CN109289459B - Process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas - Google Patents

Process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas Download PDF

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CN109289459B
CN109289459B CN201811174882.8A CN201811174882A CN109289459B CN 109289459 B CN109289459 B CN 109289459B CN 201811174882 A CN201811174882 A CN 201811174882A CN 109289459 B CN109289459 B CN 109289459B
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ammonia
hydrogen sulfide
vocs
waste gas
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CN109289459A (en
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苏本生
秦翔
魏晓明
马欣欣
王倩
王雯
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/58—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract

The invention discloses a process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas, which comprises the following steps: the deamination module and the hydrogen sulfide removal module are connected in series; firstly, livestock and poultry breeding waste gas enters a deamination module, ammonia and VOCs are absorbed and nitrosated in an ammonia absorption device, the obtained liquid enters an ammonia removal device in a spraying mode, nitrogen conversion of ammonia is realized through anaerobic ammonia removal, and hydrolysis of organic matters in a liquid phase is realized through short-range denitrification; then enters a hydrogen sulfide absorption device of a hydrogen sulfide removal module, deamination liquid is sprayed, waste gas is directly introduced, and H is carried out2S, VOCs absorption and H in aerobic conditions2S is converted into elemental sulfur, the obtained liquid enters a hydrogen sulfide removing device, elemental S is removed under the anaerobic condition, and VOCs are removed at the same time. The invention realizes the harmless removal of nitrogen, sulfur and VOCs by using the combination of aerobic-anaerobic processes and the synergistic effect among different reaction modules.

Description

Process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and particularly relates to a process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas, which is suitable for denitrification, desulfurization and deodorization engineering of the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas.
Technical Field
With the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, the intensive and modernized process is accelerated continuously, and the pollution of large-scale farms to the environment also draws national attention. The malodorous gas generated in the process of breeding livestock and poultry not only causes air pollution, but also influences the growth of the bred animals, and serious people even influence the health and the life quality of surrounding residents. Therefore, how to safely and environmentally treat the livestock and poultry waste gas has great significance for improving the atmospheric environment and improving the life quality of residents around the farm.
The waste gas generated by livestock and poultry breeding is basically the result of utilizing the metabolism of nutrient substances such as carbohydrate, fat, protein, mineral substances, vitamins and the like in excrement, sewage and undigested feed by microorganisms. Microorganisms mainly decompose organic compounds under incomplete anaerobic conditions to produce malodorous gases. Therefore, the main components of the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas comprise ammonia, volatile amine, sulfur-containing compounds (hydrogen sulfide, sulfides and thiols), volatile fatty acid and aromatic compounds.
The treatment of the livestock and poultry waste gas is to treat the main components of ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and volatile fatty acid. The ammonia gas removal method includes physical method, chemical method, catalytic decomposition method, catalytic aerobic decomposition method and biological method
The physical method is the most common technology for ammonia gas treatment, namely soft water or dilute ammonia water is used as an absorbent to absorb ammonia in industrial tail gas, and the obtained low-concentration ammonia water is further distilled, rectified, pressurized and condensed to prepare liquid ammonia for utilization. The defects are mainly as follows: large amounts of water and energy are consumed; the low recovery rate of ammonia causes a large amount of loss of raw materials for producing synthetic ammonia and urea; producing a certain amount of NOxCausing secondary pollution.
Secondly, the chemical method mainly utilizes the alkalinity of ammonia to enable the ammonia to react with acidic substances so as to generate nitrogen fertilizer with low added value, and because the recovered solvent is generally high in volatility and strong in corrosivity, the method for purifying ammonia in industrial tail gas by chemical absorption is gradually eliminated in industrial application.
③ the catalytic decomposition method is to completely decompose the ammonia into N under the action of the catalyst2And H2However, the existing process has many problems, such as strict control of reaction temperature, loss of catalyst, sulfur poisoning of catalyst or blockage of catalyst by ammonium salt, etc., and in addition, ammonia catalytic decomposition has high energy consumption and high operation cost, and is not suitable for general use.
