CN109345039A - A kind of crop production forecast method comprehensively considering water and saline stress - Google Patents
A kind of crop production forecast method comprehensively considering water and saline stress Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of crop production forecast methods for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, it is related to Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering technical field, actual production for the crop to a certain type predicts that method includes: the soil water potential distribution of the Evapotranspiration and soil of the water absorption distribution and aerial part for obtaining crop in farmland root system within every day breeding time to be predicted within every day breeding time；Obtain the value of minimum soil water potential corresponding with type, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient and fractional yield coefficient, obtain the total stress index of prediction in farmland to be predicted, then the prediction fractional yield ratio of crop in farmland to be predicted is obtained, optimal production is multiplied with prediction fractional yield ratio, obtain the prediction actual production of crop in farmland to be predicted, to the unified influence for considering three kinds of stress to crop yield, the complexity of prediction is also reduced while improving crop production forecast precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering technical field, in particular to a kind of crop yield for comprehensively considering water and saline stress
Prediction technique.
Background technique
Agricultural crops could obtain higher yield, different extreme rings under good growing weather, soil and nutritional condition
Environment-stress caused by border can lead to crop yield and generate different degrees of reduction.Currently, the arid of soil, flooded stain and high salt
It is the main extreme environment form that China's agricultural production faces, the interaction of three big extreme environment forms occurs seriously limiting crop
The raising of yield.
In the prior art, in order to evaluate and improve crop yield, for these three stress shadows of arid, flooded stain and salinity
It rings, establishes respective crop production forecast method respectively.
Inventor discovery in the prior art the prior art has at least the following problems:
These independent prediction techniques are difficult directly and accurately to predict the yield of the crop influenced by various abiotic stress simultaneously, and
If predicting crop yield in such a way that various abiotic stress influences simple superposition, practical application is got up extremely complex.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of crop production forecast method for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, comprehensively consider dry
The influence of drought, flooded stain and three kinds of salinity stress, improves crop production forecast precision, while reducing the complexity of prediction.
Specifically, including technical solution below:
The present invention provides a kind of crop production forecast methods for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, for the work to a certain type
The actual production of object is predicted that method includes:
Obtain potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax；
According to breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, obtain coefficient of growth a corresponding with type, coefficient of growth
According to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0Crop is obtained in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time
Water absorption distribution, wherein tiIt water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:
Wherein x refers to depth, and water absorption distribution refers to the relationship between the water absorption of root system and depth x.
Evapotranspiration of the crop in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiThe rising of it steams
Hair amount is
Soil water potential distribution of the soil in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt soil water potential
It is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x.
Obtain minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with typed, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield
The value of factor beta.
It utilizesAnd δ, obtain the total stress index of prediction in farmland to be predicted
TSDLPrediction, predict total stress index TSDLPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
Wherein, x refers to depth, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn
Do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress locale of root zone, the non-side of body
Urgent region refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil area corresponding to soil water potential in range
Between, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the total stress index TSDL of predictionPredictionAnd β, obtain prediction fractional yield ratio Y in farmland to be predictedPrediction, phase
The ratio of actual production and unscared optimal production after being coerced than finger crop yield, predicts fractional yield ratio YPrediction
It is calculated using following formula:
Obtain the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted.
By optimal production and prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, obtains the practical production of prediction of crop in farmland to be predicted
Amount.
Selectively, minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with type is obtainedd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and
Before fractional yield factor beta, method further include:
Minimum soil water potential corresponding with type is set as Ψd, maximum soil water potential is set as Ψu, coerce penalty coefficient and be set as δ, phase
β is set as to output coefficient, wherein Ψd、Ψu, the value of δ and β it is undetermined.
Obtain potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax。
According to breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, obtain coefficient of growth a corresponding with type, coefficient of growth
According to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0The calibration in four pieces of calibration farmlands is respectively obtained with crop in life
The calibration water absorption distribution in every day phase is educated, wherein tiIt calibration water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:
The calibration evaporation and transpiration that crop every day within breeding time is used in the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained respectively
Amount, wherein tiIt calibration Evapotranspiration is
The calibration soil water potential distribution of soil every day within breeding time at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained respectively, wherein
TiIt calibration soil water potential is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x.
It utilizesΨ undeterminedd、ΨuAnd δ, respectively indicate the mark at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Surely index TSDL is always coerced with the calibration of cropCalibration, demarcate total stress index TSDLCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Wherein, x refers to depth, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale refers to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress area of root zone
Domain, non-stress locale refer to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) corresponding to soil water potential in range
Depth of soil section, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the β undetermined and total stress index TSDL of calibrationCalibrationIndicate that crop is used in the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Calibration fractional yield ratio YCalibration, fractional yield is than referring to actual production and unscared optimal production after crop is coerced
Ratio demarcates fractional yield ratio YCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Above formula is converted, following formula is obtained:
Above formula is unfolded to obtain:
The sampling reality that the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained with the optimal production of crop and actual measurement is obtained respectively
Border yield.
