CN109330635A - A kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle and its application method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3415—Trocars; Puncturing needles for introducing tubes or catheters, e.g. gastrostomy tubes, drain catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B2017/3454—Details of tips
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle and its application, the piercing needle include can be opened and closed made of memory metal divide valvular structure, this divides valvular structure to be made of multiple conical lobes；When each conical lobe closure, this divides valvular structure to be cone shape structure；When each conical lobe is opened, this divides valvular structure to be the cylindrical-shaped structure for containing multiple tapered indentations on wall, and the center of the cylindrical-shaped structure is open cavity structure.The piercing needle can well walk in the blood vessel and precisely pierce through vascular wall, and realize that efficient sampling carries out biopsy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of the field of medical instrument technology, and in particular to a kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle
And its application method.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement of detection methods and method, the accuracy of diagnosing tumor is gradually increased, but still is had very one big
Point tumour does not have typical Imaging Features, difficult diagnosis.Correctly diagnosis needs clinical, image and pathology three to combine.Its
In, pathological diagnosis plays key effect to the selection of therapeutic scheme.Aspiration biopsy is to obtain the main path of pathological diagnosis.It punctures
The method of biopsy (needling biopsy, also known as needle puncture biopsy puncture biopsy) by tumour cell extract in vitro into
Row analysis.Its advantage is that: method is easy, can carry out under local anaesthesia in outpatient service, in CT, MRI ultrasound and guide of fluoroscopy knit stitch
Thorn biopsy success rate can greatly improve.But aspiration biopsy is directly worn without flexible puncture needle by body surface by hard
Thorn is to tumor locus, and when tumour is in internal deep part or is in rich blood vessel position, puncture needle is easy normal to patient
Tissue causes damage or bleeding, and patient is also more painful and has fear.
Currently, Seldinger arterial cannulation technology is highly developed.The technology clinical medical imaging (X-ray, CT,
MR, B-us etc.) guidance under, by percutaneous puncture vascular routes or the original duct of human body, by fining devices such as special conduit, seal wires
Tool is inserted to diseased region and carries out diagnostic radiography and treatment.The technology enters blood vessel using wire guide percutaneous puncture vascular routes
Diseased region is arrived at, this method is easy to operate, damage is small, without suturing blood vessel, completely instead of previous surgical incision exposure blood
The method of pipe becomes the basic operation technology of modern interventional radiology, in shining for blood embolization and drug infusion, intra-arterial for tumour
Penetrate, the prevention of radioactive damage, chemotherapy, Arterial embolization tumor vessel, the perfusions such as vasoactive drug and alcohol achieve compared with
Good effect.
The present invention constitutes intravascular puncture needle using memory metal, which is being situated between by Seldinger intubation technique
It is lower into tumor locus to enter seal wire guidance, is needle-shaped, puncture of the realization to tumor locus by memory metal shape distortion, and lead to
The conduit crossed in puncture needle extracts tumour cell out.Compared with traditional puncture needle, the present apparatus has to patient's normal tissue injury
Feature small, bleeding probability is low, patient is substantially painless.
And although seemed simply by entering the method that tumor tissues are sampled across blood vessel, but difficulty actually is very big,
This is because intracorporal tumour has certain depth, it is desirable to pass through blood vessel and reach tumour, then needing across one two meters of length
Blood vessel, and the thickness of blood vessel is different, the thin and thick of wall is different, endovascular environment is complicated, therefore, for conduit for puncturing
The requirement on head is high, careless slightly just to pass through so long vascular environment at all.
During biopsy sampling, piercing needle is the component of extremely critical property, because of operator's hand held body outer end,
And blood vessel sampling is then needed by 1-2 meters of long blood vessels, then is sampled with piercing needle, therefore, is come across so remote distance
Precisely, easily operation piercing needle passes through blood vessel, pierces through vascular wall, is non-into the difficulty being sampled in tumor tissues
Chang great, the requirement to piercing needle are high.Moreover, passing through blood vessel and puncturing, natively there is many contradictory places, such as:
It needs to avoid that blood vessel is caused to damage when across blood vessel, and punctures and be required to precisely stab tumor tissues.
And this piercing needle should avoid damaging blood vessel during vascular puncture, can accurately pierce through vascular wall again
And it is sampled in the tissue such as entrance tumour.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle and its application sides
Method solves the deficiencies in the prior art.
The purpose of the present invention is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, the piercing needle include that can open made of memory metal
That closes divides valvular structure, this divides valvular structure to be made of multiple conical lobes；When each conical lobe closure, this divides the valvular structure to be
Cone shape structure；When each conical lobe is opened, this divides valvular structure to be the cylindric knot for containing multiple tapered indentations on wall
Structure, and the center of the cylindrical-shaped structure is open cavity structure.
Further, the conical lobe is that each equal curvature of point is consistent thereon, the conical lobe that is made of arcwall face.
Further, the shapes and sizes of all conical lobes are consistent.
Further, when each conical lobe is closed, close to each other two side in two neighboring conical lobe is close
Closing, this divides valvular structure to constitute totally enclosed cone shape structure.
Further, the conical lobe includes tail end and tip, and by tail end to tip, its width is sequentially reduced, when each cone
When shape valve is closed, the diameter of tail end is greater than the diameter at tip；The tail end integrally connected of each conical lobe forms circular ring shape knot
The annular ring of structure.