The catalytic aerobic decomposition method is to catalytically convert ammonia into N under the aerobic condition2And water, the decomposition reaction can be carried out at 300 DEG CAnd secondary pollution is not generated, but the method is used for treating ammonia gas with low concentration and is not suitable for treating ammonia gas with high concentration, otherwise, the temperature is increased, and the energy consumption is increased.
Fifthly, the biological treatment of ammonia is to pass ammonia-containing gas through a porous packed bed containing fixed microorganisms by a biological filtration method, so that pollutants in the gas flow are absorbed by a biological membrane to remove generated CO2，H2O，NO2 -And NO3 -. Compared with the traditional method, the biological filtration technology has considerable advantages in the aspect of treating low-concentration polluted gas, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment cost and running cost, safe operation, low energy consumption, no byproduct generation and capability of converting a plurality of inorganic matters and organic matters into harmless removal substances.
Common removal methods for hydrogen sulfide mainly include absorption, adsorption, dry removal and wet removal.
The absorption method includes physical absorption and chemical absorption. The physical absorption method usually adopts an organic solvent as an absorbent of the hydrogen sulfide, has simple flow and does not need additional steam and additional heat sources of other sources. The chemical absorption method is generally to dissolve hydrogen sulfide in water, and then to use a solution of strong alkali weak acid salt with buffering action such as phenolate, phosphate, borate, amino acid salt, etc. or some weak alkali absorption treatment.
Adsorption is to purify hydrogen sulfide gas by using the adsorption performance of some porous substances, and the method is usually used for treating gas with low hydrogen sulfide concentration. The adsorbent is generally required to have low resistance, no dust, high adsorption capacity and high interception degree, and the adsorption deodorization device is not suitable for frequent regeneration, so that the concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the inlet is required not to be too high, otherwise, the regeneration is frequent, and the waste is not economical.
Dry removal is a process for removing hydrogen sulfide gas to elemental sulfur or sulfur removal under normal conditions, typically by the claus process and selective removal. The Claus process uses hydrogen sulfide as a raw material, and removes a part of the exhaust gas in a Claus furnace to produce SO2With H in the intake air2S reacts to generate sulfur and is recovered. Claus process requiresThe temperature in the reactor must be less than 650 ℃ and the H of the exhaust gas2The initial concentration of S is more than or equal to 15-20%. The selective removal method is to remove H by using oxygen in air under the action of a catalyst2S is directly removed into sulfur, and the key of the method is to develop H pair with good selectivity2O and excess O2Insensitive, highly active catalysts are currently prepared with different mixtures of iron-based scavengers. The total recovery rate of the sulfur by the selective removal can reach 98 to 99 percent.
Wet method has larger processing capacity than dry method, larger operation flexibility and high desulfurization efficiency. The main principle is as follows:
H2S+Na2CO3—NaHS+NaHCO3
2NaHS+4NaVO3+H2O—Na2V4O9+4NaOH+2S
Na2V4O9+2NaOH+H2O+2ADA—4NaVO3+2HADA
O2+2HADA—2ADA+2H2O
the process has the problems that: harmful waste liquid is difficult to treat, and secondary pollution can be caused; the gas irritation is large; the by-products increase the drug consumption; the quality of the generated sulfur elementary substance is poor; the suspended particles are difficult to recover, and the filter is easy to block.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aerobic and anaerobic combined synchronous denitrification and desulfurization biological treatment device, which aims to remove harmful components in livestock and poultry waste gas and overcome the defects of the existing technology for treating ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas comprises the following steps: the deamination module and the hydrogen sulfide removal module are connected in series;
firstly, livestock and poultry breeding waste gas enters a deamination module, ammonia and VOCs are absorbed and nitrosated in an ammonia absorption device, the obtained liquid dissolved with ammonia and conversion nitrite nitrogen enters an ammonia removal device in a spraying mode, the nitrogen conversion of ammonia is realized through anaerobic ammonia removal, and the hydrolysis of the VOCs dissolved in the liquid phase is realized through short-range denitrification;
then, deamination liquid and waste gas obtained by the treatment of the deamination module enter a hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the deamination module, the deamination liquid is sprayed, and the waste gas is directly introduced to carry out H2S, VOCs absorption and H in aerobic conditions2S is converted into elemental sulfur, and H is dissolved in the S2S and NO3 -The liquid enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device and passes through NO under the anaerobic condition3 -The removal of the simple substance S is realized through the synergistic treatment, and the hydrolysis of VOCs in the liquid phase is realized.