According to sampling actual production and optimal production, the sampling that crop is used in the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained
Fractional yield ratio YSampling, sample fractional yield ratio YSamplingEqual to calibration the sampling actual production of crop and the ratio of optimal production.
Utilize the sampling fractional yield ratio Y of crop of the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlandsSamplingSubstitution
In YCalibration, obtain at least four groups of following formulas:
According at least four groups of above formulas, minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with type undetermined is obtainedd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, the side of body
Compel the value of penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta.
Selectively,According to root system depth HiWith time tiRelationship And water absorption distributionWith root system depth HiRelationshipIt obtains.
Selectively, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n, longest root depth HmaxAnd it is ideal
Yield is inquired from database all in accordance with type and is obtained.
Selectively, Evapotranspiration and calibration Evapotranspiration are all in accordance with type, daily collected temperature, rainfall
Amount, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine duration are calculated using Penman formula.
Selectively, soil water potential distribution and the distribution of calibration soil water potential are all in accordance with embedded at least one depth in the soil
Soil water potential measured by pressure gage is fitted to obtain using interpolation method, wherein the soil water potential of depth is by pressure gage where pressure gage
Measured pressure values indicate.
Selectively, the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is demarcated with the sampling actual production of crop at least four pieces
Calibration in farmland is weighed after carrying out harvesting processing with crop and is obtained.
The beneficial effect of technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes at least:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of crop production forecast methods for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, for a certain kind
The actual production of the crop of class is predicted that method includes: acquisition potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time day
Number n and longest root depth Hmax；According to breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, coefficient of growth a corresponding with type is obtained,
Coefficient of growthAccording to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0It is every in breeding time to obtain crop in farmland to be predicted
Intraday water absorption distribution, wherein tiIt water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:Wherein x refers to depth, and water absorption distribution refers between the water absorption of root system and depth x
Relationship；Evapotranspiration of the crop in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt evaporation and transpiration
Amount isSoil water potential distribution of the soil in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt soil water potential
It is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x；Obtain minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with typed、
Maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta value；It utilizesWith
And δ, obtain the total stress index TSDL of prediction in farmland to be predictedPrediction, predict total stress index TSDLPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
Wherein, x refers to depth, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn
Do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress locale of root zone, the non-side of body
Urgent region refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil area corresponding to soil water potential in range
Between, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the total stress index TSDL of predictionPredictionAnd β, obtain prediction fractional yield ratio Y in farmland to be predictedPrediction, phase
The ratio of actual production and unscared optimal production after being coerced than finger crop yield, predicts fractional yield ratio YPrediction
It is calculated using following formula:
Obtain the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted；By optimal production and prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, obtains
To the prediction actual production of crop in farmland to be predicted.It unites due to always coercing index using the prediction of soil water potential distribution expression
One characterization arid, flooded stain and three kinds of salinity stress realize the unified influence for considering three kinds of stress to crop yield, make improving
The complexity of prediction is also reduced while the precision of prediction of produce amount.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of side for crop production forecast method for comprehensively considering water and saline stress that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Method flow chart.
Specific embodiment
To keep technical solution of the present invention and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to embodiment of the present invention make into
One step it is described in detail.
Embodiment one
A kind of crop production forecast method for comprehensively considering water and saline stress is present embodiments provided, for a certain type
The actual production of crop is predicted that specific flow chart is as shown in Figure 1.
The crop production forecast method provided in this embodiment for comprehensively considering water and saline stress generally can be divided into two processes,
First process is to establish fractional yield than computation model, and at least four groups of sampled values surveyed are brought into fractional yield ratio
In computation model, obtain the value of fractional yield four undetermined coefficients corresponding with crop species than in computation model, this four to
Determining coefficient is respectively minimum soil water potential Ψd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, coerce penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta；Second mistake
Journey is value and fractional yield using the aforementioned four undetermined coefficient determined than computation model, to other any agricultures to be predicted
The yield of the Tanaka type crop is predicted.
First the first process is specifically introduced below, the first process include step S101, S102, S103, S104,
S105, S106, S107, S108 and S109 below will be specifically introduced each step.
Before first process, at least four pieces farmlands for planting identical type crop need to be chosen, will at least four pieces this
Crop in the farmland of sample uses crop as calibration, wherein the area in four pieces of farmlands can be identical, be also possible to difference
's.
In step s101, minimum soil water potential corresponding with type, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient and phase are set out
To output coefficient.