Further, when each conical lobe is opened, divide the diameter of valvular structure consistent with the diameter of annular ring.
Further, the length for dividing valvular structure is 3~10mm, and when valvular structure being divided to open, outer diameter is
0.4mm, internal diameter 0.3mm.
Further, described that valvular structure is divided to be the deformation closed or opened occurred according to temperature change.
Further, temperature T0 is greater than temperature T1, when temperature is T0, valvular structure is divided to open, when temperature is T1, point
Valvular structure close up to be formed it is needle-shaped.
Further, in the conical lobe, for being inclined-plane with the closing of adjacent conical valve or the side separated, and it is all
Bevel direction in conical lobe is consistent.
Further, in the conical lobe, it is soft that first is equipped with the closing of adjacent conical valve or the side separated or inclined-plane
Property layer is so that the bonding strength more high leakproofness between conical lobe is more preferable.
Further, the taper inner of the conical lobe is equipped with the second flexible layer so that conical lobe when valvular structure being divided to be closed
Between bonding strength more high leakproofness it is more preferable, and when divide pass through guiding tube inside valvular structure when itself and guiding tube binding force
Enhancing integraty increases operating effect well.
A kind of application of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, it is characterised in that: the piercing needle is in human body
Application and the application in tumor biopsy sampling in vivo in the puncture of blood vessel or tissue or organ；The application method are as follows:
(1) tail end and long tube laser welding of valvular structure will be divided；(2) when temperature T0 is 37 DEG C, valvular structure is divided to open, then will
Interventional guide wire is penetrated from the free end of long tube, and is pierced by make the structure in vivo in blood vessel from open dividing in valvular structure
Walking；(3) when reaching after piercing through position, interventional guide wire is released, syringe is penetrated from long tube, injection needle reaches
After puncture needle, to the physiological saline for injecting T1 temperature is divided at valvular structure, T1 is 5 DEG C；With the injection of physiological saline, puncture needle
Temperature be gradually reduced, when dropping to 5 DEG C, valvular structure is divided gradually to be closed, then the application that can be punctured and be sampled.
The present invention provides a kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle and its application methods, have following beneficial
Effect:
Firstly, being using the one of important function of memorial alloy piercing needle: during passing through blood vessel, point
Valvular structure is open, and passes through guiding tube among it, then each conical lobe is attached on the outer wall of guiding tube, in the process of walking
In, any damage is hardly generated to blood vessel；It is intracorporal after piercing through position when reaching, it can be by changing its puncture
It is needle-shaped or cone-shaped that the temperature of syringe needle forms its closure, and intensity and hardness greatly improve, then multiple conical lobes, which cooperate, makees
With, can be easy to pierce through vascular wall, as pierce through tumor vessel simultaneously enter tumor tissues in, facilitate carry out biopsy sampling.The knot
Structure feature very good solution requires to avoid damage to blood vessel in the blood vessel and lance that sharp piercing is needed in biopsy sampling
Shield.Therefore the structure that the memorial alloy of piercing needle is constituted makes it have the puncture of good passability and tissue in the blood vessels
Property.
Secondly, another important result using the memorial alloy piercing needle is: being sampled if biopsy, be then pierced into tumour
After equal organization internals, stop the physiological saline of injection T1 temperature, piercing needle is gradually recovered open configuration, then the operating body right-hand side
Holding end keeps piercing needle rotation or small range mobile, due to the tapered structure of multiple conical lobes, therefore the conical lobe of these openings
Small-scale agitation destruction can be generated to tumor tissues, so that can more get more more effective tumor groups when sampling
It knits, to keep the effect of biopsy more preferably more accurate.Therefore, by cleverly using memorial alloy that piercing needle is enabled to open
Open and close close between change, thus realize well across intracorporal long blood vessel, pierce through tumor vessel and enter tumor tissues,
Assist the processes such as effective biopsy sampling.
The each technical characteristic recorded in the present invention is above-mentioned two purpose or effect substantially to service, therefore multiple
Technical characteristic is interaction, synergistic effect, realizes said effect jointly, the effect of each technical characteristic can be found in specific reality
Apply illustrating in mode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram when dividing valvular structure to open described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram when dividing valvular structure to be closed described in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagram when piercing needle described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is applied at a temperature of T1；
Structural schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is the piercing needle application after insertion guiding tube described in embodiment 1 of the invention real；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of piercing needle described in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the piercing needle described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 at a temperature of T0 containing metallic coil
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the piercing needle described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 at a temperature of T1 containing metallic coil
Figure；
Fig. 8 is structural schematic diagram when piercing needle described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 is opened；
Fig. 9 is structural schematic diagram when being inserted into guiding tube in the embodiment of the present invention 3 at a temperature of T0；
Figure 10 is structural schematic diagram when being inserted into guiding tube in the embodiment of the present invention 3 at a temperature of T1；
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view when embodiment of the present invention 4 divides valvular structure closed together；
Figure 12 is cross-sectional view when dividing valvular structure to open described in the embodiment of the present invention 4.
