CN109268835A - A kind of stove for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy - Google Patents
A kind of stove for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268835A CN109268835A CN201811086672.3A CN201811086672A CN109268835A CN 109268835 A CN109268835 A CN 109268835A CN 201811086672 A CN201811086672 A CN 201811086672A CN 109268835 A CN109268835 A CN 109268835A
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- spiral casing
- outer spiral
- side wall
- high temperature
- bottom plate
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stoves for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, including low temperature gasification room and snail cavity type high temperature combustors；Combustion gas boundling mouth is arranged in the furnace body of low temperature gasification room；The furnace body of high temperature combustors includes outer spiral casing top cover, outer spiral casing side wall, outer spiral casing bottom plate, air mixer and torch ejiction opening, air mixer is vertically set in the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate, and fuel oil mechanism of qi and the fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler with the mating installation of fuel oil mechanism of qi are arranged on outer spiral casing side wall；Low temperature gasification room is connect by combustion gas boundling mouth and air mixer with high temperature combustors；The furnace body of high temperature combustors further includes that the component for constituting snail intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region is combined together with the outer spiral casing top cover, outer spiral casing side wall and outer spiral casing bottom plate.Low temperature gasification room provides low decomposition level combustion gas stream to high temperature combustors, and second speed of igniting under infrared optical heat radiation reaches 1000~1500 DEG C of progress decomposition combustions.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to thermal energy conversion and environmental protection technical fields, and in particular to one kind is used for high molecular waste thermal energy
The stove of conversion.
Background technique:
Common macromolecular organic pollutant is derived mainly from production and life: (1) the numerous and jumbled high molecular waste of type
Or organic pollutant, such as solid, liquid state and sticky state high molecular waste: plastics, rubber, paint, ink, albumen, fat,
Cellulose, lignite, peat, asphalitine；Multiring aromatic hydrocarbon, landing oil, foots oil, High water cut greasy filth；And copper aluminium rubber and plastic electricity
Line, enameled wire, optical cable, electronic circuit board, CD, tape, film, aluminium foil compound packaging material, sprayed metal coating etc., via low
The rich carbon black ionic state height volatilization diffusivity combustion gas stream that warm vaporizer provides；(2) coking of coal furnace or (semi-coke) carbonization at low temperature furnace, second
The billowing high volatile organic pollutant of alkynes furnace, carbon black furnace, cashew nut shell preparing active carbon furnace, black smoke；(3) different component, no
With the coal bed gas of concentration, shale gas, coal mine gas；(4) organic chemical industry, petrochemical industry, medication chemistry, Jatropha curcas oil, palm
Oily, organic spraying, painting workshop, Yun Chao factory of printing house, epoxy resin composite material factory, electrolysis anode and cathode and asphalt modification
The organic contamination of the generations such as workshop, the dry baking room of organic matter, (metal, inorganic and organic high molecular polymer) Hot-cleaning machine
Gas；(5) High water cuts such as greasy filth sewage farm, garbage loading embeading, city sewer, sewage treatment plant, farm, slaughterhouse
Organic pollutant, the contour volatilization diffusivity gas of high-speed cutting workshop coolant liquid aerosol；(6) waste incinerator is incomplete
The macromolecular organic gas of burning；(7) civil administration cremator and town and country pet corpse incinerate the dense black smoke generated, volatility
Organic odoriferous and the volatile coal tar of underground flue median year accumulation etc..
Ground state, the kind of high molecular waste are numerous and jumbled, and the batch ingredients of each furnace investment are all changing, can not be by furnace one by one
Analyze its molecular structure, in actual operation, or even can not its gas production of Accurate Prediction and calorific capacity, can only be by currently being burnt
The states of matter of material is burnt, to determine the method for operation of vaporizer and combustion chamber.The thermal energy of solid, liquid gaseous state high molecular waste is transformed
Journey, necessarily gas-phase space present ionic state decomposition combustion thermotonus and hydrokinetic propagation process.In other words
It says, it is actually also necessarily exactly full gas phase that solid, liquid phase high molecular waste, which fires the gasification reaction and high-temp combustion reaction process of matter,
Space reaction process.Upstream low temperature gasification process handles well, is directly related to the decomposition combustion of next step high temperature gas-phase space
It heats up water flat.
The gas phase variation of organic matter is slower under room temperature, and high molecular polymer about just has organic matter to start point at 100 DEG C
It solves, has different chain links decomposition gasification successively under different temperatures grade.No matter the polymer of which kind of ground state, with solid rubber
For: as long as absorbing Carbureted heat energy begins to cracking reaction, ionic hydrocarbon its gaseous state first since solid material edge
Variation develops this gasification reaction is broken by a small amount of chain link in part from low-temperature decomposition to pyrolytic.
