CN109332614B - Cooling control device and method for single-point non-equilibrium casting special-shaped blank crystallizer - Google Patents

Cooling control device and method for single-point non-equilibrium casting special-shaped blank crystallizer Download PDF

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CN109332614B
CN109332614B CN201811339165.6A CN201811339165A CN109332614B CN 109332614 B CN109332614 B CN 109332614B CN 201811339165 A CN201811339165 A CN 201811339165A CN 109332614 B CN109332614 B CN 109332614B
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cooling water
crystallizer
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CN109332614A (en
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李四军
王中学
何飞
彭永香
杜金科
韩蕾蕾
郭达
周俐
张闯
常立忠
王海军
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Laiwu Steel Group Yinshan Section Steel Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/009—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of work of special cross-section, e.g. I-beams, U-profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point unbalanced casting special-shaped blank crystallizer, and belongs to the technical field of continuous casting. The system comprises an offline cooling water amount calculation system, an online real-time control system, a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline; the online real-time control system is electrically connected with the offline cooling water amount calculation system; the on-line real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, wherein two ends of the crystallizer cooling water circulation module are respectively connected with a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline. The invention is beneficial to the temperature homogenization of the special-shaped blank crystallizer, the solidification and the growth of the casting blank and the defect of surface longitudinal crack of the casting blank at the web plate and the fillet, and has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and easy implementation.

Description

Cooling control device and method for single-point non-equilibrium casting special-shaped blank crystallizer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous casting, and particularly relates to a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point unbalanced casting special-shaped blank crystallizer.
Background
A novel technology developed in the United states in the 50 th century in the 20 th century is a continuous casting technology, and the technology is characterized in that molten steel is directly cast and formed, and compared with a traditional casting method, the technology has the advantages of good slab quality, high metal yield and high resource utilization rate. The production process comprises the following steps: firstly, the molten steel is poured into the steel ladle, then the molten steel flows out to the tundish along the steel ladle, the molten steel is subjected to a series of reactions in the tundish, inclusions can be floated upwards and removed in the tundish, the molten steel is purer, then the molten steel can flow into the crystallizer, the crystallizer cools the molten steel through cooling water, the molten steel can be gradually cooled and solidified in the crystallizer, then the molten steel enters the arc-shaped guide section, atomized water sprayed by the nozzles of the secondary cooling zone can be forced to be cooled and solidified, then the atomized water is straightened through the billet drawing straightener, and finally a casting billet with a certain size is cut through the cutting device.
The technology of the beam blank continuous casting can trace back to 60 years in the 20 th century, and the continuous casting experiment of the beam blank is reported in the original Soviet Union as early as 1961. In 5 months 1968, the first i-shaped billet continuous casting machine in the world was built and put into production by ConCAST company of Switzerland, Augoma under the condition of 100t converter cooperation production. In 1973, kawasaki iron and steel company of Japan built a second beam blank continuous casting machine in the world in a water island plant, the continuous casting machine is a large square blank and I-shaped blank compatible continuous casting machine, and the quality of a produced casting blank is greatly improved compared with the prior art. The successful cases give great confidence to other countries in the world, and the countries in the world start to carry out deep research on the beam blank continuous casting technology. Until the 21 st century, the number of continuous beam casters around the world had been quite considerable. The technology of the beam blank continuous casting in China starts later than that in other countries, but develops rapidly, in 1998, the first beam blank continuous casting machine production line in China is built by the Western Mark group of the Martin Steel Commission in the factory, and in the same year, 11 Yuesei steel is introduced into the second beam blank continuous casting machine in China which is designed by the Otto Union company. In 2006, the section steel production line with the specification of H250mm-H900mm was built and put into production in Hebeijin Xixi steel. In 2007, a beam blank continuous casting production line which is independently researched and designed by domestic companies was established in Shanxi Changzhi company. In 2011, a beam caster designed by zhongmei seidi was built in tang shan iron and steel company.
The H-shaped steel has the advantages of reasonable section metal distribution, thin wall, convenient assembly and combination, light weight, large interface modulus and the like. H-shaped profiled blanks can be divided into three categories: extreme near net shape billets, normal profile billets and near net shape profile billets have web thicknesses of about 50 millimeters, less than 50 millimeters and greater than 50 millimeters, respectively. The reduction ratio of the mill determines the thickness of the H-beam web and flange. The construction of the beam blank continuous casting machine is substantially the same as that of the billet continuous casting machine except that the shape of the mold and the layout of the secondary cooling zone support rollers are different. Compared with the traditional continuous casting of casting blanks (square blanks, round blanks and plate blanks), the continuous casting of the beam blank has the unique characteristics:
(1) 4 surfaces and 4 corners exist in the square billet crystallizer and the slab crystallizer, 12 surfaces and 12 corners exist in the beam blank continuous casting crystallizer, the shape of an inner cavity is very complex, and the cooling conditions of the 12 surfaces and the 12 corners are different, so that the uneven solidification of a casting blank shell in the crystallizer is easily caused.
(2) Open nozzle casting is usually adopted, and because the web and the flange of the special-shaped blank are thinner, the distance from the molten steel cast flow of the tundish to the liquid level of the crystallizer is usually shortened to reduce the scouring of the initial solidified blank shell.
(3) The special-shaped blank has relatively large surface area, fast heat dissipation, easy reduction of the temperature of the casting blank, complete solidification in the secondary cooling zone stage, and short metallurgical length; in a drawing and straightening area, the local surface temperature of a casting blank is difficult to be out of a low-temperature brittleness area of various steels, so that the existing surface cracks of the casting blank are easy to expand in the straightening process.
(4) The sectional shape of the beam blank is complex, and quality defects such as cracks are easy to generate, and the like, because the difference of the heat dissipation conditions of all points on the sectional surface of the beam blank is large, the temperature difference of all points on the sectional surface is large compared with that of the traditional continuous casting.
