CN109268048B - Construction method for improving grouting quality of hollow anchor rod of tunnel anchor - Google Patents
Construction method for improving grouting quality of hollow anchor rod of tunnel anchor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268048B CN109268048B CN201811305208.9A CN201811305208A CN109268048B CN 109268048 B CN109268048 B CN 109268048B CN 201811305208 A CN201811305208 A CN 201811305208A CN 109268048 B CN109268048 B CN 109268048B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011426 gypsum mortar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of building construction, and provides a construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor, which comprises the following steps: vertically drilling a rock surface in a certain depth range by using a pneumatic rock drill to form an anchor rod hole; carrying out reaming construction by the pneumatic pick from the position of the hole opening of the anchor rod hole to a certain depth range inwards; inserting one end of the hollow threaded rod body with the anchor head and the exhaust pipe into the anchor rod hole together by using a pneumatic rock drill and binding firmly; filling the anchoring agent into the gap around the hollow threaded rod body; plugging the reamed hole tightly by using quick-setting gypsum mortar; after the anchoring agent and the plugging section of the quick-setting gypsum cement are solidified, sleeving a base plate from the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and locking the base plate on the surface of the solidified quick-setting gypsum cement by using a nut; and (4) performing high-standard grouting construction by adopting a grouting machine according to parameter requirements. The method can meet the design requirements, save the cost to the maximum extent, has strong practical operability and effectively solves the construction problem of tight grouting of the tunnel anchor rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor.
Background
At present, the traditional hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor adopts shaped products produced by manufacturers, such as WT and WTD series, and the anchor rod consists of a hollow full-thread rod body, an exhaust pipe, an anchor head, a grout stop plug, a base plate and a nut.
The traditional anchor rod construction process comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling holes by adopting an anchor rod trolley or an air gun, and cleaning the holes by using high-pressure air;
(2) simultaneously inserting the hollow anchor rod and the exhaust pipe with the installed anchor head into the hole, and immediately hanging the anchor rod by the barb on the anchor head;
(3) manually installing a grout stop plug, a base plate and a nut;
(4) connecting the anchor rod with the grouting machine by using a quick connector;
(5) starting a grouting machine, and performing pressure grouting according to the designed grouting pressure;
(6) and when the mortar reaches the design strength of more than 90%, screwing the nut again and applying prestress.
The traditional anchor rod grouting method is limited by limited anchoring force of an anchor rod head on one hand and limited by difficulty in tight hole opening plugging of a grout stop plug on the other hand, and grouting pressure can not be achieved or grout leaks from the hole opening frequently in the field implementation process, so that high-standard grouting construction is difficult to complete.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor, and aims to solve the technical problems that grouting construction is difficult to complete at a high standard in the existing method.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the construction method for improving grouting quality of the hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor comprises the following steps that:
step S1: vertically drilling a rock surface in a certain depth range by using a pneumatic rock drill to form an anchor rod hole;
step S2: carrying out reaming construction by an air pick from the position of the hole opening of the anchor rod hole to a certain depth range inwards, wherein the reaming depth is smaller than the depth of the anchor rod hole, the reaming and the anchor rod hole are coaxial, and after the construction is finished, washing accumulated water and rock powder in the anchor rod hole and the reaming hole;
step S3: inserting one end of the hollow threaded rod body with the anchor head and the exhaust pipe into the anchor rod hole together by using a pneumatic rock drill and binding firmly;
step S4: in a certain depth range from the bottom surface of the hole expansion to the anchor rod hole, the anchoring agent is plugged along the periphery of the hollow threaded rod body, and the hollow anchor rod is shaken in the plugging process to ensure that the plugging seam is compact; plugging the reamed hole tightly by using quick-setting gypsum mortar, and smearing and flattening the surface to keep the surface flat with the rock surface;
step S5: after the anchoring agent and the quick-setting gypsum cement plugging section are solidified, sleeving a base plate from the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and locking the base plate on the surface of the solidified quick-setting gypsum cement by using a nut;
step S6: the grouting material is configured according to the design requirement, the grouting machine is connected with the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and high-standard grouting construction is carried out by adopting the grouting machine according to the parameter requirement;
step S7: and (4) after grouting construction is finished, detecting the uplift resistance of the hollow anchor rod.
Further, in step S2, the broaching depth is 200mm, and the broaching diameter is not less than 100 mm.
