CN109308390B - Combined regulation simulation system and method for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of power grid at transmitting and receiving ends - Google Patents
Combined regulation simulation system and method for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of power grid at transmitting and receiving ends Download PDFInfo
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- CN109308390B CN109308390B CN201811101511.7A CN201811101511A CN109308390B CN 109308390 B CN109308390 B CN 109308390B CN 201811101511 A CN201811101511 A CN 201811101511A CN 109308390 B CN109308390 B CN 109308390B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined regulation simulation system and method for a transmitting-receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set, wherein the simulation system comprises: the method comprises the following steps that a wind/light energy model of a transmitting-end power grid and a hydroelectric generating set model of a receiving-end power grid are operated in a combined mode, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model; the hydroelectric generating set model comprises a water turbine model, a water diversion system model, a water turbine generator model and a water turbine adjusting system model, wherein the water turbine adjusting system model comprises a speed regulator model and a mechanical hydraulic servo system model. The simulation system provided by the embodiment of the invention develops the wide-area combined simulation of the wind/light-hydroelectric generating set. Under the background of large-scale new energy consumption difficulty, a new way is provided for research on cross-region wind power consumption of the ultra-high voltage direct current receiving end hydroelectric generating set, and the method has engineering application value for realizing cross-region wind power consumption and improving the whole network new energy consumption level.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of new energy consumption, in particular to a combined regulation simulation system and method for a power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting end and a receiving end.
Background
At present, renewable energy has a wide development prospect by virtue of the zero pollution, and the development of power generation by utilizing wind energy, water energy and solar energy is the fastest. The reasonable utilization of renewable energy to realize the sustainable development of energy has become an important measure of energy development strategy. With the development of large-scale wind power/photovoltaic energy, the development of wind power/photovoltaic energy in China keeps the strong momentum of rapid development, but the contradiction between the unconventional development of new energy power generation and the relative lag of power grid construction is increasingly obvious.
The wind power output has the characteristics of intermittency, anti-regulation, large output fluctuation and the like, and the improvement of the wind power permeability is severely restricted. The large-scale wind power/photovoltaic energy access power grid with the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, anti-adjustability, large output fluctuation and the like has great influence on the voltage stability, transient stability and frequency stability of a power system, so that the phenomena of wind abandonment, light abandonment and water abandonment are widely caused, and the reformation of an energy structure is severely restricted by the problems of difficult grid connection of the wind power/photovoltaic energy, difficult absorption after grid connection and the like. Therefore, the regulation capacity and the operation efficiency of the power system are improved, measures are taken from the load side, the power supply side and the power grid side, the flexibility and the adaptability of the system are enhanced, the problem of new energy consumption is solved, and the development of green is promoted to be important. The hydroelectric generating set has the characteristics of quick start/stop, high adjusting speed, wide adjusting range and the like, and has the functions of peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like in a power system.
Although a great deal of literature exists in the prior art to research the feasibility of a hydroelectric generating set in a receiving-end power grid for compensating power fluctuation of a transmitting-end power grid and wind power-hydropower dispatching operation, deep research and discussion are lacked in the aspects of adjusting performance quality of combined operation, output adjusting depth and adjusting speed of the hydroelectric generating set, combined operation strategy, combined operation simulation and the like in the process of hydropower compensation wind power. Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a combined regulation simulation system and method for wind power/photovoltaic energy and hydroelectric generating sets in a large-scale wind power access transmitting and receiving end power grid, so as to consider factors influencing combined regulation during simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a system and a method for joint regulation simulation of grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting/receiving end.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting and receiving end, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a wind/light energy model of a sending-end power grid and a hydroelectric generating set model of a receiving-end power grid are electrically connected, the wind/light energy model and the hydroelectric generating set model run in a combined mode, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model;
the hydroelectric generating set model comprises a water turbine model, a diversion system model, a water turbine generator model and a water turbine adjusting system model, wherein the water turbine model is used for simulating a water turbine in the hydroelectric generating set, the diversion system model is used for simulating a diversion system in the hydroelectric generating set, the water turbine generator model is used for simulating a water turbine generator in the hydroelectric generating set, and the water turbine adjusting system model is used for simulating a water turbine adjusting system in the hydroelectric generating set;
the hydraulic turbine regulating system model comprises a speed regulator model and a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model, wherein the speed regulator model is used for simulating a speed regulator in the hydraulic turbine regulating system, and the mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model is used for simulating a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system in the hydraulic turbine regulating system.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a simulation method implemented according to the combined regulation simulation system of the power grid wind/light energy and the hydroelectric generating set at the transmitting and receiving ends, which comprises the following steps:
simulating different working states of the hydroelectric generating set in the receiving end power grid by controlling the wind/light energy of the transmitting and receiving end power grid and the hydroelectric generating set to jointly adjust parameters of a hydroelectric generating set model in the simulation system;
and determining the capacity of the hydroelectric generating set for compensating the fluctuation of the target power of wind/light energy output in the power grid at the transmission end under different working states.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a combined regulation simulation device for power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting and receiving end, which comprises:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, which when called by the processor are capable of performing the emulation method described above.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions cause the computer to execute the simulation method described above.
