CN109270404A - A kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and device - Google Patents
A kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109270404A CN109270404A CN201811211811.0A CN201811211811A CN109270404A CN 109270404 A CN109270404 A CN 109270404A CN 201811211811 A CN201811211811 A CN 201811211811A CN 109270404 A CN109270404 A CN 109270404A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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Abstract
The invention particularly discloses a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and devices.The method comprising the steps of: the first IMF component of different frequency range is decomposed into using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method will acquire；Construct forward modeling transfer function model；Inverse model is derived according to forward modeling transfer function model；Inverting is carried out to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm based on inverse model, each 2nd IMF component after obtaining inverting；Each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, travelling wave signal of inverting is obtained.The device includes decomposing module, forward modeling module and inverting module.The present invention can more comprehensively, really restore a travelling wave signal, and effective wave distortion for solving the problems, such as that traveling wave generates during the traveling wave sensor progress of disease will lead to the missing of transient information, realize the fault transient travelling wave signal Time-Frequency Information detection of higher precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Relay Protection Technology in Power System fields, more particularly to a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method
And device.
Background technique
Travelling Wave Fault Location method is to realize measuring distance of transmission line fault according to traveling wave theory, fixed compared to other failures
Position technology has certain advantage, causes the extensive concern of relay protection field.Travelling wave signal detection accuracy is to determine traveling wave
One of the key factor of fault location levels of precision, travelling wave signal are broadband transient signal, are occurred in the form of electric current, voltage
In faulty grids.Traditional voltage, current transformer apply to the measurement and analysis of power frequency quantity more, it is difficult to reach traveling wave detector
The requirement of technology.The characteristics of Rogowski coil has measurement range wide, and precision is high, fast response time, can be in certain error range
Interior effective detection and progress of disease high-frequency signal, therefore currently based on the traveling wave sensor of Rogowski coil development usually as traveling wave detector
Device.Due to the influence of the physical structure of Rogowski coil sensor itself, secondary travelling wave signal can be generated compared with a travelling wave signal
Certain distortion, and secondary travelling wave signal, and related traveling wave are generally currently based on the measurement of traveling wave hardware device is obtained
The methods and techniques of positioning and traveling-wave protection are analyzed using the secondary travelling wave signal, secondary travelling wave signal detection essence
The deficiency of degree affects the accuracy of fault location result.Therefore travelling wave signal of power grid how is accurately detected, is current line
The problem of wave positioning and protection field urgent need to resolve.
Currently, generalling use Inversion Calculation method since a practical travelling wave signal can not directly acquire；And traveling wave
The wideband Transfer characteristic of sensor is the basis for realizing waveform inversion, the amplitude-frequency characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic that different frequency range down going wave passes
Difference, when with the Fourier transformation analysis non-linear travelling wave signal of non-stationary, obtained signal spectrum reflection is in overall signal
The average value for a certain frequency component for including, at this moment based on global sense transformation on Fourier transform, without part when
Frequency analysis ability, it is difficult to it is corresponding with the wideband Transfer characteristic of Rogowski coil sensor, it is also unable to respond traveling wave and is passed in traveling wave
The wave distortion generated during the sensor progress of disease easily leads to travelling wave signal transient information missing of inverting.As it can be seen that currently based on
Fourier transformation carries out the travelling wave signal inversion method of frequency-domain analysis, cannot comprehensively and truly be finally inversed by a travelling wave signal, and one
The inversion accuracy of secondary travelling wave signal is to be improved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and devices, to solve to be based in the prior art
The not high technical problem of the travelling wave signal precision that Fourier transformation progress frequency-domain analysis is finally inversed by.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method, comprising steps of
The first IMF component of different frequency range is decomposed into using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method will acquire；
Construct forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverse model is derived according to the forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverting is carried out to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm based on the inverse model, is obtained
Each 2nd IMF component after inverting；Each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, travelling wave signal of inverting is obtained.
Optionally, the first IMF component of different frequency range is decomposed into using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method will acquire,
Include:
According to EMD decomposition method, the secondary travelling wave signal is decomposed into such as following formula:
In formula, uL(t) forms of time and space of secondary travelling wave signal is indicated；rnIndicate survival function；c1, c2..., cnIndicate each
First IMF component.
Optionally, forward modeling transfer function model, including the following forward modeling transfer function model of building are constructed:
In formula, H is forward modeling transfer function model, s=j ω, UL(s) frequency domain form of secondary travelling wave signal, I (s) are indicated
Indicate that the current signal on CVT ground line, M indicate that sensor mutual inductance, L indicate sensor self-induction, C0Indicate that sensor is miscellaneous
Spurious capacitance, RLIndicate that sampling resistor, r indicate sensor internal resistance.