Further, in step S4, the anchoring agent is quick setting mortar, and the quick setting mortar is plugged into the hole-expanding bottom surface to the anchor rod hole by a depth of 300mm by using a thin steel bar.
Further, in the step S7, the hollow anchor rod drawing force is reserved according to 3% of the total amount of the hollow anchor rods, and the number of the hollow anchor rods is detected to be not less than 3, and the effective state of the hollow anchor rods is ensured in each batch.
Further, the concrete process of the high-standard grouting in step S6 is as follows: the grouting machine starts grouting from the hollow threaded rod body, after grouting for a period of time, if slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, the power of a grouting pump of the grouting machine is turned off, the slurry stops overflowing from the exhaust pipe, the grouting pump is restarted, and the slurry begins to overflow again, so that the slurry is indicated to be full of the anchor rod hole, and otherwise, grouting is continued; and (3) pulling out the grouting pipe after the grout is filled in the anchor rod hole, if the grout does not flow out, indicating that the grouting meets the requirements, and stopping grouting after the grouting pump is stabilized for 10 minutes after the grouting is full.
Further, in step S3, if the end nozzle of the exhaust pipe is inclined upward, the exhaust pipe needs to be led to the top of the hollow threaded rod body or 50mm away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, and if the end nozzle of the exhaust pipe is inclined downward or horizontally, the exhaust pipe needs to be led to 50-100mm outside the bottom of the plugging section.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the method, equipment such as a hollow anchor rod, an anchoring agent, a quick setting gypsum cement, a pneumatic rock drill, an air pick, a grouting machine and the like are mainly adopted for construction, the method is suitable for high-standard grouting construction with high grouting pressure and long bearing time of the hollow anchor rod under the geological condition of a slightly weathered soft rock stratum, an orifice is utilized for reaming, the anchoring agent and the quick setting gypsum cement are blocked and reinforced in a double-channel manner, the on-site high-quality grouting requirement can be completed by adopting conventional construction machines such as the pneumatic rock drill, the air pick, the grouting machine and the like, the design requirement is completed, the cost can be saved to the greatest extent, the practicability is high, and the construction problem of tight grouting of the tunnel anchor rod is effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural view of a hollow anchor rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 shows a structure view of a hollow anchor provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown for convenience of description.
In this embodiment, the hollow anchor rod includes a hollow threaded rod body 1, an anchor head 2, a backing plate 3 and a nut 4, the anchor head 2 is fixed on the top end of the hollow threaded rod body 1, and the construction method for improving the grouting quality of the hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor comprises the following steps:
step S1: vertically drilling a rock surface in a certain depth range by using a pneumatic rock drill to form an anchor rod hole;
in this step, the rock face is suitable for slightly weathered soft rock stratum geology, the depth deviation of an anchor rod hole formed by drilling the rock face through a pneumatic rock drill is within a construction allowable range, such as +/-50 mm, the diameter of the anchor rod hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the hollow threaded rod body, such as larger than 15mm, namely the diameter of the hollow threaded rod body is 25mm, and the diameter of the anchor rod hole is 40 mm.
Step S2: carrying out reaming construction by an air pick from the position of the hole opening of the anchor rod hole to a certain depth range inwards, wherein the reaming depth is smaller than the depth of the anchor rod hole, the reaming and the anchor rod hole are coaxial, and after the construction is finished, washing accumulated water and rock powder in the anchor rod hole and the reaming hole;
in the step, for the convenience of construction, the reaming depth is 200mm, and the reaming diameter is not less than 100 mm.
Step S3: inserting one end of the hollow threaded rod body with the anchor head and the exhaust pipe 5 into the anchor rod hole together by using a pneumatic rock drill and binding firmly;
in this step, in order to ensure that the slurry is extruded first and air is continuously discharged from the exhaust pipe, and finally the slurry is discharged from the exhaust pipe after being filled, the installation position of the tail end of the exhaust pipe is set accurately, if the pipe orifice of the tail end of the exhaust pipe is inclined upwards, the exhaust pipe needs to be communicated to the top position of the hollow threaded rod body or 50mm away from the bottom of the anchor rod hole, and if the pipe orifice of the tail end of the exhaust pipe is inclined downwards or horizontally arranged, the exhaust pipe needs to be communicated to the position 50-100mm away from the bottom of the plugging section (namely the quick setting gypsum cement in the subsequent step).