And combustion gas stream caused by the high molecular wastes such as polymer containing ignition-proof element, in >=850 DEG C of cracking temperatures
Under, still cannot complete decomposition combustion, residual organic molecule can because flue-gas temperature decline regroup.Educational circles tests at present
Prove: the temperature of its abundant decomposition combustion reaction should be at 1000 DEG C of > or more.Therefore such low decomposition level macromolecular combustion gas
Stream, how second speed reaches is decomposed to greatest extent, and can stablize burning 1000~1500 DEG C of high-temperature regions, this is that current rubbish is burnt
Burn one of the problem that the high molecular waste combustion technology that industrial circle faces must capture.The C-H bond of high molecular waste is in low temperature
During vaporizer low-temperature decomposition, the common unordered volatilization of the carbon black of solid separation and the macromolecular gas not yet decomposed completely
Diffusion causes " black smoke is billowing ", and therefore " ionic state combustion gas stream " is really a kind of " the solid of rich carbon black, gas two phase flow ".
In China's conventional garbage incineration technology, with fuel oil mechanism of qi into imperfect combustion flame combustion-supporting ' secondary of oil spout gas
Burning ' method lasting for years；Just be surging forward FLOX flameless combustion combustion system, MILD combustion system and matched accumulation of heat
The products such as furnace, high temperature air furnace are widely used in Industrial Stoves and civil currently in fields such as coal, stalk, heavy oil, natural gases
Life.
The present invention from traditional product design since 850 DEG C ± at a temperature of can't complete decomposition combustion, then by gas
Change room function and combustion chamber function draws a clear its temperature limit, i.e., is fired in 800 DEG C or less low temperature gasifications and being greater than 1000 DEG C of high temperature
Boiler flow field between burning draws a channel temp regulations and parameters, sets the technical threshold between one of low temperature gasification and high-temp combustion.This
Road technical threshold is exactly: by the unburnt problem of low temperature, shirking transfer high temperature combustors to completely, to allow low temperature gas
Change technology frees hand to, and profession converts low temperature gasification link as thermal energy, better solves the product that low temperature gasification room must cope with
The states of matter for the high molecular waste that kind is numerous and jumbled, ground state component is changeable and the subsumption problem of compound physical property are (common in production and living
High molecular waste can substantially divide and be summarized as solid-state (point soft, hard)；Liquid, high volatile liquid；Solid and liquid mixing
State, so that solid, liquid has volatile mixed state simultaneously；Sticky state, sticky volatilization state；Metal, nonmetallic physical property material and high score
The compound states of matter of sub- material).This part of low temperature gasification room had applied for patent.
High temperature combustors of the present invention accept the different component that low temperature gasification room provides, temperature, " low point deep or light, moisture content
The horizontal rich carbon black ionic state macromolecular height volatilization diffusivity combustion gas stream of solution ", strides into this one of technical threshold of high-temp combustion, needs to solve
Certainly two hang-up: (1) second speed reaches 1000 DEG C of > or more high-temperature region decomposition combustions to greatest extent；(2) second speed anchoring volatilization diffusion
Property.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of stoves for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, not only make macromolecule useless
Object completely burned in thermal energy conversion process, and can the volatilization diffusion of second speed.
The purpose of the present invention is by the following technical programs to solve: a kind of for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy
Stove, including low temperature gasification room and snail cavity type high temperature combustors；The furnace body of low temperature gasification room is provided with combustion gas boundling mouth；It is high
The furnace body of warm combustion chamber includes that outer spiral casing top cover, outer spiral casing side wall, outer spiral casing bottom plate, air mixer and torch spray
Mouthful, air mixer is vertically set on the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate, be provided on outer spiral casing side wall fuel oil mechanism of qi and with combustion
The fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler of the mating installation of oil gas machine；Low temperature gasification room passes through combustion gas boundling mouth and air mixer
It is connect with high temperature combustors；The furnace body of high temperature combustors further includes and the outer spiral casing top cover, outer spiral casing side wall and outer spiral casing
Bottom plate is combined together the component for constituting snail intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region.
It further, is the bell of bell shape at the top of the furnace body of low temperature gasification room, combustion gas boundling mouth is located at the top of bell,
The feeding door of waste is provided in the middle part of furnace body；Vaporizer detection mouth is provided with above feeding door；Positioned at feeding door opposite side
On furnace shell wall, and corresponding feeding door cross central line is arranged below the U-shaped inclined chute for tilting down 20 °~30 °, inclined chute
Inside it is provided with stirring bar；Fire grate is set at inclined chute outlet at bottom；The setting of inclined chute bottom has the cinder chamber of lime-ash door；
Cinder chamber bottom is provided with air supply tube；Furnace body is additionally provided with heating equipment.
Further, the air mixer include: premixer outer cover, it is premixer inner ring cylinder, step square tube, different
Diameter circumference pipe and air-supply round tube, the premixer inner ring cylinder is located inside premixer outer cover, and is uniformly distributed on barrel
There is a millimeter fraction air holes, one end of the step square tube is connect with premixer outer cover, the major diameter of the other end and reducing circumference pipe
Port connection, air-supply round tube are connect with the path port of reducing circumference pipe；The premixer outer cover and premixer inner ring
One end of cylinder is equipped with annulus cover board, and the other end is by there is the flange of positioning spigot to connect with outer spiral casing bottom plate, junction setting
There is heat-insulating washer.
