CN109270095A - A kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system - Google Patents
A kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging systems, the imaging system includes positioned at vertical direction and the opposite composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens II of reflecting surface, positioned at horizontal direction and the opposite composite sphere object lens III and composite sphere object lens IV and X-ray framing camera of reflecting surface；The reflecting surface of composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens II constitutes four KB mirror channels with the reflecting surface of composite sphere object lens III and composite sphere object lens IV respectively.By the X-ray framing camera with gating function, four KB mirror channel imaging times of pellet compression process and time interval are chosen.The imaging system is using KB mirror imaging space high resolution up to 2.5 μm ~ 5 μm of advantage, eliminate the influence of the visual field difference between imaging band greater than 10%, it can realize that the quasi- of high spatial resolution is imaged with optical axis four-way, has wide and important application prospect to entire ICF pellet implosion compression process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to x-ray imaging fields, and in particular to a kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system.
Background technique
Obtaining inertial confinement fusion (ICF) pellet implosion process high-space resolution time-varying X-ray image-forming information is further investigation
The basis of the careful physical processes such as implosion radiation ablation, centripetal driving and hot spot evolution and difficult point.This is because the high spatial
It differentiates varying information and has reacted the energy transports bring pellet fluids such as inertia force acting and Electron Heat Conduction, radiation thermal conduction
The temporal-spatial evolution situation of state, these evolution conditions will directly affect the success or failure of fusion igniting.Common X-ray time-varying imaging system
Including pin hole+framing camera, the bent crystal+framing camera and multichannel KB mirror+framing camera.
But above-mentioned imaging system has the following problems: 1, the spatial discrimination that current pin-hole imaging is capable of providing is at 10 μm
More than, for research size, only 30~60 μm of implosion hot spot evolution is obvious insufficient for this；2 and the bent crystal using paraxial
The principle of reflection, debris shield is more difficult, easy to damage, while the larger unsuitable extensive use of bent crystal press bending process difficulty of processing；3,
Although the spatial discrimination of multichannel KB mirror is high, 2.5 μm of resolution ratio can be reached in 100 μm of field ranges, however due to multichannel KB
The introduced visual field difference of biggish visual angle difference between each channel of mirror (the visual field difference up to 10% or more) is difficult to eliminate, this meeting
Bring the imaging results imageable target height in corresponding different channels in different time periods inconsistent, in other words pellet implosion when
Change process cannot observe.
Currently, it needs to develop a kind of imaging system suitable for observing ICF implosion process.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging systems.
ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention, its main feature is that, the imaging system includes being located at vertically
Direction and the opposite composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens II of reflecting surface, positioned at horizontal direction and reflecting surface is opposite answers
Close spherical surface object lens III and composite sphere object lens IV and X-ray framing camera；
Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens I are reflecting surface I and reflecting surface II；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens II are
Reflecting surface III and reflecting surface IV；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens III are reflecting surface V and reflecting surface VI；Composite sphere object
Two reflectings surface of mirror IV are reflecting surface VII and reflecting surface VIII；Implosion pellet is directly or indirectly to drive inertial confinement fusion ICF
Implosion pellet；
The vertically symmetrical face of the X-ray framing camera and composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens II it is vertically symmetrical
The vertically symmetrical face in face I and the vertically symmetrical face of composite sphere object lens III, composite sphere object lens IV is overlapped；
Single-layer metal film has been respectively coated on the reflecting surface I, reflecting surface II, reflecting surface III and reflecting surface IV；Described is anti-
Penetrate face V, narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film has been respectively coated on reflecting surface VII and reflecting surface VIII in reflecting surface VI；
The reflecting surface I of the composite sphere object lens I and the reflecting surface V of composite sphere object lens III constitute first
Kirkpatrick-Baze mirror channel, that is, KB mirror channel；The reflectings surface II of composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens IV it is anti-
It penetrates face VII and constitutes second KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface III of composite sphere object lens II and VI structure of reflecting surface of composite sphere object lens III
At third KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface IV of composite sphere object lens II and the reflecting surface VIII of composite sphere object lens IV constitute the 4th
KB mirror channel；
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I of the Implosion pellet and composite sphere object lens I, with Implosion pellet and composite sphere object
Angle theta between the line at the center of the reflecting surface IV of mirror II, i.e. two angle thetas of the KB mirror channel with respect to Implosion pellet, angle theta
For the maximum angle between four KB mirror channels, initial time, two introduced KB mirrors of angle theta are compressed in Implosion pellet implosion
Maximum field of view's disparity value between channel is less than the half of the spatial discrimination in each KB mirror channel.
Narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on the reflecting surface V is to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅠX penetrate
The X-ray multilayer film of line, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VII are to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅡX penetrate
The X-ray multilayer film of line, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VI are to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅢX penetrate
The X-ray multilayer film of line, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VIII are to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅣX penetrate
The X-ray multilayer film of line.
The energy band EⅠ, energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢWith energy band EⅣWidth be respectively less than and be equal to 0.5keV, energy
Band EⅠ, energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢWith energy band EⅣBetween interval be greater than 0.5keV.
The X-ray framing camera is 40 μm of magnitudes of spatial resolution, temporal resolution more than or equal to 70ps and is less than
X-ray framing camera equal to 100ps.
The course of work of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention is as follows:
Implosion pellet is the Implosion pellet for directly or indirectly driving inertial confinement fusion ICF, in Implosion pellet implosion compression process
In, the X-ray of Implosion pellet transmitting is incident on composite sphere object lens I along optical path I, optical path II, optical path III and optical path IV respectively
Reflecting surface I and reflecting surface II, composite sphere object lens II reflecting surface III and reflecting surface IV on, then reflex to composite sphere object respectively
The reflecting surface V of mirror III, the reflecting surface VII of composite sphere object lens IV, composite sphere object lens III reflecting surface VI and composite sphere object
The reflecting surface VIII of mirror IV, reflecting surface I and reflecting surface V intercept energy band EⅠX-ray, reflecting surface II and reflecting surface VII intercept energy
Amount band EⅡX-ray, reflecting surface III and VI energy of reflecting surface interception band EⅢX-ray, reflecting surface IV and reflecting surface VIII intercept energy
Amount band EⅣX-ray, in the Au micro-strip of X-ray framing camera respectively at it is single can as I, it is single can as II, it is single can be as III and single energy
As IV, can can can singly divide after the gate voltage pulse gate of X-ray framing camera as IV as III and list as II, list as I, list
It is not recorded in different time sections；So far, four 70~100ps periods are successively in the pellet implosion process of nanosecond time scales
It is strobed imaging, and is single energy picture, then the related physical feature of the process is continuously recorded.In addition, since KB mirror is imaged
Spatial discrimination is high, and up to 5 μm or so in 300 μm of field ranges, 100 μm of field ranges are interior up to 2.5 μm or so, thus the sky of single energy picture
Between differentiate it is high.Especially, the reflecting surface V of the reflecting surface I of composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens III constitutes first
Kirkpatrick-Baze mirror channel, that is, KB mirror channel；The reflectings surface II of composite sphere object lens I and composite sphere object lens IV it is anti-
It penetrates face VII and constitutes second KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface III of composite sphere object lens II and VI structure of reflecting surface of composite sphere object lens III
At third KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface IV of composite sphere object lens II and the reflecting surface VIII of composite sphere object lens IV constitute the 4th
KB mirror channel, four KB mirror channels can obtain four single energy pictures.
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I of Implosion pellet and composite sphere object lens I, with Implosion pellet and composite sphere object lens
With respect to the angle theta of Implosion pellet, angle theta is for angle theta between the line at the center of II reflecting surface IV, i.e. two KB mirror channels
Maximum angle between four KB mirror channels compresses initial time in Implosion pellet implosion, and two introduced KB mirrors of angle theta are logical
Maximum field of view's disparity value between road is less than the half of the spatial discrimination in each KB mirror channel, this method is known as standard
With optical axis method, the quasi- influence for making image device that there is this build-in attribute of spatial discrimination to bring visual field difference with optical axis method
It is eliminated, therefore four lists can be to discriminate between not open as corresponding target, that is to say, that four single energy are as being the same mesh
The high spatial resolution imaging of mark, i.e. pellet implosion process is really realized.
ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention is imaged for pellet implosion compression process high spatial resolution
Research Requirements, using KB mirror imaging space high resolution up to 2.5 μm ~ 5 μm of advantage, while use in the imaging of KB mirror plunder into
The advantages of penetrating the easy shielding target practice fragment that off axis reflector principle has eliminates between imaging band up to 10% or more visual field
The influence of difference can compress whole process to ICF pellet implosion and realize that the time-varying list energy four-way of high spatial resolution is imaged.This
The ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of invention has wide and important application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention；
In figure, 1. Implosion pellet, 2. composite sphere object lens, I 3. composite sphere object lens, II 4. composite sphere object lens III 5. are compound
II 9. reflecting surface of spherical surface object lens IV 6. X-ray framing camera, 7. reflecting surface, I 8. reflecting surface, III 10. reflecting surface IV 11. is anti-
Penetrating face V 12. reflecting surface, VI 13. reflecting surface, VII 14. reflecting surface VIII 15. singly can be as II 16. lists can be as I 17. single energy
As IV 18. lists can be as III.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention includes being located at vertical direction and reflecting surface phase
Pair composite sphere object lens I 2 and composite sphere object lens II 3, positioned at horizontal direction and the opposite composite sphere object lens III 4 of reflecting surface
With composite sphere object lens IV 5 and X-ray framing camera 6；
Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens I 2 are reflecting surface I 7 and reflecting surface II 8；Two reflections of composite sphere object lens II 3
Face is reflecting surface III 9 and reflecting surface IV 10；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens III 4 are reflecting surface V 11 and reflecting surface VI
12；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens IV 5 are reflecting surface VII 13 and reflecting surface VIII 14；Implosion pellet 1 is directly or indirectly
Drive the Implosion pellet of inertial confinement fusion ICF；
The vertically symmetrical face of the X-ray framing camera 6 and composite sphere object lens I 2 and composite sphere object lens II 3 it is vertical right
The vertically symmetrical face in title face I and the vertically symmetrical face of composite sphere object lens III 4, composite sphere object lens IV 5 is overlapped；
Single-layer metal film has been respectively coated on the reflecting surface I 7, reflecting surface II 8, reflecting surface III 9 and reflecting surface IV 10；It is described
Reflecting surface V 11, narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film has been respectively coated on reflecting surface VII 13 and reflecting surface VIII 14 in reflecting surface VI 12；
The reflecting surface I 7 of the composite sphere object lens I 2 and the reflecting surface V 11 of composite sphere object lens III 4 constitute first
Kirkpatrick-Baze mirror channel, that is, KB mirror channel；The reflectings surface II 8 of composite sphere object lens I 2 and composite sphere object lens IV 5
Reflecting surface VII 13 constitutes second KB mirror channel；The reflectings surface III 9 of composite sphere object lens II 3 and composite sphere object lens III 4 it is anti-
It penetrates face VI 12 and constitutes third KB mirror channel；The reflection of the reflecting surface IV 10 and composite sphere object lens IV 5 of composite sphere object lens II 3
Face VIII 14 constitutes the 4th KB mirror channel；
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I 7 of the Implosion pellet 1 and composite sphere object lens I 2, with Implosion pellet 1 and composite balls
Angle theta between the line at the center of the reflecting surface IV 10 of face object lens II 3, i.e. folder of the two KB mirror channels with respect to Implosion pellet 1
Angle θ, angle theta are the maximum angle between four KB mirror channels, compress initial time in 1 implosion of Implosion pellet, angle theta is introduced
Two KB mirror channels between maximum field of view's disparity value be less than each KB mirror channel spatial discrimination half.
Narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on the reflecting surface V 11 is to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅠX
The X-ray multilayer film of ray, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VII 13 are to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅡ
X-ray X-ray multilayer film, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VI 12 is to intercept energy band according to Bragg diffraction principle
EⅢX-ray X-ray multilayer film, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VIII 14 is to intercept energy according to Bragg diffraction principle
Band EⅣX-ray X-ray multilayer film.
The energy band EⅠ, energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢWith energy band EⅣWidth be respectively less than and be equal to 0.5keV, energy
Band EⅠ, energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢWith energy band EⅣBetween interval be greater than 0.5keV.
The X-ray framing camera 6 is 40 μm of magnitudes of spatial resolution, temporal resolution more than or equal to 70ps and is less than
X-ray framing camera equal to 100ps.