In figure, 1, divide valvular structure, 2, metallic coil, 9, guiding tube, 100, conical lobe, 101, tail end, 102, point
End, 103, long tube, 104, annular ring, 105, inclined-plane.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention presented below is simultaneously
It is not intended to be limiting the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, this field commonsense method personnel every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts,
It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, the piercing needle include that can open made of memory metal
That closes divides valvular structure 1, and the memory metal includes but is not limited to Nitinol, corronil, albronze, ormolu
Deng.Point valvular structure 1 is made of multiple conical lobes 100, and conical lobe 100 can be identical more valve conical lobes, can also be with
To be different, but it is no matter identical or not identical, divide valvular structure 1 that can have following structure feature: when each conical lobe
When closure, as shown in Fig. 2, this divides valvular structure to be cone shape structure, and it is minor diameter that as one end, which is the major diameter other end,
Acicular texture；When each conical lobe is opened, as shown in attached drawing 1, this divides valvular structure for cylindrical-shaped structure, and the cylinder
Contain multiple tapered indentations on the wall of shape structure, the center of the cylindrical-shaped structure is open cavity structure, facilitates guiding tube etc.
It passes through.
Due to being made of shape memory metal, therefore valvular structure is divided to be closing or opening of being occurred according to temperature change
Deformation；Such as: when temperature is T0, valvular structure is divided to open, when temperature is T1, divide valvular structure close up to be formed it is needle-shaped, i.e., it is round
Cone-like structure；Temperature T0 may be set to 37 degrees Celsius, and T1 may be set to 5 degrees Celsius.
As further preferred embodiment, the conical lobe 100 includes tail end 101 and tip 102, by tail end 101
To tip 102, its width is sequentially reduced, and when each conical lobe closure, the diameter of tail end 101 is greater than the diameter at tip, is such as schemed
Shown in 2；The length of described point of valvular structure is 3~10mm, such as 5mm, when valvular structure being divided to open, outer diameter 0.4mm, and internal diameter
For 0.3mm.
As further preferred embodiment, the conical lobe is the consistent arcwall face of each equal curvature of point thereon, then
So that forming the external acicular texture for being exactly cone shape after each conical lobe is all closed；Keep score valvular structure 1 each
Place's stress is consistent, and intravascular walking is easier, and injury tolerance is smaller.
As further preferred embodiment, the shapes and sizes of all conical lobes 100 are consistent, i.e., preferably each
A conical lobe 100 is just the same, then when all conical lobes 100 all after, just make the active force of each conical lobe or hold
Stress is consistent, then after dividing valvular structure to be closed, the dynamics of acicular texture is stronger, can accurately be pierced into very much tumor group
In knitting, biopsy sampling is more convenient, and using effect is good.
As further preferred embodiment, when each conical lobe 100 closure, in two neighboring conical lobe 100
Two close closings in side close to each other, i.e., substantially seamless gap between two neighboring conical lobe, this divides valvular structure to constitute
Totally enclosed cone shape structure.Mutually close closing then makes the intensity of formed conical structure higher, to tissue
It pierces through effect to be more preferably easier, usability is stronger；And tight closure, keep its sealing effect good, makes in injection low-temperature normal saline
After it is closed, just only needing to continue to inject a small amount of physiological saline can make its maintenance continue the state of closure, so as to have enough
Time pierce through tumor vessel and enter tumor tissues inside.
As further preferred embodiment, divide in valvular structure containing 2-5 conical lobe, preferably 3 conical lobes or 4
A conical lobe；Valve number is very little, unstable to the package power of the guiding tube all directions of tubulose, and effect of walking in the blood vessel is owed
Good, then each conical lobe is too small too much for valve number, and intensity is not achieved.
In use, as shown in figure 3, the tail end 101 of the piercing needle in the present invention, i.e. major diameter one end and long tube can be connected
It connects, long tube 103 can be metal blank pipe, plastics blank pipe, the helix tube of metal material, hypotube etc., and the diameter of long tube is general
It is consistent with the diameter for the tail end for dividing valvular structure.The length of long tube needs 1-2m long, with facilitate its by intracorporal blood vessel into
Enter in in-vivo tumour tissue.The structure in general, outermost of each conical lobe tail end is connected to form one, when being easy to use, directly
The tail end of valvular structure will be divided to connect with long tube, such as welding or threaded connection, certainly, according to actual needs, can also adopted
With other connection types.
When it is implemented, following steps operation can be divided into: (a) valvular structure 1 will be divided to be fixedly connected with long tube 103, and work as temperature
When degree is T0 (such as 37 DEG C), divide valvular structure 1 open-shaped state, guiding tube 9 is passed through inside the long tube, then from dividing valvular structure
In be pierced by, be equivalent to each conical lobe 100 and be wrapped on the lateral wall of guiding tube, as shown in figure 4, then by it from internal blood
It walks and passes through in pipe and grow long blood vessel, in the blood vessel for reaching intracorporal tumor tissues.(b) it extracts guiding tube 9 out, then passes through long tube
The physiological saline of T1 temperature (such as 5 DEG C) is injected into puncture needle head by 103, so that point valvular structure 1 is cooled to T1, is then divided petaloid knot
Each conical lobe 100 in structure 1 is gradually closed together to form acicular texture or cone-shaped structure, as shown in figure 3, multiple cones
Closely after being combined, intensity increases shape valve, and due to having formed the acicular texture that front end is tip, therefore by the closure
Divide valvular structure can the more easy and convenient tumor vessel that penetrates enter inside tumor tissues.Into after inside tumor,
Stop the physiological saline of injection T1 temperature, piercing needle is gradually recovered temperature T0, and memorial alloy divides valvular structure to open.Finally again
By syringe or other instruments, piercing needle extraction inside tumor tissue fluid and tumour cell are passed through.