Further, the millimeter fraction air holes is circular hole, square hole or inclined hole, and the lateral shaft with premixer inner ring cylinder
There is certain angle.
Further, fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler includes cooler outer cover and the abnormity that is mounted on cooler outer cover
Air supply tube, cooler are connect by cooler upper flange with the pedestal of fuel oil mechanism of qi, and cooler lower flange and outer spiral casing side are passed through
Wall connection, junction are provided with heat-insulating washer, and fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca is located in cooler outer cover.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) high/low temperature of the present invention matches, and the carbon black of low temperature gasification room solid separation is along with ionic state macromolecular gas
The volatilization diffusivity of group transfers high temperature combustors to by the control of combustion gas boundling mouth；High temperature combustors furnace body is in simple structure
Hardware is constituted, infrared optical heat radiation focused condition and middle pressure power cyclone ring condition, not only makes have unique second speed high in furnace
Warm decomposition combustion, the high volatilization diffusivity of second speed anchoring, and calorific capacity, burn-off rate rank and the environment protection emission grade of thermal energy conversion
Not, a rank is all improved.
(2) low temperature gasification room becomes the high molecular waste of full gas-phase space operation by connecting operation with high temperature combustors
Incinerator series thermal energy, environment-friendly products.
(3) low temperature gasification room and high temperature combustors are used cooperatively, and have avoided conventional boiler two, three backhaul flames completely；Combustion
The process of air-flow shortens；Middle pressure power level rotary flow ring stablizes burning in low-pressure fuel gas input, furnace, noiseless to light, is dynamic without combustion shock
Detonation harm, until spray high temperature torch, securely and reliably；Completely, inorganic powder dust quantity is small for carbon black granules burning.
(4) transmission of the low temperature gasification room stirring bar instead of complicated garbage incinerator fire grate or the rotary kiln of difficult sealing
Machinery reduces the volume of furnace body；The snail cavity volume of high temperature combustors is small, easy to manufacture.
(5) it is different from " second-time burning " combustion-supporting to imperfect combustion flame oil spout gas, snail chamber of the present invention is resistance to using full hall
Fiery material or the design of high temperature resistant infrared radiation coating, fuel vapor machine immediately exits from after being preheated with fuel oil mechanism of qi, so that it may
Continuous operation, oil gas energy consumption are only limitted to this, therefore it is very low to consume hydrocarbon cost.
(6) driving nozzles such as the used eddy flow pressurized nozzle of flameless combustion technology or daraf(reciprocal of farad) that (are milli on Vehicles Collected from Market
Meter level aperture), the fuel such as fuel oil, natural gas, coal dust are sprayed into combustion chamber, are directly carried out with the air for spraying into combustion chamber simultaneously
Premixing；Or with coal dust, fuel gas and air, respectively via the tap hole of discoid porous ceramic plate, spray into simultaneously
Flameless combuster be pre-mixed.The present invention and above-mentioned difference, air mixer centered vertical installation of the invention are empty
Gas is spurted into the inner ring of premixer inner ring cylinder from the tap hole on vertical premixer inner ring cylinder barrel, and combustion gas stream is vertical
Entered in the inner ring of premixer inner ring cylinder by combustion gas stream input port, carries out air pre-mixing conjunction, what air mixer was formed
Cylindric black smoke billows combustion gas stream, burns by the cyclone ring pyrolytic of snail cavity space, obtains high-temp combustion torch, high temperature
Thermal energy torch can be docked and be carried out thermal energy utilization with dry back or wet back heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the type of furnace main view of single outer spiral casing wall of embodiment 1, horizontal torch ejiction opening.
Fig. 2 is the type of furnace top view of single outer spiral casing wall of embodiment 1, horizontal torch ejiction opening.
Fig. 3 is the type of furnace main view of double outer spiral casing walls of embodiment 2, vertical torch ejiction opening.
Fig. 4 is the type of furnace top view of double outer spiral casing walls of embodiment 2, vertical torch ejiction opening.
Fig. 5 is the main view of air mixer.
Fig. 6 is the top view of air mixer.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler.
Fig. 8 is the low temperature gasification room main view that heating equipment is coal faggot combustion chamber.
Fig. 9 is the low temperature gasification room side view that heating equipment is coal faggot combustion chamber.
Figure 10 is the low temperature gasification room main view that heater is installed on furnace shell wall side wall and corresponding inclined chute slot bottom position.
Figure 11 is the low temperature gasification room side view that heater is installed on furnace shell wall side wall and corresponding inclined chute slot bottom position.
Figure 12 is that heater is set to the low temperature gasification room main view in furnace shell wall outer wall interlayer.
Figure 13 is that heater is set to the low temperature gasification room side view in furnace shell wall outer wall interlayer.
