width of 1.0m, the ridging width ditching, ridging of 0.7m；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, drilling of ditching on the face of ridge, plantation spacing be 30cm × 40cm；Simultaneously
Basal dressing, mainly based on organic fertilizer, mu applies 200kg to base manure, and supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mu applies 40kg；
Step 3, covering weeding: entire ridge face is covered using the straw mat of straw establishment using 1cm immediately after the completion of plantation, is protected
Demonstrate,prove loosing soil, gas permeability, temperature and humidity；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays fertile shield foliar fertilizer after konjaku emergence is neat, sprayed once, spray every 10 days
3~4 times.
Embodiment 5
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, by what is chosen
Deep plough 38cm in soil, and rake is thin, by the trench digging width of 1.0m, the ridging width ditching, ridging of 0.7m；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, drilling of ditching on the face of ridge, plantation spacing be 30cm × 40cm；Simultaneously
Basal dressing, mainly based on organic fertilizer, mu applies 300kg to base manure, and supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mu applies 50kg；
Step 3, covering weeding: entire ridge face is covered using the straw mat of 1.5cm straw establishment immediately after the completion of plantation, is guaranteed
Loosing soil, gas permeability, temperature and humidity；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays fertile shield foliar fertilizer after konjaku emergence is neat, sprayed once, spray every 10 days
3~4 times.
The konjaku implantation methods for covering weeding, can guarantee the sponginess, gas permeability, temperature and humidity of soil, be conducive to
Konjak corm expands；The cross-infection of pest and disease damage is reduced, incidence of insect disease is reduced, guarantees konjaku healthy growth；And do not make
With chemical herbicide, it not will cause phytotoxicity, not will cause pesticide residue, ensure that food safety, protect ecological environment；Compare people
Work roots out save the cost, covers at low cost, high financial profit.Using the covering weeding konjaku implantation methods of embodiment 3 and use
The konjaku implantation methods of different herbicidal methods are compared, and income effect data are shown in Table 1, can be obtained by table 1, and the present invention covers pine
Needle/stalk/straw mat weeding emergence rate, konjaku coefficient of expansion and yield are above covering with ground sheeting weeding, chemical weed control and artificial
Weeding, and weeding rate is better than artificial weeding, disease incidence reduces by 10% compared with artificial weeding, has significant economic benefit and Environmental Effect
Benefit.
The herbicidal effect data that table 1 is tested using the konjaku implantation methods of different herbicidal methods
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. covering the konjaku implantation methods of weeding, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
Step 1, site preparation manage moisture in the soil: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile soil, the convenient plot of irrigation and drainage, the soil that will be chosen
It deep ploughs, harrow thin post-trenching ridging；
Step 2, sowing: the Ching Ming Festival to grain rains, trench digging drilling or bunch planting on the face of ridge, while basal dressing；
Step 3, covering weeding: entire ridge face is covered using pine needle, stalk, hay or straw mat immediately after the completion of plantation；
Step 4, top dressing: early July sprays foliar fertilizer after konjaku emergence is neat.
2. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1 tilling depth
For 30~40cm, trench digging width is 1.0~1.5m, and ridge face width degree is more than or equal to 0.7m and is less than 1.2m.
3. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2 sows spacing
For 30cm × 40cm.
4. it is according to claim 1 covering weeding konjaku implantation methods, which is characterized in that the base manure of the step 2 with
Based on organic fertilizer or farmyard manure, supplemented by nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
5. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pine that the step 3 covers
With a thickness of 5~10cm, straw mat with a thickness of 1~1.5cm, stalk length is 10~15cm for needle, stalk or hay.
6. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4 sprays blade face
Fertilizer was sprayed once every 10 days, is sprayed 3~4 times.
7. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the trench digging width is 1.0m
When, ridge face width degree is 0.7m；When width of ditching is 1.5m, ridge face width degree is less than 1.2m.
8. the konjaku implantation methods of covering weeding according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer mu applies 200
~300kg, the farmyard manure mu apply 2000~3000kg；The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mu applies 40~50kg.
9. the konjaku implantation methods of described in any item covering weedings according to claim 1~8, which is characterized in that the step 3
Stalk be at least one of rice straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk, sweet potato stalk and buckwheat stalk.
10. the konjaku implantation methods of described in any item covering weedings according to claim 1~8, which is characterized in that the step
Hay is fallen leaves or dry weeds in 3, and straw mat is woven using straw, and pine needle is at least one in pinus yunnanensis pine needle and Huashan pine pine needle
Kind.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811341786.8A CN109349043A (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Cover the konjaku implantation methods of weeding |
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| CN201811341786.8A CN109349043A (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Cover the konjaku implantation methods of weeding |
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Family
ID=65345083
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| CN113615519A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-09 | 富源县金地魔芋种业有限公司 | Ecological covering cultivation method for konjak by using grass to cure grass |
| CN114586628A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-07 | 大姚县农业技术推广中心 | Green high-yield cultivation method for lily |
| CN115299304A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-08 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Under-forest ridge-forming and film-covering cultivation method for konjac |
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| CN115299304A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-08 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Under-forest ridge-forming and film-covering cultivation method for konjac |
| CN115299304B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-07-25 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Ridging and film-covering cultivation method for konjak under forest |
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