After physiological saline due to stopping injection T1 temperature, with the promotion of temperature, each conical lobe is opened, after opening
Each conical lobe since its front end is tip, therefore rotate piercing needle or slightly mobile, then multiple conical lobes are total to
It is further pricked broken or is blended with piercing or agitaion, the tissue that position has been damaged, make the block of tumor tissues
Shape structure is destroyed by small range, then when facilitating and take out the tissue of this part, therefore extracting inside tumor tissue fluid and tumour cell,
Effective tissue and effective amount can be got to be detected, it is ensured that the success rate of later period biopsy.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in figure 5,101 integrally connected of tail end of each conical lobe 100 forms annulus
The annular ring 104 of shape structure.When each conical lobe 100 is opened, divide the diameter of valvular structure 1 and the diameter one of annular ring 104
It causes.Then the formation of the annular ring 104 greatly facilitates the use of piercing needle, it is also facilitated to carry out with subsequent long tube 103
Connection, meanwhile, also facilitate penetrating for guiding tube 9.
The material of annular ring 104 is stainless steel, and the length is 4mm, with a thickness of 0.1~0.2mm, such as 0.1mm, 0.15mm
Or 0.2mm.The design of the annular ring is extremely important when biopsy samples, and certain hardness and rigidity is capable of providing, so that wearing
Pricker head is easier to be pierced into tissue, and precision improves.The length is too long, influence its flexibility, make its walk in the blood vessel by
Too short to influence, intensity is not achieved, and does not have due effect；And the length both will not influence during passing through blood vessel
The flexibility of long tube, and the intensity for dividing valvular structure to reach certain can be assisted.Its thickness, too thick then flexibility is poor, and can increase
Add the rugosity of outer diameter rugosity or reduced inner diameter, outer diameter increase will affect compared with the walking in thin vessels, and internal diameter too small will affect is drawn
Conduit passes through；The too thin then intensity of annular ring is inadequate, for dividing the rigidity of valvular structure not have booster action.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in figs 6-8, the piercing needle further includes the internal metal spiral for cavity
Pipe 2, the metallic coil 2 are connect with the larger diameter end (i.e. tail end 101) of valvular structure 1 is divided, preferably the two integrally connected or one
Body formed, firmness or intensity are higher, and using effect is more preferable.
The length of metallic coil 2 is 4-10mm, such as 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm.Metallic coil with a thickness of 0.1~
0.2mm, such as 0.1mm, 0.15mm or 0.2mm, thickness is also extremely important for intensity and flexible coordination, too thick or too thin all
May walking to puncture needle or intensity impact.When screw pitch in metallic coil 2 increases, length can be slightly elongated, spiral shell
When away from reducing, length slightly becomes smaller, but all in above-mentioned length range.When spiral coil unclamps in metallic coil 2, outer diameter is
0.4mm, internal diameter 0.3mm.
Above-mentioned metallic coil 2 is the metallic coil made of memorial alloy, and the memory metal includes but is not limited to
Nitinol, corronil, albronze, ormolu etc..When temperature is T0, two neighboring spiral in metallic coil 2
The screw pitch of circle increases, and diameter also accordingly increases, outer diameter about 0.35-0.45mm, such as 0.4mm, which makes it have centainly
Flexibility increases while rigidity, is suitable for the blood vessel across long range, meanwhile, at a temperature of T0, dividing valvular structure 1 is also to beat
The state opened, as shown in Figure 6；When temperature is T1, the screw pitch in metallic coil reduces, and diameter also reduces accordingly,
Outer diameter about 0.3-0.4mm, such as 0.35mm, 0.38mm, meanwhile, at a temperature of T1, divide state of the valvular structure 1 also for closure,
Facilitate puncture vascular wall, as shown in fig. 7, two neighboring spiral coil, by being combined, flexibility reduces, intensity increases.
As further preferred embodiment, the metallic coil 2 on memory metal pipe also for by being swashed
Light cuts the helical structure to form helical form joint-cutting, to make it have some strength while increase certain flexibility, does not have
Telescopic resilience power has essential difference with spring, and the effect of metallic coil 2 in the present embodiment all cannot be achieved in any spring.
As further preferred embodiment, in metallic coil 2, the width b of the shape memory alloy of spiral coil is made
For 0.3-1mm, width is too wide or too narrow effect is all bad, and too big then its flexibility will receive influences, thus will affect grow away from
From the flexibility walked in having many bends or curves blood vessel, the too small then intensity of width b is inadequate, can not carry out passing through blood vessel over long distances and reach
Tumor tissues, when spiral coil unclamps (when T0 temperature), the gap c between two neighboring spiral coil is 0.05-0.2mm, between being somebody's turn to do
Gap will be in the reasonable range, and gap c is too big, and then its intensity is inadequate, too small then flexible inadequate, as shown in figure 8, therefore, b and c
Specification it is critically important, only reasonable width b and gap c it is effective cooperate under, piercing needle can be made more stable, quick
In long body vessel, and accurately in the blood vessel of arrival tumour.When the screw pitch in metallic coil reduces (
When T1 temperature), the gap c between two neighboring spiral coil is less than 0.001mm or seamless.