In the continuous casting process, the solidification and heat transfer of molten steel in the crystallizer have important influence on the quality of a casting blank. In the production process, if the cooling system of the crystallizer is unreasonable, the thickness of an initial solidified shell of a casting blank is uneven, stress concentration can be generated at the weak part of the shell, and when the tensile stress applied to the solidification front exceeds a critical value, various crack defects are formed on the surface of the casting blank; meanwhile, the uneven thickness of the initial solidified shell also causes the different circumferential parts of the casting blank in the crystallizer to have different capabilities of resisting solidification deformation, and when the solidification shrinkage action of the corner of the crystallizer is stronger or rolling is generated due to solidification shrinkage, a surface longitudinal depression is formed at the solidification weak part of the casting blank. Therefore, the above technical problems need to be solved.
Through search, the Chinese patent application numbers are: 201210335743.5, filing date: 9/11/2012, the name of invention creation is: the system comprises an initial water flow setting module, an average heat flow density calculation module of each surface, a symmetrical surface average heat flow density comparison module, a water flow resetting module and a safe water flow judgment module. The invention can provide more uniform cooling conditions of the crystallizer, is beneficial to the balanced and symmetrical heat transfer of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and simultaneously improves the automation and intelligence level of the crystallizer through the refined dynamic setting of the cooling water flow of the crystallizer; however, the flow field in the single-point unbalanced casting special-shaped blank crystallizer is very asymmetric, so that the nonuniformity of heat transfer and flow in the crystallizer is aggravated, the continuous casting process condition is worsened, and more serious challenges are provided for the quality of a casting blank and the smooth continuous casting process.
For another example, the chinese patent application No. is: 201410399554.3, filing date: 8, month and 14 in 2014, the name of the invention and creature is: the cooling water control device and the cooling water control method for the crystallizer comprise a continuous casting crystallizer, wherein the inlet end of the continuous casting crystallizer is connected with a water inlet main line, and the inner arc, the outer arc, the left side and the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer are respectively connected with an inner arc water return branch, an outer arc water return branch, a left side water return branch and a right side water return branch; the water inlet main path is provided with a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of inlet water; the inner arc backwater branch, the outer arc backwater branch, the left backwater branch and the right backwater branch are respectively provided with a second temperature sensor for detecting the backwater temperature of each branch, an electromagnetic flowmeter for counting the backwater flow of each branch and a pneumatic film regulating valve; the cooling water quantity of the inner arc and the outer arc, the left side and the right side of the crystallizer are calculated according to the factors of steel type, pulling speed, water inlet temperature, temperature difference between water inlet and return water, superheat degree of molten steel, section size of a casting blank and the like, and PID adjustment of the water quantity is realized through an electromagnetic flowmeter and a pneumatic regulating valve. During pouring, the heat transfer of a casting blank is improved, and the occurrence rate of surface defects is reduced; but the problems of uneven cooling of the crystallizer caused by uneven temperature distribution of free liquid level and extremely uneven temperature distribution of the special blank crystallizer due to single-point unbalanced casting cannot be solved.
As described above, both patent documents provide solutions to a cooling apparatus and a cooling method for a mold, but both of them cannot solve the problems of uneven mold cooling and increased casting defects caused by uneven single-point unbalanced casting of a preform, extremely uneven mold temperature distribution, excessive surface temperature difference, and uneven free surface temperature distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problem that the cooling of a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer is not uniform by the existing crystallizer cooling control device and control method, and provides a cooling control device of a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer, which can effectively solve the problem that the cooling of the single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer is not uniform, is beneficial to the temperature homogenization of the beam blank crystallizer, the asymmetric and balanced heat transfer of molten steel in the crystallizer, is beneficial to the solidification and growth of a casting blank, ensures that the crystallizer is not easy to leak, and improves the defect of surface longitudinal cracks of the casting blank at a web plate and a fillet.
The invention also aims to provide a cooling control method of the single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer, which utilizes the cooling control device of the single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer to realize the self feedback of an online real-time control system, and an offline cooling water amount calculation system guides the online real-time control system, and the online real-time control system corrects the functions of the offline cooling water amount calculation system.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a cooling control device of a single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer, which comprises an off-line cooling water amount calculation system, an on-line real-time control system, a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline, wherein the off-line cooling water amount calculation system is connected with the on-line real-time control system;
the online real-time control system is electrically connected with the offline cooling water amount calculation system;
the on-line real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, wherein the crystallizer cooling water circulation module is electrically connected with the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, the crystallizer cooling water circulation module comprises a wide-surface inner arc cooling module, a wide-surface outer arc cooling module, a narrow-surface left side cooling module and a narrow-surface right side cooling module, and a main water inlet pipeline and a main water outlet pipeline are respectively connected with two ends of the wide-surface inner arc cooling module, the wide-surface outer arc cooling module, the narrow-surface left side cooling module and the narrow-surface right side cooling module;
the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit comprises a wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit, a narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit and a narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit; the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling module, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is electrically connected with the wide-surface outer arc cooling module, the narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is electrically connected with the narrow-surface left side cooling module, and the narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is electrically connected with the narrow-surface right side cooling module.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the wide-surface inner arc cooling module comprises a wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument; one end of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water inlet main pipeline, the other end of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipeline, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermodetector, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet thermodetector are arranged on the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe according to the flowing direction of cooling water, and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve, the wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermodetector and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet thermodetector are electrically connected with a wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature;
the wide-surface outer arc cooling module comprises a wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a crystallizer wide-surface outer arc cooling water seam and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument; one end of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water inlet main pipeline, the other end of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipeline, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet thermodetector, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet thermodetector are arranged on the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe according to the flowing direction of cooling water, and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet thermodetector and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet thermodetector are electrically connected with a wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature;
the narrow-face left cooling module comprises a narrow-face left crystallizer cooling water branch pipe, a narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve, a narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a narrow-face left cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument; one end of the cooling water branch pipe of the narrow-face left crystallizer is connected with a water inlet main pipeline, the other end of the cooling water branch pipe of the narrow-face left crystallizer is connected with a water outlet main pipeline, a narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve, a narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a narrow-face left cooling water gap of the crystallizer and a narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are arranged on the cooling water branch pipe of the narrow-face left crystallizer according to the flowing direction of cooling water, and the narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve, the narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are electrically connected with a narrow-;
the narrow-surface right cooling module comprises a narrow-surface right crystallizer cooling water branch pipe, a narrow-surface right cooling water flow regulating valve, a narrow-surface right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a narrow-surface right cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a narrow-surface right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument; one end of the narrow face right side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water inlet main pipeline, the other end of the narrow face right side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipeline, a narrow face right side cooling water flow regulating valve, a narrow face right side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a crystallizer narrow face right side cooling water gap and a narrow face right side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are arranged on the narrow face right side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe according to the flowing direction of cooling water, and the narrow face right side cooling water flow regulating valve, the narrow face right side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the narrow face right side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are electrically connected with a narrow face right side cooling water temperature difference calculating and.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are respectively arranged at two sides of the copper plate at the wide-surface inner arc position of the crystallizer;
the wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate at the wide-surface outer arc position of the crystallizer;
the narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the left side of the narrow face of the crystallizer;
and the narrow-surface right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the narrow-surface right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the right side of the narrow surface of the crystallizer.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit is electrically connected with the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit and transmits the symmetrical surface temperature difference information to the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit, and the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit regulates and controls the symmetrical surface cooling water quantity.
