CN109280365B - Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage - Google Patents
Preparation method of light insulator core body for extra-high voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109280365B CN109280365B CN201811065072.9A CN201811065072A CN109280365B CN 109280365 B CN109280365 B CN 109280365B CN 201811065072 A CN201811065072 A CN 201811065072A CN 109280365 B CN109280365 B CN 109280365B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KMBMQZQZBOLJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxirane;oxolane Chemical compound CC1CO1.C1CCOC1 KMBMQZQZBOLJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/28—Glass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage. The density of the light core material for the composite insulator for the ultra-high voltage, prepared by the method, is only 1/3-1/4 of an epoxy glass fiber composite material used by the current ultra-high voltage composite insulator, so that the weight of the current solid insulator for the ultra-high voltage can be reduced by more than 50%, and the light core material has the characteristics of excellent toughness of a polyurethane material, compact internal filling, few defects, excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, excellent electrical insulating property and the like, and greatly improves the use safety performance of the current ultra-high voltage transmission line. In addition, the preparation process is simple, complex machine equipment is not needed, the problem of resin core burning does not occur in the preparation process, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage.
Background
The ultra-high voltage power transmission has the remarkable advantages of large power transmission capacity, long transmission distance, low loss, power transmission corridor saving and the like. The composite insulator for the ultra-high voltage transmission line in China is formed by epoxy resin and glass fiber through a pultrusion process, and has the advantages of simple structure, excellent mechanical tensile strength, non-breakdown, excellent stain resistance and the like. However, the insulator has a solid structure, and as the voltage class is improved, the diameter and length of the insulator are required to be remarkably increased for insulation performance and use safety, so that a series of problems are caused. The increase of the size leads to the sharp increase of the weight of the insulator, and brings great inconvenience to transportation and installation; in addition, the problems of slow production efficiency, increased interface defects, difficult on-line detection, heat accumulation and core burning in the curing process and the like are also caused; in addition, along with the increase of the size, the contact surface area of the glass fiber and the epoxy resin is greatly increased, the internal defects are inevitably increased, the epoxy resin has the problem of brittleness, and the small defects are easy to form a cross section to cause safety accidents, so that the large-size solid insulator prepared from the epoxy glass fiber composite material has great potential safety hazards in use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage. The density of the light insulator core material prepared by the method is less than 1/3 of an epoxy glass fiber composite material used by the current ultra-high voltage composite insulator, the weight of the current solid insulator for the ultra-high voltage can be reduced by more than 50%, and the light insulator core material has the characteristics of excellent toughness of a polyurethane material, dense internal filling, few defects, excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, excellent electrical insulating property and the like, and greatly improves the use safety performance of the current ultra-high voltage transmission line. In addition, the preparation process is simple, complex machine equipment is not needed, the problem of resin core burning does not occur in the preparation process, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial mass production.
A preparation method of a light insulator core body for an ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises the following steps:
(1) the components A and B are calculated and weighed according to the range of the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of the components A and B being 1.0-1.2: 1, the components A and B are respectively weighed according to the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of 1.0-1.2: 1, the polyether containing [ -OH ], the chain extender and the cross-linking agent are used as the components A, the isocyanate component containing [ -NCO ] and multiple functionality is used as the component B.
(2) Weighing the glass beads according to 10-30% of the mass of the component A, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with the component A in advance.
(3) Preparing a mold for preparing the core rod, uniformly coating a polyurethane release agent on the inner surface of the mold, and sealing the bottom end of the mold.
(4) And after the component A mixed with the glass beads and the component B are uniformly mixed and stirred, vacuumizing and degassing in a vacuum oven, discharging gas after the gas in the mixture is completely removed, taking out the material, and then pouring the material into a prepared mould. And (3) placing the mold into an oven to be cured at a certain temperature, and demolding after the polyurethane resin is completely cured to obtain the light insulator core.
Preferably, the polyether component in the step (1) is one or more of polyoxypropylene polyol, polytetrahydrofuran polyol or vegetable oil polyol; the isocyanate component is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
Preferably, the chain extender in the step (1) is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent in step (1) is one or more of glycerol, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
Preferably, the closed pore rate of the glass microspheres in the step (1) is required to be more than 85%, and the density is 0.1-0.3 g/cm3In the meantime. Preferably, the amount of the glass beads added in the step (2) is determined according to the density of the lightweight core and the density of the glass beads.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the A/B component in the step (4) to the [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is 1.05-1.1: 1.
preferably, the die in the step (4) is placed in a forced air oven to be cured for 2-8 hours at the temperature of 60-100 ℃.
Advantageous effects
The light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage prepared by the invention takes polyurethane resin with good toughness and high insulation as a matrix, is compounded with glass beads with high insulation and low density, and is prepared into a polyurethane light composite core rod through a vacuum casting process, wherein the density is less than 0.75g/cm3. The outer layer of the core rod is wound with glass fiber with a certain thickness and impregnated with epoxy resin, and the glass fiber is cured to form the lightweight insulator for the ultra-high voltage transmission line. Compared with the existing ultra-high voltage composite insulator, the insulator has the advantages of weight reduction of more than 50%, good toughness, compact internal filling and few defects, has excellent bonding force with a glass fiber reinforced plastic shell, has excellent electrical insulation performance, and meets the long-term safe use requirement of the existing ultra-high voltage environment composite insulator. In addition, the method has the advantages of simple preparation process, no need of complex machinery and equipment, no resin core burning problem in the preparation process, and suitability for industrial production. The polyurethane light material core filling insulator is popularized and applied in the ultra-high voltage transmission line, and has important significance for improving the safe operation of the ultra-high voltage transmission line in China and reducing the risk of accidents.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 15 parts of tetrahydrofuran-propylene oxide copolyether with the brand number of NG210, 45 parts of refined castor oil, 50025 parts of polyether MN, 411012 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part of triethanolamine (total 100 parts) are uniformly mixed to form the component A. Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PAPI) was used as the component B, and the two were weighed in an A/B mass ratio of 1:0.8 ([ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] molar ratio of about 1.1: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.55g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 22.2 percent of the mass of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.55g/cm3The light insulator core body. The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method in the embodiment (1) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 57.4 percent.