As further preferred embodiment, when temperature is T1, the screw pitch in metallic coil 2 reduces, and adjacent two
Closely by being combined, intensity greatly increases a spiral coil.
When specifically used, metallic coil 2 is fixedly connected with long tube 103 and (is such as welded), when temperature is T0 (such as 37
DEG C) when, the screw pitch of metallic coil 2 is more loose, and gap is contained between the screw pitch between two neighboring spiral coil, and flexibility is good, point
Valvular structure also open-shaped state, guiding tube 9 is pierced by inside long tube, each conical lobe 100 is equivalent to and is wrapped in guiding tube
Lateral wall on, as shown in Figure 9 (in order to which attached drawing is clear, the length of long tube is drawn shorter), then from metallic coil 2 and divide valve
It is passed through in shape structure 1, it, can since the gap in metallic coil 2 between the width and spiral coil of memory metal sheet is appropriate
It is enough to keep required intensity and flexibility and pass through the blood vessel up to 1-2m, it reaches at intracorporal tumor tissues.Then it extracts out
Guiding tube, then by that the physiological saline of T1 temperature (such as 5 DEG C) will be injected into puncture needle head inside long tube, make metallic coil
With divide valvular structure to be cooled to T1, then the screw pitch in metallic coil becomes smaller, hardness improve, with each in time-division valvular structure 1
A conical lobe 100 is closed together to form acicular texture or cone-shaped structure, as shown in Figure 10, the then metallic coil tightened
Valvular structure is divided to cooperate with closure, intensity is very high, can accurately penetrate inside tumor blood vessel easily and enter tumor group
Knit inside.Into after inside tumor, stop the physiological saline of injection T1 temperature, piercing needle is gradually recovered temperature T0, metal
Helix tube screw pitch becomes larger, and the more valve structures of memorial alloy open.Finally passes through piercing needle by syringe or other instruments again and take out
Inside tumor tissue fluid and tumour cell out.
In the present embodiment, if the structure of valvular structure 1 is divided to be the structure in embodiment 2, which can also
It is connect with annular ring 104, as long as each conical lobe is firmly fixed the length of annular ring, as the length of annular ring can be
0.1mm, 0.2mm etc..
Embodiment 4
In embodiment 1-3 on the basis of any one embodiment, as depicted in figs. 11-12, in conical lobe 100, it is used for
It is inclined-plane 105 with the closing of adjacent conical valve or the side separated, i.e. there are two sides for a conical lobe 100, and each side is
Bevel structure.And 105 direction of inclined-plane in all conical lobes 100 is consistent, i.e., it is consistent by direction clockwise or counterclockwise, then
Ensure that two inclined-planes of mutual closing in two neighboring conical lobe can be just to being combined, i.e., one is from the inside
It gradually tilts, one for externally to tilted, then can both be combined together, so as to its inner surface after being combined just
It is smooth arcwall face with outer surface.
It is designed as bevel structure, the width for being equivalent to side broadens, then when making mutual closing in two neighboring conical lobe
Contact area increase, then divide valvular structure 1 be closed after, the bond strength between each conical lobe 100 is bigger, is showed
The puncture effect of acicular texture out is more preferable.Importantly, since side is designed as inclined-plane 105, so that two neighboring cone
Contact width when shape 100 mutual closing of valve increases, therefore after closure, it is not easy to so that physiological saline is spread to outside, then can
Substantially reduce the injection rate of physiological saline.
Embodiment 5
In embodiment 1-4 on the basis of any one embodiment, in conical lobe 100, with the closing of adjacent conical valve or
Separated side or inclined-plane 105 be equipped with the first flexible layer so that the bonding strength more high leakproofness between conical lobe 100 more
Good, better tightness is able to extend needle-shaped or cone shape structure time, so that biopsy sampling is more convenient.
As further preferred embodiment, the medial surface at the tip of the conical lobe is equipped with the second flexible layer so as to divide
It is higher by resultant force intensity between conical lobe when valvular structure is closed, better tightness, and draw when dividing to pass through inside valvular structure
It increases operating effect well with the binding force enhancing integraty of guiding tube when conduit.
The thickness of first flexible layer and the second flexible layer can be 0.005-0.04mm, the first flexible layer and the second flexible layer
Material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) etc..
Embodiment 6
A kind of application of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, system vascular wall in human body punctures and blood
Application in pipe, tissue penetration sampling；The application method is as follows:
(1) in temperature T0, screw pitch in metallic coil increases, and valvular structure is divided to open, then by interventional guide wire from
The free end of guiding tube penetrates, and passes through metallic coil, is finally pierced by make the structure from open dividing in valvular structure
It walks in blood vessel in vivo；(2) when reaching the position wait pierce through, interventional guide wire is released, syringe is worn from long tube
Enter, after injection needle reaches puncture needle, to metallic coil and the physiological saline for dividing injection T1 temperature at valvular structure, T1 5
℃；With the injection of physiological saline, the temperature of puncture needle is gradually reduced, when dropping to5DEG C when, screw pitch in metallic coil by
Gradual change is small, and valvular structure is divided gradually to be closed, then the application that can be punctured and be sampled.