Step S4: in a certain depth range from the bottom surface of the hole expansion to the anchor rod hole, an anchoring agent W1 is plugged along the gap around the hollow threaded rod body, and the hollow anchor rod is shaken in the plugging process to ensure that the plugging seam is compact; the reamed hole is tightly sealed and plugged by using quick-setting gypsum mortar W2, and the surface is smeared and pressed to be flat so as to keep the surface flat with the rock surface;
in the actual construction process, the anchoring agent is quick-setting mortar, and the quick-setting gypsum cement is formed by mixing semi-hydrated fiber white gypsum powder and building 108 glue. And (3) plugging the quick-setting mortar into the depth range of 300mm from the bottom surface of the reamed hole to the anchor rod hole by adopting a thin steel bar, and plugging and reinforcing the drilled hole in two ways. Compared with the traditional hollow grouting anchor rod, the traditional grout stop plug is replaced by the anchoring agent and the quick-setting gypsum cement, the plugging is tighter by adopting the method, and the grout leakage prevention effect is better; compared with the traditional hollow grouting anchor rod, the friction force between the anchoring agent, the quick-setting gypsum cement and the rock mass replaces the friction force between the tail anchor head of the traditional anchor rod and the rock mass, and larger holding force between the anchor head and the rock mass can be provided, so that the high-quality grouting conditions of high grouting pressure and long load holding time can be met.
Step S5: after the anchoring agent and the quick-setting gypsum cement plugging section are solidified, sleeving a base plate from the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and locking the base plate on the surface of the solidified quick-setting gypsum cement by using a nut;
in this step, generally, the time for the anchoring agent and the plugging section of the quick setting gypsum slurry to be completely solidified needs about 30min, and after the anchoring agent and the plugging section of the quick setting gypsum slurry are completely solidified, the backing plate is locked on the surface of the solidified quick setting gypsum slurry through the nut, so that the hollow threaded rod body is more stable.
Step S6: the grouting material is configured according to the design requirement, the grouting machine is connected with the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and high-standard grouting construction is carried out by adopting the grouting machine according to the parameter requirement;
the concrete process of the high-standard grouting construction in the step is as follows: the grouting machine starts grouting from the hollow threaded rod body, after grouting for a period of time, if slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, the power of a grouting pump of the grouting machine is turned off, the slurry stops overflowing from the exhaust pipe, the grouting pump is restarted, and the slurry begins to overflow again, so that the slurry is indicated to be full of the anchor rod hole, and otherwise, grouting is continued; and (3) pulling out the grouting pipe after the grout is filled in the anchor rod hole, if the grout does not flow out, indicating that the grouting meets the requirements, and stopping grouting after the grouting pump is stabilized for 10 minutes after the grouting is full.
Step S7: and (4) after grouting construction is finished, detecting the uplift resistance of the hollow anchor rod.
In the step, the hollow anchor rod drawing force is reserved according to 3% of the total amount of the hollow anchor rod for detection, the number of the hollow anchor rods is detected to be not less than 3, and the effective state of the hollow anchor rods is ensured in each batch.
The method is mainly suitable for the grouting construction of the hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor tunnel primary lining supporting structure, and consists of an anchor head, an anchoring agent, quick-setting gypsum cement, a backing plate, a nut, a hollow threaded rod body and other devices, and is constructed by equipment such as a pneumatic rock drill, a pneumatic pick, a grouting machine and the like; the method is suitable for the high-standard grouting requirements of high grouting pressure (not less than 0.6MPa) and long load-holding time (5-10 min) of the hollow anchor rod under the slightly weathered soft rock geological condition; but also can save the cost to the utmost extent, the practicality is strong, has effectually solved the construction difficult problem of the tight slip casting of tunnel stock.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor is characterized in that the hollow anchor rod comprises a hollow threaded rod body, an anchor head, a base plate and a nut, the anchor head is fixed at the top end of the hollow threaded rod body, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: vertically drilling a rock surface in a certain depth range by using a pneumatic rock drill to form an anchor rod hole;
step S2: carrying out reaming construction by an air pick from the position of the hole opening of the anchor rod hole to a certain depth range inwards, wherein the reaming depth is smaller than the depth of the anchor rod hole, the reaming and the anchor rod hole are coaxial, and after the construction is finished, washing accumulated water and rock powder in the anchor rod hole and the reaming hole;
step S3: inserting one end of the hollow threaded rod body with the anchor head and the exhaust pipe into the anchor rod hole together by using a pneumatic rock drill and binding firmly;
step S4: in a certain depth range from the bottom surface of the hole expansion to the anchor rod hole, the anchoring agent is plugged along the periphery of the hollow threaded rod body, and the hollow anchor rod is shaken in the plugging process to ensure that the plugging seam is compact; plugging the reamed hole tightly by using quick-setting gypsum mortar, and smearing and flattening the surface to keep the surface flat with the rock surface;
step S5: after the plugging section consisting of the anchoring agent and the quick-setting gypsum cement is solidified, sleeving a base plate into the end of the hollow threaded rod body, and locking the base plate on the surface of the solidified quick-setting gypsum cement by using a nut;
step S6: the grouting material is configured according to the design requirement, the grouting machine is connected with the tail end of the hollow threaded rod body, and high-standard grouting construction is carried out by adopting the grouting machine according to the parameter requirement;
step S7: and (4) after grouting construction is finished, detecting the uplift resistance of the hollow anchor rod.