Example 2
A preparation method of a light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 52 parts of refined castor oil, 50035 parts of polyether MN, 411010 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part of triethanolamine (total 100 parts) are uniformly mixed to form a component A, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PAPI) is used as a component B, and the component A and the component B are weighed according to the A/B mass ratio of 1:0.8 (the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is about 1.1: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.60g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 20.0 percent of the mass of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.60g/cm3The light insulator core body.
The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method of the embodiment (2) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 55.7%.
Example 3
A preparation method of a light insulator core material for ultra-high voltage comprises the following steps:
(1) 50 parts of refined castor oil, 50035 parts of polyether MN, 411012 parts of polyether, 2 parts of diethylene glycol and 1 part (total 100 parts) of triethanolamine are uniformly mixed to form a component A, liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate (C-MDI) is used as a component B, and the component A and the component B are weighed according to the A/B mass ratio of 1:0.70 (the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] is about 1.07: 1).
(2) Preparation of 0.60g/cm3The calculated density of the light core material is 0.2g/cm3The mass of the glass microspheres with the closed pore rate of 90 percent is 22.2 percent of that of the component A. Weighing the glass beads according to the calculated amount, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with 100 parts of the component A in advance.
(3) And (3) rapidly stirring the component A and the component B mixed with the glass beads for 30-60 seconds at 3000 r/min by using mechanical stirring, placing the materials into a vacuum oven for vacuumizing and degassing after the colors of the materials are uniform, and pouring the mixture into a prepared mould after the gases in the mixture are completely removed. Placing the mould into an oven, curing for 4 hours at 80 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the product with the density of 0.55g/cm3The light insulator core body.
The lightweight insulator core material for the ultra-high voltage transmission line prepared by the method in the embodiment (3) has the following properties:
the material has a diameter of 320mm, a wall thickness of 20mm and a wall density of 2.2g/cm3The weight reduction proportion of the core body material of the glass fiber reinforced plastic extra-high voltage composite insulator can reach 55.7%.
Comparative example 1
The composite insulator used in the extra-high voltage environment and prepared by the Beijing glass fiber reinforced plastic institute composite company by the pultrusion process has the following dimensions: the diameter is 320mm, the length is 4500mm, and the density is 2.20g/cm3The total weight was 796 kg. The surface resistivity was measured to be 6.4X 1012 Omega, volume resistivity of 5.1X 1014Omega. m, breakdown voltage 20.8 kv/mm.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a light insulator core body for ultra-high voltage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the component A of the light insulator core body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-85% of [ -OH ] polyether polyol, 0.5-3% of chain extender and 0.2-1% of cross-linking agent; the component B is polyfunctional isocyanate containing [ -NCO ], and the two are respectively weighed according to the molar ratio of [ -NCO ] to [ -OH ] of 1.0-1.2: 1; the isocyanate component is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or liquefied diphenylmethane diisocyanate;
(2) weighing glass beads according to 5-30% of the mass of the component A, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the glass beads with the component A in advance; the glass beads have the requirements of the closed porosity of more than 85 percent and the density of 0.1-0.3 g/cm3;
(3) Preparing a mold for preparing a core body, uniformly coating a polyurethane release agent on the inner surface of the mold, and sealing the bottom end of the mold;
(4) and (3) stirring the component A mixed with the glass beads and the component B according to a molar ratio, uniformly stirring, vacuumizing and degassing in a vacuum oven, degassing after the gas in the mixture is completely removed, taking out the material, pouring into a prepared mold, placing the mold into the oven, curing at a certain temperature, and demolding after the polyurethane resin is completely cured to obtain the light insulator core.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol component in step (1) is one or more selected from polyoxypropylene polyol, polytetrahydrofuran polyol and vegetable oil polyol.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring speed in the step (4) is 1000 to 5000 rpm for 30 to 60 seconds.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mold in the step (4) is placed in a forced air oven to be cured for 2-8 hours at 60-100 ℃.
5. A lightweight insulator core produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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CN110343233A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | A kind of high insulating polyimide potting compound and its preparation method and application |
CN110330629A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Preparation method of inner core filling material for composite insulating cross arm |
CN110330632A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-15 | 华北电力大学(保定) | A kind of preparation method of the core packing material for composite insulation cross arm |
CN111326298B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-11-19 | 华北电力大学(保定) | Inner-filling light extra-high voltage composite insulating cross arm |
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CN102504523B (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-03-12 | 中国电力科学研究院 | High-toughness polyurethane composite insulator core rod and preparation method thereof |
CN102623111A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-01 | 唐苑雯 | Composite bar-shaped insulator mandrel |
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