Application in human body in vascular wall puncture: for anywhere being punctured in human body any vessels, mesh
Can be detection, treatment, observation situation or check and etc..It, then can be by piercing through correspondingly if there is extravasated blood in certain places
The vascular wall of side is dispersed to the extravasated blood that can not be absorbed in tissue etc. and realizes that extravasated blood is eliminated.
Application in blood vessel, tissue penetration sampling: it is to enter tissue or intraorganic blood vessel by blood vessel, is then pierced through
The blood vessel enters in tissue or organ, such as pierces through intratumoral vasculature and enters progress biopsy or detection sampling in tumor tissues.
Puncture in the present embodiment thinks that the puncture of blood vessel or tissue or organ, the puncture are the blood of human body depths substantially
The puncture of pipe or tissue or organ, because being all easy at human body table, method or technique in the prior art be can be achieved with,
Only human body depths is just least easy to be most troublesome, so the application can act on the blood vessel, tissue, organ of human body depths.When
So, when in use, piercing needle needs are attached with long tube, then penetrate guiding tube wherein.
Embodiment 7
In order to further study the practical function of the piercing needle in the present invention, the applicant is from the vascular group passed through
With length, crossing time, multiple latitudes such as the injury tolerance of blood vessel, the dynamics at tip, the time of sampling and precision are carried out
Research.
Method: enter for liver neoplasm sampling biopsy: by Seldinger arteriopuncture technology, in irradiation image
Under guidance, at a temperature of T0 (such as 37 degrees Celsius), guiding tube is passed through into piercing needle, usual guide wire is worn from the cavity of long tube
It crosses again from dividing the centre of valvular structure to be pierced by, it is dynamic via stock then in guide wire, long tube and under dividing the mating reaction of valvular structure
Arteries and veins enters liver artery, then enters liver vessel from liver artery, eventually enters into inside tumor blood vessel.Guiding tube is extracted out, in T1
At a temperature of (such as 5 degrees Celsius), by piercing needle pierce through inside tumor blood vessel and enter tumor tissues in, then stop injection T1 temperature
The physiological saline of degree, temperature are increased to T0 temperature, and piercing needle is opened, is then sampled, with taken tumor tissues or tissue
Liquid etc. carries out biopsy test.
In the above process, the vascular group of process: femoral artery-liver artery-liver vessel-inside tumor blood vessel.
The length of vessel passed through: 1.6 meters.
Tested the piercing needle in embodiment 1-5 as experimental group 1-5, finally measure its crossing time,
To the injury tolerance of blood vessel, the dynamics at tip, the time of sampling and precision etc..
Comparative example 1: circular cone three-dimensional-structure when dividing valvular structure to be closed instead the structure in embodiment 1, and do not use
Memorial alloy, therefore no matter penetrating vascular process or being pierced into the process of tumor tissues is cone-shaped structure.Across vascular process
In, guiding tube can not spread out of taper structure, therefore its inside for being against cone-shaped structure.As shown in Figure 2.
Comparative example 2: structure when dividing valvular structure to open instead the structure in embodiment 1, and memorial alloy is not used,
Therefore no matter penetrating vascular process or being pierced into the process of tumor tissues is the process of each conical lobe opening.Across vascular process
In, guiding tube is pierced by taper structure, is also the process that more valve conical lobes are opened when being pierced into tumor tissues.As shown in Figure 1.
Comparative example 3: the memory metal helix tube in embodiment 3 is changed to flexibility and the consistent bullet of memory metal helix tube
Spring, and the non-memory alloy of spring is made, the spring is consistent with intensity of metallic coil at a temperature of T0 in embodiment 3.
Comparative example 4: the memory metal helix tube in embodiment 3 is changed to spring, and the non-memory alloy of spring is made, the bullet
Spring is consistent with intensity of metallic coil at a temperature of T1 in embodiment 3.
In upper table, 1) reaching the tumor vascular time refers in the case where long tube is completely the same, each embodiment
Blood vessel, which is passed through, with comparative example reaches the time required for tumor tissues；2) injury tolerance of blood vessel is referred to drawing internal blood vessel
The case where hurting or stabbing.3) when tip dynamics refers to being pierced into tumor vessel inner wall when being pierced into, power possessed by puncture needle head；
4) precision being pierced into refers to phase recency of the site with default puncture site for actually puncturing blood vessel, about close to 100% its essence
Accuracy is higher, and precision is higher, and when being repeatedly pierced into, Overlay is better, and piercing is easier.5) sample time refers to taking out
Sample the time of the samplers sample drawns such as this syringe；6) biopsy accuracy rate refers to getting a effective amount of tumor tissues
Just the reason of accuracy rate capable of being made to reach 100%, leading to biopsy rate of precision, is basic are as follows: structure limitation makes its office to tumor tissues
Portion's destructiveness is weak, and the tumor tissues effective quantity of taking-up is very little, and the rate of precision of detection is caused to reduce.7) the physiological saline note of T1 temperature
Enter amount to refer to being closed head and maintain the amount being added required for the closure of head.
The result of above-mentioned experimental group and contrast groups is described as follows shown:
Embodiment 1: it can smoothly pass through long femoral artery and arteria hepatica etc. and enter tumor vessel.It is to blood vessel
Injury tolerance very little, tip dynamics can ensure to pierce through vascular wall, and precision is also higher；It can be oriented due to four tips
Local failure tumor tissues, therefore its sample time is shorter, and can get a effective amount of tumor tissues, biopsy accuracy rate is substantially
100% (excluding the factors such as human operational error or mistake when detection).