Embodiment 1
Implosion pellet 1 described in the present embodiment is the Implosion pellet of driving inertial confinement fusion ICF indirectly；The reflecting surface
I 7, the material of reflecting surface II 8, the single-layer metal film coated on reflecting surface III 9 and reflecting surface IV 10 is molybdenum, iron, copper and manganese respectively；
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I 7 of the Implosion pellet 1 and composite sphere object lens I 2, with Implosion pellet 1 and composite sphere object
Angle theta between the line at the center of the reflecting surface IV 10 of mirror II 3, i.e. two KB mirror channels with respect to Implosion pellet 1 angle theta,
Angle theta is that the maximum angle between four KB mirror channels is 0.9 °, compresses initial time in 1 implosion of Implosion pellet, angle theta is drawn
The maximum field of view's disparity value between two KB mirror channels entered is, this is less than each KB mirror channel
2.5 μm of half of spatial discrimination.In addition, considering 30~60 μ m in size, angle theta for pellet implosion hot spot state
Maximum field of view's disparity value between four introduced KB mirror channels is 0.47 μm, this is also less than each KB mirror channel view
1.25 μm of half of spatial discrimination in 100 μ m of field center；Due to spatial discrimination, this build-in attribute brings four
Each data point is one-to-one in a single energy image planes, thus visual field difference can significantly affecting as consistency on four lists
(more than 10%) is eliminated, therefore can be realized high-space resolution standard and be imaged with the optical axis.Here the object distance of this imaging system is
300mm, amplification factor are 15 times, and the size of KB mirror list mirror is in 5 × 5mm or so.The energy band EⅠFor 4.2 ±
0.25keV, energy band EⅡFor 6 ± 0.25keV, energy band EⅢFor 8 ± 0.25keV and energy band EⅣFor 12 ± 0.25keV；It is described
X-ray framing camera 6 be 40 μm of magnitudes of spatial resolution, temporal resolution 75ps X-ray framing camera.
Here an explanation is carried out for eliminating the necessity of visual field difference, with China's God Light III host large laser dress
For the eight channel KB mirrors imaging set, eight channel KB mirror interchannel subtense angles are 5.4 °, and pellet radius is 150 μm, then by this
Single-ended maximum field of view's disparity value that visual angle difference introduces is 14.13 μm, about the 9.42% of pellet radius, on this basis
Consider that temperature, the inhomogeneities of Density Distribution in pellet implosion process imaging viewing field disparity, visual field difference will simultaneously
Significantly more than 10%.
Referring to the course of work of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system of the invention above-mentioned, it can be seen that the present invention
For pellet implosion compression process high-space resolution imaging Research Requirements, using KB mirror imaging space high resolution up to 2.5 μm ~ 5 μ
The advantage of m, while eliminate visual field difference between imaging band significantly affects that (influence of existing imaging band visual field difference is greater than
10%) high-space resolution standard is imaged with optical axis four-way, to be realized to entire ICF pellet implosion compression process, is had wide and important
Application prospect.
Embodiment 2
Implosion pellet 1 described in the present embodiment is the Implosion pellet for directly driving inertial confinement fusion ICF；The reflecting surface
I 7, the material of reflecting surface II 8, the single-layer metal film coated on reflecting surface III 9 and reflecting surface IV 10 is gold, molybdenum, copper and tungsten respectively；
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I 7 of the Implosion pellet 1 and composite sphere object lens I 2, with Implosion pellet 1 and composite sphere object
Angle theta between the line at the center of the reflecting surface IV 10 of mirror II 3, i.e. two KB mirror channels with respect to Implosion pellet 1 angle theta,
Angle theta is that the maximum angle between four KB mirror channels is 0.7 °, compresses initial time in 1 implosion of Implosion pellet, angle theta is drawn
The maximum field of view's disparity value between two KB mirror channels entered is, this is less than each KB mirror channel
2.5 μm of half of spatial discrimination.In addition, considering 30~60 μ m in size, angle theta for pellet implosion hot spot state
Maximum field of view's disparity value between four introduced KB mirror channels is 0.37 μm, this is also less than each KB mirror channel view
1.25 μm of half of spatial discrimination in 100 μ m of field center；Due to spatial discrimination, this build-in attribute brings four
Each data point is one-to-one in a single energy image planes, thus visual field difference can significantly affecting as consistency on four lists
(more than 10%) is eliminated, therefore can be realized high-space resolution standard and be imaged with the optical axis.Here the object distance of this imaging system is
400mm, amplification factor are 18 times, and the size of KB mirror list mirror is in 5 × 5mm or so.The energy band EⅠFor 3.5 ±
0.25keV, energy band EⅡFor 4.2 ± 0.25keV, energy band EⅢFor 8 ± 0.25keV and energy band EⅣFor 16 ± 0.25keV；Institute