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined regulation simulation system and method for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating sets of a power grid at a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the simulation system comprises: the method comprises the following steps that a wind/light energy model of a transmitting end power grid and a hydroelectric generating set model of a receiving end power grid are combined to run, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model; the hydroelectric generating set model comprises a water turbine model, a water diversion system model, a water turbine generator model and a water turbine adjusting system model, wherein the water turbine adjusting system model comprises a speed regulator model and a mechanical hydraulic servo system model. The wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system of the transmitting-receiving end power grid provided by the embodiment of the invention develops wind/light-hydroelectric generating set wide-area combined simulation according to the actual wind power output curve of the wind/light energy model of the transmitting-end power grid. Under the background of difficult large-scale new energy consumption, the combined regulation simulation system for the wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of the power grid at the transmitting and receiving end provided by the embodiment of the invention provides a new way for research on cross-region wind power consumption of the ultra-high voltage direct current receiving hydroelectric generating set, and has a re-engineering application value for realizing cross-region wind power consumption and improving the whole-network new energy consumption level.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting and receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transfer function of a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model and a simulation cabinet of an oil pressure device in a combined regulation simulation system of a transmitting-receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a unit flow comprehensive characteristic curve of a water turbine model in a combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting end and a receiving end, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve of a water turbine model in a combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting end and a receiving end provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic power curve diagram of a hydroelectric generating set model adopted in simulation in the combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at the transmitting and receiving ends according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a guide vane control signal of a hydroelectric generating set model adopted in simulation in the combined regulation simulation system of wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating sets of a transmitting-receiving end power grid according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a wind power curve of a transmitting-end power grid adopted in simulation in the combined regulation simulation system of the transmitting-receiving-end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a target power curve of joint operation in a combined regulation simulation system of a transmitting-receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting-end power grid wind power curve before maximum power amplitude limitation of a hydroelectric generating set is considered, which is obtained when simulation is performed in a combined regulation simulation system of transmitting-receiving-end power grid wind/light energy and a hydroelectric generating set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting-end power grid wind power curve obtained in consideration of maximum power amplitude limitation of a hydroelectric generating set when wind/light energy of a transmitting-receiving-end power grid and the hydroelectric generating set are subjected to simulation in the combined regulation simulation system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a combined regulation simulation method of power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting/receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the prior art, the adjusting performance quality of combined operation in the process of hydroelectric power compensation wind power, the output adjusting depth and adjusting speed of the hydroelectric generating set, a combined operation strategy, combined operation simulation and the like are lack of deep research and discussion. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a combined regulation simulation system and method for power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating sets at a transmitting end and a receiving end. The following is a detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a combined regulation simulation system for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of a power grid at a transmitting/receiving end, including: the wind/light energy model 1 of the transmitting end power grid is electrically connected with the hydroelectric generating set model 2 of the receiving end power grid, the wind/light energy model 1 of the transmitting end power grid and the hydroelectric generating set model 2 of the receiving end power grid operate in a combined mode, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model 1 of the transmitting end power grid is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model 2 of the receiving end power grid.
The hydroelectric generating set model 2 of the receiving-end power grid comprises a water turbine model 21, a diversion system model 22, a water turbine generator model 23 and a water turbine adjusting system model 24, wherein the water turbine model 21 is used for simulating a water turbine in the hydroelectric generating set, the diversion system model 22 is used for simulating a diversion system in the hydroelectric generating set, the water turbine generator model 23 is used for simulating a water turbine generator in the hydroelectric generating set, and the water turbine adjusting system model 24 is used for simulating a water turbine adjusting system in the hydroelectric generating set. The hydro turbine regulation system model 24 includes a governor model 241 and a mechano-hydraulic follow-up system model 242, where the governor model 241 is used to simulate a governor in the hydro turbine regulation system and the mechano-hydraulic follow-up system model 242 is used to simulate a mechano-hydraulic follow-up system in the hydro turbine regulation system.