Optionally, inverse model is derived according to the forward modeling transfer function model, comprising:
In conjunction with Wiener filtering inversion algorithm, inverse model is derived:
In formula, G (ω) is the frequency domain form of inverse model, and H (ω) indicates the frequency domain form of forward modeling transfer function model, H*
(ω) is the conjugation of H (ω)；PSIndicate the power spectrum of secondary travelling wave signal, PNIndicate the power spectrum of noise.
Optionally, each first IMF component is carried out using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm based on the inverse model anti-
It drills, comprising steps of
It is brought into the inverse model after the secondary travelling wave signal is converted to frequency domain form:
In formula, Cj(ω) indicates the frequency domain form of each first IMF component, Xj(ω) is indicated after Wiener filtering inverting
The frequency domain form of each 2nd IMF component.
Optionally, each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, obtains travelling wave signal of inverting, comprising steps of
By each 2nd IMF component of obtained frequency domain form by discrete inverse Fourier transform, its real part is taken, is asked
Obtain the 3rd IMF component of forms of time and space；
Each 3rd IMF component is superimposed, inverting primary voltage travelling wave signal is obtained.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detection device, comprising:
Decomposing module, the secondary travelling wave signal for will acquire using EMD decomposition method are decomposed into the first IMF of different frequency range
Component；
Forward modeling module, for constructing forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverting module, for deriving inverse model according to the forward modeling transfer function model；Based on the inverse model
Inverting is carried out to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm, each 2nd IMF component after obtaining inverting；
Each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, travelling wave signal of inverting is obtained.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
Voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and device provided by the invention are first passed voltage traveling wave using EMD decomposition method
The secondary travelling wave signal that sensor detects is decomposed into the first IMF component of different frequency range, and each first IMF component is different frequencies
The linear stationary signal of rate, and contain the feature letter of all time scales of original travelling wave signal (i.e. a travelling wave signal)
Number；It constructs the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor and derives inverse model, wiener is utilized based on inverse model
It filters inversion algorithm and inverting is carried out to each first IMF component, then the 2nd IMF component after inverting is synthesized, obtains inverting one
Secondary travelling wave signal.Show the accurate detection scheme of voltage traveling wave of the invention through emulation experiment, can more fully, truly go back
A former travelling wave signal, effectively solving the wave distortion that traveling wave generates during the traveling wave sensor progress of disease will lead to transient information
Missing problem, the precision of a travelling wave signal after improving inverting, realize fault transient travelling wave Time-Frequency Information accurate inspection
It surveys.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the analogue system structural schematic diagram in a simulated example of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the simulation result waveform diagram of simulated example of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To keep upper technical solution of the invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is made into one With reference to embodiment
Step detailed description.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting methods.Shown in Figure 1, this method includes step
It is rapid:
Step S101 is decomposed into the first IMF points of different frequency range using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method will acquire
Amount.
EMD decomposition method, i.e. Empirical Mode Decomposition, empirical mode decomposition.
IMF component, i.e. intrinsic mode function (intrinsic mode function, IMF) component.
Step S102 constructs forward modeling transfer function model.
Generally, secondary travelling wave signal is acquired by voltage traveling wave sensor；Construct forward modeling transfer function model, including structure
Build the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor.
Step S103 derives inverse model according to forward modeling transfer function model.
Step S104, based on inverse model using Wiener filtering (wiener filtering) inversion algorithm to each first
IMF component carries out inverting, each 2nd IMF component after obtaining inverting.
Each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, obtains travelling wave signal of inverting by step S105.
This method is based on EMD decomposition method and decomposes to secondary travelling wave signal, anti-then in conjunction with Wiener filtering inversion algorithm
A travelling wave signal is performed, compared to the inversion method based on Fourier transformation, can more comprehensively, accurately be finally inversed by primary row
Wave signal.
To further illustrate the present invention, a preferred embodiment of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method of the present invention is set forth below
It is illustrated.In the preferred embodiment, this method comprises the following steps:
Step S201, on the capacitive apparatus ground wires such as the capacitance type potential transformer (CVT) of transmission line of electricity both ends substation
Voltage traveling wave sensor is installed, the primary voltage travelling wave signal generated after transmission line malfunction is detected, exports secondary voltage traveling wave
Signal detects secondary travelling wave signal by voltage traveling wave sensor and exports.
Step S202 is decomposed into difference using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method detects voltage traveling wave sensor
The IMF component of frequency range.
Preferably as a kind of embodiment, EMD decomposes secondary travelling wave signal, and detailed process is as follows:
1) secondary travelling wave signal u is found outL(t) all maximum points and all minimum points, poor using cubic spline in
Value function fits two envelopes up and down respectively, and finds out the average value m of this two envelopes1。
2) with former data uL(t) the mean value m of lower envelope line thereon is subtracted1Obtain new sequence c1。
3) judge c1Whether the definition condition of IMF is met: if meeting condition, by c1It separates, obtains residual components
r1；If being unsatisfactory for condition, by c1As new signal, step 1)~2 are repeated), until c1Until meeting IMF condition.