Specifically, minimum soil water potential corresponding with type is set as Ψd, maximum soil water potential is set as Ψu, coerce penalty coefficient
It is set as δ, fractional yield coefficient is set as β, wherein Ψd、Ψu, the value of δ and β it is undetermined.
Minimum soil water potential sets Ψd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta and crop kind
Class is corresponding, i.e., for the crop of a certain type, has the minimum soil water potential of corresponding fixation to set Ψd, maximum Tu Shui
Gesture Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta.
In step s 102, the calibration obtained at least four pieces of farmlands uses crop in the calibration water absorption of every day breeding time
Distribution.
Specifically, according to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0The calibration respectively obtained in four pieces of calibration farmlands is used as
Calibration water absorption distribution of the object within every day breeding time, wherein tiIt calibration water absorption distributionIt is carried out using following formula
It calculates:Wherein x refers to that depth, water absorption are distributed the water absorption and depth x for referring to root system
Between relationship.
Breeding time number of days n refers to total number of days that plant growth is undergone to mature needs, when longest root refers to crop maturity deeply
The attainable depth capacity of root system institute.Coefficient of growth a is equal to the deep ratio with breeding time number of days of longest root, characterizes crop root
The length of daily average production.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root
Deep HmaxIt inquires and obtains from database all in accordance with type.Potential water suction corresponding with crop species is previously stored in database
Rate ω0, breeding time number of days n, longest root depth Hmax。
As another alternative embodiment, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest
Root depth HmaxIt can also inquire and obtain from reference book or database and other related datas.
In the present embodiment,According to root system depth HiWith time tiRelationshipAnd calibration water absorption distributionWith root system depth HiRelationshipIt calculates
It arrives, it is specific to calculate that process is as follows: specific to calculate the following basis of processIt is found that can utilizeCome
Indicate Hi, thus willIn HiWithIt replaces, obtains
In step s 103, the calibration obtained at least four pieces of farmlands is rising with the calibration of crop every day within breeding time
Evaporation capacity.
Specifically, the calibration obtained respectively at least four pieces calibration farmlands is steamed with the calibration of crop every day within breeding time
Evaporation capacity is risen, wherein tiIt calibration Evapotranspiration is
In the present embodiment, calibration Evapotranspiration according to type, daily collected temperature, rainfall, relative humidity,
Wind speed and sunshine duration are calculated using Penman formula, and Penman formula is also known as Peng Manmengdisi formula (Penman
Monteith Equation), refer to by the formula of the H.L. Peng Man calculating plant evaporation ability proposed.
In step S104, the calibration soil water potential of soil every day within breeding time at least four pieces of farmlands is obtained respectively
Distribution.
Specifically, the calibration soil water potential point of soil every day within breeding time at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained respectively
Cloth, wherein tiIt calibration soil water potential is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth.
Soil water potential refers to for pure water table, potential energy possessed by the soil water.When moisture enters soil hole
In gap, the effects of gravitation of the soil by adsorption capacity, capillary force, gravity and solute ions, matric potential can be generated respectively and (including is inhaled
Attached gesture, capillary potential), gravitational potential, solute potential and pressure potential etc., the summation of these energy is exactly soil water potential.The soil water potential of soil can
To be measured using the pressure gage buried in the soil, the pressure that the registration of pressure gage, i.e. pressure measure is exactly the embedded place of pressure gage
Soil possessed by soil water potential.
In the present embodiment, the distribution of calibration soil water potential is surveyed according to the pressure gage of embedded at least one depth in the soil
Soil water potential out is fitted to obtain using interpolation method, wherein soil water potential pressure as measured by pressure gage of depth where pressure gage
Intensity values indicate.
It is understood that multiple and different depths in soil are embedded with pressure gage, using interpolation method to multiple groups soil
After earth depth and its corresponding soil water potential data are fitted, so that it may obtain a depth of soil and corresponding soil water potential it
Between functional relation, which is continuous, and characterizes soil water potential distribution.
Although being that no depth capacity limits on soil water potential distribution theory, can only be grown since crop root is most deep
To HmaxDepth, therefore in embodiments of the present invention, only consider ground to HmaxBetween soil water potential distribution, therefore tiIt mark
Determine soil water potential distributionDomain be (0, Hmax)。
In step s105, minimum soil water potential, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient, the distribution of calibration water absorption, mark are utilized
Determine Evapotranspiration and demarcate the calibration that soil water potential respectively indicates at least four pieces of farmlands always to be coerced with the calibration of crop
Index.
