CN109332694A - High performance 3 d prints precious metal material and the method using precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments - Google Patents

High performance 3 d prints precious metal material and the method using precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109332694A
CN109332694A CN201811340623.8A CN201811340623A CN109332694A CN 109332694 A CN109332694 A CN 109332694A CN 201811340623 A CN201811340623 A CN 201811340623A CN 109332694 A CN109332694 A CN 109332694A
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China
Prior art keywords
printing
metal material
precious metal
noble metal
ornaments
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Pending
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CN201811340623.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹荔松
涂驰周
马思琪
蓝键
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Wuyi University
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Wuyi University
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Priority to CN201811340623.8A priority Critical patent/CN109332694A/en
Publication of CN109332694A publication Critical patent/CN109332694A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/065—Spherical particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/368—Temperature or temperature gradient, e.g. temperature of the melt pool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses high performance 3 d print precious metal material, including shape be the noble metal powder of ball-type, particle size between 5um~30um, noble metal powder be copper alloy, 925 silver medals, karat gold it is any, oxygen content be less than 150ppm, partial size be 10-30 μm；Powder yield is greater than 80%.The oxygen content that the high performance 3 d prints the noble metal powder of precious metal material is low, sphericity is high, fine powder recovery rate is high, impurity content is extremely low；And utilize the quality of 3D printing ornaments obtained by the method for precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments is high, the period is short, at low cost, forming quickly, also have many advantages, such as high precision, internal low defect, outside bloom.

Description

High performance 3 d prints precious metal material and prepares 3D printing ornaments using precious metal material Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting dusty material more particularly to high performance 3 d printing precious metal material and Utilize the method for precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments.
Background technique
The fast development of 3D printing technique becomes the emphasis of domestic and international rapid prototyping technology research in recent years.Currently, The strategic height that the U.S., Europe and Japan all stations are competed in 21 century manufacturing industry, has put into rapid prototyping technology and has largely ground Study carefully, rapidly develops 3D printing technique.In national defence, European and American developed countries pay much attention to answering for 3D printing technique With, and put into huge fund and develop increasing material manufacturing metal parts, answering in the manufacture of high value material components is especially pushed energetically With.
3D printing material is the important material base of 3D printing technique development, and to a certain extent, the development of material determines 3D printing can have wider application.Currently, 3D printing material mainly includes engineering plastics, photosensitive resin, rubber material Material, metal material and ceramic material etc., in addition to this, coloured plaster material, artificial bone meal, cell biological raw material and granulated sugar etc. Food material is also applied in 3D printing field.These raw material used in 3D printing are all specific to 3D printing equipment It is researched and developed with technique, generally has powdered, Filamentous, synusia with different froms, forms such as common plastics, gypsum, resins Shape, liquid etc..In general, according to the type of printing device and the difference of operating condition, used powdered 3D printing material Partial size be 1~100 μm and differ, and in order to make powder keep good mobility, generally require powder that there is high sphericity.
Currently, being applied to the metal powder material of 3D printing mainly has titanium alloy, cochrome, stainless steel and aluminium alloy material Material etc., in addition there are the precious metal powders powder materials such as gold, silver for printing jewellery.The development of domestic Metal Substrate 3D printing material And printing technique, still in laboratory stage, major technology bottleneck is: (1) core powder-making technique and printing technique are insufficient, make At independent research and development capacity deficiency；(2) raw material preparation cost is excessively high, stability is poor, and levels of audit quality is uneven, it is difficult to meet 3D printing The requirement of material；(3) equipment is simple, technique is backward, management level is low.