Preferably, a spraying system and a biological filler are arranged in a gas distribution pipe of an ammonia absorption device of the deamination module, ammonia gas in waste gas is absorbed by using spraying liquid, and the conversion of ammonia into nitrite nitrogen is realized in the polyester filler inoculated with activated sludge by controlling the spraying amount, the gas retention time and the pH value.
Preferably, the ammonia removal device of the deamination module is internally provided with needle-shaped fillers, so that the synergistic effect of short-range denitrification and anaerobic ammonia removal is realized, a biological membrane formed by microorganisms is divided into three areas,
outermost layer of finished NH4 +Removal of (2), the main product being NO2 -Small amount of NO3 -；
Second outer layer, generation of NH under anoxic conditions4 +And NO2 -The reaction directly produces nitrogen; with part of NO2 -Carrying out short-cut nitration reaction with VOC in water and organic matters generated by hydrolytic acidification of organic particles;
the innermost layer, CO produced by anaerobic biological reaction of anoxic organic matter2And CO contained in the exhaust gas2Providing the carbon source required for anaerobic ammonia removal.
Preferably, a spraying system and a biological filler are arranged in the hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the hydrogen sulfide removal module, and the spraying liquid dissolves oxygen by itself to complete H by controlling the spraying amount of the liquid, the gas retention time and the pH value2S is aerobic in the first step in aqueous solutionReacting to form partial simple substance S, refluxing one part of the absorbed nutrient solution into a nutrient solution water tank to circularly absorb waste gas, and feeding the other part of the absorbed nutrient solution into a hydrogen sulfide removal device; microbial achievement in biofillers H2Complete absorption of S and H2S is converted to elemental sulfur in the biological filler.
Preferably, the hydrogen sulfide removing device of the hydrogen sulfide removing module utilizes residual H in the spray liquid2Small amount of NO produced in S and deamination modules3 -Under the anaerobic condition, the synchronous denitrification and desulfurization microbial reaction is carried out under the action of the thiobacillus denitrificans to react NO3 -Conversion to nitrogen, H2S is converted into elemental sulfur, and meanwhile, part of autotrophic microorganisms in the liquid phase remove the residual VOCs dissolved in the liquid phase by utilizing the heterotrophic metabolism.
Preferably, a polyester sponge filler is arranged in the hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the hydrogen sulfide removal module, and a needle-shaped filler is arranged in the hydrogen sulfide removal device.
Preferably, the concentration range of ammonia in the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas is 2-20ppm, the concentration range of hydrogen sulfide is 0.1-4ppm, and the concentration of VOCs is less than 1 ppm.
Preferably, the gas retention time in the ammonia gas absorption process is 5-20s, the pH value in the ammonia gas absorption process is controlled to be 7.5-9, and the spraying amount in the ammonia gas absorption process is 0.7-35L/min.
Preferably, the retention time of the hydrogen sulfide is 25s-30s, the pH value in the hydrogen sulfide absorption process is controlled to be 7-8, and the spraying amount in the hydrogen sulfide absorption process is 0.7-35L/min.
The invention can realize the harmless removal of nitrogen, sulfur and volatile organic compounds by utilizing the combination of aerobic-anaerobic processes and the synergistic action among different reaction modules.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas treatment synchronous biological treatment device is simple in structure, convenient to process and convenient to popularize and apply in the future.
Secondly, the ammonia gas, the hydrogen sulfide and the volatile organic compounds are removed together, so that the treatment efficiency is improved.
The livestock and poultry breeding waste gas is treated by steps, stages and subsystems, the treatment process is divided into two modules of ammonia gas separation and hydrogen sulfide separation, the synergistic treatment effect between the two modules is realized, the treatment efficiency of the ammonia gas and the hydrogen sulfide is improved, and the removal of volatile organic compounds is realized.
