CN109265192A - A kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109265192A
CN109265192A CN201710580704.4A CN201710580704A CN109265192A CN 109265192 A CN109265192 A CN 109265192A CN 201710580704 A CN201710580704 A CN 201710580704A CN 109265192 A CN109265192 A CN 109265192A
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foaming
heat insulation
surface layer
green body
insulation integrated
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刘军
刘一军
杨晓锋
萧礼标
潘利敏
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Monalisa Group Co Ltd
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Monalisa Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710580704.4A priority Critical patent/CN109265192A/en
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof, the heat insulation integrated ceramics include: non-foamed bottom and the foaming surface layer on the non-foamed bottom, and the non-foamed bottom and the foaming surface layer form one through once-firing.Heat insulation integrated ceramics of the invention, bottom is nonfoamed layer, is foaming layer on bottom, be foaming layer two layers the case where and the case where bottom is foaming layer, on bottom is nonfoamed layer compared with, the advantages of with that can walk roller kilns, even foaming is conducive in kiln sintering process.

Description

A kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to ceramic building material fields, and in particular to a kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the needs of people with the development in market, building decoration materials type is more and more, it is desirable that also more and more high-grade, Novelty, not only higher and higher to surface of ceramic products effect requirements, the function such as the performance having to it is such as heat-insulated, noise reduction, sterilization Ceramic also can increasingly it like.
Currently on the market there are many kinds of heat insulation integrated ceramic products, such as application No. is 201510831131.9 it is entitled The patent of " foamed ceramic heat-insulating integral fossilized wood ", main technique include that granite face or marble surface are strong through macromolecule Power bonding agent and ceramic foam insulation board layer bond to form finished product block.This is surface layer foaming layer and marble layer binder It is bonded.A kind of application number: 201620614550.7 entitled " high-efficiency insulated integrative energy-saving and decorative foam ceramic thermal insulation Plate " its be mainly characterized by that heat preservation plate body is disposably fired by powdered ceramic glaze and integral bottom is porous insulating layer And upper layer is the stratiform plate body of finish coat.It is only foamed by bottom and is once fired with surface layer glaze layer, but be all foaming Layer, the effect only to foam is different, and glaze layer no decoration effect.Application number: 201610187472.1 it is entitled " a kind of fibre porcelain lightweight feature board and preparation method thereof " discloses a kind of fine porcelain lightweight feature board, and bottom is foaming layer, upper layer For not foaming layer, the layer surface that do not foam is also provided with glaze decorating layer.Foaming layer and not foaming layer are fired through a high temperature, It is integrally formed, however, because bottom is foaming layer, surface layer is nonfoamed layer in the invention, so be extruded inside roller kilns, It is unfavorable for foaming, and surface irregularity, and since foaming layer relatively low temperature is easy roll banding stick, moreover, foaming layer and not sending out Alveolar layer is all to use extrusion forming, at high cost, cannot be through roller kiln burning at yield is lower.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of existing good decorative effect, and energy Play preferable sound insulation, the heat insulation integrated ceramics of heat insulation and preparation method thereof.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics comprising: non-foamed bottom and be located at the non-hair Foaming surface layer on bubble bottom, the non-foamed bottom and the foaming surface layer form one through once-firing.
Heat insulation integrated ceramics of the invention, bottom are nonfoamed layer, are foaming layer on bottom, are foaming with two layers The case where layer and bottom be foaming layer, the case where on bottom being nonfoamed layer is compared, and roller kilns can be walked by having, in kiln The advantages of being conducive to even foaming in furnace sintering process.And non-foamed bottom and foaming surface layer form one through once-firing, It is bound more closely naturally, preferable sound insulation, heat insulation can be played.
Preferably, being also formed with architectural surface on the foaming surface layer.In this way, ceramic surface of the invention can mix conjunction Suitable, coloury pattern, thus existing good decorative effect, and preferable sound insulation, heat insulation can be played.
Preferably, the non-foamed bottom with a thickness of 3mm~20mm.
Preferably, the bulk density of the non-foamed bottom is 1900kg/m3~23000kg/m3。
Preferably, it is described foaming surface layer with a thickness of 30~200mm.
Preferably, the bulk density on the foaming surface layer is 300kg/m3~1000kg/m3, preferably 700kg/m3~ 1000kg/m3Or 300kg/m3~600kg/m3。
On the other hand, the present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned heat insulation integrated ceramics, comprising the following steps:
Prepare non-foamed bottom green body；
Preparation foaming surface layer green body；And
Foaming surface layer green body is placed on non-foamed bottom green body, is burnt into, obtains the heat insulation integrated ceramics.
Preferably, the raw material of the non-foamed bottom green body include: washing ball clay 15~25%, sodium sand 15~25%, Medium temperature sand 35~45%, calcining bauxite 15~25%.The chemical component of the non-foamed bottom green body can are as follows: burns and loses: 4.0~ 6.0%；SiO2: 55~60%；Al2O3: 28~32%；Fe2O3: 0.1~1.2%；TiO2: 0.1~1.0%；CaO:0.1~ 0.8%；MgO:0.13~0.8%；K2O:2.0~4.0%；Na2O:1.5~3.0%.
Preferably, it is described foaming surface layer green body raw material include: foaming soil 15~25%, polishing slag 15~25%, South wind hypothermia grait 8~12%, wollastonite 3~8%, medium temperature sand 35~50% and another plus foaming agent 0.1~0.3%.The hair The chemical component for steeping surface layer green body can are as follows: burns and loses: 3.0~5.0%；SiO2: 66~70%；Al2O3: 15~19%；Fe2O3: 0.5 ~1.2%；TiO2: 0.05~0.5%；CaO:1.5~4.0%；MgO:0.5~1.5%；K2O:2.5~4.0%；Na2O:1.5 ~3.0%.