Description of symbols: 1 outer spiral casing top cover, 2 outer spiral casing side walls, 3 outer spiral casing bottom plates, 4 air mixers, 5 fuel oils
Mechanism of qi, 6 peep holes, 7 detection mouths, 8 hand holes, 9 manholes, 10 torch ejiction openings, 11 single firebreaks, 12 combustion gas stream input ports, in 13
Spiral case lid, 14 inner spiral casing side walls, 15 premixer outer covers, 16 premixer inner ring cylinders, 17 step square tubes, 18 reducings circumference pipe,
There are the flange of positioning spigot, 23 heat-insulating washers, 24 coolers in 19 air-supply round tubes, 20 millimeters of fraction air holes, 21 annulus cover boards, 22
Outer cover, 25 special-shaped air supply tubes, 26 cooler upper flanges, the pedestal of 27 fuel oil mechanisms of qi, 28 cooler lower flanges, 29 fuel oil mechanisms of qi
Bocca, the bell of 30 bell shapes, 31 combustion gas boundling mouths, 32 furnace shell walls, the feeding door of 33 wastes, 34 inclined chutes, 35 fire grates
Son, 36 cinder chamber, 37 lime-ash doors, 38 air supply tubes, 39 coal faggot combustion chambers, 40 coal faggots investment door, 41 stirring bars, 42 heating
Device, 43 vaporizer detection mouths.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Embodiment 1:
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, high temperature combustors are the type of furnace of single outer spiral casing wall, horizontal torch ejiction opening, high temperature combustors
Furnace body includes outer spiral casing top cover 1, outer spiral casing side wall 2, outer spiral casing bottom plate 3, air mixer 4 and torch ejiction opening 10, sky
Gas premixer 4 is vertically set on the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate 3, be provided on the outer spiral casing side wall 2 fuel oil mechanism of qi 5, with
Fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler, peep hole 6, detection mouth 7, hand hole 8 and the manhole 9 of the mating installation of fuel oil mechanism of qi, the torch
Ejiction opening 10 is horizontally installed on outer spiral casing side wall 2, and the furnace body of high temperature combustors further includes single firebreak 11, single firebreak
11 are arranged between air mixer 4 and torch ejiction opening 10, and the upper end of single firebreak 11 is connect with outer spiral casing top cover 1,
Lower end is connect with outer spiral casing bottom plate 3, and single firebreak 11 is incorporated in outer spiral casing top cover 1, outer spiral casing side wall 2 and outer spiral casing bottom plate 3
The intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone of snail and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region are constituted together.
Fig. 8 to Figure 13 gives the low temperature gasification room of design, is the bell of bell shape at the top of the furnace body of low temperature gasification room
30, combustion gas boundling mouth 31 is located at the top of bell, and the feeding door 33 of waste is provided in the middle part of furnace body；It is arranged above feeding door 33
There is vaporizer detection mouth 43；On the furnace shell wall 32 of 33 opposite side of feeding door, and below the cross central line of corresponding feeding door 33
It is provided with and tilts down 20 °~30 ° of U-shaped inclined chute 34, be provided with stirring bar 41 in inclined chute 34；34 bottom of inclined chute
Fire grate 35 is arranged in exit；The setting of inclined chute bottom has the cinder chamber 36 of lime-ash door 37；36 bottom of cinder chamber, which is provided with, to be sent
Air hose 38；Furnace body is provided with heating equipment.Vaporizer detection mouth 43 is for carrying out temperature detection, intake detection, pressure
Detection and combustion gas boundling mouth flow rate detection.
As illustrated in figs. 8-9, the heating equipment of low temperature gasification room can be coal faggot combustion chamber 39, coal faggot combustion chamber
39 are located on the side wall of the furnace body furnace shell wall 32 of 34 lower end of inclined chute；The side wall of coal faggot combustion chamber 39 is provided with coal faggot
Put into door 40.
The heating equipment of low temperature gasification room may be heater 42, and as shown in figs. 10-11, heater 42 is installed on
The position of furnace shell wall side wall and corresponding 34 slot bottom of inclined chute, corresponding heater are electric heater, oil-burning machine or gas engine；Or
As shown in Figure 12-Figure 13, heater 42 is set in the interlayer of furnace shell wall outer wall, and corresponding heater can be electric heating member device
Part, water vapour comb, hot water comb, hot wind comb or waste hot gas comb.
The step of being burnt using the high temperature combustors of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and the low temperature gasification room of Fig. 8 to Figure 13 are as follows:
Step 1: the combustion gas stream input port 12 and low temperature gasification room that high temperature combustors are passed through into 4 bottom of air mixer
Combustion gas boundling mouth 31 connect, to realize that low temperature gasification room is connect with high temperature combustors of the present invention, full gas phase is provided and runs sky
Between.
Step 2: before high temperature combustors continuous operation, the snail of all round victory outside line optical heat radiation is given using fuel oil mechanism of qi 5
Chamber carry out preheating be heated to infrared temperature (preheating, which is heated to infrared temperature, can make low decomposition level combustion gas stream, second speed reaches >
1000 DEG C of pyrolytic burning conditions), fuel oil mechanism of qi 5 is closed in time after reaching infrared temperature, in order to avoid burn out fuel oil mechanism of qi 5.Make
During with fuel oil mechanism of qi 5, by fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler, (Fig. 7 is the knot of fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler
Structure schematic diagram) cool down to fuel oil mechanism of qi 5, it prevents from burning out oil gas machine bocca 29 because of high temperature continuous operation.