And fourthly, combining aerobic and anaerobic processes to realize harmless treatment of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, wherein the waste gas is treated after absorption, and part of ammonia gas is removed into nitrite by using oxygen in the livestock and poultry waste gas in the ammonia gas absorption process by controlling operation parameters. Under the anaerobic condition, converting ammonium ions and nitrite ions in the absorption liquid into nitrogen to realize the harmless treatment of ammonia gas; in the process of hydrogen sulfide absorption, oxygen in the livestock and poultry waste gas is utilized to remove part of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur. Under the anaerobic condition, the hydrogen sulfide ions and nitrate ions in the hydrogen sulfide absorption liquid are converted into elemental sulfur and nitrogen by the action of microorganisms.
Low cost, safety and high efficiency, no need of catalyst and external carbon source, and only need of supplementing small amount of water for waste gas treatment system. And sixthly, the formed elemental sulfur can be recycled for partial treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will describe in detail a process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs from livestock and poultry breeding waste gas, which is provided by the present invention, with reference to the following embodiments.
The process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas provided by the invention is divided into an ammonia gas removal module and a hydrogen sulfide removal module, and the removal of volatile organic compounds in the livestock and poultry waste gas is realized through the synergistic effect of the two modules. The concentration range of ammonia in the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas is 2-20ppm, the concentration range of hydrogen sulfide is 0.1-4ppm, and the concentration of VOCs is less than 1 ppm.
Example 1
A process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas comprises the following steps: the deamination module and the hydrogen sulfide removal module are connected in series;
firstly, livestock and poultry breeding waste gas enters a deamination module through an induced draft fan, ammonia is absorbed and nitrosated in an ammonia absorption device, the obtained ammonia-dissolved and transformed nitrite nitrogen liquid enters an ammonia removal device in a spraying mode, nitrogen transformation of ammonia is realized through anaerobic ammonia removal, and hydrolysis of VOCs dissolved in a liquid phase is realized through short-range denitrification;
then, deamination liquid and waste gas obtained by the treatment of the deamination module enter a hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the deamination module, the deamination liquid is sprayed, and the waste gas is directly introduced to carry out H2S absorption and H in aerobic conditions2S is converted into elemental sulfur, and H is dissolved in the S2S and NO3 -The liquid enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device and passes through NO under the anaerobic condition3 -The removal of the simple substance S is realized through the synergistic treatment, and meanwhile, VOCs dissolved in the liquid phase are removed through the autotrophic microorganism action.
Finally, the treated exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere, and the solution treated by the hydrogen sulfide treatment device can be recycled to the ammonia gas absorption device. The removal rate of ammonia in the waste gas can reach more than 90%, the treatment efficiency of hydrogen sulfide can reach more than 95%, and the removal efficiency of VOCs can reach more than 70%.
A spraying system and biological fillers are arranged in a gas distribution pipe of an ammonia absorption device of the deamination module, ammonia gas in waste gas is absorbed by using spraying liquid, the spraying amount is controlled to be 2L-3.5L/min, the gas retention time of the ammonia absorption device is set to be 20s, the pH value is controlled to be 7-9, and the conversion of ammonia into nitrite nitrogen is realized in polyester fillers inoculated with activated sludge.
The ammonia removal device of the deamination module is internally provided with needle-shaped filler, realizes the synergistic effect of short-range denitrification and anaerobic ammonia removal, is divided into three areas by forming a biological membrane through microorganisms, and finishes NH on the outermost layer4 +Removal of (2), the main product being NO2 -Small amount of NO3 -(ii) a Second outer layer, generation of NH under anoxic conditions4 +And NO2 -The reaction directly produces nitrogen; with part of NO2 -Carrying out short-cut nitration reaction with VOC in water and organic matters generated by hydrolytic acidification of organic particles; the innermost layer, CO produced by anaerobic biological reaction of anoxic organic matter2And CO contained in the exhaust gas2Providing the carbon source required for anaerobic ammonia removal.
The spraying system and the biological filler are arranged in the hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the hydrogen sulfide removal module, the spraying amount of liquid is controlled to be 3-3.5L/min, the gas retention time of the hydrogen sulfide absorption device is set to be 30s, the pH value is controlled to be 7-8, and the spraying liquid dissolves oxygen by itself to complete H2S is subjected to a first-step aerobic reaction in an aqueous solution to form partial simple substance S, one part of the absorbed nutrient solution flows back to a nutrient solution water tank to circularly absorb waste gas, and the other part of the absorbed nutrient solution enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device; microbial achievement in biofillers H2Complete absorption of S and H2S is converted to elemental sulfur in the biological filler.