Specifically, it utilizesΨ undeterminedd、ΨuAnd δ, respectively indicate at least four pieces calibration agricultures
Calibration in field always coerces index TSDL with the calibration of cropCalibration, demarcate total stress index TSDLCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
As a kind of alternative embodiment, utilizeΨ undeterminedd、ΨuAnd δ, respectively indicate to
Calibration in few four pieces of calibration farmland always coerces index TSDL with the calibration of cropCalibrationProcess it is as follows:
First withΨ undeterminedd、ΨuAnd δ, it respectively indicates at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Calibration coerces index SDL with the daily calibration of cropCalibration, daily calibration stress index SDLCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Stress index SDL will be demarcated dailyCalibrationIt is cumulative that number of days is carried out within the entire breeding time of crop, obtains demarcating total side of body
Compel index TSDLCalibration:
In the total stress exponential expression of calibration:
In, the x in dx refers to depth, i.e., integrates to depth；HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale
Refer to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil area corresponding to soil water potential in range
Between, HNstrRefer to the non-stress locale of root zone, non-stress locale refers to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd,
Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range.
It is understood that variation function not necessarily monotonic function of the soil water potential of soil with depth of soil, therefore
The stress locale of soil and non-stress locale may correspond to multiple depth of soil sections, and stress locale and non-stress locale
Soil from shallow to deep during be possible to be alternately present. Limit of integration be exactly institute
Depth intervals where some stress locales, Limit of integration be exactly all non-stress
Depth intervals where region.
Such as in tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionDomain (0, Hmax) in, in 0-2cm, 4- of soil
In these three sections 6cm, 8-10cm, soil water potential does not fall within (Ψd, Ψu) in range, therefore 0-2cm, 4-6cm, 8-10cm this
Three sections are exactly the stress locale H of root zonestre；And in these three sections 2-4cm, 6-8cm, 10-12cm of soil, Tu Shui
Gesture has fallen in (Ψa, Ψu) in range, therefore these three sections 2-4cm, 6-8cm, 10-12cm are exactly the non-stress locale of root zone
HNstr。
ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
The total stress exponential expression TSDL of calibrationCalibrationValue it is bigger, show that environment-stress is more obvious, i.e., environment is more unsuitable
Plant growth then causes crop yield also lower, below stress index TSDL total to calibrationCalibrationVarious pieces in expression formula
Carry out specific explanations:
In the total stress exponential expression of calibration:
In,It is that will demarcate the calibration Evapotranspiration with crop every day within breeding time for mark
Fixed total stress index TSDLCalibrationInfluence account for.Evapotranspiration refers to the Evapotranspiration of crop aerial part, if making
Object is very big in the Evapotranspiration of the aerial part of some day, and root system then needs to absorb water of more moisture to keep crop
Divide abundance, is that there are environment-stress, then at this time if the soil environment where root system is unfavorable for root system
Influence of this environment-stress for crop will be amplified, thereforeWith the total stress index TSDL of calibrationCalibrationBetween be to be in
It is positively related.
In the total stress exponential expression of calibration: In, since the suitable soil water potential section of crop is
(Ψd, Ψu), tiIt calibration soil water potential is distributedTherefore section is coercedEmbody soil
The soil water potential for coercing soil in section deviates the degree of suitable soil water potential, It is by soil
Stress locale in soil soil water potential deviate be suitable for soil water potential degree and tiIt calibration water absorption distributionIt is right
The depth of soil of stress locale is integrated, thus the stress locale for comprehensively considering soil stress index TSDL total to calibrationCalibration's
It influences；Non- stress sectionThe suitable degree of the soil water potential of soil in the non-stress section of soil is embodied,
Defaulting optimum soil water potential is 1/2 (Ψd+Ψu),It is by the non-stress of soil
The suitable degree and t of the soil water potential of soil in regioniIt calibration water absorption distributionTo the soil of non-stress locale
Depth is integrated, multiplied by stress penalty coefficient δ, to comprehensively consider the non-stress locale of soil to the total stress index of calibration
TSDLCalibrationInfluence.
In the total stress index TSDL of calibrationCalibrationIn expression formula,Preceding is positive sign, is shown
The formula value is bigger, and environment-stress is just more obvious；And the non-stress locale of soil can have certain compensation to imitate stress locale
Fruit, i.e., the negative effect that the presence of non-stress locale (region of suitable for crop growth) can generate stress locale to crop yield
There is certain mitigation effect, therefore Preceding is negative sign, and coerces penalty coefficient δ table
Non- stress locale has been levied to the degree of compensation of stress locale.
Crop is used in calibrationAtmosphere has levied the water absorption distribution of root system, i.e. relationship between water absorption and depth x, and inhales
When water is bigger, if at this time the soil environment where root system be for root system it is unfavorable, that is, there is environment-stress,
Influence of this environment-stress for crop can be similarly amplified, therefore demarcate water absorption distributionRefer to the total stress of calibration
Number TSDLCalibrationIt is positively related.
