CN109321349B - Aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109321349B CN109321349B CN201811307987.6A CN201811307987A CN109321349B CN 109321349 B CN109321349 B CN 109321349B CN 201811307987 A CN201811307987 A CN 201811307987A CN 109321349 B CN109321349 B CN 109321349B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses an aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aqueous solution comprises the following substances: the iron oxide nano-particles, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent and the auxiliary agent, and the balance being deionized water, wherein the concentration of the iron oxide nano-particles is within the range of 2-10 g/L, the concentration of the dispersing agent is within the range of 10-25 g/L, and the concentration of the defoaming agent is within the range of 2-10 g/L. According to the components, the aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of convenient material obtaining of raw materials, simple preparation process and method, and easy laboratory and industrial production; the aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals takes water as a main body, so the aqueous solution has good cooling effect, is easy to clean, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to the health of human bodies, and belongs to an environment-friendly lubricant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricants for nonferrous metal machining, in particular to an aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Contact friction of metal parts inevitably occurs during machining. Friction tends to cause wear to varying degrees. Non-ferrous metal alloys, especially light metal alloys such as aluminum, magnesium, titanium and the like, are widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, oceans, biomedicine and the like due to excellent specific strength and corrosion resistance. However, the lower hardness makes the non-ferrous metal alloy easy to generate serious adhesion phenomenon in the machining process, which greatly reduces the precision of parts and seriously affects the quality of products.
Lubricants are a commonly used item in the machining industry. The lubricant can obviously improve the severe friction and wear state of the metal parts, improve the precision of the parts and improve the product quality. Conventional lubricants are generally prepared by adding various additives to mineral oils, synthetic hydrocarbons, animal and vegetable oils, or mixtures thereof. Because the lubricant contains a large amount of oil substances, the lubricant is not easy to clean, has poor biodegradability and serious environmental pollution.
The water-based lubricant is generally formed by adding additives into water serving as a main body, and has the advantages of low cost, less environmental pollution, good cooling effect, easiness in cleaning, non-flammability and no harm to human health. Thus, the water-based lubricant is an environment-friendly lubricant which can realize 'water-substituted oil' and is used for the surface machining of nonferrous metal parts. The invention provides an environment-friendly iron oxide-containing nanoparticle water-based lubricant, aiming at the problems of severe adhesion phenomenon of the machined surface of a nonferrous metal part, difficult cleaning of the traditional oil-based lubricant, severe environmental pollution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the aqueous solution for machining the nonferrous metal and the preparation method thereof are provided, the raw materials are convenient to obtain, the preparation process and the method are simple, and the laboratory and the industrial production are easy to realize; the aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals takes water as a main body, so that the aqueous solution has good cooling effect, is easy to clean, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to the health of human bodies, and belongs to an environment-friendly lubricant; the lubricant is provided with nano oxide particles to form a transfer film in the friction process and isolate the metal surface, thereby achieving the effects of reducing friction and improving abrasion; the ultrasonic cavitation process promotes the dispersant to effectively wrap the ferric oxide nano particles, so that the particle aggregation agent is prevented from settling, and the prepared water-based lubricant has good dispersibility of the ferric oxide nano particles.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an aqueous solution for use in nonferrous metal machining comprising: the iron oxide nano-particles, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent and the auxiliary agent, and the balance being deionized water, wherein the concentration of the iron oxide nano-particles is within the range of 2-10 g/L, the concentration of the dispersing agent is within the range of 10-25 g/L, and the concentration of the defoaming agent is within the range of 2-10 g/L.
In a further development of the invention, the iron oxide nanoparticles are spherical or approximately spherical in shape.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the particle size of the iron oxide nanoparticles is in the range of 20-500 nm.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the dispersant is composed of one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethyleneimine, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate.
In a further improvement of the invention, the defoaming agent is composed of one or more of emulsified silicone oil, polydimethylsiloxane, fluorosilicone or ethylene glycol siloxane.
In a further development of the invention, the auxiliary agent consists of one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol or polyethylene glycol.
According to a further improvement of the invention, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is within the range of 400-3000.