The X-ray framing camera 6 stated is the X-ray framing camera of 40 μm of magnitudes of spatial resolution, temporal resolution 90ps.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field
Those of ordinary skill disclosed the technical disclosures can make according to the present invention and various not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific variations and combinations of kind, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of ICF implosion process four-way imaging system, it is characterised in that: the imaging system includes being located at vertical direction
And composite sphere object lens I (2) and composite sphere object lens II (3) that reflecting surface is opposite, positioned at horizontal direction and reflecting surface it is opposite
Composite sphere object lens III (4) and composite sphere object lens IV (5) and X-ray framing camera (6)；
Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens I (2) are reflecting surface I (7) and reflecting surface II (8)；Composite sphere object lens II (3)
Two reflectings surface are reflecting surface III (9) and reflecting surface IV (10)；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens III (4) are reflecting surface V
(11) and reflecting surface VI (12)；Two reflectings surface of composite sphere object lens IV (5) are reflecting surface VII (13) and reflecting surface VIII (14)；
Implosion pellet (1) is the Implosion pellet for directly or indirectly driving inertial confinement fusion ICF；
The vertically symmetrical face of the X-ray framing camera (6) and composite sphere object lens I (2) and composite sphere object lens II (3)
The vertically symmetrical face weight in vertically symmetrical face I and the vertically symmetrical face of composite sphere object lens III (4), composite sphere object lens IV (5)
It closes；
Single layer of gold has been respectively coated on the reflecting surface I (7), reflecting surface II (8), reflecting surface III (9) and reflecting surface IV (10)
Belong to film；It has been respectively coated on the reflecting surface V (11), reflecting surface VI (12), reflecting surface VII (13) and reflecting surface VIII (14) narrow
Energy band X-ray multilayer film；
The reflecting surface V (11) of the reflectings surface I (7) of the composite sphere object lens I (2) and composite sphere object lens III (4) constitutes the
One Kirkpatrick-Baze mirror channel, that is, KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface II (8) and composite sphere of composite sphere object lens I (2)
The reflecting surface VII (13) of object lens IV (5) constitutes second KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface III (9) of composite sphere object lens II (3) and multiple
The reflecting surface VI (12) for closing spherical surface object lens III (4) constitutes third KB mirror channel；The reflecting surface IV of composite sphere object lens II (3)
(10) and the reflecting surface VIII (14) of composite sphere object lens IV (5) constitutes the 4th KB mirror channel；
The line at the center of the reflecting surface I (7) of the Implosion pellet (1) and composite sphere object lens I (2), with Implosion pellet (1)
Angle theta between the line at the center of the reflecting surface IV (10) of composite sphere object lens II (3), i.e. two KB mirror channels are relatively interior
The angle theta of quick-fried pellet (1), angle theta are the maximum angle between four KB mirror channels, initial in Implosion pellet (1) implosion compression
Moment, maximum field of view's disparity value between two introduced KB mirror channels of angle theta are less than the space in each KB mirror channel
The half of resolution.
2. ICF implosion process four-way imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the reflecting surface V
(11) the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on is to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅠX-ray X-ray multilayer film, reflection
Narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on face VII (13) is to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅡX-ray X-ray multilayer film,
Narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VI (12) is to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅢX-ray X-ray it is more
Tunic, the narrow energy band X-ray multilayer film on reflecting surface VIII (14) are to intercept energy band E according to Bragg diffraction principleⅣX-ray X
Light multilayer film.
3. ICF implosion process four-way imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the energy band EⅠ、
Energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢWith energy band EⅣWidth be respectively less than and be equal to 0.5keV, energy band EⅠ, energy band EⅡ, energy band EⅢ
With energy band EⅣBetween interval be greater than 0.5keV.
4. ICF implosion process four-way imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the X-ray framing
Camera (6) is 40 μm of magnitudes of spatial resolution, temporal resolution more than or equal to 70ps and less than or equal to the X-ray framing of 100ps
Camera.
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| CN113741137B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-08-29 | 同济大学 | X-ray optical imaging system with high resolution and high monochromaticity |
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