4) r is checked1It whether is monotonic function, if it is not, then by residual components r1It is considered as new original signal and returns to step 1)
Continue to repeat to screen.
5) screening n times obtain residual volume r to the endn, referred to as trend term works as rnWhen for monotonic function, EMD decomposable process is complete
At.Secondary travelling wave signal uL(t) n IMF and r can be usednIt indicates:
Wherein, uL(t) forms of time and space of secondary travelling wave signal, survival function r are indicatednThe average tendency of representation signal；It is each
First IMF component c1, c2..., cnContain secondary travelling wave signal uL(t) different frequency range ingredient from high to low；Noise is usually distributed
In high band, i.e., noisy part is concentrated mainly in the several first IMF components in front, is gone using EMD decomposition to signal
It makes an uproar.
IMF component refers both to the IMF component after decomposing by EMD decomposition method to the present invention everywhere.
Step S203 constructs the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor:
In formula, s=j ω, UL(s) frequency domain form of secondary voltage travelling wave signal is indicated, I (s) is indicated on CVT ground line
Current signal, r are sensor internal resistance, and L is sensor self-induction, and M is sensor mutual inductance, C0For sensor stray capacitance, RLFor
Sampling resistor.
Step S204 derives inverting in conjunction with Wiener filtering according to the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor
Model.
The expression formula of Wiener filter in a frequency domain are as follows:
In formula, H (ω) is the forward modeling transfer function model of system, and H* (ω) is the conjugation of H (ω)；PSIndicate secondary traveling wave
The power spectrum of signal, PNIndicate the power spectrum of noise；The forward modeling transfer function model H (s) of voltage traveling wave sensor is substituted into dimension
It receives in the frequency-domain expression of filter, inverse model can be obtained；Preferably, on the basis of EMD is denoised, choosing signal-to-noise ratio is
10dB calculates PN/PsRatio.
Step S205 carries out inverting to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm based on inverse model, first
First the frequency form of secondary traveling wave is brought into inverse model:
C in formulaj(ω) is the frequency domain form of each first IMF component, Xj(ω) indicates IMF component through Wiener filtering inverting
The 2nd IMF component afterwards；By travelling wave signal of inverting in obtained frequency domain by discrete inverse Fourier transform, and take in fact
Portion can acquire travelling wave signal of inverting in time domain.
Finally the IMF component after inverting is superimposed, inverting primary voltage travelling wave signal can be obtained.
A simulated example of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method of the present invention is set forth below.
It is shown in Figure 2, simulation analysis is carried out with system shown in Figure 2:
Transmission line of electricity AB is the 220kV ultra-high-tension power transmission line that a length is 300km, supply frequency 50Hz, A, B in Fig. 2
It for signal monitoring point, is respectively arranged with capacitance type potential transformer (CVT) at test point, equivalent capacity C is 0.01 μ F, sample frequency
For 10MHz, fault distance is the distance of fault point k to test point A.
(1) voltage traveling wave sensor is installed at the CVT ground line of the end A.
(2) using the travelling wave signal generated after voltage traveling wave sensor detection transmission line malfunction, secondary row is exported
Wave signal.It is assumed that the list that fault resstance Rg is 50 Ω on transmission line of electricity AB, fault distance d is 160km, failure initial phase angle is 30 °
Phase ground fault is analyzed so that voltage traveling wave signal is detected at the end A of transmission line of electricity as an example.It is sensed at the end A using voltage traveling wave
Device detects primary voltage travelling wave signal as shown in curve 1 in Fig. 3, exports secondary voltage travelling wave signal as shown in curve 3 in Fig. 3.
The no-load voltage ratio of the model of high frequency transfer function of virtual voltage traveling wave sensor is larger, leads to primary voltage travelling wave signal and secondary voltage
The difference in magnitude of travelling wave signal is away from very big；For the waveform spy for obviously embodying primary voltage travelling wave signal and secondary voltage travelling wave signal
Difference is levied, the no-load voltage ratio of this emulation applied voltage traveling wave sensor forward modeling transfer function model is 5: 1, and other parameters press actual conditions
Setting.
(3) the secondary traveling wave exported voltage traveling wave sensor using EMD decomposition method be decomposed into several different frequencies at
The IMF component divided, and denoising is carried out to secondary traveling wave on this basis.
(4) the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor is established are as follows:
Voltage traveling wave sensor is established in conjunction with Wiener filtering according to the forward modeling transfer function model of voltage traveling wave sensor
High frequency inverting function model:
It is 10dB to calculate P that signal-to-noise ratio is chosen in formulaN/PsRatio.