And the technology of material and its printing shaping technique for dedicated high performance 3 d printing noble metal is more backward, In jewellery sector, lack the dedicated precious metal material for being able to use 3D printing technique, equally lack can fast-ripenin laser at Type printing technique causes the precious metal jewelry come out with 3D printing unstable in quality, and the ornaments production cycle is long, at high cost, It is easy deformation, the surface accuracy of printing-forming is not high and forming efficiency is low, and compactness is insufficient, internal high defect and high reflectance Deng having much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of high performance 3 d printing noble metal material is provided Material and the method for preparing 3D printing ornaments using precious metal material, the high performance 3 d print the noble metal powder of precious metal material Oxygen content is low, sphericity is high, fine powder recovery rate is high, impurity content is extremely low；And the precious metal material is utilized to prepare 3D printing ornaments Method obtained by 3D printing ornaments quality it is high, the period is short, at low cost, forming quickly, also have that precision is high, internal low lacks The advantages that sunken, external bloom.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: high performance 3 d prints precious metal material, including shape Shape is the noble metal powder of ball-type, particle size between 5um~30um, and noble metal powder is times of copper alloy, 925 silver medals, karat gold One kind, oxygen content are less than 150ppm, and partial size is 10-30 μm；Powder yield is greater than 80%.
In addition, the invention further relates to a kind of method using high performance 3 d printing precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments, The following steps are included:
(1) using bar clamp drive mechanism clamping alloy bar, melting forms prealloy, bar folder under vacuum conditions The revolving speed for holding driving mechanism is 25000rpm, to improve the fine powder recovery rate and granularity controlled level of noble metal powder；
(2) prealloy is formed alloy molten liquid by vacuum induction melting with induction heating mode；
(3) alloy molten liquid be atomized in vacuum cavity by high pressure inert jet-impingement to be formed mist pearl and rapidly it is cooling, Obtain noble metal powder；The intracorporal vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 5 × 10-4Pa, leak rate is 3.99 × 10-5Pa·l/s；
(4) be pre-adjusted the laser power of high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, spot size, scanning speed, Powdering thickness, noble metal powder are fused into molding by carrying out laser in high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, finally 3D printing ornaments are obtained, meets high precision, inside low defect requirement, external bloom requirement etc. and requires.
In step (4), the accurate metal that controls melts soup temperature, molten soup flow velocity, protective atmosphere, jet air pressure, jet flow velocity Deng the morphology and size of control powder particle, sphericity height, powder of the particle size between 5um~30um are formed.In step (5) in, the high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system of use can optimize the performance of jewellery component, forming accuracy, forming effect Rate reduces deformation and reduces the influence of interior tissue, obtain high quality, short cycle, inexpensive Quick-forming 3D printing ornaments, 3D printing jewelry surface precision after forming is less than 0.1mm, and material density reaches 99%.
Further, noble metal powder is also reduced using steam heating removing system in the vacuum atomizing of the step (3) Impurity and pollution.
Further, when in the step (4) using high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, basal plate preheating temperature It is 25~300 DEG C, reduces product internal temperature gradient in 3D printing ornaments early period.By control base board preheating temperature, beaten in 3D Printing early period reduces product internal temperature gradient, effectively reduces thermal stress of the product in print procedure, inhibits deformation.
In conclusion the oxygen content of the noble metal powder of high performance 3 d printing precious metal material of the invention is low, sphericity High, fine powder recovery rate height, impurity content are extremely low；And 3D obtained by the method for precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments is utilized to beat The quality of print ornaments is high, the period is short, at low cost, forming is quick, also has precision height, internal low defect, external bloom etc. excellent Point.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
High performance 3 d described in the present embodiment 1 prints precious metal material, including shape is ball-type, particle size in 5um Noble metal powder between~30um, noble metal powder be copper alloy, 925 silver medals, karat gold it is any, oxygen content be less than 150ppm, Partial size is 10-30 μm；Powder yield is greater than 80%.