Specifically, a combined regulation simulation system of power grid wind/light energy and a hydroelectric generating set at a transmitting and receiving end is constructed in the embodiment of the invention, a wind/light energy model 1 and a hydroelectric generating set model 2 run in a combined mode, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model 1 is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model 2. The wind/light energy model refers to a wind/photovoltaic energy output model in the power transmission end grid, and mainly adopts a wind/photovoltaic energy output curve in the power transmission end grid.
In general, a conventional hydroelectric generating set model can be directly used for compensating the fluctuation of target power output by new energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power and the like, and the existing limiting factors still need to be considered carefully in engineering practice. In the embodiment of the present invention, the following assumptions are made:
1) Neglecting the limitations of the vibration zone of conventional hydroelectric generating sets
The actual hydroelectric generating set has one or more vibration regions in the operation process, and when the hydroelectric generating set operates in the vibration regions, the vibration, the swing degree and the water pressure pulsation amplitude of different parts are large, so that the safe and stable operation of the hydroelectric generating set is seriously influenced. Therefore, the hydroelectric generating set in engineering practice divides the vibration region according to a certain standard and different water heads and set output, and sets a Control strategy of an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system to avoid the vibration region, so as to prevent the hydroelectric generating set from operating in the vibration region for a long time in the process of carrying load. Although the vibration region has a certain influence on the adjustment capability of the hydroelectric generating sets, the influence of the vibration region of a single hydroelectric generating set can be reduced and the adjustment capability of a hydroelectric plant or a group of hydroelectric generating sets can be improved by utilizing the complementarity of the vibration regions of different hydroelectric generating sets and the starting and stopping combination of the hydroelectric generating sets. Considering that the vibration region has a significant influence on the combination of a plurality of hydroelectric generating sets or hydroelectric power plant groups, the influence of the factor is not considered in the embodiment of the invention.
2) Neglecting the influence of DC transmission line in the transmitting end power grid
Theoretically, the safe and stable operability of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line and the fluctuation of the active power of the direct current transmission line along with the target power output by the wind power/light energy model should be considered, but the influence of the direct current transmission line is not considered in the embodiment of the invention, the output curve of the wind power/photovoltaic energy of the power grid at the sending end and the hydroelectric generating set at the receiving end are directly used on the side of the hydroelectric generating set to perform combined operation, the maximum regulating capacity of the hydroelectric generating set at the receiving end is analyzed, and the fluctuation degree of the target power output by the power grid at the sending end, which can be allowed by the hydroelectric generating set at the receiving end, is given.
3) Neglecting power fluctuation/oscillation problem in hydroelectric generating set load regulation process
Theoretically, the hydroelectric generating set can be adjusted quickly, and power fluctuation and intermittence of new energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic energy and the like can be compensated. But the following two different cases may occur.
The first condition is as follows: the load adjustment of the hydroelectric generating set lags behind the power fluctuation of the wind power/photovoltaic new energy and the fluctuation of the fluctuating new energy power is not compensated timely in the initial/final stage of the load compensation because the adjustment speed of the hydroelectric generating set in the starting/final stage of the load adjustment is low, and the power fluctuation of a transmitting-receiving end power grid can be aggravated if the difference between the power fluctuation of the hydroelectric generating set and the power fluctuation time of the wind power/photovoltaic new energy is large under extreme conditions. If this phenomenon occurs periodically, the entire power system may be triggered to alarm for power oscillations at low frequency.
Case two: due to the severe change of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic energy and the like, the load regulation speed of the hydroelectric generating set is difficult to adapt to the rapid change of the power of the new energy, namely the power fluctuation of the hydroelectric generating set lags relative to the severe change of the power of the new energy; although the hydroelectric generating set is adjusted in a full power mode, the fluctuation of new energy and the fluctuation of the power adjustment of the hydroelectric generating set are mutually superposed, and the power fluctuation of a power grid at a transmitting end and a receiving end is further aggravated.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention only relates to the tracking performance of the hydroelectric generating set on new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, and the influence of the performance of the load of the hydroelectric generating set on the simulation result is ignored.
