CN109286066A - A kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure - Google Patents
A kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109286066A CN109286066A CN201810985764.9A CN201810985764A CN109286066A CN 109286066 A CN109286066 A CN 109286066A CN 201810985764 A CN201810985764 A CN 201810985764A CN 109286066 A CN109286066 A CN 109286066A
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- stepped impedance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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Abstract
Present invention discloses a kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure, which includes medium substrate, the Stepped Impedance radiating curtain being arranged on medium substrate, two microstrip feed lines and two transition;There is metal layer at the back side of medium substrate, is the ground plane of the antenna;Transition connects microstrip feed line and Stepped Impedance radiating curtain;Stepped Impedance radiating curtain is made of the identical radiating element of multiple form and dimensions;Radiating element is arranged in parallel, and spacing is identical, has electromagnetic field couples between adjacent radiating element, but be directly connected to without conductor;Metallization VIA is located at the center of rectangular patch, is connected to bottom-side metal layer from the top surface of medium substrate.The antenna realizes the miniaturization of leaky-wave antenna, while improving radiation efficiency, improves radiation resistance band, realizes from forward direction to backward continuous scanning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of leaky-wave antenna, especially a kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure belongs to
In aerospace field.
Background technique
Leaky-wave antenna is one kind of travelling-wave aerial, can be realized frequency scanning characteristic, radiation efficiency with higher and very
Strong directionality.Leaky-wave antenna is widely used in aerospace related fields, for example high resolution radar, aircraft surface are total to
Shape antenna and navigation antenna etc., or the preferable electric wave covering of the offers such as mobile terminal.Among these, the leakage of periodic structure
The space harmonics under higher order mode is utilized in wave antenna, and wide-angle scanning may be implemented, and becomes the hot spot of research.
Although leaky-wave antenna has many advantages, such as, oversized is always the disadvantage of leaky-wave antenna.In general, in order to obtain
Higher leaky wave coefficient, leaky-wave antenna need the size of 10 above wavelength, this brings certain to the application of leaky-wave antenna
Difficulty, and too long radiating curtain is but also the wave beam of leaky-wave antenna is relatively narrow.Therefore we need to reduce leaky-wave antenna as far as possible
Size, and radiation efficiency is improved simultaneously.The range of scan angle is also the important parameter index of leaky-wave antenna, and scan angle is bigger can be with
The range of detection is bigger.Work in leaky-wave antenna paracycle that main mould is fast wave, be typically only capable to accomplish from end-fire (endfire) to
The scanning range in a quadrant of (broadside) is penetrated in side.Work the composite left-and-right-hand fabric drain under space harmonics mode
Wave antenna can accomplish the scanning range in two quadrants of forward and backward.But when leaky-wave antenna scanning is to side firing angle, lead to
The problem of radiation gain declines to a great extent, that is, stopband (open stopband) problem can often be encountered, this make leaky-wave antenna without
Method accomplish before to backward continuous scanning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose that a kind of Stepped Impedance is compound to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art
The leaky-wave antenna of right-hand man's structure not only has high radiation efficiency so that leaky-wave antenna size is small, but also to be able to maintain wide wave beam wide
Degree, and does not have radiation resistance band, and the gain still with higher of when side firing angle is realized from forward direction to backward continuous scanning.
A kind of leakage of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure that the purpose of the invention will be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Wave antenna, the leaky-wave antenna include medium substrate, the Stepped Impedance radiating curtain being arranged on medium substrate, two microstrip feed lines
With two transition;There is metal layer at the back side of the medium substrate, for the ground plane of the leaky-wave antenna;Transition connect microstrip feed line and
Stepped Impedance radiating curtain;Stepped Impedance radiating curtain is between two transition;One end of microstrip feed line is the port of antenna;It is micro-
The other end of ribbon feeder is transition;Stepped Impedance radiating curtain includes the identical radiating element of at least three form and dimensions;Often
A radiating element is arranged in parallel, and spacing is identical, has electromagnetic field couples between adjacent radiating element;The radiating element by
H-type patch, rectangular patch, connection H-type patch and rectangular patch shape of rectangular ribbon composition, have metallization VIA on rectangular patch;
The H-type patch is made of a horizontal strip, left side vertical strip and right vertical band, and left side vertical strip and the right are hung down
Vertical bar band is parallel to each other, and horizontal strip is between left side vertical strip and right vertical band;Horizontal strip and rectangular patch
Broadside it is parallel;Shape of rectangular ribbon is connected to the broadside of rectangular patch from the centre of H-type patch horizontal strip;Metallization VIA is located at
The center of rectangular patch is connected to bottom-side metal layer from the top surface of medium substrate.