As the preferable scheme of the invention, the regulation and control standard of the cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit of the symmetrical plane is that the difference value of the cooling water temperature difference of the symmetrical plane is less than 0.5 ℃.
The invention discloses a cooling control method of a single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the cooling water quantity range of the cooling module of the beam blank crystallizer by an off-line cooling water quantity calculation system;
2) a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit of the online real-time control system calculates and obtains cooling water temperature differences of a wide-surface inner arc, a wide-surface outer arc, a narrow-surface left side and a narrow-surface right side through thermometers arranged at cooling water inlets and cooling water outlets of four surfaces of a crystallizer, and calculates actually required cooling water quantity;
3) the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit dynamically analyzes the calculated cooling water temperature differences of the four surfaces of the crystallizer and the required cooling water amount result, and feeds back the dynamic analysis result to the cooling water flow regulation and control valve to regulate and control the cooling water flow;
the dynamic analysis comprises the following steps: when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is lower than 4.5 ℃, the cooling water amount is reduced by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is higher than 6 ℃, the cooling water amount is increased by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, and when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is between 4.5 ℃ and 6 ℃, the normal temperature difference of the cooling water is obtained, and the adjustment is not needed.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the off-line cooling water amount calculation system includes:
a. inputting crystallizer process parameters to calculate heat flow Q;
b. inputting a pulling speed parameter to calculate the area of a water gap;
c. and inputting the cooling water temperature difference to calculate the cooling water amount.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the method for calculating the flow rate of the cooling water by the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit comprises:
1) calculating the heat quantity Q taken away by cooling water when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer, wherein the surface temperature of the casting blank is within the range of 1200-1250 ℃;
2) calculating the average heat quantity taken away by cooling water within every 10s when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer and the surface temperature is within the range of 1200-1250 DEG C
Figure BDA0001862062370000061
3) And calculating the cooling water flow W of the crystallizer.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer, wherein the device comprises an off-line cooling water amount calculation system, an on-line real-time control system, a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline; the off-line cooling water amount calculation system is used for calculating the initial cooling water amount in an off-line state, and the on-line real-time control system feeds back the off-line cooling water amount calculation system in real time to adjust related continuous casting process parameters, so that the relative accuracy of the off-line calculated cooling water amount is ensured; the online real-time control system controls the cooling of the single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer in real time, which is beneficial to the rapid regulation and control of continuous casting production according to the actual crystallizer temperature and the cooling condition of the crystallizer;
(2) according to the cooling control device and the cooling control method for the single-point unbalanced casting of the beam blank crystallizer, a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline are respectively connected with two ends of a cooling module on four surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer, the water inlet main pipeline provides cooling water for the crystallizer, and the water outlet main pipeline collects the water quantity at a cooling water outlet of the crystallizer, so that the uniform treatment is realized, and the use is convenient; the crystallizer cooling water circulation module is used for respectively setting relatively independent cooling modules on four surfaces of a special-shaped blank crystallizer, and the four cooling modules independently supply cooling water to cool the four surfaces of the crystallizer according to different temperature conditions and required cooling water quantity of the four surfaces of the special-shaped blank crystallizer, so that a solution is provided for solving the problem of uneven cooling water quantity required by the crystallizer caused by uneven temperature of the crystallizer during single-point unbalanced casting;
(3) the invention relates to a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer, wherein crystallizer cooling modules on four surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer comprise crystallizer cooling water branch pipes, cooling water flow control valves, a cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a crystallizer cooling water seam and a cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument, two ends of each crystallizer cooling water branch pipe are respectively connected with a water inlet main pipeline and a water outlet main pipeline, the special blank crystallizer cooling system is used for receiving cooling water of four surfaces, the cooling water flow control valve regulates and controls the cooling water flow of the cooling water branch pipe, the cooling water is respectively cooled according to different cooling requirements of the four surfaces of the special blank crystallizer, the cooling water temperature of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water temperature of the cooling water outlet of the four surfaces of the special blank crystallizer are measured by the cooling water inlet and outlet thermometers, the cooling process of the special blank crystallizer is quantized, and a basis is provided for regulating and controlling the cooling water quantity of the special blank crystallizer;
(4) the invention relates to a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer, wherein an online real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is used for calculating the cooling water temperature difference and the cooling water amount of the beam blank crystallizer, dynamic analysis is carried out according to the calculation result to obtain an analysis result, the analysis result is fed back to the crystallizer cooling module for real-time regulation and control, and the cooling water of the crystallizer is reasonably distributed to facilitate the asymmetric and balanced heat transfer of molten steel in the beam blank crystallizer and the growth of a good solidified blank shell, thereby avoiding the production accidents such as leakage and the like and reducing the surface longitudinal cracks of a casting blank at a web plate and a; in the process of cooling the beam blank crystallizer, the cooling water in the water outlet main pipeline is collected and treated by the crystallizer cooling water circulation module, and the treated cooling water is put into the water inlet main pipeline when the requirement of the water inlet main pipeline on the cooling water is met, so that the cyclic utilization of the cooling water is realized, the resource waste is reduced, and the production cost is reduced;
(5) in order to ensure that the cooling conditions of the symmetrical surfaces of the beam blank are basically consistent, the cooling water temperature difference regulating and controlling unit of the symmetrical surfaces is independently arranged, the cooling water temperature difference and the cooling water flow information of two groups of symmetrical surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer are collected and calculated, the cooling water temperature difference of the symmetrical surfaces is ensured to be less than 0.5 ℃, the uniform condensation of a casting blank is facilitated, the defects of the casting blank are reduced, and the qualification rate of a product is improved;
(6) the invention relates to a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer, which are characterized in that the control method calculates the cooling water quantity range of a cooling module of the beam blank crystallizer through an offline cooling water quantity calculation system to provide a theoretical basis and initial cooling water quantity for cooling the beam blank crystallizer, obtains the temperature difference values of the cooling water on four surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer through an online real-time control system, calculates the actually required cooling water quantity, obtains an analysis result through dynamic analysis, feeds the result back to a cooling water flow regulating valve for regulating and controlling the cooling water, and feeds the result back to the offline cooling water quantity calculation system for correcting parameters, and a method of twice feedback optimizes the cooling effect of the beam blank crystallizer, solves the problems of uneven surface temperature distribution of the beam blank crystallizer caused by single-point unbalanced casting of beam blank, uneven free liquid level temperature distribution of the crystallizer and uneven growth of a solidified blank shell, longitudinal crack of the surface and the A problem;
(7) the invention has simple structure, reasonable design and easy implementation.
