CN109293432A - A kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method - Google Patents

A kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109293432A
CN109293432A CN201811287777.5A CN201811287777A CN109293432A CN 109293432 A CN109293432 A CN 109293432A CN 201811287777 A CN201811287777 A CN 201811287777A CN 109293432 A CN109293432 A CN 109293432A
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China
Prior art keywords
capsicum
seedling
special fertilizer
parts
fertilizer
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CN201811287777.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈新平
王孝忠
刘彬
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Southwest University
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Southwest University
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Priority to CN201811287777.5A priority Critical patent/CN109293432A/en
Publication of CN109293432A publication Critical patent/CN109293432A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizers, including following raw material: 21~68 parts of control release urea, 21~52 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11~27 parts of potassium sulfate.The present invention also provides a kind of application methods of special fertilizer for seedling culture.The special fertilizer is primarily adapted for use in capsicum substrate seedling, and wherein the fertilizer efficiency period of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer is long, and nutrient formula is reasonable, can significantly improve pepper seedling raising quality in conjunction with its application method.The transplanting of pepper seedling band fertilizer may be implemented using capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer of the invention and application method, in the nutrient demand for meeting capsicum early period, bloom ahead of time, result while, the investment of base manure nutrient can be substantially reduced, the loss of nutrient is reduced, there is obviously economy and environmental benefit.