Preferably, the right vertical band of the left side vertical strip of each radiating element radiating element adjacent thereto is flat
Row, there is unit interstices between the two;The left side of the right vertical band of each radiating element radiating element adjacent thereto is vertical
Band is parallel, there is unit interstices between the two;The width of unit interstices is adjusted, and then adjusts the coupling amount between radiating element.
Preferably, the transition includes left side transition and the right transition;Left side transition and the right transition are by a level
Transition strips band and a vertical transition band are constituted.
Preferably, horizontal transition band one end connects microstrip feed line;The other end connection of horizontal transition band is vertical
Transition strips band;The vertical transition band of left side transition is parallel to the left side vertical strip of the H-type patch of radiating element, between the two
It has the gap;The vertical transition band of the right transition is parallel to the right vertical band of the H-type patch of radiating element, has between the two
Gap;The width in gap, the coupling amount between adjustable microstrip feed line and Stepped Impedance radiating curtain are adjusted, and completes resistance
Anti- matching.
Preferably, the radius of metallization VIA and the width of unit interstices are adjusted, composite left-and-right-hand structure can be changed
Resonance frequency.
Preferably, change the shape and size of radiating element, the working frequency of antenna can be adjusted.
The advantages of technical solution of the present invention, is mainly reflected in: the leaky wave for the Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure that this programme is proposed
Antenna is compounded with left-and-right-hand transmission line structure in periodical step impedance resonator structure, realizes the small-sized of leaky-wave antenna
Change, not only improve radiation efficiency, but also increase beam angle, improve the gain of side firing angle degree, improve radiation resistance band, realizes
From forward direction to backward continuous scanning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of leaky-wave antenna positive structure schematic of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of leaky-wave antenna structure schematic diagram of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of leaky-wave antenna partial structural diagram of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of directional pattern of the leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of directional pattern of the leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure of the invention.
Appended drawing reference in figure are as follows: medium substrate 1, Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2, microstrip feed line 3, transition 4, metal layer
10, radiating element 20, H-type patch 201, rectangular patch 202, shape of rectangular ribbon 203, metallization VIA 204, horizontal strip 205, a left side
Side vertical strip 206, right vertical band 207, unit interstices 208, left side transition 41, the right transition 42, horizontal transition band
43, vertical transition band 44 and gap 45.
Specific embodiment
The purpose of the present invention, advantage and feature, by by the non-limitative illustration of preferred embodiment below carry out diagram and
It explains.These embodiments are only the prominent examples using technical solution of the present invention, it is all take equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation and
The technical solution of formation, all falls within the scope of protection of present invention.
Present invention discloses a kind of leaky-wave antennas of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 and Figure 3,
The leaky-wave antenna includes 2, two medium substrate 1, the Stepped Impedance radiating curtain being arranged on medium substrate 13 and of microstrip feed line
Two transition 4.There is metal layer 10 at the back side of medium substrate 1, for the ground plane of the antenna.Transition 4 connects microstrip feed line 3 and step
Impedance radiating curtain 2;Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2 is between two transition 4;One end of microstrip feed line 3 is the port of antenna;It is micro-
The other end of ribbon feeder 3 is transition 4.
The Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2 includes the identical radiating element 20 of at least three form and dimensions;Radiating element
20 is arranged in parallel, and spacing is identical, has electromagnetic field couples between adjacent radiating element 20, but be directly connected to without conductor.Each
The radiating element 20 is by H-type patch 201, rectangular patch 202, the shape of rectangular ribbon for connecting H-type patch 201 and rectangular patch 202
203 form, and have metallization VIA 204 on rectangular patch 202.The H-type patch 201 is vertical by horizontal strip 205, a left side
Band 206 and right vertical band 207 form, and left side vertical strip 206 and right vertical band 207 are parallel to each other, horizontal bar
Band 205 is between left side vertical strip 206 and right vertical band 207;The broadside of horizontal strip 205 and rectangular patch 202
In parallel;Shape of rectangular ribbon 203 is connected to the broadside of rectangular patch 202 from the centre of 201 horizontal strip 205 of H-type patch;It metallized
Hole 204 is located at the center of rectangular patch 202, is connected to bottom-side metal layer 10 from the top surface of medium substrate 1.