Embodiment 2: it can smoothly pass through the femoral artery tasted and arteria hepatica etc. and enter tumor vessel.Its annular ring
Length be not suitable for too long, not so influence the flexibility walked in blood vessel, thus its to be pierced into dynamics slightly lower compared with embodiment 3, but also very
It is easy to pierce through vascular wall and can accurately be pierced into.Due to the local failure tumor tissues that four tips can orient, therefore it takes
The sample time is shorter, and can get a effective amount of tumor tissues, and biopsy accuracy rate, which is substantially 100%, (to be excluded artificially to grasp when detection
Make the factors such as fault or mistake).
Embodiment 3: it can smoothly pass through the femoral artery tasted and arteria hepatica etc. and enter tumor vessel.Compare embodiment
2 walk in the blood vessel it is more flexible, it is easy to pierce through vascular wall, just can many times pierce through for 1 time, and precision is high, therefore for the first time
When not piercing through, it is easy to just to pierce through for the second time.Due to the local failure tumor tissues that four tips can orient, therefore its
Sample time is shorter, and can get a effective amount of tumor tissues, and biopsy accuracy rate is substantially 100% (artificial when excluding to detect
The factors such as operation error or mistake).
Embodiment 4: it can smoothly pass through the femoral artery tasted and arteria hepatica etc. and enter tumor vessel.In the blood vessel
It walks more flexible, it is easy to pierce through vascular wall, and precision is high, biopsy accuracy rate is high, due to the good airproof performance of its piercing needle,
It needs to inject and maintains the amount of the physiological saline of T1 temperature few.
Embodiment 5: it can smoothly pass through the femoral artery tasted and arteria hepatica etc. and enter tumor vessel.In the blood vessel
It walks more flexible, it is easy to pierce through vascular wall, and precision is high, biopsy accuracy rate is high, due to the good airproof performance of its piercing needle,
It needs to inject and maintains the amount of the physiological saline of T1 temperature few.
Comparative example 1: the cutting-edge structure 1. kept straight on, it is very big to injury of blood vessel degree, it can also largely effect on travel time；And
Guiding tube can not stretch out, and not have the effect of front end guidance, can also greatly increase travel time in the blood vessel.2. due to it
Only one point of tip, it is poor to the local failure effect of tumor tissues, therefore be difficult to get effective tumor tissues sample when sampling,
Its sample time is caused to increase.3. since sample time is longer, therefore tumor tissues amount is very little in the sample got sometimes, leads to standard
True rate reduces.4. needing great care, row in addition, since degree of injury of its tip to blood vessel is big, therefore when walking in the blood vessel
Walking the time greatly increases.
Comparative example 2: 1. since four sharp youngsters of four conical lobes are not dispersed in four places, Gu Qijian in same point
End dynamics very little, it is not easy to wear out vascular wall, be not easy to enter in tumor tissues across blood vessel wearing out.2. due to its point
End dynamics is small, and strength control is more difficult, and it is generally necessary to which being repeatedly pierced into can just puncture, therefore its precision for being pierced into blood vessel is compared with embodiment
1 is substantially reduced.3. its pierce through vascular wall enter tumor tissues time it is very long, many times can not be into piercing through vascular wall
Enter tumor tissues；4. entering in tumor tissues since entire piercing needle can not pass through blood vessel, therefore it is difficult to get substantially effective
Tumor tissues can not carry out clinical application.
Comparative example 3: 1. its tip itself is that have certain dynamics but what is connect behind is spring, and spring is due to its elastic force
Effect, and make to be remote operation when power, therefore intensity is inadequate, it is not easy to which control makes force, and in the effect of its elastic force
Under, when making power, spring section is easily bent, and strength is easy to disperse from different directions, and piercing dynamics is caused to substantially reduce, point
The power at end is smaller, and it is larger to wear out blood vessel difficulty, and needing repeatedly puncture can not even puncture.2. being pierced into the essence of vascular wall
Accuracy is poor, and the site difference of the piercing of homogeneous is not larger, therefore is pierced into every time relatively difficult.3. due to being pierced into blood vessel in not homogeneous
The precision of wall is poor, therefore preceding piercing several times is to the subsequent dynamics being pierced into almost without booster action, therefore needed for being pierced into every time
It is consistent, it is very big to the injury tolerance of vascular wall when causing its piercing time to greatly increase, and being pierced into.4. due to the elastic force of spring
Effect, keeps capable direction more difficult to control, therefore orientation is poor to the destructive power of local tumor tissues, for getting effective tumour
Tissue needs the long period, and stability is also poor.5. since sample time is longer, therefore tumor tissues amount in the sample got sometimes
Very little, accuracy rate is caused to reduce.
Comparative example 4: since toughness reduces, lead to flexibility reduction of walking in the blood vessel, the injury tolerance of internal blood vessel is increased
Add.Even if the intensity of spring is consistent with the intensity at a temperature of T1 in embodiment 3, but since the person's character of its spring makes so, so that thorn
Fashionable, the strength direction on spring is difficult unanimously, it will usually scatter one's forces to different directions, the dynamics at tip is caused obviously to drop
It is low, and the precision being pierced into also is easily reduced, the time of piercing is also easier to reduce, in short, the dynamics of its piercing, precision
It is all unstable with the time, sometimes more satisfactory, very laborious youngster sometimes；Stability is poor when it is applied；One is also had for sample time
Fixing is rung.In addition, since degree of injury of its tip to blood vessel is big, therefore when walking in the blood vessel, great care is needed, when walking
Between greatly increase.