In step s 106, the mark in fractional yield coefficient and the total stress exponential representation at least four pieces of farmlands of calibration is utilized
Surely the calibration fractional yield ratio of crop is used.
Specifically, the β undetermined and total stress index TSDL of calibration is utilizedCalibrationIndicate the mark at least four pieces calibration farmlands
The fixed calibration fractional yield ratio Y with cropCalibration, fractional yield than refer to crop coerced after actual production and unscared reason
Think the ratio of yield, demarcates fractional yield ratio YCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Above formula is converted, following formula is obtained:
Above formula is unfolded to obtain:
From formulaIn it can also be seen that index TSDL ought be coerced alwaysCalibrationWhen bigger, make
The yield of object is with regard to smaller, because of the total stress exponential expression TSDL of calibrationCalibrationValue it is bigger, show that environment-stress is more obvious, i.e. ring
The more unsuitable plant growth in border, then causes crop yield also lower.
In step s 107, the calibration obtained respectively at least four pieces of farmlands is obtained with the optimal production of crop and actual measurement
Sampling actual production, obtain at least four pieces of farmlands calibration use crop sampling fractional yield ratio.
Specifically, obtain what the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands was obtained with the optimal production of crop and actual measurement respectively
Actual production is sampled, according to sampling actual production and optimal production, crop is used in the calibration obtained at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Sampling fractional yield ratio YSampling, sample fractional yield ratio YSamplingEqual to the calibration sampling actual production of crop and optimal production
Ratio.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands can be according to crop with the optimal production of crop
Type is inquired from database and is obtained.
As another alternative embodiment, the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands can also be passed through with the optimal production of crop
Planting experiment in ideal circumstances obtains.
In the present embodiment, the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands can be at least four with the sampling actual production of crop
Calibration in block calibration farmland is weighed after carrying out harvesting processing with crop and is obtained, i.e. sampling actual production embodies at least four pieces marks
Determine the true production that crop is used in the calibration in farmland.
It is more total than substitution calibration with the sampling fractional yield of crop using the calibration at least four pieces of farmlands in step S108
Coerce the calibration fractional yield ratio in the relationship of index and calibration fractional yield ratio.
Specifically, the sampling fractional yield ratio Y of crop of the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is utilizedSamplingSubstitution
In YCalibration, obtain at least four groups of following formulas:
In above formula only and the corresponding minimum soil water potential Ψ of typed, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and
Fractional yield factor beta is unknowm coefficient, other are known quantity, therefore be can be realized:
In step S109, obtains and make by solving quaternary linear function group according at least four groups of equatioies after substitution
The value of the corresponding minimum soil water potential of species, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient and fractional yield coefficient.
Specifically, according at least four groups of above formulas, by solving quaternary linear function group, obtain it is corresponding with crop species most
Small soil water potential Ψd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta value.
Determine minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with typed, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and opposite produce
After the value of coefficient of discharge β, i.e., it can compare computation model using the value and fractional yield of this four undetermined coefficientsThe yield of the type crop in other any farmlands to be predicted is predicted, that is, enters the
Two processes.
Second process includes step S110, S111, S112, S113, S114, S115, S116 and S117, below will be to each step
Suddenly it is specifically introduced.
Before second process of progress, it is necessary first to determine the specific field for wanting prediction, the crop planted in the field
Type needs the minimum soil water potential Ψ determined in the process with firstd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and opposite
The corresponding crop species of output coefficient β are identical, i.e., identical with the type of crop with calibration, such as when calibration with crop is corn
When, the crop planted in farmland to be predicted should also be corn.
In step s 110, the water absorption for obtaining crop in farmland to be predicted in every day breeding time is distributed.
Specifically, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type is obtained0, breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, root
According to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0Water absorption distribution of the crop within every day breeding time in farmland to be predicted is obtained,
Wherein tiIt water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:Wherein x refers to depth
Degree, water absorption distribution refer to the relationship between the water absorption of root system and depth x.
Breeding time number of days n refers to total number of days that plant growth is undergone to mature needs, when longest root refers to crop maturity deeply
The attainable depth capacity of root system institute.Coefficient of growth a is equal to the deep ratio with breeding time number of days of longest root, characterizes crop root
The length of daily average production.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root
Deep HmaxIt inquires and obtains from database all in accordance with type.Potential water suction corresponding with crop species is previously stored in database
Rate ω0, breeding time number of days n, longest root depth Hmax。
As another alternative embodiment, potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time number of days n and longest
Root depth HmaxIt can also inquire and obtain from reference book.
In the present embodiment,According to root system depth HiWith time tiRelationshipAnd water absorption distributionWith root system depth HiRelationshipReckoning obtains, tool
Body calculates that process is as follows:
According toIt is found that can utilizeTo indicate Hi, thus will In HiWithIt replaces, obtains
In step S111, Evapotranspiration of the crop in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained.