The right vertical band 207 of the left side vertical strip 206 of each radiating element 20 radiating element 20 adjacent thereto
In parallel, there are unit interstices 208 between the two;The right vertical band 207 of each radiating element 20 radiating element adjacent thereto
20 left side vertical strip 206 is parallel, there is unit interstices 208 between the two;The width of unit interstices 208 is adjusted, it is adjustable
Coupling amount between radiating element 20.
Transition 4 includes left side transition 41 and the right transition 42;Left side transition 41 and the right transition 42 are by a horizontal mistake
It crosses band 43 and a vertical transition band 44 is constituted;43 one end of horizontal transition band connects microstrip feed line 3;Horizontal transition band
43 other end connects vertical transition band 44;The vertical transition band 44 of left side transition 41 is parallel to the H-type of radiating element 20
The left side vertical strip 206 of patch 201, has the gap 45 between the two;The vertical transition band 44 of the right transition 42 is parallel to spoke
The right vertical band 207 for penetrating the H-type patch 201 of unit 20, has the gap 45 between the two;The width for adjusting gap 45, can be with
The coupling amount between microstrip feed line 3 and Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2 is adjusted, and completes impedance matching.
Adjust metallization VIA 204 radius and unit interstices 208 width, thus it is possible to vary composite left-and-right-hand structure it is humorous
Vibration frequency.Change the shape and size of radiating element 20, the working frequency of adjustable antenna.The antenna realizes leaky-wave antenna
Miniaturization, while improving radiation efficiency, improve radiation resistance band, realize from forward direction to backward continuous scanning.
The leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure is using microstrip-fed, due to being leaky wave radiation, the two of antenna
Respectively there is a port at end.Electromagnetic wave signal arrives transition 4 after a port feed-in of antenna, by one section of microstrip feed line 3, then arrives
Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2 radiates while propagating.Transition 4 is completed between microstrip feed line 3 and Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2
Impedance matching and wave vector it is flux matched.Each radiating element 20 of Stepped Impedance radiating curtain 2 realizes step impedance resonator
With the combination of two kinds of technologies of composite left-and-right-hand structure.The function of Stepped Impedance resonance is completed by H-type patch 201.Among these, H-type
The left side vertical strip 206 and right vertical band 207 of patch 201 realize Low ESR, relative to traditional Stepped Impedance resonance
Device, left side vertical strip 206 and right vertical band 207 extend to longitudinal direction and reduce lateral dimension, to reduce step resistance
The overall dimensions of anti-radiation array 2;The horizontal strip 205 of H-type patch 201 realizes high impedance.
The right vertical band 207 and left side vertical strip 206 of adjacent H-type patch 201 intercouple, and transmit electromagnetic wave
Meanwhile forming series capacitance;H-type patch 201 is connected to the rectangular patch 202 of lower section by a lesser shape of rectangular ribbon 203,
Metallization VIA 204 on rectangular patch 202 is connected to metal layer on back 10, and metallization VIA 204 forms shunt inductance;In conjunction with
The right-handed transmission characteristic of radiating element other structures, collectively forms composite left-and-right-hand structure.Pass through coupling between radiating element 20
Resonant transmission electromagnetic wave forms periodic structure in transmission direction, excites space harmonics and form radiation.Leaky-wave antenna work exists
Primary space harmonic regions, right-hand area reality before to frequency scanning, backward frequency scanning, a compound left side are realized in left-hand area
Right hand configurations can further decrease the size of radiating element, so that the spoke of the leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure
Penetrating array total length only needs 3 operation wavelengths.
In manufacture, the leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure can use planar printed circuit board (PCB)
Technique production, can also be using the production of the techniques such as chip technology, high-temperature co-fired ceramics (HTCC) or low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC).
The directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.Abscissa indicates the scan angle of leaky-wave antenna in Fig. 4
Degree, ordinate indicate the gain of leaky-wave antenna, and abscissa indicates the scanning angle of leaky-wave antenna, whole coordinate representation leaky wave in Fig. 5
The gain of antenna, shown in antenna pattern result.The leaky-wave antenna realize well with frequency from backward to it is preceding to it is big
Angle continuous scanning, and gain of the gain especially in lateral angle namely 0 degree of position are stablized in 10dB or more.Step resistance
The leaky-wave antenna of anti-composite left-and-right-hand structure realizes miniaturization, high-gain well, and solves side and penetrate asking for position stopband
Topic, realizes continuous scanning.