Data in the present embodiment are the average value that test of many times obtains.For the injury tolerance within 10%, Bu Huiying
Human health is rung, and left and right can self-healing for 24 hours.And using the puncture needle in the embodiment of the present invention, in the mistake for wearing out blood vessel
Cheng Zhong is to compare accurately substantially, it is only necessary to which piercing an aperture just can pass through vascular wall, due to the elastic force of blood vessel and self
Power is repaired, therefore the damage in the application substantially all can self-healing.And the damage in some comparative examples, it will cause in transmission process
Damage since the precision of piercing is inadequate or the power in some direction controls inconvenience, therefore causes to be pierced into vascular wall when being pierced into
Afterwards, local damage is more serious, and drug many times must all be added and carry out interventional therapy, suppository is such as added.
In the present invention, guiding tube can be with are as follows: the guiding tube includes stainless steel core and is wrapped in stainless steel core periphery
Wrapping wire layer, wrapping wire layer are made of the wrapping wire that at least one package is surrounded on stainless steel core periphery；The wrapping wire is stainless steel wrap wire.Around
Hydrophilic layer can be also coated outside silk layer, a point part for valvular structure front end is conveniently exposed at and more smoothly walks in the blood vessels.Hydrophilic layer
Material can be for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), silicon rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, fluorocarbon polymer and polyurethane etc..
In the present invention, at T0 (such as 37 DEG C), it will divide valvular structure is prefabricated to be in an open state, metallic coil is made as in advance
The state that spiral is unclamped；Then at T1 (such as 5 DEG C), valvular structure will be divided to be made as the state closed in advance, metallic coil is prefabricated
For the state that spiral is tightened, specific method for prefabricating is referring to the prior art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the invention can have various changes and changes.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are equal
Replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, it is characterised in that: the piercing needle includes by memory metal system
At can open and close divide valvular structure, this divides valvular structure to be made of multiple conical lobes；
When each conical lobe closure, this divides valvular structure to be cone shape structure；
When each conical lobe is opened, this divides valvular structure to be the cylindrical-shaped structure for containing multiple tapered indentations on wall, and the circle
The center of column structure is open cavity structure.
2. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conical lobe is it
The conical lobe that upper each equal curvature of point is consistent, is made of arcwall face.
3. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: all conical lobes
Shapes and sizes it is consistent.
4. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conical lobe includes
Tail end and tip, by tail end to tip, its width is sequentially reduced, and when each conical lobe closure, the diameter of tail end is greater than tip
Diameter.
5. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: when each conical lobe closes
When conjunction, the close closing in close to each other two side in two neighboring conical lobe, it is totally enclosed that this divides valvular structure to constitute
Cone shape structure；
The tail end integrally connected of each conical lobe forms the annular ring of cirque structure.
6. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle described in any one of -5 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when
When each conical lobe is opened, divide the diameter of valvular structure consistent with the diameter of annular ring；
The length of described point of valvular structure is 3~10mm, when valvular structure being divided to open, outer diameter 0.4mm, internal diameter 0.3mm.
7. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described to divide valvular structure
For the deformation closed or opened occurred according to temperature change；
Temperature T0 is greater than temperature T1, when temperature is T0, valvular structure is divided to open, and when temperature is T1, valvular structure is divided to close up
It is formed needle-shaped.
8. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: in the conical lobe
In, for being inclined-plane with the closing of adjacent conical valve or the side separated, and the bevel direction in all conical lobes is consistent.
9. multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: on the conical lobe,
Be equipped with the first flexible layer with the closing of adjacent conical valve or the side separated or inclined-plane so that the bonding strength between conical lobe more
High leakproofness is more preferable；
The taper inner of the conical lobe is equipped with the second flexible layer so that connection when valvular structure being divided to be closed between conical lobe is strong
Degree more high leakproofness is more preferable, and the binding force enhancing integraty of itself and guiding tube is good when dividing inside valvular structure across guiding tube
Increase operating effect.
10. a kind of application of multi-functional intravascular tissue piercing needle, it is characterised in that: piercing needle blood in human body
Application and the application in tumor biopsy sampling in vivo in the puncture of pipe or tissue or organ；The application method is as follows:
(1) tail end and long tube laser welding of valvular structure will be divided；
(2) when temperature T0 is 37 DEG C, divide valvular structure to open, then penetrate interventional guide wire from the free end of long tube, and from
Dividing in valvular structure for opening is pierced by that the structure is made to walk in blood vessel in vivo；
(3) when reaching behind site of puncture, interventional guide wire is released, syringe is penetrated from long tube, injection needle reaches
After puncture needle, to the physiological saline for injecting T1 temperature is divided at valvular structure, T1 is 5 DEG C；With the injection of physiological saline, puncture needle
Temperature be gradually reduced, when dropping to 5 DEG C, valvular structure is divided gradually to be closed, then the application such as can be punctured or be sampled.
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