A method of preparing an aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining as described above, comprising the steps of:
1) fully and mechanically mixing deionized water and iron oxide nanoparticles according to a proportion and then standing;
2) carrying out low-speed centrifugation treatment on the solution, filtering out large-particle precipitates, and collecting an upper-layer solution;
3) then adding substances such as a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, an auxiliary agent and the like, and carrying out ultrasonic cavitation in a water bath state;
4) standing to obtain the lubricant.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step 1), mechanical mixing is performed in a stirring manner, and the stirring time is within a range of 1-5 h.
The invention further improves the scheme that in the step 2), the rotating speed of the centrifuge is in the range of 300-2000 rpm in the low-speed centrifugation treatment process.
According to a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step 3), the temperature of the water bath is within the range of 20-75 ℃, and the time of ultrasonic cavitation is within the range of 1-5 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the aqueous solution for machining nonferrous metals has the advantages of convenient material acquisition of raw materials, simple preparation process and method, and easy laboratory and industrial production.
Secondly, the aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining of the present invention is an aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining that uses water as a main body, and thus has good cooling effect, is easy to clean, has no pollution to the environment, is harmless to human health, and belongs to an environment-friendly lubricant.
Thirdly, the aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining of the present invention is prepared with nano oxide particles in the lubricant to form a transfer film in the friction process and isolate the metal surface, thereby achieving the effects of reducing friction and improving abrasion.
Fourthly, in the preparation method of the aqueous solution for machining the nonferrous metal, the ultrasonic cavitation process promotes the dispersing agent to effectively wrap the ferric oxide nano particles, so that the particle aggregation agent is prevented from settling, and the dispersibility of the ferric oxide nano particles in the prepared water-based lubricant is good.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is the average coefficient of friction of the GCr15 steel ball/TC 4 alloy under a load of 20N in a dry-sliding, water-based lubricant containing iron oxide nanoparticles.
Fig. 2 shows wear scars of TC4 alloy in the state of dry sliding (a) and water-based lubricant containing iron oxide nanoparticles (b).
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1
Weighing 5g of iron oxide nanoparticles, 12g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2g of polydimethylsiloxane, 10mL of glycerol and 1L of deionized water. Mixing deionized water and iron oxide nanoparticles, mechanically stirring for 2h, standing for 1h, centrifuging the upper solution at the rotation speed of 500rpm, filtering to remove large particles, and collecting the upper solution; and adding sodium dodecyl sulfate, polydimethylsiloxane, glycerol and the like into the solution, fully stirring, heating in a water bath to 50 ℃, and performing ultrasonic cavitation for 5 hours to obtain the required lubricant.
Example 2
Weighing 10g of iron oxide nanoparticles, 8g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4g of sodium lauryl sulfate, 2g of emulsified silicone oil, 15mL of polyethylene glycol and 1L of deionized water. Mixing deionized water and iron oxide nanoparticles, mechanically stirring for 2h, standing for 1h, centrifuging the upper solution at the rotation speed of 500rpm, filtering to remove large particles, and collecting the upper solution; adding sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, emulsified silicon, polyethylene glycol and the like into the solution, fully stirring, heating in a water bath to 50 ℃, and ultrasonically cavitating for 5 hours to obtain the required lubricant.
Example 3
Weighing 5g of iron oxide nanoparticles, 2g of polyethyleneimine, 8g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2g of polydimethylsiloxane, 10mL of glycerol and 1L of deionized water. Mixing deionized water and iron oxide nanoparticles, mechanically stirring for 2h, standing for 1h, centrifuging the upper solution at the rotation speed of 500rpm, filtering to remove large particles, and collecting the upper solution; and adding polyethyleneimine, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polydimethylsiloxane, glycerol and the like into the solution, fully stirring, heating in a water bath to 50 ℃, and performing ultrasonic cavitation for 5 hours to obtain the required lubricant.