Still there are many embodiment, all technical sides formed using equivalents or equivalent transformation by the present invention
Case is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure, it is characterised in that: the leaky-wave antenna includes medium substrate
(1), Stepped Impedance radiating curtain (2), two microstrip feed lines (3) and two transition (4) being arranged on medium substrate (1);Institute
The back side for stating medium substrate (1) has metal layer (10), for the ground plane of the leaky-wave antenna;Transition (4) connect microstrip feed line (3) and
Stepped Impedance radiating curtain (2);Stepped Impedance radiating curtain (2) is between two transition (4);One end of microstrip feed line (3) is
The port of antenna;The other end of microstrip feed line (3) is transition (4);Stepped Impedance radiating curtain (2) include at least three shapes and
The identical radiating element of size (20);Each radiating element (20) is arranged in parallel, and spacing is identical, adjacent radiating element
(20) there are electromagnetic field couples between;The radiating element (20) is by H-type patch (201), rectangular patch (202), connection H-type patch
(201) it is formed with the shape of rectangular ribbon (203) of rectangular patch (202), has metallization VIA (204) on rectangular patch (202);It is described
H-type patch (201) is made of a horizontal strip (205), left side vertical strip (206) and right vertical band (207), the left side
Vertical strip (206) and right vertical band (207) are parallel to each other, horizontal strip (205) be located at left side vertical strip (206) and
Between right vertical band (207);Horizontal strip (205) is parallel with the broadside of rectangular patch (202);Shape of rectangular ribbon (203) is from H
The centre of type patch (201) horizontal strip (205) is connected to the broadside of rectangular patch (202);Metallization VIA (204) is located at square
The center of shape patch (202) is connected to bottom-side metal layer (10) from the top surface of medium substrate (1).
2. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of compound tiled configuration hand Stepped Impedance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: each
The right vertical band (207) of the left side vertical strip (206) of radiating element (20) radiating element (20) adjacent thereto in parallel,
There are unit interstices (208) between the two;The right vertical band (207) of each radiating element (20) radiating element adjacent thereto
(20) left side vertical strip (206) in parallel, there is unit interstices (208) between the two;The width of unit interstices (208) is adjusted,
And then adjust the coupling amount between radiating element (20).
3. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of compound tiled configuration hand Stepped Impedance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Transition (4) includes left side transition (41) and the right transition (42);Left side transition (41) and the right transition (42) are by a level
Transition strips band (43) and a vertical transition band (44) are constituted.
4. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of compound tiled configuration hand Stepped Impedance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
Horizontal transition band (43) one end connects microstrip feed line (3);The other end of horizontal transition band (43) connects vertical transition band
(44);The left side that the vertical transition band (44) of left side transition (41) is parallel to the H-type patch (201) of radiating element (20) is vertical
Band (206), has the gap (45) between the two;The vertical transition band (44) of the right transition (42) is parallel to radiating element (20)
H-type patch (201) right vertical band (207), have the gap (45) between the two;The width for adjusting gap (45), can be with
The coupling amount between microstrip feed line (3) and Stepped Impedance radiating curtain (2) is adjusted, and completes impedance matching.
5. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of compound tiled configuration hand Stepped Impedance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: adjust
The radius of metallization VIA (204) and the width of unit interstices (208), can change the resonance frequency of composite left-and-right-hand structure.
6. a kind of leaky-wave antenna of compound tiled configuration hand Stepped Impedance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: change
The shape and size of radiating element (20), can adjust the working frequency of antenna.
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CN201810985764.9A CN109286066A (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2018-08-28 | A kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure |
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CN201810985764.9A CN109286066A (en) | 2018-08-28 | 2018-08-28 | A kind of leaky-wave antenna of Stepped Impedance composite left-and-right-hand structure |
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Cited By (5)
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CN111509392A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High scanning rate antenna of wave beam based on microstrip line structure |
CN111509393A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | One-dimensional plane periodic leaky-wave antenna based on microstrip line structure |
CN112054305A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
CN112736476A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-30 | 东华大学 | High-gain leaky-wave cable for indoor distribution |
CN113346233A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 河北工业大学 | Compact large-angle scanning leaky-wave antenna based on alumina ceramic material |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111509392A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High scanning rate antenna of wave beam based on microstrip line structure |
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CN112054305A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-08 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
CN112054305B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-03-14 | 南昌大学 | Periodic leaky-wave antenna based on composite left-right-hand structure and highly stable gain |
CN112736476A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-30 | 东华大学 | High-gain leaky-wave cable for indoor distribution |
CN113346233A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 河北工业大学 | Compact large-angle scanning leaky-wave antenna based on alumina ceramic material |
CN113346233B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-05-27 | 河北工业大学 | Compact large-angle scanning leaky-wave antenna based on alumina ceramic material |
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Application publication date: 20190129 |