Drawings
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these drawings are designed for illustrative purposes only and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the structural configurations described herein and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling control device of a single-point unbalanced casting beam blank crystallizer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a profiled bar crystallizer as referred to in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic feedback diagram of an off-line cooling water amount calculation system and an on-line real-time control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of a flow field in a crystallizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of a molten steel diffusion flow field in the crystallizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings:
1. a broad-face inner arc cooling module; 1-1, cooling water branch pipes of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer; 1-2, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve; 1-3 wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermodetector; 1-4, cooling water gaps of inner arcs of wide surfaces of the crystallizer; 1-5 wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instruments; 1-6 wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation units;
2. a broad-face outer arc cooling module; 2-1, cooling water branch pipes of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer; 2-2, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve; 2-3, wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet thermodetector; 2-4, cooling water gaps of wide outer arcs of the crystallizer; 2-5, wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet thermodetector; 2-6, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit;
3. a narrow-sided left cooling module; 3-1, cooling water branch pipes of the left crystallizer on the narrow side; 3-2, a cooling water flow regulating valve on the left side of the narrow face; 3-3, a cooling water inlet thermometer on the left side of the narrow face; 3-4, cooling water gaps on the left side of the narrow surface of the crystallizer; 3-5, a narrow side left side cooling water outlet thermometer; 3-6, a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit on the left side of the narrow surface;
4. a narrow-side right cooling module; 4-1, cooling water branch pipes of the crystallizer on the right side of the narrow surface; 4-2, a cooling water flow regulating valve on the right side of the narrow surface; 4-3, a cooling water inlet thermometer on the right side of the narrow surface; 4-4, cooling water gaps on the right side of the narrow surface of the crystallizer; 4-5, a cooling water outlet thermometer on the right side of the narrow surface; 4-6, a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit on the right side of the narrow surface;
5-1, a water inlet main pipeline; 5-2, a water outlet main pipeline;
6-1, a casting opening; 6-2, free liquid level; 6-3 and a crystallizer outlet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. Although these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that various changes to the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the invention, to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the following claims.
The detailed description and exemplary embodiments of the invention will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings, where the elements and features of the invention are identified by reference numerals.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the cooling control device for the single-point non-equilibrium casting profiled blank crystallizer comprises an offline cooling water amount calculation system, an online real-time control system, a water inlet main pipeline 5-1 and a water outlet main pipeline 5-2.
The off-line cooling water amount calculation system is used for calculating the initial cooling water amount in an off-line state, guiding the real-time cooling water amount, feeding back the off-line cooling water amount calculation system in real time by the on-line real-time control system, adjusting relevant continuous casting process parameters and ensuring the relative accuracy of the off-line calculated cooling water amount.
The online real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, and is electrically connected with the offline cooling water amount calculation system; the cooling of the single-point non-equilibrium casting special-shaped blank crystallizer is controlled in real time, and the rapid regulation and control of continuous casting production according to the actual crystallizer temperature and the cooling condition of the crystallizer are facilitated.
The water inlet main pipeline 5-1 and the water outlet main pipeline 5-2 are respectively connected with two ends of a cooling module on four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer, the water inlet main pipeline 5-1 provides cooling water for the crystallizer, and the water outlet main pipeline 5-2 collects water at a cooling water outlet of the crystallizer, so that the uniform treatment is realized, and the use is convenient.
The crystallizer cooling water circulation module is electrically connected with the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, relatively independent cooling modules are respectively arranged on four surfaces of the special-shaped blank crystallizer by the crystallizer cooling water circulation module, and the four cooling modules independently supply cooling water to cool the four surfaces of the crystallizer according to different temperature conditions of the four surfaces of the special-shaped blank crystallizer and the required cooling water amount. The crystallizer cooling module specifically comprises a wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1, a wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2, a narrow-surface left side cooling module 3 and a narrow-surface right side cooling module 4, and a water inlet main pipeline 5-1 and a water outlet main pipeline 5-2 are respectively connected with two ends of the wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1, the wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2, the narrow-surface left side cooling module 3 and the narrow-surface right side cooling module 4. The two ends of the cooling water branch pipe of the crystallizer are respectively connected with the water inlet main pipeline 5-1 and the water outlet main pipeline 5-2 and are used for receiving cooling water on four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer, the cooling water flow control valve regulates and controls the cooling water flow of the cooling water branch pipe and cools the cooling water according to different cooling requirements on the four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer respectively, the cooling water temperature measuring instruments at the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet of the four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer are used for measuring the water temperatures of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet of the profiled blank crystallizer, the cooling process of the profiled blank crystallizer is quantized, and a basis is provided for regulating.
The cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit comprises wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 1-6, wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 2-6, narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 3-6 and narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 4-6; the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 1-6 is electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 2-6 is electrically connected with the wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2, the narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 3-6 is electrically connected with the narrow-surface left side cooling module 3, and the narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 4-6 is electrically connected with the narrow-surface right side cooling module 4.
The wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1 comprises a wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 1-1, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve 1-2, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 1-3, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water seam 1-4 and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 1-5; one end of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 1-1 is connected with a water inlet main pipeline 5-1, the other end is connected with a water outlet main pipeline 5-2, and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve 1-2, a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermodetector 1-3, a crystallizer wide-surface inner arc cooling water seam 1-4 and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet thermodetector 1-5 are arranged on the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 1-1 according to the flowing direction of cooling water. The wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve 1-2, the wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermometer 1-3 and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet thermometer 1-5 are electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit 1-6; and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet thermodetector 1-3 and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet thermodetector 1-5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate at the wide-surface inner arc of the crystallizer.
The wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2 comprises a wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 2-1, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve 2-2, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 2-3, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water seam 2-4 and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 2-5; one end of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 2-1 is connected with a water inlet main pipeline 5-1, the other end is connected with a water outlet main pipeline 5-2, and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve 2-2, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet thermodetector 2-3, a wide-surface outer arc cooling water seam 2-4 and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet thermodetector 2-5 are arranged on the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 2-1 according to the flowing direction of cooling water. The wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve 2-2, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet thermometer 2-3 and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet thermometer 2-5 are electrically connected with a wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit 2-6; and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 2-3 and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 2-5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate at the wide-surface outer arc of the crystallizer.
The narrow-face left cooling module 3 comprises a narrow-face left crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 3-1, a narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve 3-2, a narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 3-3, a narrow-face left cooling water slit 3-4 and a narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 3-5; one end of the narrow face left side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 3-1 is connected with a water inlet main pipe 5-1, the other end is connected with a water outlet main pipe 5-2, and a narrow face left side cooling water flow regulating valve 3-2, a narrow face left side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 3-3, a crystallizer narrow face left side cooling water slit 3-4 and a narrow face left side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 3-5 are arranged on the narrow face left side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 3-1 according to the flowing direction of cooling water. The narrow face left side cooling water flow regulating valve 3-2, the narrow face left side cooling water inlet thermometer 3-3 and the narrow face left side cooling water outlet thermometer 3-5 are electrically connected with the narrow face left side cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit 3-6; and a narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 3-3 and a narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 3-5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the left side of the narrow face of the crystallizer.
The narrow-side right cooling module 4 comprises a narrow-side right crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 4-1, a narrow-side right cooling water flow regulating valve 4-2, a narrow-side right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 4-3, a narrow-side right cooling water slit 4-4 and a narrow-side right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 4-5; one end of the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 4-1 is connected with a water inlet main pipeline 5-1, the other end of the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipeline 5-2, and a narrow-face right-side cooling water flow regulating valve 4-2, a narrow-face right-side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 4-3, a narrow-face right-side cooling water slit 4-4 and a narrow-face right-side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 4-5 are arranged on the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe 4-1 according to the flowing direction. The narrow-surface right cooling water flow regulating valve 4-2, the narrow-surface right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 4-3 and the narrow-surface right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 4-5 are electrically connected with the narrow-surface right cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit 4-6; and a narrow-side right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument 4-3 and a narrow-side right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument 4-5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the right side of the narrow side of the crystallizer.
The cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit is used for calculating the cooling water temperature difference and the cooling water amount of the special-shaped blank crystallizer, dynamic analysis is carried out according to the calculation result to obtain an analysis result, the analysis result is fed back to the crystallizer cooling module to carry out real-time regulation and control, the cooling water flow of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is reasonably distributed, asymmetric and balanced heat transfer of molten steel in the special-shaped blank crystallizer is facilitated, good solidified blank shell growth is facilitated, production accidents such as pulling leakage and the like are avoided, and surface longitudinal cracks of a casting blank at a web plate and a fillet are reduced. Meanwhile, in the process of cooling the beam blank crystallizer, the cooling water circulation module of the crystallizer collects and processes the cooling water in the water outlet main pipeline 5-2, and when the requirement of the water inlet main pipeline 5-1 for the cooling water is met, the processed cooling water is put into the water inlet main pipeline 5-1, so that the cyclic utilization of the cooling water is realized, the resource waste is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
The cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit is electrically connected with the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit and transmits the symmetrical surface temperature difference information to the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit, and the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit regulates and controls the symmetrical surface cooling water quantity. The regulation and control standard of the cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit of the symmetrical plane is that the cooling water temperature difference value of the symmetrical plane is less than 0.5 ℃. In order to ensure that the cooling conditions of the symmetrical surfaces of the beam blank are basically kept consistent, a symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulating and controlling unit is independently arranged, the cooling water temperature difference and the cooling water flow information of the two groups of symmetrical surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer are collected and calculated, the difference value of the cooling water temperature difference of the symmetrical surfaces is ensured to be less than 0.5 ℃, the uniform condensation of a casting blank is facilitated, the defects of the casting blank are reduced, and the qualification rate of products can be improved.
The invention discloses a cooling control method of a single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
1) and calculating the cooling water quantity range of the cooling module of the beam blank crystallizer by an off-line cooling water quantity calculation system.
2) And a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit of the online real-time control system calculates and obtains cooling water temperature differences of a wide-surface inner arc, a wide-surface outer arc, a narrow-surface left side and a narrow-surface right side through temperature measuring instruments arranged at cooling water inlets and cooling water outlets of four surfaces of the crystallizer, and calculates the actually required cooling water amount.
3) The cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit dynamically analyzes the calculated cooling water temperature differences of the four surfaces of the crystallizer and the required cooling water amount result, and feeds back the dynamic analysis result to the cooling water flow regulation and control valve to regulate and control the cooling water flow; and simultaneously, feeding back the dynamic analysis result to an off-line cooling water amount calculation system to correct the parameters.
The dynamic analysis comprises the following steps: when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is lower than 4.5 ℃, the cooling water amount is reduced by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is higher than 6 ℃, the cooling water amount is increased by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, and when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is between 4.5 ℃ and 6 ℃, the normal temperature difference of the cooling water is obtained, and the adjustment is not needed.