4) Neglecting the problems of primary frequency modulation and AGC repeated pulling of the hydroelectric generating set
In engineering practice, different hydropower plants adopt different coordination strategies between primary frequency modulation and AGC system frequency modulation, or primary frequency modulation is preferred, or primary frequency modulation action shields AGC system frequency modulation, or AGC system frequency modulation action shields primary frequency modulation, or primary frequency modulation and AGC system frequency modulation target superposition. In engineering practice, the phenomenon of power fluctuation can be caused by the mutual switching between the primary frequency modulation and the AGC system frequency modulation, so that the influence of different coordination strategies on the power fluctuation of a power grid at a transmitting end and a receiving end is not considered in the embodiment of the invention, and only one coordination strategy is selected. As a preferable scheme, the frequency adjustment of the hydroelectric generating set model is realized by superposing the primary frequency modulation and the frequency modulation target of the automatic generation control AGC system frequency modulation by the water turbine adjusting system model in the embodiment of the invention.
5) Neglecting power fluctuation problem caused by water pressure pulsation, vibration area, water hammer and other factors
In engineering practice, when the speed regulator is operated in an opening degree adjusting mode in a grid-connected mode, due to the influence of factors such as water pressure pulsation, a vibration area and a water hammer, the hydroelectric generating set has the phenomenon of power fluctuation in the process of load adjustment, and the whole power system is triggered to alarm under severe conditions. In the embodiment of the invention, the power fluctuation in the load increasing/reducing process in the opening degree adjusting mode is not considered, and the speed regulator model is operated in the power mode in a grid-connected mode.
6) Neglecting the influence of different water heads of the hydroelectric generating set on the load adjusting speed and the load adjusting depth
In engineering practice, the maximum power of the hydro-electric machine set is influenced by a water head, the maximum output of the hydro-electric machine set is different under different water heads, the guide vane servomotor strokes corresponding to the maximum output are different, and the guide vane servomotor strokes in the corresponding load adjusting process are different, namely the water heads have influence on the speed of a governor model. However, this is not the focus of the research in the embodiments of the present invention, and therefore, the influence of the water head on the adjustment capability of the hydroelectric generating set is not considered in the embodiments of the present invention.
7) Neglecting structural fatigue and damage caused by frequent adjustment of the hydroelectric generating set for absorbing new energy
The metal structure of the hydroelectric generating set has a certain service life, dynamic stress borne by the metal structure of the hydroelectric generating set in the dynamic adjusting process is different between frequent quick adjustment and frequent slow adjustment, the abrasion speed of key metal parts of the hydroelectric generating set is different, and theoretically, the bearing capacity of the hydroelectric generating set should be considered from the aspects of structure and material performance in combined operation of water, electricity and wind power, but the bearing capacity is not the focus of research in the embodiment of the invention, so the influence of the factors on the adjusting capacity of the hydroelectric generating set is not considered in the embodiment of the invention.
On the basis of the assumption, the hydroelectric generating set model in the embodiment of the invention comprises a water turbine model, a water diversion system model, a water turbine generator model and a water turbine adjusting system model, wherein the water turbine adjusting system model comprises a speed regulator model and a mechanical hydraulic servo system model. And simulating a hydroelectric generating set model through the concrete model so as to realize simulation of joint regulation of wind/light energy of a power grid at a transmitting and receiving end and the hydroelectric generating set.
According to the wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system of the transmitting-receiving end power grid, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the wide-area combined simulation of the wind/light-hydroelectric generating set is developed according to the actual wind power output curve of the wind/light energy model of the transmitting-end power grid. Under the background of difficult large-scale new energy consumption, the combined regulation simulation system for the wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of the power grid at the transmitting and receiving end provided by the embodiment of the invention provides a new way for research on cross-region wind power consumption of the ultra-high voltage direct current receiving hydroelectric generating set, and has a re-engineering application value for realizing cross-region wind power consumption and improving the whole-network new energy consumption level.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the operation mode of the combined operation of the wind/light energy model and the hydroelectric generating set model in the embodiment of the present invention includes: the target power is constant during combined operation, the target power fluctuates according to a preset curve during combined operation, and the fluctuation curve of the target power is the same as the load curve change trend of the receiving-end power grid during combined operation.
Specifically, although the simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts an operation mode of combined operation of a wind/light energy model and a hydroelectric generating set model, the operation modes of combined operation are various, and the purpose of combined operation adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is to analyze the maximum regulation capability of a receiving-end grid hydroelectric generating set, so as to provide the fluctuation degree of the target power output by a transmitting-end grid, which can be allowed by the receiving-end grid hydroelectric generating set. Therefore, the simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention provides three operation modes, mainly considering the change of the target power output by the power grid at the sending end, that is, 1) an operation mode with a constant target power during combined operation, where the operation mode mainly needs to ensure that the output target power is constant during the operation of the simulation system; 2) The target power fluctuates according to a preset curve during the combined operation, and the operation mode needs to ensure that the output target power fluctuates according to the preset curve during the operation of the simulation system, wherein the preset curve is a preset change curve of the target power, and the trend and the shape of the preset curve can be set according to the requirement; 3) The change trend of the fluctuation curve of the target power is the same as that of the load curve of the receiving-end power grid during combined operation, and the operation mode needs to ensure that the fluctuation curve of the output target power is consistent with that of the load curve of the receiving-end power grid during operation of the simulation system, namely, the output target power is all used for providing energy for the load, and no extra loss is generated.