The hydrogen sulfide removing device of the hydrogen sulfide removing module utilizes the residual H in the spraying liquid2Small amount of NO produced in S and deamination modules3 -Under the anaerobic condition, the synchronous denitrification and desulfurization microbial reaction is carried out under the action of the thiobacillus denitrificans to react NO3 -Conversion to nitrogen, H2S is converted into elemental sulfur. The hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the hydrogen sulfide removal module is internally provided with polyester sponge filler, and the hydrogen sulfide removal device is provided with needle-shaped filler.
The invention can realize the harmless removal of nitrogen, sulfur and volatile organic compounds by utilizing the combination of aerobic-anaerobic processes and the synergistic action among different reaction modules.
The specific process flow is as follows:
(1) process flow
The process flow is divided into a gas line and a liquid line:
the gas line is formed by introducing livestock and poultry breeding waste gas into an ammonia removal module through a draught fan, treating the waste gas, then introducing the treated waste gas into a hydrogen sulfide removal module, and performing harmless treatment and then discharging the treated waste gas into the atmosphere.
The liquid line is an absorption liquid for absorbing ammonia in the ammonia removal module, one part of the absorption liquid is used as self-circulation absorption liquid after ammonia is removed, the other part of the absorption liquid enters the hydrogen sulfide removal module, and the absorption liquid enters the ammonia removal module after the harmless treatment of the hydrogen sulfide removal module, so that the circulation of the liquid is completed.
(2) The working process of the invention is as follows:
1. and (3) ammonia gas absorption process: livestock and poultry breeding waste gas enters an air distribution pipe of a deamination module absorption device through an induced draft fan, then enters polyester filler inoculated with activated sludge, reversely contacts with nutrient solution sprayed down by a spiral spray header, and is completely absorbed by utilizing the property that ammonia is easy to dissolve in water, and the contact time is controlled by controlling the air inflow and the amount of circulating nutrient solution of the induced draft fan to promote NH4 +Conversion to NO by nitrosobacteria2 -. The absorbed nutrient solution is stored at the bottom storage position of the absorption device, part of the nutrient solution flows back to the nutrient solution water tank to circularly absorb waste gas, and the other part of the nutrient solution enters the ammonia-oxygen reaction device.
2. Anaerobic ammonia removal process: the absorption liquid in the last step enters a deamination module removing device, in the process, activated sludge grows on the needle-shaped filler, and a formed biological membrane can be divided into three areas: outermost layer of finished NH4 +By controlling the removal of (a) the product is predominantly NO2 -Small amount of NO3 -(ii) a In the second outer layer, NH may occur due to oxygen deficiency4 +And NO2 -The nitrogen is directly produced by the reaction of (1); with part of NO2 -Can also have short-cut nitration reaction with organic matters dissolved in water (mainly from hydrolysis acidification of VOC and organic particles); in the innermost layer, anaerobic biological reaction can occur due to anoxic organic matters to generate CO2Released CO2And CO contained in the exhaust gas2Can provide the carbon source required for anaerobic ammonia removal. Thus, in this region simultaneous denitrification and decarbonation reactions, i.e. simultaneous removal of NH, can take place3VOCs, and organic particles.
3. Hydrogen sulfide absorption process: the livestock and poultry waste gas after the ammonia gas absorption process continuously enters the hydrogen sulfide removal absorption deviceIn the process, H is completed by utilizing the self-dissolved oxygen of the spray liquid2S is subjected to a first-step aerobic reaction in an aqueous solution to form a part of simple substance S. The absorbed nutrient solution is stored at the bottom storage position of the absorption device, part of the nutrient solution flows back to the nutrient solution water tank to circularly absorb waste gas, and the other part of the nutrient solution enters the hydrogen sulfide reaction device.