The step of closing fuel oil mechanism of qi 5: step 1 is manually or mechanically driven, by fuel oil mechanism of qi 5 together with fuel oil mechanism of qi flame
Mouth cooler is exited from the mounting hole of outer spiral casing side wall 2 completely together；Step 2 is manually or mechanically driven and uses this mounting hole
The taper shape " plug " of refractory material production blocks, it can prevents combustion gas stream or flame flow from leaking.
Cavity position after exiting using fuel oil mechanism of qi 5 is used as Secondary Air entrance, and available air blower tune
The total intake for saving snail chamber, reaching reduces nox effect.Fuel oil mechanism of qi 5 of the present invention is centrally mounted on outer spiral casing side wall 2, non-spy
Different situation cannot change the design requirement of its centered vertical installation.
Step 3: operation low temperature gasification room, make low temperature gasification room to high temperature combustors provide different component, temperature, it is deep or light,
The low decomposition level richness carbon black ionic state combustion gas stream of moisture content.
The present invention, by three principle of low temperature gasification, is determined low according to the states of matter of high molecular waste and its physical property of compound
The type of furnace of warm vaporizer.Three principle of low temperature gasification specifically:
1. low temperature principle:
A, when the temperature of vaporizer is lower than 600 DEG C, the combustion gas stream of low decomposition level there is no apparent infrared light to reflect, this
Even if when there is local ion state gas to meet oxygen burning flame, macromolecular volatilization diffusivity combustion gas stream sweeps along rich carbon in vaporizer
Black particle is covered by billowing black smoke.
If b, will gasification room temperature rise to 850 DEG C ±, obvious infrared light is had in vaporizer and is seen, but its
Light, caloradiance are still not enough to that certain complete decomposition combustions of macromolecular air mass can be made, and certain residual organic molecules exist in flue gas
Harmful pollutant can be also aggregated into again in volatilization diffusion.It is thus impossible to which the low temperature of this high molecular waste is not exclusively fired
It burns, is eager to be defined as ' evil of the going out decrement ' of environmental protection.Be related to high molecular waste physics burning thermal hardware, it is necessary to further along across
More major step, the flameless combustion for the grade that reaches a high temperature could become the other environmental protection of high level-one and go out harmful Decrement Technique.
C, the high molecular waste of different ground state has different gasification initial temperatures, only if it were not for for the speed that gasifies that covets
Rate and deliberately improve gasification temperature, respectively reasonable low temperature gasification temperature range can be set completely, such as 100~200 DEG C,
The temperature range of 200~300 DEG C, 300~400 DEG C, 400~500 DEG C, 500~600 DEG C several class carries out preferably, best
The regulation of low temperature gasification temperature should be within the scope of ± 10 DEG C of set temperature, and best low temperature gasification temperature is not preferably greater than
600℃。
2. hypoxemia principle: oxygen supply be burning necessary condition, but for low decomposition level combustion gas stream reach 850 DEG C ±
When, if being also further continued for excessively supplying oxygen, it will cause not decompose completely and aggravate with low temperature imperfect combustion, keep organic pollutant residual
Allowance increases；The excessive air feed oxygenation of vaporizer, the air pre-mixing that also will have a direct impact on next step high-temp combustion close power effect.
3. low pressure principle: such as soft waste plastic, about 1 ㎡ of quality about 275~330kg ≈ volume of scrap rubber；Hard gives up phenol
For urea formaldehyde or polyethylene board containing ignition-proof element: the calorific capacity ≈ II of homogenous quantities high molecular waste thermal energy conversion overall process
1.5.~2.1 times of class bituminous coal (low heat value)；Its exhaust gas volumn is estimated with this combustion heat value --- 1/3 high molecular waste
The volume of burning waste gas, 2/3 high molecular waste low temperature gasification combustion gas stream volume of about >.
If this ratio continues to increase, air-inflated pressure is also increased with it in vaporizer, can be low to intentionally getting
The next step air pre-mixing conjunction of decomposition level combustion gas stream causes trouble, and has an impact to further high temperature flameless combustion.
As set forth above, it is possible to referring to the high molecular waste related physical quantity of the example above, specified low temperature gasification room furnace body
Volume, and reserved certain adjust space；Determine the diameter of combustion gas stream boundling mouth 31；Frequency modulation and voltage modulation is selected to air supply tube 38
It can good air blower or wind pressure control valve.
Step 4: high temperature combustors start continuous operation, different component that low temperature gasification room provides, temperature, deep or light, aqueous
The low decomposition level richness carbon black ionic state combustion gas stream of rate, with hundred pa grade low pressure wind speed through 10 centimeters or more of combustion gas boundling mouth 31
Then the combustion gas stream of the linear orientation of boundling enters in the inner ring of premixer inner ring cylinder 16 (figure by combustion gas stream input port 12
5 and Fig. 6 gives the structural schematic diagram of air mixer).Meanwhile middle pressure wind speed air successively passes through air mixer
Air-supply round tube 19, reducing circumference pipe 18 and step square tube 17 and premixer inner ring cylinder 16 on equally distributed grade
Divide air holes 20, then dispersion is injected in inner ring, and rich carbon black ionic state combustion gas stream and middle pressure wind speed air carry out in inner ring together
Premixing, forms the cylindric combustion gas stream of upward vector, middle pressure power after mixing.Note: step 2 intermediate fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca drop
The summation of high temperature combustors intake when the intake of warm device should be included in continuous operation.