Specifically, Evapotranspiration of the crop in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt
Evapotranspiration be
In the present embodiment, the Evapotranspiration of crop in farmland every day within breeding time to be predicted is according to Crop Species
Class, collected temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine duration are calculated using Penman formula daily, Peng Man
Formula is also known as Peng Manmengdisi formula (Penman Monteith Equation) and refers to the calculating plant proposed by H.L. Peng Man
The formula of evaporability.
In step S112, soil water potential distribution of the Farmland Soil to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained.
Specifically, soil water potential distribution of the soil in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt
Soil water potential be distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth.
Soil water potential refers to for pure water table, potential energy possessed by the soil water.When moisture enters soil hole
In gap, the effects of gravitation of the soil by adsorption capacity, capillary force, gravity and solute ions, matric potential can be generated respectively and (including is inhaled
Attached gesture, capillary potential), gravitational potential, solute potential and pressure potential etc., the summation of these energy is exactly soil water potential.The soil water potential of soil can
To be measured using the pressure gage buried in the soil, the pressure that the registration of pressure gage, i.e. pressure measure is exactly soil at pressure gage
Possessed soil water potential.
In the present embodiment, the soil water potential distribution basis of soil in farmland every day in Crop growing stage to be predicted is buried
If soil water potential measured by the pressure gage of at least one depth is fitted to obtain using interpolation method in the soil, wherein pressure gage
The soil water potential of place depth pressure values as measured by pressure gage indicate.
It is understood that multiple and different depths in soil in farmland to be predicted are embedded with pressure gage, pressure
The measured pressure values of meter just represent the soil water potential at the pressure gage depth of burying, using interpolation method to multiple groups depth of soil and
After its corresponding soil water potential data is fitted, so that it may which the function obtained between a depth of soil and corresponding soil water potential closes
System, which is continuous.
In step S113, minimum soil water potential corresponding with type, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient and phase are obtained
To the value of output coefficient.
Specifically, minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with type is obtainedd, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and phase
To the value of output coefficient β.
Minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with typed, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta
Value be computed during first, therefore can directly acquire.
In step S114, minimum soil water potential, maximum soil water potential, stress penalty coefficient, water absorption distribution, rising steaming are utilized
Hair amount and soil water potential distribution indicate that index is always coerced in the prediction in farmland to be predicted.
Specifically, it utilizesAnd δ, obtain the total stress of prediction in farmland to be predicted
Index TSDLPrediction, predict total stress index TSDLPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
As a kind of alternative embodiment, utilizeThe Ψ determinedd、ΨuAnd the value of δ, difference table
Show the total stress index TSDL of prediction in farmland to be predictedPredictionProcess it is as follows:
First withThe Ψ determinedd、ΨuAnd δ, respectively indicate crop in farmland to be predicted
The daily total stress index SDL of predictionPrediction, daily prediction stress index SDLPredictionIt is indicated using following formula:
Stress index SDL will be predicted dailyPredictionIt is cumulative that number of days is carried out within the entire breeding time of crop, obtains predicting always coercing
Compel index TSDLPrediction:
Wherein, the x in dx refers to depth, i.e., integrates to depth；HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale refers to ti
It soil water potential distributionIn do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to root
The non-stress locale in area, non-stress locale refer to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) soil water potential in range
Corresponding depth of soil section, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
In step sl 15, it using the value of the total stress index of prediction and fractional yield coefficient, obtains in farmland to be predicted
Prediction fractional yield ratio.
Specifically, the total stress index TSDL of prediction is utilizedPredictionAnd β, obtain prediction fractional yield ratio in farmland to be predicted
YPrediction, fractional yield than refer to crop coerced after actual production and unscared optimal production ratio, predict fractional yield
Compare YPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
In step S116, the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted is obtained.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted can be looked into from database according to type
Inquiry obtains.
As another alternative embodiment, the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted can also be by ideal circumstances
Planting experiment obtain.
In step S117, it would be desirable to which yield is multiplied with prediction fractional yield ratio, obtains the pre- of crop in farmland to be predicted
Survey actual production.
Specifically, it would be desirable to yield and prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, obtains the prediction of crop in farmland to be predicted
Actual production.
The ratio of actual production and unscared optimal production after being coerced due to fractional yield than finger crop,
By optimal production and prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, the prediction actual production of crop can be obtained, to realize using to pre-
Survey the water absorption distribution of crop in farmlandThe Evapotranspiration of cropThe soil water potential of soilAnd in first mistake
The four unknowm coefficient Ψ determined in journeyd、Ψu, the value of δ and β and the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted, utilize
Computation model is compared in fractional yield The actual production of crop in farmland to be predicted is carried out pre-
It surveys.