4. Hydrogen sulfide removal process: residual H dissolved in spray liquid2S, the NO enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device and is formed in the deamination process under the anaerobic condition3 -The synchronous denitrification and desulfurization microbial reaction is carried out, and the main reaction process is as follows 5HS-+2NO3 -+7H+→5S+N2+6H2And O. Complete removal of hydrogen sulfide is achieved.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made to the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas comprises the following steps: the deamination module and the hydrogen sulfide removal module are connected in series; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
firstly, livestock and poultry breeding waste gas enters a deamination module, ammonia and VOCs are absorbed and nitrosated in an ammonia absorption device, the obtained liquid dissolved with ammonia and conversion nitrite nitrogen enters an ammonia removal device in a spraying mode, the nitrogen conversion of ammonia is realized through anaerobic ammonia removal, and the hydrolysis of the VOCs dissolved in the liquid phase is realized through short-range denitrification;
then, deamination liquid and waste gas obtained by the treatment of the deamination module enter a hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the deamination module, the deamination liquid is sprayed, and the waste gas is directly introduced to carry out H2S, VOCs absorption and H in aerobic conditions2S is converted into elemental sulfur, and H is dissolved in the S2S and NO3 -The liquid enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device and passes through NO under the anaerobic condition3 -Synergistic processing implementation H2S removal and simultaneously realizes the water of VOCs in the liquid phaseSolving;
a spraying system and polyester sponge filler are arranged in a gas distribution pipe of an ammonia absorption device of the deamination module, ammonia gas in waste gas is absorbed by using spraying liquid, and the conversion of ammonia into nitrite nitrogen is realized in the polyester sponge filler inoculated with activated sludge by controlling the spraying amount, the gas residence time and the pH value;
the ammonia removing device of the deammoniation module is internally provided with needle-shaped filler, realizes the synergistic effect of short-range denitrification and anaerobic ammonia removal, is divided into three areas by forming a biological membrane through microorganisms,
outermost layer of finished NH4 +Removal of (2), the main product being NO2 -Small amount of NO3 -；
Second outer layer, generation of NH under anoxic conditions4 +And NO2 -The reaction directly produces nitrogen; with part of NO2 -Carrying out short-range denitrification reaction with VOCs in water and organic matters generated by hydrolytic acidification of organic particles;
the innermost layer, CO produced by anaerobic biological reaction of anoxic organic matter2And CO contained in the exhaust gas2Providing a carbon source required for anaerobic ammonia removal;
the hydrogen sulfide absorption device of the hydrogen sulfide removal module is internally provided with a spraying system and polyester sponge filler, and H is completed by self-dissolved oxygen of spraying liquid by controlling the spraying amount of the liquid, the gas retention time and the pH value2S is subjected to a first-step aerobic reaction in an aqueous solution to form partial simple substance S, one part of the spray liquid after absorption returns to a spray liquid water tank to circularly absorb waste gas, and the other part of the spray liquid enters a hydrogen sulfide removal device; microbial achievement in polyester sponge packing2Complete absorption of S and H2S is converted into sulfur in the polyester sponge filler;
the hydrogen sulfide removing device of the hydrogen sulfide removing module utilizes the residual H in the spraying liquid2Small amount of NO produced in S and deamination modules3 -Under the anaerobic condition, the synchronous denitrification and desulfurization microbial reaction is carried out under the action of the thiobacillus denitrificans to react NO3 -Conversion to nitrogen, H2S is converted into elemental sulfur, and meanwhile, part of autotrophic microorganisms in the liquid phase remove the residual VOCs dissolved in the liquid phase by utilizing the heterotrophic metabolism.
2. The process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen sulfide removing device of the hydrogen sulfide removing module is provided with needle-shaped fillers.
3. The process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of ammonia in the livestock and poultry breeding waste gas is within the range of 2-20ppm, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is within the range of 0.1-4ppm, and the concentration of VOCs is less than 1 ppm.
4. The process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas according to claim 3, wherein the gas retention time in the ammonia gas absorption process is 15-20s, the pH value in the ammonia gas absorption process is controlled to be 7.5-9, and the spraying amount in the ammonia gas absorption process is 0.7-35L/min.
5. The process for synchronously removing ammonia, sulfur and VOCs in livestock and poultry breeding waste gas according to claim 4, wherein the retention time of hydrogen sulfide is 25-30 s, the pH value in the absorption process of hydrogen sulfide is controlled to be 7-8, and the spraying amount in the absorption process of hydrogen sulfide is 0.7-35L/min.
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