Millimeter fraction air holes 20 and the lateral shaft of premixer inner ring cylinder 16 have certain angle, to guarantee premixed gas
Flow the force vector that there is certain eddy flow to enhance upwards.No special situation can not change easily in air mixer inner ring cylinder
The vertical direction of heart line (i.e. cylindric combustion gas stream center line).
Step 5: the billowing cylindric combustion gas stream of mixed low decomposition level, the black smoke infrared photo-thermal spoke intracavitary in snail
It ignites under conditions of penetrating, second speed, which develops, becomes middle pressure power eddy flow ring-type (arrow direction as depicted in figs. 1 and 2), and temperature can
Up to 1000~1500 DEG C, make the steadily decomposition combustion of thermal-flame stream, the billowing combustion gas stream of black smoke is by the middle pressure power cyclone ring second
Speed anchoring, comes to naught in a moment.
Whole process can be observed by peep hole 6.If it is observed that gas concentration is too low to there is umbrella frame shape flame, combustion gas
Temperature is low or the flow velocity that is short of power is too low for stream, snail chamber infrared temperature too low ignite catches fire difficulty and black smoke occur billowing not just
When normal operating condition, combustion gas stream concentration, temperature, flow velocity should be adjusted immediately according to above-mentioned steps, avoid unstable decomposition, not exclusively combustion
It burns.
Step 6: torch ejiction opening 10 is high-temp combustion torch cluster area, is sprayed after the burning of thermal-flame Traffic Decomposition from torch
Outlet 10 provides the high-temp combustion thermal energy of industrial use.
Step 7:, can be from supporting if necessary to detect the final result of high molecular waste thermal energy conversion after boiler flow field
The detection mouth 7 of nearly torch ejiction opening 10 is detected, its flow velocity, flow, temperature change, high temperature spectrum record and hair are detected
Calorific value improves the automation of product by accumulating data.
Detection mouth 7 of the invention can also be realized: combustion gas stream and air enter before snail chamber and combustion gas stream and air it is mixed
After conjunction, indoor temperature of burning, pressure, change in flow and the intracavitary high temperature spectrum data of snail can all be acquired by detection mouth, be remembered
Record, and monitor operating condition in furnace.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, high temperature combustors are the type of furnace of double outer spiral casing walls, vertical torch ejiction opening, high temperature combustors
Furnace body includes outer spiral casing top cover 1, outer spiral casing side wall 2, outer spiral casing bottom plate 3, air mixer 4 and torch ejiction opening 10, sky
Gas premixer 4 is vertically set on the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate 3, and fuel oil mechanism of qi 5 and fuel oil are provided on outer spiral casing side wall 2
Fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler, peep hole 6, detection mouth 7, hand hole 8 and the manhole 9 of the mating installation of mechanism of qi, the torch spray
Mouth 10, which is erect, to be arranged on outer spiral casing top cover 1, and the furnace body of high temperature combustors further includes inner spiral casing lid 13 and inner spiral casing side wall
14, inner spiral casing lid 13 is located at 14 top of inner spiral casing side wall, and inner spiral casing side wall 14 is located at the outside of air mixer 4 and outer
The inside of spiral case side wall 2, inner spiral casing lid 13 and inner spiral casing side wall 14 and outer spiral casing top cover 1, outer spiral casing side wall 2 and outer spiral casing bottom
Plate 3, which is combined together, constitutes the intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone of snail and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region.
The step of being burnt using the high temperature combustors of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and the low temperature gasification room of Fig. 8 to Figure 13 and reality
The step applied in example 1 is identical.
Outer spiral casing top cover 1 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 of the present invention, outer spiral casing side wall 2, single firebreak 11, shape between outer spiral casing bottom plate 3
At eddy flow ring region and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 in outer spiral casing top cover 1, inner spiral casing lid 13, outer spiral casing side wall 2, inner spiral casing side wall 14,
The eddy flow ring region formed between outer spiral casing bottom plate 3 depends on its cyclone ring curvature, wherein outer spiral casing side wall 2 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Outer spiral casing top cover 1 and interior snail in the turbulent area (as shown in filled arrows) formed between single firebreak 11 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
The turbulent area (as shown in filled arrows) formed between cap 13, between outer spiral casing side wall 2 and inner spiral casing side wall 14, depends on
Its Reynolds number value.