The lubricants prepared in the three examples are evaluated by the antifriction and antiwear effects of a UMT-2 friction tester on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy, and the friction and wear behaviors under dry sliding conditions are compared. The opposite grinding pair adopts GCr15 steel ball with hardness of 50HRC, reciprocating sliding mode, amplitude of 4Hz, load of 20N and sliding distance of 28 m. Before the start of sliding, 1mL/mm2 of water-based lubricant was added to the surface of the unit specimen without any subsequent addition during sliding.
The data for the lubricant prepared in example 1 was found to be the worst of the three examples, and the lubricant prepared in example 1 was therefore analyzed.
The friction coefficient and wear volume results for the titanium alloy of the lubricant prepared in example 1 are shown in figures 1 and 2.
In fig. 1, the coefficient of friction of the water-based lubricant added is significantly lower than that of the dry sliding state at a load of 20N, and the coefficient of friction of the water-based lubricant added is less than half of that of the dry sliding state.
In fig. 2, under the precondition that the distribution of the depth area of the grinding mark of the water-based lubricant is equivalent to the distribution of the depth area of the grinding mark in the dry sliding state under the load of 20N, the diameter of the grinding mark of the water-based lubricant is obviously smaller than that of the grinding mark in the dry sliding state, so that the wear of the water-based lubricant is obviously smaller than that in the dry sliding state.
It is clear that water-based lubricants containing iron oxide nanoparticles have excellent frictional wear properties.
Claims (3)
1. Aqueous solution for the machining of non-ferrous metals, characterized in that: comprises the following materials: the water-based paint comprises iron oxide nanoparticles, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the balance is deionized water, the concentration of the iron oxide nanoparticles is within the range of 2-10 g/L, the concentration of the dispersing agent is within the range of 10-25 g/L, and the concentration of the defoaming agent is within the range of 2-10 g/L; the iron oxide nanoparticles are spherical or approximately spherical; the particle size of the iron oxide nanoparticles is within the range of 20-500 nm; the dispersing agent is composed of one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethyleneimine, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium lauryl sulfate;
the defoaming agent consists of one or more of emulsified silicone oil, polydimethylsiloxane, fluorosilicone or ethylene glycol siloxane, and the auxiliary agent consists of one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol or polyethylene glycol;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) fully and mechanically mixing deionized water and iron oxide nanoparticles according to a proportion, stirring for 1-5 h, and standing;
2) carrying out low-speed centrifugation treatment on the solution, filtering out large-particle precipitates, and collecting an upper-layer solution;
3) then adding a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and an auxiliary agent, and carrying out ultrasonic cavitation in a water bath state, wherein the temperature of the water bath is within the range of 20-75 ℃, and the ultrasonic cavitation time is within the range of 1-5 h;
4) standing to obtain the lubricant.
2. The aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining according to claim 1, wherein: the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is within the range of 400-3000.
3. The aqueous solution for nonferrous metal machining according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), in the low-speed centrifugal treatment process, the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is within the range of 300-2000 rpm.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2090285A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1982-07-07 | Vyzk Ustav Keramiky | Separating and Lubricating Agent for Treating Moulds |
| JPH06134507A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-17 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Lubricant for hot working of stainless steel |
| CN102029551A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | Lubricating and cooling method for cutting process and device thereof |
| CN108441312A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of water base 2D/0D nanocomposites lubricant |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101307192B (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2011-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ferroferric oxide nanometer particles with excellent water dispersancy and method for preparing same |
| BR112014019388A8 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2017-07-11 | Nfluids Inc | WELL FLUID CONTAINING NANOPARTICLES, USE OF WELL FLUID, AND METHOD |
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2018
- 2018-11-05 CN CN201811307987.6A patent/CN109321349B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2090285A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1982-07-07 | Vyzk Ustav Keramiky | Separating and Lubricating Agent for Treating Moulds |
| JPH06134507A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-17 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Lubricant for hot working of stainless steel |
| CN102029551A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | Lubricating and cooling method for cutting process and device thereof |
| CN108441312A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of water base 2D/0D nanocomposites lubricant |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 添加纳米氧化物颗粒对TC4合金磨损行为的影响;张尊广;《稀有金属材料与工程》;20170731;第46卷(第7期);第1839-1840页 * |
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