(5) frequency domain form of each IMF component is brought into the high frequency inverting function model of voltage traveling wave sensor, is indicated
It is as follows:
By Xj(ω) takes its real part by discrete inverse Fourier transform, can acquire c in time domainjTraveling wave of inverting
Signal.
(6) finally the IMF component after inverting is superimposed, and takes integral, inverting primary voltage travelling wave signal can be obtained, it is right
Answer the curve 2 in Fig. 3.
Simulation result shows the present invention after transmission line of electricity breaks down, and can really restore a travelling wave signal, realizes event
The accurate detection for hindering transient state travelling wave Time-Frequency Information effectively solves the problems, such as that secondary travelling wave signal part Temporal Data lacks.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detection device.The device includes
Decomposing module, forward modeling module and inverting module.
Decomposing module, the secondary travelling wave signal for will acquire using EMD decomposition method are decomposed into the first IMF of different frequency range
Component；
Forward modeling module, for constructing forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverting module, for deriving inverse model according to forward modeling transfer function model；Wiener is utilized based on inverse model
It filters inversion algorithm and inverting is carried out to each first IMF component, each 2nd IMF component after obtaining inverting.And by each second
The synthesis of IMF component, obtains travelling wave signal of inverting.
Voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method and device provided by the invention, can really restore transmission line malfunction primary voltage
Travelling wave signal realizes the accurate detection of fault transient travelling wave Time-Frequency Information, efficiently solves and is directly obtained using Fourier transformation
Travelling wave signal frequency domain information leads to traveling wave loss of learning problem of inverting, helps to further increase transmission line malfunction traveling wave
The reliability of protection technique.And it realizes that process is simple and easy, there is certain practicability, have a extensive future.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
The first IMF component of different frequency range is decomposed into using the secondary travelling wave signal that EMD decomposition method will acquire；
Construct forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverse model is derived according to the forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverting is carried out to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm based on the inverse model, obtains inverting
Each 2nd IMF component afterwards；Each 2nd IMF component is synthesized, travelling wave signal of inverting is obtained.
2. voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step is decomposed using EMD
The secondary travelling wave signal that method will acquire is decomposed into the first IMF component of different frequency range, comprising:
According to EMD decomposition method, the secondary travelling wave signal is decomposed into such as following formula:
In formula, uL(t) forms of time and space of secondary travelling wave signal is indicated；rnIndicate survival function；c1, c2..., cnIndicate each first
IMF component.
3. voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step building forward modeling transmitting
Function model, including the following forward modeling transfer function model of building:
In formula, H is forward modeling transfer function model, s=j ω, UL(s) frequency domain form of secondary travelling wave signal is indicated, I (s) is indicated
Current signal on CVT ground line, M indicate that sensor mutual inductance, L indicate sensor self-induction, C0Indicate sensor stray electrical
Hold, RLIndicate that sampling resistor, r indicate sensor internal resistance.
4. voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step is according to the forward modeling
Transfer function model derives inverse model, comprising:
In conjunction with Wiener filtering inversion algorithm, inverse model is derived:
In formula, G (ω) is the frequency domain form of inverse model, and H (ω) indicates the frequency domain form of forward modeling transfer function model, H* (ω)
For the conjugation of H (ω)；PSIndicate the power spectrum of secondary travelling wave signal, PNIndicate the power spectrum of noise.
5. voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step is based on the inverting
Model carries out inverting to each first IMF component using Wiener filtering inversion algorithm, comprising steps of
It is brought into the inverse model after the secondary travelling wave signal is converted to frequency domain form:
In formula, Cj(ω) indicates the frequency domain form of each first IMF component, Xj(ω) indicates each after Wiener filtering inverting
The frequency domain form of 2nd IMF component.
6. voltage traveling wave accurate detecting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step is by each described
The synthesis of two IMF components, obtains travelling wave signal of inverting, comprising steps of
By each 2nd IMF component of obtained frequency domain form by discrete inverse Fourier transform, its real part is taken, when acquiring
3rd IMF component of domain form；
Each 3rd IMF component is superimposed, inverting primary voltage travelling wave signal is obtained.
7. a kind of voltage traveling wave accurate detection device characterized by comprising
Decomposing module, the secondary travelling wave signal for will acquire using EMD decomposition method are decomposed into the first IMF points of different frequency range
Amount；
Forward modeling module, for constructing forward modeling transfer function model；
Inverting module, for deriving inverse model according to the forward modeling transfer function model；It is utilized based on the inverse model
Wiener filtering inversion algorithm carries out inverting to each first IMF component, each 2nd IMF component after obtaining inverting；It will be each
A 2nd IMF component synthesis, obtains travelling wave signal of inverting.
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| CN113821978A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-21 | 长沙理工大学 | Traveling wave detection method and system based on improved step length LMS adaptive algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20190125 |