The simulation system provided by the embodiment of the invention provides three operation modes for the combined operation between the wind/light energy model and the hydroelectric generating set model, so that a worker can select different operation modes to operate when adopting the simulation system, and the fluctuation of the target power output by the hydroelectric generating set compensation transmitting end power grid of the receiving end power grid in different operation modes is verified.
On the basis of the embodiment, the speed regulator model in the embodiment of the invention is specifically an entity speed regulator electric cabinet, and a mechanical hydraulic servo system model is constructed by simulation of a programmable logic controller.
Specifically, the speed regulator model adopted in the simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using an electronic cabinet of a physical speed regulator, and is used for collecting various switching values, analog values and frequency signals, completing the synthesis of regulation rules and the output of control signals according to the collected data, and driving various mechanical hydraulic servo system models such as a proportional valve, a servo motor (or a stepping motor), a high-speed switch valve and the like to work after amplifying the output control signals.
In the embodiment of the invention, the mechanical hydraulic servo system model can simulate the dynamic process of the mechanical hydraulic servo system in the forms of cartridge valves, main pressure distribution valves, stepping motors and the like by adopting a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) through solving a differential equation according to parameters actually provided by field prototype equipment, and obtain the displacement of a guide vane servomotor/a spray needle servomotor and a wheel vane servomotor/a deflector servomotor. Meanwhile, the mechanical hydraulic servo system model drives the guide vane servomotor electric cylinder and the wheel blade servomotor electric cylinder to reproduce the motion process of the guide vane servomotor/the wheel blade servomotor in real time.
The water turbine regulating system model in the embodiment of the invention further comprises: the method comprises the steps that an oil pressure device simulation cabinet is built, according to parameters actually provided by field prototype equipment, a differential equation is solved, the dynamic process of a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system in the forms of a cartridge valve, a main distributing valve, a stepping motor and the like is simulated by a PLC, and signals such as pressure, liquid level and the like borne by the oil pressure device simulation cabinet are obtained.
The study object in the embodiment of the invention is a mixed-flow water-turbine generator set, and a transfer function of a mechanical hydraulic servo system model and an oil pressure device simulation cabinet considering a nonlinear link is shown in a figure 2. In FIG. 2, y gc (y rc ) Expressing the opening command of the servomotor of the guide vane of the water turbine, K e Representing the amplification factor, T, of the amplification/drive element vn Denotes the differential time constant of the amplification/drive element, s denotes the complex variable in the Laplace transform, T y Representing the response time constant, T, of the hydraulic turbine guide vane servomotor m Representing the inertia time constant y of the servomotor of the guide vane of the water turbine g (y r ) Signal representing the stroke of servomotor of water turbine guide vane, y max Represents the maximum stroke y of the hydraulic turbine guide vane servomotor min Shows the minimum stroke v of the servomotor of the guide vane of the water turbine max Indicates the maximum opening speed v of the servomotor of the guide vane of the water turbine min Indicating maximum closing speed, w, of water turbine guide vane servomotor h1 Representing the natural cut-off frequency of the mechanical hydraulic system; t represents the lag time existing between the output response and the input signal of the mechanical hydraulic servo system servomotor in terms of time. The dead zone link represents the insensitive control phenomenon generated by factors such as mechanical transmission dead stroke, overlapping amount of a main pressure distribution valve (servomotor control valve) and the like; and the amplitude limiting link is used for describing the phenomena of rate limitation, saturation nonlinearity and the like of the follow-up system.
On the basis of the embodiment, the water turbine model, the water diversion system model and the water turbine generator model are all constructed by an embedded system based on ARM-DSP.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, an ARM-DSP-based embedded system is adopted to respectively construct a water turbine model, a water diversion system model and a water turbine generator model.