After repeatedly testing, discovery uses the crop yield provided in an embodiment of the present invention for comprehensively considering water and saline stress
When prediction technique predicts the yield of crop, the regression coefficient R of prediction result2> 0.80, and relative error is less than
10.0%.
The beneficial effect of technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes at least:
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of crop production forecast methods for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, for a certain kind
The actual production of the crop of class is predicted that method includes: acquisition potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with type0, breeding time day
Number n and longest root depth Hmax；According to breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, coefficient of growth a corresponding with type is obtained,
Coefficient of growthAccording to coefficient of growth a and potential rate of water absorption ω0It is every in breeding time to obtain crop in farmland to be predicted
Intraday water absorption distribution, wherein tiIt water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:Wherein x refers to depth, and water absorption distribution refers between the water absorption of root system and depth x
Relationship；Evapotranspiration of the crop in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt evaporation and transpiration
Amount isSoil water potential distribution of the soil in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt soil water potential
It is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x；Obtain minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with typed、
Maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta value；It utilizes
And δ, obtain the total stress index TSDL of prediction in farmland to be predictedPrediction, predict total stress index TSDLPredictionUsing following formula meter
It calculates:
Wherein, x refers to depth x, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, stress locale refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn
Do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress locale of root zone, the non-side of body
Urgent region refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil area corresponding to soil water potential in range
Between, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the total stress index TSDL of predictionPredictionAnd β, obtain prediction fractional yield ratio Y in farmland to be predictedPrediction, phase
The ratio of actual production and unscared optimal production after being coerced than finger crop yield, predicts fractional yield ratio YPrediction
It is calculated using following formula:
Obtain the optimal production of crop in farmland to be predicted；By optimal production and prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, obtains
To the prediction actual production of crop in farmland to be predicted.Due to having unified arid, flooded stain from the angle of energy using soil water potential
With Salt Strees Condition effect, the variation coerced on root zone room and time is generally changed, soil water profit can be indicated simultaneously by foring
The total stress index influenced with salinity.Arid, flooded stain and salinity can only individually be described by having evaded traditional crop production prediction method
Root zone change in time and space and stress benefit could not be considered by endangering the deficiency influenced on plant growth and traditional crop production prediction method
The problem of repaying can more accurately predict crop yield and effectively instruct irrigated area drought and waterlogging and saline and alkaline prevention and control, and improve
The complexity of prediction is also reduced while the precision of prediction of crop yield.
In this application, it should be understood that term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as
Indication or suggestion relative importance or the quantity for implicitly indicating indicated technical characteristic.
The above is merely for convenience of it will be understood by those skilled in the art that technical solution of the present invention, not to limit
The present invention.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in this
The protection scope of invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of crop production forecast method for comprehensively considering water and saline stress, for the crop to a certain type actual production into
Row prediction, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Obtain potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with the type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax；
According to the breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, coefficient of growth a corresponding with the type is obtained, it is described
Coefficient of growth
According to the coefficient of growth a and the potential rate of water absorption ω0It is each in breeding time to obtain crop described in farmland to be predicted
Water absorption distribution in it, wherein tiIt water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:
Wherein x refers to depth, and the water absorption distribution refers to the relationship between the water absorption of root system and depth x；
Evapotranspiration of the crop described in farmland to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt evaporation and transpiration
Amount is
Soil water potential distribution of the Farmland Soil to be predicted within every day breeding time is obtained, wherein tiIt soil water potential is distributed asThe soil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x；
Obtain minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with the typed, maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield
The value of factor beta；
It utilizesΨd、ΨuAnd δ, obtain the total stress index TSDL of prediction in farmland to be predictedPrediction, institute
State the total stress index TSDL of predictionPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
Wherein, x refers to depth, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, the stress locale refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn
Do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress locale of root zone, it is described
Non- stress locale refers to tiIt soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil corresponding to soil water potential in range
Section, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the total stress index TSDL of the predictionPredictionAnd β, obtain prediction fractional yield ratio Y in farmland to be predictedPrediction, phase
The ratio of actual production and unscared optimal production after being coerced than finger crop yield, the prediction fractional yield ratio
YPredictionIt is calculated using following formula:
Obtain the optimal production of the crop in farmland to be predicted；
By the optimal production and the prediction fractional yield ratio YPredictionIt is multiplied, obtains the prediction of crop described in farmland to be predicted
Actual production.
2. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to obtain minimum soil water potential Ψ corresponding with the typed、
Maximum soil water potential Ψu, stress penalty coefficient δ and fractional yield factor beta before, the method also includes:
Minimum soil water potential corresponding with the type is set as Ψd, maximum soil water potential is set as Ψu, coerce penalty coefficient and be set as δ, phase
β is set as to output coefficient, wherein the Ψd、Ψu, the value of δ and β it is undetermined；
Obtain potential rate of water absorption ω corresponding with the type0, breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax；
According to the breeding time number of days n and longest root depth Hmax, coefficient of growth a corresponding with the type is obtained, it is described
Coefficient of growth
According to the coefficient of growth a and the potential rate of water absorption ω0The calibration respectively obtained in four pieces of calibration farmlands is existed with crop
Calibration water absorption distribution in every day breeding time, wherein tiIt calibration water absorption distributionIt is calculated using following formula:
The calibration Evapotranspiration that crop every day within breeding time is used in the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained respectively,
In tiIt calibration Evapotranspiration is
The calibration soil water potential distribution for obtaining soil every day within breeding time at least four pieces calibration farmlands respectively, wherein ti
It calibration soil water potential is distributed asSoil water potential distribution refers to the relationship between soil water potential and depth x；
It utilizesΨ undeterminedd、ΨuAnd δ, the calibration respectively indicated at least four pieces calibration farmlands are used
Index TSDL is always coerced in the calibration of cropCalibration, the total stress index TSDL of calibrationCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Wherein, x refers to depth, HstreRefer to the stress locale of root zone, the stress locale refers to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn do not fall in (Ψd, Ψu) depth of soil section corresponding to soil water potential in range, HNstrRefer to the non-stress area of root zone
Domain, the non-stress locale refer to tiIt calibration soil water potential distributionIn fall in (Ψd, Ψu) the soil water potential institute in range is right
The depth of soil section answered, ΨduTo coerce decision threshold, ΨduValue rule be shown below:
In stress locale HstreIn:
In non-stress locale HNstrIn:
Utilize the β undetermined and total stress index TSDL of the calibrationCalibrationIndicate that crop is used in the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Calibration fractional yield ratio YCalibration, fractional yield is than referring to actual production and unscared optimal production after crop is coerced
Ratio, the calibration fractional yield ratio YCalibrationIt is indicated using following formula:
Above formula is converted, following formula is obtained:
Above formula is unfolded to obtain:
The practical production of sampling that the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlands is obtained with the optimal production of crop and actual measurement is obtained respectively
Amount；
According to the sampling actual production and the optimal production, crop is used in the calibration obtained at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Sample fractional yield ratio YSampling, the sampling fractional yield ratio YSamplingEqual to calibration with the sampling actual production of crop with it is described
The ratio of optimal production；
Utilize the sampling fractional yield ratio Y of crop of the calibration at least four pieces calibration farmlandsSamplingSubstitution
In YCalibration, obtain at least four groups of following formulas:
According at least four groups of above formulas, the corresponding minimum soil water potential Ψ of the undetermined and described type is obtainedd, the maximum Tu Shui
Gesture Ψu, it is described stress penalty coefficient δ and the fractional yield factor beta value.
3. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that describedAccording to root system depth
HiWith time tiRelationshipAnd water absorption distributionWith root system depth HiRelationshipIt obtains.
4. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the potential rate of water absorption corresponding with the type
ω0, the breeding time number of days n, the longest root depth HmaxAnd the optimal production is looked into from database all in accordance with the type
Inquiry obtains.
5. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Evapotranspiration and the equal root of the calibration Evapotranspiration
According to the type, collected temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine duration utilize Penman formula calculating daily
It obtains.
6. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the soil water potential distribution and the calibration soil water potential are distributed equal root
It is fitted to obtain using interpolation method according to soil water potential measured by the embedded pressure gage of at least one depth in the soil, wherein pressure
Soil water potential pressure values as measured by pressure gage of depth indicate where strong meter.
7. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the calibration institute of crop at least four pieces calibration farmlands
Sampling actual production is stated to weigh and obtain after the calibration for demarcating in farmland at least four pieces carries out harvesting processing with crop.
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| CN110689191A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-14 | 深圳前海微众银行股份有限公司 | Agricultural insurance compensation amount prediction method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN111105320A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-05 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for predicting crop yield based on waterlogging stress |
| CN111105320B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-09-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for predicting crop yield based on waterlogging stress |
| CN113705937A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-11-26 | 武汉大学 | Crop yield estimation method combining machine vision and crop model |
| CN115343422A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-15 | 武汉大学 | Rice transpiration calculation method based on improved Feddes model |
| CN116756591A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-15 | 航天信德智图（北京）科技有限公司 | Remote sensing oil tea yield estimation method based on water stress condition yield estimation model |
| CN116756591B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-12-08 | 航天信德智图（北京）科技有限公司 | Remote sensing oil tea yield estimation method based on water stress condition yield estimation model |
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