The control method comprises the steps of calculating the cooling water quantity range of a cooling module of the beam blank crystallizer through an offline cooling water quantity calculation system, providing a theoretical basis and initial cooling water quantity for cooling the beam blank crystallizer, obtaining temperature difference values of cooling water on four surfaces of the beam blank crystallizer through an online real-time control system, calculating actually required cooling water quantity, obtaining an analysis result through dynamic analysis, feeding the result back to a cooling water flow regulating and controlling valve to regulate and control the cooling water, and feeding the result back to an offline cooling water quantity calculation system to correct parameters. The problems of uneven surface temperature distribution of the profiled blank crystallizer caused by single-point unbalanced casting of the profiled blank, uneven growth of a solidified blank shell, longitudinal surface crack and the like caused by uneven temperature distribution of the free liquid level 6-2 of the crystallizer are solved.
The off-line cooling water amount calculation system comprises the following calculation steps:
a. inputting crystallizer process parameters to calculate heat flow Q;
b. inputting a pulling speed parameter to calculate the area of a water gap;
c. and inputting the cooling water temperature difference to calculate the cooling water amount.
The method for calculating the cooling water flow rate by the cooling water temperature difference calculating unit comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the heat quantity Q taken away by cooling water when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer, wherein the surface temperature of the casting blank is within the range of 1200-1250 ℃;
2) calculating the average heat quantity taken away by cooling water within every 10s when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer and the surface temperature is within the range of 1200-1250 DEG C
Figure BDA0001862062370000121
3) And calculating the cooling water flow W of the crystallizer.
Example 2
The control apparatus and control method of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that the present invention is further explained and supported.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the flow field of the molten steel during casting in the single-point unbalanced casting crystallizer and the flow field of the molten steel after diffusion after a short time are simulated by water, and the water simulation result shows that the flow field distribution of the profiled blank crystallizer is extremely uneven when the single-point unbalanced casting is performed, the temperature field of the molten steel in the profiled blank crystallizer is uneven due to the unevenness of the flow field, and the cooling conditions of all sides of the crystallizer are greatly different.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic view of a beam blank crystallizer used in the control device and the control method of the present invention, a casting opening 6-1 is reserved on the upper surface of the beam blank crystallizer for single-point unbalanced casting of a beam blank, and a flange on one side of the casting opening 6-1 is reserved near the casting opening 6-1, so that the temperature is high during beam blank casting; the temperature of the free liquid level 6-2 in the crystallizer far away from the casting opening 6-1 is lower, so that the cooling requirements of the four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer above the crystallizer outlet 6-3 are different.
The invention provides a cooling control device and a cooling control method for a single-point non-equilibrium casting special-shaped blank crystallizer, aiming at the condition that the cooling of the special-shaped blank crystallizer is not uniform under the condition that the flow field temperature field of the special-shaped blank crystallizer is not uniform. The cooling water flow of each surface of the crystallizer copper plate is dynamically controlled in real time, the temperature uniformity of each surface of the crystallizer copper plate is ensured, and the temperature of each surface is ensured to be consistent when the profiled bar casting blank is discharged out of the crystallizer and is between 1200 and 1250 ℃.
The concrete content comprises: firstly, calculating the cooling water quantity range of different steel types, different sections and different process parameters by an off-line cooling water quantity calculation system.
Specifically, the heat flow Q is calculated according to the crystallizer process parameters, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
Q＝LEVρ{C1(Te-Tl)+Lf+Cs(Ts-To)}
in the formula: q is the heat released by the molten steel in the crystallizer, kj/min;
l is the length of each side of the cross section of the crystallizer, m;
e, discharging the thickness of a blank shell of the crystallizer, and m;
v-pulling speed, 2.2 m/min;
rho-molten steel density, kg/m3；
ClLiquid steel specific heat capacity, kj/(kg. DEG C);
cs-specific heat capacity of solid casting blank, kj/(kg. DEG C);
Lf-latent heat of solidification, kj/kg;
Te-temperature of the steel liquid in the tundish, DEG C;
Tl-temperature of the steel liquid in the crystallizer;
Ts-primary shell temperature, deg.c;
Tothe surface temperature of the casting blank out of the crystallizer is measured in DEG C.
And then calculating the area F of the water gap of the crystallizer, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
F＝QkS×106/(3600V)
in the formula: f-area of water gap of crystallizer, m2；
QkUnit water flow rate, m3S.m, an empirical value of 100-3/s·m；
S is the peripheral length of the crystallizer, m;
v is the flow rate of cooling water, m/s, and is 6-10 m/s.
Calculating the required cooling water quantity according to the calculated crystallizer water gap area F, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
W＝36×F×V/1000(L/min)
in the formula: w is the amount of cooling water, L/min;
f-area of water gap of crystallizer, m2；
V is the flow rate of cooling water, m/s, and is 6-10 m/s.
After the off-line cooling water calculation system calculates the flow of cooling water on each surface, the off-line cooling water calculation system provides initial cooling water for cooling the special-shaped blank crystallizer and guides the on-line real-time control system.
The on-line real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, and is electrically connected with the off-line cooling water amount calculation system.
The water inlet main pipeline 5-1 and the water outlet main pipeline 5-2 are respectively connected with two ends of a cooling module on four surfaces of the profiled blank crystallizer, the water inlet main pipeline 5-1 provides cooling water for the crystallizer, and the water outlet main pipeline 5-2 collects water at a cooling water outlet of the crystallizer.
The crystallizer cooling water circulation module is electrically connected with the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, relatively independent cooling modules are respectively arranged on four surfaces of the special-shaped blank crystallizer by the crystallizer cooling water circulation module, and the four cooling modules are respectively a wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1, a wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2, a narrow-surface left side cooling module 3 and a narrow-surface right side cooling module 4. The cooling modules on the four surfaces of the crystallizer have the same structure, and each cooling module of the crystallizer comprises a cooling water branch pipe of the crystallizer, a cooling water flow regulating valve, a cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument; one end of the cooling water branch pipe of the crystallizer is connected with a water inlet main pipeline 5-1, the other end is connected with a water outlet main pipeline 5-2, and a cooling water flow regulating valve, a cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument, a cooling water seam of the crystallizer and a cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are arranged on the cooling water branch pipe of the crystallizer according to the flowing direction of cooling water. The cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument and the cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument are respectively arranged at two sides of the crystallizer copper plate, the temperature measuring instruments are numerical value display type temperature measuring instruments and are inserted into the cooling water to directly display the temperature of the cooling water, or are thermocouple and thermal resistor type, the temperature of the cooling water is recorded, and the numerical value of the cooling water is transmitted to the cooling water temperature difference calculating unit.
The cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit comprises wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 1-6, wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 2-6, narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 3-6 and narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units 4-6; the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 1-6 is electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling module 1, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 2-6 is electrically connected with the wide-surface outer arc cooling module 2, the narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 3-6 is electrically connected with the narrow-surface left side cooling module 3, and the narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit 4-6 is electrically connected with the narrow-surface right side cooling module 4.
The dynamic analysis and control unit of the cooling water quantity of the crystallizer is used for dynamically analyzing the temperature difference of the cooling water inlet and outlet of each surface of the special blank crystallizer, and comparing the temperature difference with the standard temperature difference of 4.5-6 ℃ in real time, so as to start the cooling water quantity regulating and controlling device, thereby ensuring that the temperature difference of the cooling water of each surface of the special blank crystallizer is controlled within the range of 4.5-6 ℃, simultaneously comparing the temperature difference of the cooling water of the symmetrical surfaces, regulating and controlling the temperature difference of the cooling water of the symmetrical surfaces within 0.5 ℃, and controlling the temperature of each surface within the range of 1200 plus 1250 ℃ when the casting blank is discharged from the.
The method for calculating the cooling water flow by the water inlet and outlet temperature difference and cooling water flow calculating device comprises the following steps:
Q＝C×m×Δθ
Figure BDA0001862062370000141
Figure BDA0001862062370000142
in the above formula:
q-represents the heat quantity, KJ, taken away by the cooling water when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer, wherein the surface temperature is within the range of 1200-1250 ℃;
w represents the cooling water flow of the crystallizer, and L/min;
Figure BDA0001862062370000143
-represents the average heat, KJ, taken away by the cooling water within every 10s at a surface temperature in the range 1200-;
c-represents the specific heat capacity of the cooling water, KJ/(kg. ℃);
delta theta represents the temperature difference between the inlet water and the outlet water of the cooling water of the crystallizer, and the temperature difference is 4.5-6 ℃;
ρ -represents the density of the cooling water of the crystallizer, and ρ is 1 × 103Kg/m3；
And t-represents the time for the cooling water of the crystallizer to flow through the copper plate of the crystallizer, and min.
The cooling water dynamic analysis control unit dynamically analyzes the cooling water temperature difference, compares the cooling water temperature difference with the standard temperature difference of 4.5-6 ℃, and controls the cooling water flow regulation and control device according to the comparison result in a targeted manner: when the temperature difference of the cooling water inlet and outlet of the crystallizer is 4.5-6 ℃ higher than the standard temperature difference, the cooling water quantity is increased by implementing the increasing mode of the cooling water of the crystallizer; when the temperature difference of cooling water inlet and outlet of the crystallizer is lower than 4.5-6 ℃ of standard deviation, the cooling water quantity is reduced by implementing a crystallizer cooling water reduction mode, so that the temperatures of all the surfaces of the copper plate of the crystallizer are basically consistent, and the temperature difference of the cooling water of the symmetrical surface is less than or equal to 0.5 ℃.
And the online real-time control system regulates and controls the cooling water flow of each surface of the crystallizer in real time and feeds the result back to the offline cooling water amount calculation system in real time, if the real-time cooling water flow is within the cooling water amount range calculated by the offline cooling water amount calculation system, the continuous casting process parameters do not need to be adjusted, otherwise, the continuous casting process parameters need to be adjusted.
The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described in the above illustrative, non-limiting sense, and it is to be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, it is within the scope of the present invention to design the similar manner and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a single-point non-equilibrium casting beam blank crystallizer cooling control device which characterized in that: comprises an off-line cooling water amount calculation system, an on-line real-time control system, a water inlet main pipeline (5-1) and a water outlet main pipeline (5-2);
the online real-time control system is electrically connected with the offline cooling water amount calculation system;
the online real-time control system comprises a crystallizer cooling water circulation module and a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit, wherein the crystallizer cooling water circulation module is electrically connected with the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit and comprises a wide-surface inner arc cooling module (1), a wide-surface outer arc cooling module (2), a narrow-surface left side cooling module (3) and a narrow-surface right side cooling module (4), and a water inlet main pipeline (5-1) and a water outlet main pipeline (5-2) are respectively connected with two ends of the wide-surface inner arc cooling module (1), the wide-surface outer arc cooling module (2), the narrow-surface left side cooling module (3) and the narrow-surface right side cooling module (4);
the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit comprises a wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit (1-6), a wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit (2-6), a narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit (3-6) and a narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit (4-6); the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units (1-6) are electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling module (1), the wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units (2-6) are electrically connected with the wide-surface outer arc cooling module (2), the narrow-surface left side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units (3-6) are electrically connected with the narrow-surface left side cooling module (3), and the narrow-surface right side cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation units (4-6) are electrically connected with the narrow-surface right side cooling module (4);
and the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit dynamically analyzes the calculated cooling water temperature differences of the four surfaces of the crystallizer and the required cooling water amount result, feeds the dynamic analysis result back to the cooling water flow regulation and control valve to regulate and control the cooling water flow, and feeds the dynamic analysis result back to the off-line cooling water amount calculation system to correct the parameters.