Firstly, for a water turbine model, because the internal flow of an actual water turbine is very complex, it is still difficult to accurately express the model by using geometric parameters at present, and a model test method is adopted in the embodiment of the invention to obtain a quantitative representation of the water turbine characteristic. Because the characteristics of the water turbine have serious nonlinearity, the comprehensive characteristic curve is expressed in the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive characteristic curve obtained by correcting the actual measurement data of the field prototype water turbine is selected in the embodiment of the invention, and the model of the comprehensive characteristic curve is as follows:
Q 1 '＝f(a,n 1 ') (1)
M 1 '＝g(a,n 1 ') (2)
wherein Q is 1 ' means a flow rate per unit of flow rate,
M 1 '＝k·Q 1 '·η÷n 1 ', a denotes the opening of the turbine, n 1 ' means unit rotational speed, M 1 ' means unit moment, Q means turbine flow, D 1 The diameter of a turbine runner is expressed, H represents the operating head of the turbine, the energy difference of water flow per unit weight at the cross section of the inlet and the outlet of the turbine is expressed in m, eta represents the efficiency of the turbine, and k represents a constant generated by unit conversion.
It can be seen from the formula (1) and the formula (2) that the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine model includes a unit flow comprehensive characteristic curve and a unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve. The unit flow comprehensive characteristic curve represents the relation between the unit flow of the water turbine model and the opening degree and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine, namely a formula (1); the unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve represents the relation between the unit moment of the water turbine model and the opening degree and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine, namely the formula (2).
The integrated characteristic curve of the unit flow rate can be represented by fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, a plane can be determined by plotting the relationship among the unit flow rate of the water turbine model, the opening degree of the water turbine and the unit rotation speed of the water turbine. In actual simulation, the plane can be used as a known condition of the water turbine model, and a point is randomly selected on the plane, so that the unit flow rate, the water turbine opening and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine model at the corresponding point can be determined. Similarly, the unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve can be represented by fig. 4, and as can be seen from fig. 4, a plane can be determined by plotting the relationship among the unit moment of the water turbine model, the opening degree of the water turbine, and the unit rotation speed of the water turbine. In actual simulation, the plane can be used as a known condition of the water turbine model, and a point is randomly selected on the plane, so that the unit moment, the water turbine opening and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine model at the corresponding point can be determined.
From the unit flow rate determined by equation (1) and the unit torque determined by equation (2), it is possible to obtain:
wherein Q represents the flow rate of the turbine, M t Representing the turbine moment.
Secondly, for a water turbine diversion system model, a rigid water attack model is adopted in the embodiment of the invention, namely:
wherein, G h (s) represents the flow at the turbine inlet, H(s) represents the Laplace transform of the turbine operating head, and Q(s) represents the Laplace transform of the turbine flow，h w Is the water turbine pipeline constant, T r Is a water attack of constructive nature, T w Representing the water flow inertia time constant, s is a complex variable in the laplace transform.
Finally, for the hydro-generator model, the electromagnetic characteristics and the magnetic saturation effect of the damping winding of the hydro-generator are ignored in the embodiment of the invention, and the hydro-generator is connected to an infinite power grid system, because the frequency and the voltage of the hydro-generator are basically rated values after being incorporated into the infinite power grid, the change is difficult to occur unless a large power grid collapses or a large problem occurs. The water turbine generator model in the embodiment of the invention can be equivalent to a three-order nonlinear model shown in a formula (6).
Wherein, delta is the power angle of the hydraulic generator, omega is the electrical angular velocity of the hydraulic generator, e q ' is a potential proportional to the excitation electromotive force, E FD Is the excitation electromotive force, T, of the hydro-generator m For moment of water turbine, T e The electromagnetic torque is represented by J, D and x respectively representing the inertia time constant, damping constant and damping constant of the unit d Representing d-axis synchronous reactance, x, of the hydro-generator d ' represents d-axis transient reactance of hydro-generator, T do ' represents an open time constant of d-axis of the hydro-generator, i d Indicating the excitation current of the hydro-generator.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the turbine regulation system model further includes: a Local Control Unit (LCU) control cabinet;
the LCU control cabinet is used for controlling the speed regulator model so that the speed regulator model can simulate different working states of the hydroelectric generating set model.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic turbine regulation system model is constructed as a hydraulic turbine regulation system physical-digital hybrid simulation platform, which mainly includes: the system comprises a test operation platform, a Local Control Unit (LCU) Control cabinet, an entity speed regulator electric cabinet, a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model, an oil pressure device simulation cabinet, an oil pressure device Control cabinet, a controlled system (namely a hydroelectric generating set) simulation cabinet and an electric cylinder (for simulating a guide vane/wheel blade servomotor of a water turbine).