In addition, the present embodiment 1 further relates to a kind of side using high performance 3 d printing precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments Method, comprising the following steps:
(1) using bar clamp drive mechanism clamping alloy bar, melting forms prealloy, bar folder under vacuum conditions The revolving speed for holding driving mechanism is 25000rpm, to improve the fine powder recovery rate and granularity controlled level of noble metal powder；
(2) prealloy is formed alloy molten liquid by vacuum induction melting with induction heating mode；
(3) alloy molten liquid be atomized in vacuum cavity by high pressure inert jet-impingement to be formed mist pearl and rapidly it is cooling, Obtain noble metal powder；The intracorporal vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 5 × 10-4Pa, leak rate is 3.99 × 10-5Pa·l/s；
(4) be pre-adjusted the laser power of high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, spot size, scanning speed, Powdering thickness, noble metal powder are fused into molding by carrying out laser in high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, finally 3D printing ornaments are obtained, meets high precision, inside low defect requirement, external bloom requirement etc. and requires.
In step (4), the accurate metal that controls melts soup temperature, molten soup flow velocity, protective atmosphere, jet air pressure, jet flow velocity Deng the morphology and size of control powder particle, sphericity height, powder of the particle size between 5um~30um are formed.In step (5) in, the high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system of use can optimize the performance of jewellery component, forming accuracy, forming effect Rate reduces deformation and reduces the influence of interior tissue, obtain high quality, short cycle, inexpensive Quick-forming 3D printing ornaments, 3D printing jewelry surface precision after forming is less than 0.1mm, and material density reaches 99%.
Impurity and the dirt of noble metal powder are also reduced in the vacuum atomizing of the step (3) using steam heating removing system Dye.
When in the step (4) using high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, basal plate preheating temperature is 25~300 DEG C, product internal temperature gradient is reduced in 3D printing ornaments early period.By control base board preheating temperature, reduced in 3D printing early period Product internal temperature gradient effectively reduces thermal stress of the product in print procedure, inhibits deformation.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not making any form to technical solution of the present invention On limitation.According to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification to the above embodiments, equivalent variations and repair Decorations, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. high performance 3 d print precious metal material, which is characterized in that including shape be ball-type, particle size 5um~30um it Between noble metal powder, noble metal powder be copper alloy, 925 silver medals, karat gold it is any, oxygen content is less than 150ppm, and partial size is 10-30μm；Powder yield is greater than 80%.
2. a kind of method of the high performance 3 d printing precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments using claim 1, feature exist In, comprising the following steps:
(1) using bar clamp drive mechanism clamping alloy bar, melting forms prealloy under vacuum conditions, and bar clamping is driven The revolving speed of motivation structure is 25000rpm；
(2) prealloy is formed alloy molten liquid by vacuum induction melting with induction heating mode；
(3) alloy molten liquid is atomized to form mist pearl and cool down rapidly, obtain by high pressure inert jet-impingement in vacuum cavity Noble metal powder；The intracorporal vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 5 × 10-4Pa, leak rate is 3.99 × 10-5Pa·l/s；
(4) laser power, spot size, scanning speed, the powdering of high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system are pre-adjusted Thickness, noble metal powder are fused into molding by carrying out laser in high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, finally obtain 3D printing ornaments.
3. utilizing the method for precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (3) impurity and the pollution of noble metal powder are also reduced in vacuum atomizing using steam heating removing system.
4. utilizing the method for precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step (4) when in using high-precision laser selective melting 3D printing system, basal plate preheating temperature is 25~300 DEG C, in 3D printing ornaments Early period reduces product internal temperature gradient.
CN201811340623.8A 2018-11-12 2018-11-12 High performance 3 d prints precious metal material and the method using precious metal material preparation 3D printing ornaments Pending CN109332694A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11621544B1 (en) 2022-01-14 2023-04-04 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same
US11831130B2 (en) 2022-03-29 2023-11-28 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug, spark plug electrode, and method of manufacturing the same
US11870222B2 (en) 2021-05-04 2024-01-09 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same
US11901705B2 (en) 2021-07-22 2024-02-13 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Electrode tip assembly for a spark plug and method of manufacturing the same

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11870222B2 (en) 2021-05-04 2024-01-09 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same
US11901705B2 (en) 2021-07-22 2024-02-13 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Electrode tip assembly for a spark plug and method of manufacturing the same
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