2. The cooling control device of the single-point unbalanced casting profiled blank crystallizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wide-surface inner arc cooling module (1) comprises wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipes (1-1), wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valves (1-2), wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instruments (1-3), wide-surface inner arc cooling water seams (1-4) of a crystallizer and wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instruments (1-5); one end of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (1-1) is connected with a water inlet main pipeline (5-1), the other end of the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (1-1) is connected with a water outlet main pipeline (5-2), a wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve (1-2), a wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (1-3), a wide-surface inner arc cooling water seam (1-4) of the crystallizer and a wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (1-5) are arranged on the wide-surface inner arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (1-1) according to the flowing direction of cooling water, the wide-surface inner arc cooling water flow regulating valve (1-2), the wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (1-3) and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (1-5) are electrically connected with the wide-surface inner arc cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit (1-6);
the wide-surface outer arc cooling module (2) comprises wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipes (2-1), wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valves (2-2), wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instruments (2-3), wide-surface outer arc cooling water seams (2-4) of the crystallizer and wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instruments (2-5); one end of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (2-1) is connected with a water inlet main pipeline (5-1), the other end of the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (2-1) is connected with a water outlet main pipeline (5-2), a wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve (2-2), a wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (2-3), a wide-surface outer arc cooling water seam (2-4) and a wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (2-5) are arranged on the wide-surface outer arc crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (2-1) according to the flowing direction of cooling water, the wide-surface outer arc cooling water flow regulating valve (2-2), the wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (2-3) and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (2-5) are electrically connected with the wide-surface outer arc cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit (2-6);
the narrow-face left cooling module (3) comprises a narrow-face left crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (3-1), a narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve (3-2), a narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (3-3), a narrow-face left cooling water slit (3-4) of the crystallizer and a narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (3-5); one end of the narrow face left side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (3-1) is connected with a water inlet main pipeline (5-1), the other end of the narrow face left side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (3-1) is connected with a water outlet main pipeline (5-2), a narrow face left side cooling water flow regulating valve (3-2), a narrow face left side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (3-3), a crystallizer narrow face left side cooling water slit (3-4) and a narrow face left side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (3-5) are arranged on the narrow face left side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (3-1) according to the flowing direction of cooling water, the narrow-face left cooling water flow regulating valve (3-2), the narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (3-3) and the narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (3-5) are electrically connected with the narrow-face left cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit (3-6);
the narrow-face right cooling module (4) comprises a narrow-face right crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (4-1), a narrow-face right cooling water flow regulating valve (4-2), a narrow-face right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (4-3), a narrow-face right cooling water slit (4-4) and a narrow-face right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (4-5); one end of the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (4-1) is connected with a water inlet main pipeline (5-1), the other end of the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (4-1) is connected with a water outlet main pipeline (5-2), a narrow-face right-side cooling water flow regulating and controlling valve (4-2), a narrow-face right-side cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (4-3), a narrow-face right-side cooling water seam (4-4) of the crystallizer and a narrow-face right-side cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (4-5) are arranged on the narrow-face right-side crystallizer cooling water branch pipe (4-, the narrow-face right cooling water flow regulating valve (4-2), the narrow-face right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (4-3) and the narrow-face right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (4-5) are electrically connected with the narrow-face right cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit (4-6).
3. The cooling control device of the single-point unbalanced casting profiled blank crystallizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the wide-surface inner arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (1-3) and the wide-surface inner arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (1-5) are respectively arranged on two sides of a copper plate at the wide-surface inner arc position of the crystallizer;
the wide-surface outer arc cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (2-3) and the wide-surface outer arc cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (2-5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate at the wide-surface outer arc position of the crystallizer;
the narrow-face left cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (3-3) and the narrow-face left cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (3-5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the left side of the narrow face of the crystallizer;
and the narrow-side right cooling water inlet temperature measuring instrument (4-3) and the narrow-side right cooling water outlet temperature measuring instrument (4-5) are respectively arranged on two sides of the copper plate on the right side of the narrow side of the crystallizer.
4. The cooling control device of the single-point unbalanced casting profiled blank crystallizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit is electrically connected with the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit and transmits the symmetrical surface temperature difference information to the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit, and the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference regulation and control unit regulates and controls the symmetrical surface cooling water quantity.
5. The cooling control device of the single-point unbalanced casting profiled blank crystallizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the control standard of the symmetrical surface cooling water temperature difference control unit is as follows; the difference value of the temperature difference of the cooling water on the symmetrical surface is less than 0.5 ℃.
6. A cooling control method for a single-point non-equilibrium casting profiled blank crystallizer, which adopts the device of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the cooling water quantity range of the cooling module of the beam blank crystallizer by an off-line cooling water quantity calculation system;
2) a cooling water temperature difference calculation and water quantity calculation unit of the online real-time control system calculates and obtains cooling water temperature differences of a wide-surface inner arc, a wide-surface outer arc, a narrow-surface left side and a narrow-surface right side through thermometers arranged at cooling water inlets and cooling water outlets of four surfaces of a crystallizer, and calculates actually required cooling water quantity;
3) the cooling water temperature difference calculation and water amount calculation unit dynamically analyzes the calculated cooling water temperature differences of the four surfaces of the crystallizer and the required cooling water amount result, feeds back the dynamic analysis result to the cooling water flow regulation and control valve to regulate and control the cooling water flow, and feeds back the dynamic analysis result to the off-line cooling water amount calculation system to correct the parameters;
the dynamic analysis comprises the following steps: when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is lower than 4.5 ℃, the cooling water amount is reduced by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is higher than 6 ℃, the cooling water amount is increased by controlling the cooling water flow regulating valves of the four surfaces, and when the temperature difference between the outlet cooling water and the inlet cooling water of the four surfaces of the crystallizer is between 4.5 ℃ and 6 ℃, the normal temperature difference of the cooling water is obtained, and the adjustment is not needed.
7. The cooling control method for the single-point unbalanced casting blank crystallizer of claim 6, wherein the cooling control method comprises the following steps: the off-line cooling water amount calculation system comprises the following calculation steps:
a. inputting crystallizer process parameters to calculate heat flow Q;
b. inputting a pulling speed parameter to calculate the area of a water gap;
c. and inputting the cooling water temperature difference to calculate the cooling water amount.
8. The cooling control method for the single-point unbalanced casting blank crystallizer of claim 6, wherein the cooling control method comprises the following steps: the method for calculating the cooling water flow by the cooling water temperature difference calculating and water amount calculating unit comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the heat quantity Q taken away by cooling water when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer, wherein the surface temperature of the casting blank is within the range of 1200-1250 ℃;
2) calculating the average heat quantity taken away by cooling water within every 10s when the casting blank is taken out of the crystallizer and the surface temperature is within the range of 1200-1250 DEG C
Figure FDA0002926955950000031
3) And calculating the cooling water flow W of the crystallizer.
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