The test operation platform is mainly used for remote test operation and real-time information monitoring, and can realize remote start/stop, grid connection/off-grid, pulse mode load increase/decrease, primary frequency modulation switching on/off, emergency stop/accident stop, AGC digital closed-loop power regulation, AGC analog closed-loop power regulation and other operations through information interaction of the communication interface and the LCU control cabinet.
The LCU control cabinet receives an operation signal from the test operation table, outputs or issues a switching value, an analog quantity and a communication traffic signal required by the electric cabinet of the entity speed regulator, and simulates the functions of remote on/off, grid connection/off, pulse mode load increase/decrease, primary frequency modulation on/off, emergency off/accident off, AGC digital closed-loop power regulation and AGC analog closed-loop power regulation through linkage of the LCU control cabinet and the electric cabinet of the entity speed regulator. Wherein different working states of the hydroelectric generating set model are start/stop, grid connection/grid disconnection, pulse mode load increase/decrease, primary frequency modulation input/disconnection, emergency stop/accident stop, AGC digital closed loop power regulation and AGC analog closed loop power regulation. The LCU control cabinet also collects real-time state information of the water turbine adjusting system and uploads the information to a touch screen display of the test operating platform. The LCU control cabinet also obtains the active power output by a wind/light energy model (namely a new energy source unit simulation unit), a hydropower-wind power combined regulation target power curve, and has the functions of selecting AGC digital closed-loop power regulation, AGC simulation closed-loop power regulation and the like according to user input.
The solid speed regulator electric cabinet is a production field prototype device and is used for collecting various switching values, analog quantities and frequency signals, finishing the synthesis of regulation rules and the output of control signals according to the data and state quantities, amplifying the output control signals, driving mechanical hydraulic servo system models in various forms of a proportional valve, a servo motor (or a stepping motor) and a high-speed switch valve, and uploading characteristic signals of some control processes to an LCU control cabinet; and the information of various states is transmitted to the LCU control cabinet by communicating with the LCU control cabinet through an MB bus (namely a Modbus bus). Meanwhile, the electric cabinet of the entity speed regulator can also receive a power target value and a power regulation command from the LCU control cabinet, so as to realize the power closed-loop regulation of the speed regulator, namely the so-called digital closed-loop power regulation; the entity speed regulator electric cabinet can also carry out disturbance tests of different functions such as frequency disturbance, opening given disturbance, power given disturbance and the like according to user requirements.
The oil pressure device control cabinet is used for collecting various switching values and analog quantities, and completing oil pump starting and stopping and air supplementing control according to the collected data and state information; and outputting a specific switching value to realize the control of components such as an oil pump, an air supplement device and the like, and uploading some characteristic signals of the control process to an LCU control cabinet.
Wherein, the analog cabinet of the controlled system (i.e. hydroelectric generating set) can provide various hydraulic turbine models, for example: the method comprises the following steps of refining a water turbine model, the water turbine model recommended by IEEE, the water turbine model recommended by DL/T1120 technical conditions for automatic test and real-time simulation devices of a water turbine regulating system, a reference model given by technical guide rules for modeling and parameter actual measurement of the water turbine regulating system, a model comprehensive characteristic model, a comprehensive characteristic model considering actual measurement data correction of a field prototype water turbine and the like, and selecting a model with high precision matched with the dynamic response of the field prototype water turbine through a simulation test to complete closed-loop simulation.
On the basis of the above embodiments, a specific simulation case is provided in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to explain the simulation effect of the simulation system provided in the embodiments of the present invention. When the simulation is carried out, an entity speed regulator electric cabinet is set to operate in a power regulation mode, comprehensive characteristic curves used by a water turbine model and a water diversion system model are shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a comprehensive tester of the entity speed regulator electric cabinet is used for recording waves, a power curve of a hydroelectric generating set model adopted in the simulation is shown in fig. 5, a guide vane control signal of the hydroelectric generating set model adopted in the simulation is shown in fig. 6, a wind power curve of a transmitting end power grid adopted in the simulation is shown in fig. 7, a target power curve of combined operation is shown in fig. 8, a wind power curve of the transmitting end power grid before maximum power amplitude limitation of the hydroelectric generating set is considered is shown in fig. 9, and a wind power curve of the transmitting end power grid after maximum power amplitude limitation of the hydroelectric generating set is considered is shown in fig. 10. It can be known from the comparison between fig. 9 and fig. 10 that the wind power curve of the transmission-end power grid tends to be stable after the combined operation, which indicates that the simulation effect realized by the simulation system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is objective and accurate.