Outer spiral casing top cover 1 of the invention, inner spiral casing lid 13, outer spiral casing side wall 2, inner spiral casing side wall 14,11 and of single firebreak
The composition of outer spiral casing bottom plate 3 is from the inside to the outside successively are as follows: high-temperature resistant coating layer, adiabatic coating layer and high-temperature corrosion resistance stainless steel
Plate or high-temperature resistant coating layer, high-temperature corrosion resistance stainless steel plate, adiabatic coating layer and stainless steel anticollision backplate.It can be convenient in this way
Fuel oil mechanism of qi is that the heat-resisting material of the intracavitary full hall setting of snail or high-temperature resistant coating layer are preheated.
Air mixer 4 of the invention is made of high-temperature corrosion resistance stainless steel, wherein premixer inner ring cylinder 16
Refractory ceramics production can be used.
Single or double a air mixer 4 can be set in high temperature combustors of the present invention, and (such as Fig. 1-Fig. 4 is double air
Premixer), air pre-mixing closes the premixer inner ring cylinder 16 that 4 can be set single or double overlapping and single or double air-supply circle
Pipe 19, reducing circumference pipe 18 and step square tube 17.The combustion for the single, double low temperature gasification room being connect with air mixer of the present invention
Gas boundling mouth 31 is main pipeline, other different ground state, component, decomposition level, deep or light, temperature, the input of the combustion gas stream of moisture content
Mouth can open up bypass time pipeline, the combustion gas stream etc. including the combustion of straw low temperature difficult point.
The purposes of manhole 9 of the present invention is the reason that carries out large repairs to large and medium-sized snail cavity type high temperature combustors.
The purposes of hand hole 8 of the present invention includes: that (1) touches inspection, and do the light maintenance of snail cavity wall by naked eyes, hand；
(2) premixer inner ring cylinder is directly replaced from snail chamber；(3) group of the combustion gas for entering outside hand sampling snail chamber and air
Divide, concentration sample, organic molecular concentration sampling is remained in torch tail gas.
Should be noted that safety event using high temperature combustors of the present invention: (1) low decomposition level combustion gas stream is in high temperature combustors point
Solution burning has very strong corrosive, and high-temperature corrosion resistance material is selected in manufacturing process, and it is intracavitary especially to reinforce snail in operational process
The observation of high temperature corrosion dope layer is overhauled；(2) high temperature combustors of pressure power level in, should pay close attention to its low-pressure fuel gas stream
Input port 12 and middle banking fire torch ejiction opening 10 are kept unimpeded；Never allow artificially arbitrarily to change its bore, cannot more block
Its import or export, causes safety accident；(3) after blowing out, when confirming combustion gas after-flame, should be delayed several minutes of closing air
The air inlet valve of air-supply round tube and reducing the circumference pipe of premixer, or in a manner of other air blast, the exhaust gas intracavitary to snail is carried out
It purges, after the completion of purging, the hand hole that can just open combustion chamber carries out the cleaning work of inorganic dust；(4) boiler flow field
Carbon black granules, organic molecule residual quantity, and the residual quantity of process is different outside furnace after smoke abatement and dust control and temperature change,
Especially in product sample furnace trial operation, the thermal energy in furnace, outside furnace should be converted calorific capacity, environmental protection goes out evil decrement as a result, respectively
Detection data is obtained for comparison.Such as nox, sox, carbon black, CO, CO2, H2O, dioxin, coal tar, inorganic dust, organic
Molecule residual quantity etc. can ask expert to carry out technical appraisement.
After high molecular waste low temperature gasification room and high temperature combustors match, or by vaporizer and high temperature combustors
Disjunctor is manufactured directly to that production can be opened up: (1) boiler, kiln, coking furnace, drying oven, domestic waste for large product
Incinerator；(2) middle-size and small-size product, as military camp, military depot, frontier sentry, island, naval port, naval vessels, packaging cargo ship, inland river passenger steamer,
Pleasure boat, oil tanker, drilling platforms incinerator special；(3) professions such as pharmaceutical, epidemic prevention, sick epiornitic poultry, civil administration cremate, drugs destruction
Incinerator；(4) crowds' waste incineration such as factory, rural area, holiday village, field Large Construction crowd, the scenic spots and historical sites, station, harbour
Burn furnace etc..
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stove for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that: including low temperature gasification room and snail cavity type high temperature
Combustion chamber；The furnace body of low temperature gasification room is provided with combustion gas boundling mouth (31)；The furnace body of high temperature combustors includes outer spiral casing top
(1), outer spiral casing side wall (2), outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), air mixer (4) and torch ejiction opening (10) are covered, air pre-mixing is closed
Device (4) is vertically set on the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), and fuel oil mechanism of qi (5) and and fuel vapor are provided on outer spiral casing side wall (2)
The fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler of the mating installation of machine；Low temperature gasification room passes through combustion gas boundling mouth (31) and air mixer
(4) it is connect with high temperature combustors；The furnace body of high temperature combustors further includes and the outer spiral casing top cover (1), outer spiral casing side wall (2)
The portion for constituting snail intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region is combined together with outer spiral casing bottom plate (3)
Part.