Description

A kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fertilizer fields of crops, and in particular to a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method.
Background technique
Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) is the second largest vegetable crop in China, and major production areas is in Yunnan, Guizhou, four The provinces such as river, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Liaoning, the output value and benefit rank first in vegetable crop.China's pepper planting at present Based in a manner of culturing and transplanting seedlings, and substrate seedling can not only reduce the generation of pest and disease damage compared with earth culture nursery, and raising is educated Seedling quality, and its is easy to clean, is suitable for mechanization, scale breeding.Fertilizer addition is improper during capsicum substrate seedling It easily causes to burn kind, burn seedlings, and adds fertilizer deficiency in seedling medium, the pepper seedling later period is easy to appear de- fertilizer again, so such as What had not only guaranteed that fertilizer will not cause to poison to pepper seed, seedling or root system, but also met the nutrient demand cultivation of seedling stage of red pepper seedling stage Strong sprout is the emphasis of current capsicum substrate seedling.
Patent CN 105418262A discloses a kind of tomato seedling fertilizer, full dissolubility is mainly characterized by, mainly as seedling Phase top dressing application, is suitable for large-scale industrialized nursery, but the cost is relatively high, and application is relatively complicated, and there are certain limitations Property.Its low Nutrient Release Characteristics of release and release control fertilizer solubility can be well matched with crop nutrition content absorption, at the same will not to seed and Seedling generates harm;Reasonable nutrient formula " alters seedling " caused by can preventing because of nutrient imbalance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of nutrients persistently to supply, the reasonable capsicum substrate seedling of nutrient formula Special fertilizer, it is therefore an objective to improve the nutrient supply of chilli seedling, improve Quality of Seedlings, while the nutrient reduced in capsicum production is thrown Enter, improves yield of hot pepper.
Meanwhile the present invention also provides a kind of application methods of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, the special fertilizer include following raw material: 21~68 parts of control release urea, phosphorus 21~52 parts of acid dihydride potassium, 11~27 parts of potassium sulfate.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, which includes following raw material: 21~34 parts of control release urea, 32~43 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17~23 parts of potassium sulfate.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, which includes following raw material: 34 parts of control release urea, phosphorus Acid dihydride K43 part, 23 parts of potassium sulfate.
As an improvement of the present invention, the control release urea is coated carbamide, and the nitrogen content in coated carbamide is 42%, acquisition time is 60~90 days.
As another improvement project of the invention, the fertile core of the control release urea is common granular urea, coating material Material is polyurethanes.
A kind of application method of above-mentioned capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, it is as follows that the method comprising the steps of:
(1) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) peat, vermiculite and the perlite after sieving are mixed by 2:1:1 volume ratio, obtained seedling medium, every cubic metre 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in seedling medium, while capsicum is added 2.9~7.1kg of special fertilizer for seedling culture is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, is then covered The vermiculite of 0.5cm moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, it is strong to spray the cultivation of alginic acid foliar fertilizer Seedling.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that
1, capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer of the invention contains Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, and the slow release of nitrogenous fertilizer may be implemented, and According to the law of nutritive absorption of pepper seedling, improve nutrient formula, reaches the mesh that nitrogen emergency is mutually helped, phosphorus potassium balance is supplied 's.
2, the fertilizer efficiency of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer of the invention is long, and the nutrient that not only can satisfy seedling stage of red pepper seedling stage needs It asks, and band fertilizer transplanting may be implemented, promote slow seedling after capsicum transplanting, bloom ahead of time, as a result, capsicum fertility can be reduced simultaneously The nitrogen fertilizer amount of early period improves nitrogen utilization efficiency.Capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer of the invention is time saving, saving of labor, it is safe and environment-friendly, It is at low cost, practical application value with higher.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail With reference to embodiment.
Raw material main character used in the present invention is as follows:
Control release urea particle (N content >=42%, acquisition time are 60~90 days, initial stage nutrient release rate≤12%);
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate white particle (technical grade, content >=99%, 0-52-34);
Potassium sulfate white particle (technical grade, content >=99%, 0-0-51);
Peat in following embodiment is made up of sphagbum peat of mechanical mining, and company of Pin Shi Top of Denmark is raw It produces.
Embodiment 1
The parts by weight of raw material composition: 21 parts of control release urea, 52 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 27 parts of potassium sulfate.
The application method of above-mentioned capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, the application method the following steps are included:
(1) quality of control release urea 2.1kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5.2kg, potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight 2.7kg;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) by after sieving peat, vermiculite, perlite by 2:1:1 volume ratio mix, be made seedling medium, every cubic metre 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in seedling medium, while capsicum is added Special fertilizer for seedling culture 2.9kg is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, is then covered The vermiculite of 0.5cm moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, it is strong to spray the cultivation of alginic acid foliar fertilizer Seedling.
Embodiment 2
The parts by weight of raw material composition: 34 parts of control release urea, biphosphate K43 part, 23 parts of potassium sulfate.
The application method of above-mentioned capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, the application method the following steps are included:
(1) quality of control release urea 3.4kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.3kg, potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight 2.3kg;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) by after sieving peat, vermiculite, perlite by 2:1:1 volume ratio mix, be made seedling medium, every cubic metre 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in seedling medium, while capsicum is added Special fertilizer for seedling culture 3.5kg is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, is then covered The vermiculite of 0.5cm moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, it is strong to spray the cultivation of alginic acid foliar fertilizer Seedling.
Embodiment 3
The parts by weight of raw material composition: 51 parts of control release urea, 32 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate.
The application method of above-mentioned capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, the application method the following steps are included:
(1) quality of control release urea 5.1kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.2kg, potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight 1.7kg;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) by after sieving peat, vermiculite, perlite by 2:1:1 volume ratio mix, be made seedling medium, every cubic metre 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in seedling medium, while capsicum is added Special fertilizer for seedling culture 4.7kg is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, is then covered The vermiculite of 0.5cm moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, it is strong to spray the cultivation of alginic acid foliar fertilizer Seedling.
Embodiment 4
The parts by weight of raw material composition: 68 parts of control release urea, 21 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11 parts of potassium sulfate.
The application method of above-mentioned capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, the application method the following steps are included:
(1) quality of control release urea 6.8kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.1kg, potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight 1.1kg;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) by after sieving peat, vermiculite, perlite by 2:1:1 volume ratio mix, be made seedling medium, every cubic metre 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in seedling medium, while capsicum is added Special fertilizer for seedling culture 7.1kg is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, is then covered The vermiculite of 0.5cm moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, it is strong to spray the cultivation of the foliar fertilizers such as alginic acid Seedling.
Indoor raising of seedling test, the effect of more different capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizers.Experimental design 4 processing: (1) do not add Add fertilizer, compares CK;(2) capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer described in embodiment 1 is added;(3) capsicum described in embodiment 2 is added Substrate seedling special fertilizer;(4) capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer in embodiment 3 is added.Test 3 repetitions of setting, completely random row Column, other factors control are identical.
It is as follows to test main result:
The ground of Hot Pepper Seedling, underground part dry weight, gross dry weight, seedling vigorous index, SPAD index are significant excellent in embodiment 1,2,3 In control treatment, and the index handled in embodiment with embodiment 2 is best.
Embodiment 5
Field nursery production effect comparative test, experimental design 2 processing, (1) conventional seedbed system, (2) use 2 institute of embodiment State capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method nursery, nursery stage 31 days.
Main result is as follows:
The result shows that the pepper seedling plant height cultivated using capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer of the invention and application method, Stem thickness, SPAD, overground part dry weight, underground part dry weight, gross dry weight and seedling vigorous index are all significantly higher than conventional seedbed system processing, so this Invention can significantly improve Quality of Seedlings, application value with higher.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this In the scope of the claims of invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, which is characterized in that the special fertilizer includes following raw material: control release urea 21 ~68 parts, 21~52 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11~27 parts of potassium sulfate.
2. a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the special fertilizer includes following weight Amount part raw material: 21~34 parts of control release urea, 32~43 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 17~23 parts of potassium sulfate.
3. a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the special fertilizer includes following weight Amount part raw material: 34 parts of control release urea, biphosphate K43 part, 23 parts of potassium sulfate.
4. existing according to claim 1 to a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer, feature described in any one of 3 claims In the control release urea is coated carbamide, and the nitrogen content in coated carbamide is 42%, and acquisition time is 60~90 days.
5. a kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the fertile core of the control release urea For common granular urea, coated fertilizer is polyurethanes.
6. the application method of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer described in a kind of any one of claims 1 to 5 claim, special Sign is that it is as follows that the method comprising the steps of:
(1) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are weighed according to corresponding parts by weight;
(2) control release urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pepper seedling raising special fertilizer is made;
(3) peat, vermiculite and the perlite after sieving are mixed by 2:1:1 volume ratio, seedling medium, every cubic metre of nursery is made 50% thiram wettable powder or 50% 300~400g of carbendazol wettable powder is added in matrix, while pepper seedling raising is added 2.9~7.1kg of special fertilizer is uniformly mixed so as to obtain the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum;
(4) the dedicated seedling medium of the capsicum mixed is fitted into 72 hole hole trays, and 1 pepper seed is broadcast in every hole, then covers 0.5cm's Vermiculite moves into seedbed, is watered with water, covers unregistered land film;
(5) keep nursery bed temperature daytime be not higher than 30 DEG C, night be not less than 18 DEG C, about 1 week after emerge, throw off mulch;
(6) it keeps the dedicated seedling medium of capsicum wet, pours a water within every 5~7 days, spray alginic acid foliar fertilizer nurturing staff.
CN201811287777.5A 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 A kind of capsicum substrate seedling special fertilizer and application method Pending CN109293432A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112056176A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-11 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 Seedling culture substrate for promoting phosphorus absorption of capsicum and preparation method thereof
CN113475190A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-10-08 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 Cultivation method of pepper seedlings

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112056176A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-11 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 Seedling culture substrate for promoting phosphorus absorption of capsicum and preparation method thereof
CN113475190A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-10-08 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 Cultivation method of pepper seedlings

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Application publication date: 20190201