The embodiment of the invention provides a simulation system for combined regulation of wind/light-water units in a large-scale wind power access down-sending receiving-end power grid, and provides reference for implementing combined regulation of cross-regional wind/light-water units in engineering practice.
As shown in fig. 11, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a simulation method implemented by the combined regulation simulation system for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of the power grid at the transmitting and receiving ends, where the simulation method includes:
s1, simulating different working states of a hydroelectric generating set in a receiving end power grid by controlling wind/light energy of the receiving end power grid and the hydroelectric generating set to jointly adjust parameters of a hydroelectric generating set model in a simulation system;
s2, determining the capability of the hydroelectric generating set to compensate the fluctuation of the target power of wind/light energy output in the power transmission network under different working states.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the whole simulation system is taken as an execution subject, and the processing flows of the steps in the simulation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention correspond to the functions of the models in the system type embodiment one to one, which is not described again in the embodiment of the present invention.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a combined regulation simulation device for wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of a power grid at a transmitting/receiving end, including:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, which when called by the processor, are capable of performing the method of fig. 11.
On the basis of the above embodiments, there is also provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in an embodiment of the present invention, which stores computer instructions that cause the computer to execute the method shown in fig. 11.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system of a transmitting and receiving end power grid is characterized by comprising: the method comprises the steps that a wind/light energy model of a sending-end power grid and a hydroelectric generating set model of a receiving-end power grid are electrically connected, the wind/light energy model and the hydroelectric generating set model run in a combined mode, and fluctuation of target power output by the wind/light energy model is compensated through the hydroelectric generating set model;
the hydroelectric generating set model comprises a water turbine model, a diversion system model, a water turbine generator model and a water turbine adjusting system model, wherein the water turbine model is used for simulating a water turbine in the hydroelectric generating set, the diversion system model is used for simulating a diversion system in the hydroelectric generating set, the water turbine generator model is used for simulating a water turbine generator in the hydroelectric generating set, and the water turbine adjusting system model is used for simulating a water turbine adjusting system in the hydroelectric generating set;
the hydraulic turbine regulating system model comprises a speed regulator model and a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model, wherein the speed regulator model is used for simulating a speed regulator in the hydraulic turbine regulating system, and the mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model is used for simulating a mechanical hydraulic follow-up system in the hydraulic turbine regulating system.
2. The transmission and reception end grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the wind/light energy model and the hydroelectric generating set model operate in a combined manner in a manner that: the target power is constant during combined operation, the target power fluctuates according to a preset curve during combined operation, and the fluctuation curve of the target power is the same as the load curve change trend of the receiving end power grid during combined operation.
3. The combined regulation simulation system of the transmitting-receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, wherein the speed regulator model is specifically an entity speed regulator electric cabinet, and the mechanical hydraulic follow-up system model is constructed by simulation of a programmable logic controller.
4. The wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system of a transmitting and receiving end power grid according to claim 1, wherein the water turbine model, the diversion system model and the water turbine generator model are all constructed by an embedded system based on ARM-DSP.
5. The transmission and reception end grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation system according to claim 1, wherein the turbine regulation system model realizes frequency regulation of the hydroelectric generating set model by frequency modulation target superposition of primary frequency modulation and Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system frequency modulation.
6. The combined regulation and simulation system of the transmitting and receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine model comprises a unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve and a unit flow comprehensive characteristic curve;
the unit moment comprehensive characteristic curve represents the relation between the unit moment of the water turbine model and the opening degree and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine, and the unit flow comprehensive characteristic curve represents the relation between the unit flow of the water turbine model and the opening degree and the unit rotating speed of the water turbine.
7. The combined regulation and simulation system of the grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set at the transmitting and receiving ends according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the water turbine regulation system model further comprises: a Local Control Unit (LCU) control cabinet;
the LCU control cabinet is used for controlling the speed regulator model so that the speed regulator model can simulate different working states of the hydroelectric generating set model.
8. A simulation method implemented by the combined regulation simulation system of the wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set of the power transmission and receiving end grid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
simulating different working states of the hydroelectric generating set in the receiving end power grid by controlling the wind/light energy of the transmitting and receiving end power grid and the hydroelectric generating set to jointly adjust parameters of a hydroelectric generating set model in the simulation system;
and determining the capacity of the hydroelectric generating set for compensating the fluctuation of the target power of wind/light energy output in the power grid at the transmission end under different working states.
9. A transmitting and receiving end power grid wind/light energy and hydroelectric generating set combined regulation simulation device is characterized by comprising:
at least one processor; and
at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions to perform the method of claim 8.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that cause a computer to perform the method of claim 8.
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