2. the stove according to claim 1 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that: low temperature gasification room
It is the bell (30) of bell shape at the top of furnace body, combustion gas boundling mouth (31) is located at the top of bell, is provided in the middle part of furnace body useless
The feeding door (33) of object；Vaporizer detection mouth (43) are provided with above feeding door (33)；Furnace shell positioned at feeding door (33) opposite side
On wall (32), and it is corresponding feeding door (33) cross central line is arranged below the U-shaped inclined chute (34) for tilting down 20 °~30 °,
Stirring bar (41) are provided in inclined chute (34)；Fire grate (35) are set at inclined chute (34) outlet at bottom；Inclined chute bottom is set
Set the cinder chamber (36) with lime-ash door (37)；Cinder chamber (36) bottom is provided with air supply tube (38)；Furnace body, which is additionally provided with, to be added
Hot equipment.
3. the stove according to claim 2 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that: the heating equipment
For coal faggot combustion chamber (39), coal faggot combustion chamber (39) is located on the side wall of the furnace body furnace shell wall of inclined chute (34) lower end；
The side wall of coal faggot combustion chamber (39) is provided with coal faggot investment door (40).
4. the stove according to claim 2 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that: the heating equipment
For heater (42), it is installed on the position of furnace shell wall side wall and corresponding inclined chute (34) slot bottom, or is set to furnace shell wall outer wall
In interlayer.
5. a kind of high temperature combustors of the stove according to claim 1 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, feature
Be: the furnace body of high temperature combustors includes outer spiral casing top cover (1), outer spiral casing side wall (2), outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), air pre-mixing
Clutch (4) and torch ejiction opening (10), air mixer (4) are vertically set on the middle part of outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), outer spiral casing side
Be provided on wall (2) fuel oil mechanism of qi (5), with the fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler of the mating installation of fuel oil mechanism of qi, peep hole (6),
Detection mouth (7), hand hole (8) and manhole (9), the furnace body of high temperature combustors further include and the outer spiral casing top cover (1), outer spiral casing
Side wall (2) and outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), which are combined together, constitutes the intracavitary infrared optical heat radiation focal zone of snail and fluid dynamic cyclone ring
The component in area.
6. the high temperature combustors of the stove according to claim 5 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that:
It is combined together with the outer spiral casing top cover (1), outer spiral casing side wall (2) and outer spiral casing bottom plate (3) and constitutes the intracavitary infrared photo-thermal of snail
The component for radiating focal zone and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region is single firebreak (11), and the torch ejiction opening (10) is horizontally installed on
On outer spiral casing side wall (2), single firebreak (11) is arranged between air mixer (4) and torch ejiction opening (10), single gear fire
The upper end of wall (11) is connect with outer spiral casing top cover (1), and lower end is connect with outer spiral casing bottom plate (3).
7. the high temperature combustors of the stove according to claim 5 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that:
It is combined together with the outer spiral casing top cover (1), outer spiral casing side wall (2) and outer spiral casing bottom plate (3) and constitutes the intracavitary infrared photo-thermal of snail
The component for radiating focal zone and fluid dynamic eddy flow ring region is inner spiral casing lid (13) and inner spiral casing side wall (14), inner spiral casing lid (13)
Positioned at inner spiral casing side wall (14) top, inner spiral casing side wall (14) is located at outside and the outer spiral casing side wall (2) of air mixer (4)
Inside, the torch ejiction opening (10), which is erect, to be arranged on outer spiral casing top cover (1).
8. according to the high temperature combustors of the described in any item stoves for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy of claim 5-7,
Be characterized in that: the air mixer (4) includes premixer outer cover (15), premixer inner ring cylinder (16), step square tube
(17), reducing circumference pipe (18) and air-supply round tube (19), the premixer inner ring cylinder (16) are located at premixer outer cover (15)
Inside, and a millimeter fraction air holes (20) is uniformly distributed on barrel, outside one end of the step square tube (17) and premixer
(15) connection is covered, the other end is connect with the major diameter port that reducing has an area of pipe (18), air-supply round tube (19) and reducing circumference pipe (18)
Path port connection；One end of the premixer outer cover (15) and premixer inner ring cylinder (16) is equipped with annulus cover board
(21), for the other end by there is the flange of positioning spigot (22) to connect with outer spiral casing bottom plate (3), junction is provided with heat-insulating washer
(23)。
9. the high temperature combustors of the stove according to claim 8 for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy, it is characterised in that:
The millimeter fraction air holes (20) is circular hole, square hole or inclined hole, and has a clamp with the lateral shaft of premixer inner ring cylinder (16)
Angle.
10. according to the high temperature combustors of the described in any item stoves for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy of claim 5-7,
Be characterized in that: the fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca cooler includes cooler outer cover (24) and the abnormity that is mounted on cooler outer cover
Air supply tube (25), cooler is connect by cooler upper flange (26) with the pedestal (27) of fuel oil mechanism of qi (5), by under cooler
Flange (28) is connect with outer spiral casing side wall (2), and junction is provided with heat-insulating washer (23), and fuel oil mechanism of qi bocca (29) is located at
In cooler outer cover (24).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811086672.3A CN109268835A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of stove for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811086672.3A CN109268835A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | A kind of stove for the conversion of high molecular waste thermal energy |
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