2. The construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the reaming depth is 200mm, and the reaming diameter is not less than 100 mm.
3. The construction method for improving grouting quality of a hollow anchor rod of a tunnel anchor according to claim 2, wherein in step S4, the anchoring agent is quick setting mortar, and the quick setting mortar is plugged into the bottom surface of the enlarged hole to a depth range of 300mm in the anchor rod hole by using a thin steel rod.
4. The construction method for improving grouting quality of the hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor according to claim 3, wherein in the step S7, the hollow anchor rod drawing force is detected according to 3% of the total amount of the hollow anchor rod, and the number of the hollow anchor rods is detected to be not less than 3, and each batch, so that the effective state of the hollow anchor rods is ensured.
5. The construction method for improving grouting quality of the hollow anchor rod of the tunnel anchor according to claim 4, wherein the concrete process of the high-standard grouting in step S6 is as follows: the grouting machine starts grouting from the hollow threaded rod body, after grouting for a period of time, if slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, the power of a grouting pump of the grouting machine is turned off, the slurry stops overflowing from the exhaust pipe, the grouting pump is restarted, and the slurry begins to overflow again, so that the slurry is indicated to be full of the anchor rod hole, and otherwise, grouting is continued; and (3) pulling out the grouting pipe after the grout is filled in the anchor rod hole, if the grout does not flow out, indicating that the grouting meets the requirements, and stopping grouting after the grouting pump is stabilized for 10 minutes after the grouting is full.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S3, if the end nozzle of the exhaust pipe is inclined upward, the exhaust pipe is required to be connected to the top of the hollow threaded rod or 50mm away from the bottom of the hole of the anchor rod, and if the end nozzle of the exhaust pipe is inclined downward or horizontally, the exhaust pipe is required to be connected to 50-100mm away from the bottom of the sealing section.
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| CN201811305208.9A CN109268048B (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | Construction method for improving grouting quality of hollow anchor rod of tunnel anchor |
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| CN201811305208.9A CN109268048B (en) | 2018-11-05 | 2018-11-05 | Construction method for improving grouting quality of hollow anchor rod of tunnel anchor |
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| CN109268048B true CN109268048B (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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| CN110185484A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-30 | 中建隧道建设有限公司 | The combined anchor device and construction method that tunnel wall rock deformation quickly controls |
| CN110500126B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2024-03-15 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Grouting joint for hollow anchor rod and construction process for hollow anchor rod |
| CN113914914B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-08-15 | 吕梁学院 | Hole sealing device for monitoring grouting pressure of grouting anchor rod |
| CN114561944A (en) * | 2022-03-19 | 2022-05-31 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Construction method of elevation angle mortar anchor rod |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2317310Y (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-05-05 | 四川万通工程材料设备有限责任公司 | All screw hollow grouting anchoring-bolt |
| US20090180840A1 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-16 | Slatter Matthew S | Dome headed roof bolt |
| CN104148390A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-19 | 洛阳鼎锐材料科技有限公司 | Process and equipment for stretch-reducing hot rolling of hollow anchor rods |
| CN204098032U (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-14 | 德州市公路工程总公司 | One draws hole implanted band branch anti-floating rock bolt |
| CN104594348B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽同济建设集团有限责任公司 | Enlarged footing bellows anchor pole and construction method thereof |
| CN107829767B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2024-02-27 | 安徽理工大学 | Sectional assembly type yielding hollow grouting anchor rod and construction method thereof |
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