Preferably, the raw material of the foaming surface layer green body include: lime stone 10~20%, foaming soil 8~15%, washing Ball clay 8~15%, sodium sand 25~40%, medium temperature sand 18~28%, polishing slag 7~15% and another plus foaming agent 0.2~ 0.6%.The chemical component of the foaming surface layer green body can are as follows: burns and loses: 8.5~12.0%；SiO2: 55~59%；Al2O3: 14~ 19%；Fe2O3: 0.1~0.5%；TiO2: 0.05~0.3%；CaO:8.0~11%；MgO:0.3~1.0%；K2O:1.5~ 3.0%；Na2O:2.5~4.0%.
Preferably, the size of foaming surface layer green body is smaller than the size of non-foamed bottom green body, each small 8cm in preferably four sides~ 20cm.After foaming and intumescing, the range of bottom can be had exceeded in sintering procedure to avoid foaming layer in this way, lead to viscous club.
Preferably, further including the steps that applying ornament materials, preferably glazing on foaming surface layer green body before firing And/or it is ink-jet printed.It is possible thereby to form suitable, coloury pattern in ceramic surface, reach good decorative effect.
The present invention can reach it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, creative: foaming layer and bottom (ceramic layer) are once fired, in conjunction with it is closer naturally, its surface layer can also mix Properly, coloury pattern, bottom can also form natural ceramics by certain cloth, existing good decorative effect, Preferable sound insulation, heat insulation can be played again；
2, applied widely: the present invention by such environmental effects, can not be widely used in various inner-outer walls and ground decoration；
3, durable: inventive can be stablized, smaller by time, environmental impact factor, can keep using as newly felt for a long time Service life is long, has a vast market economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the heat insulation integrated ceramics of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing and following embodiments, it should be appreciated that attached drawing and following embodiments It is merely to illustrate the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In the present invention, unless otherwise instructed, percentage composition refers both to quality percentage and contains Amount.
Heat insulation integrated ceramics of the invention can be Ceramic Tiles, ceramic wafer etc..Fig. 1 shows the heat insulation integrated ceramics of the present invention The schematic diagram of the section structure.As shown in Figure 1, its heat insulation integrated ceramic bottom of the invention is the ceramics without foaming effect Thin layer (non-foamed bottom), the surface layer on bottom are foaming layer (foaming surface layer).Non-foamed bottom and foaming surface layer are through primary It is burnt into and forms one.
Non-foamed bottom is comparatively dense ceramic layer, and bulk density can be 1900kg/m3~23000kg/m3, preferably For 2000kg/m3~21000kg/m3.Bottom is set nonfoamed layer by the present invention, can during high temperature firing not roll banding Stick reduces roller stick replacement frequency, reduces cost and labour, and is conducive to brick row and stablizes.
The thickness of non-foamed bottom can be 3mm~20mm, preferably 5mm~8mm.In the present invention, the thickness of non-foamed bottom Degree is smaller, can reduce formulation cost, is conducive to oxidation.
Surface layer foam by foaming and there is porous structure, bulk density can be 300kg/m3~1000kg/m3, preferably For 700kg/m3~1000kg/m3Or 300kg/m3~600kg/m3.When bulk density is 700kg/m3~1000kg/m3When, tool The advantages of having foam hole intensive tiny (average pore size of foam hole can be 0.05mm~1.5mm), being conducive to surface ink-jet glazing.When Bulk density is 300kg/m3~600kg/m3When, have the advantages that larger uniform (average pore size of foam hole can be 0.2mm in hole ~3.0mm).Surface layer is set foaming layer by the present invention, can be more stable in favor of foaming and brick shape.
The thickness on foaming surface layer can be 30mm~200mm.
In addition, can also have architectural surface on foaming surface layer, such as decoration glaze layer, inkjet printing pattern layer, printed layer Deng.Thus good decorative effect can be formed.
The integral thickness of heat insulation integrated ceramics of the invention can be 35~220mm, size can for (600~1200) mm × (600~2800) mm.
Hereinafter, illustrating the preparation method of heat insulation integrated ceramics of the invention.
Bottom body recipe: the selection of bottom body recipe mainly according to resist foaming layer in foaming process to bottom Generating biggish power causes to deform, therefore preferably firing temperature is relatively high (such as 1300~1320 DEG C), green body aluminium content ratio Higher (such as 28~32%).In one example, the chemical component of bottom green body: IL (burns and loses): 4.0~6.0%；SiO2: 55~60%；Al2O3: 28~32%；Fe2O3: 0.1~1.2%；TiO2: 0.1~1.0%；CaO:0.1~0.8%；MgO: 0.13~0.8%；K2O:2.0~4.0%；Na2O:1.5~3.0%.Raw material selected by green body can are as follows: and washing ball clay 15~ 25%, sodium sand 15~25%, medium temperature sand 35~45%, calcining bauxite 15~25%.
Foaming layer body recipe: in order to reach preferably, more uniform foaming effect, not according to foaming layer bulk density Together, following two formula can be used.
Bulk density is prepared in 700~1000kg/m3Foaming layer when, selected raw material can mainly have the native (swelling of foaming Soil one kind) 15~25%, polishing slag 15~25%, south wind hypothermia grait 8~12%, wollastonite 3~8%, medium temperature sand 35~ 50%；And the foaming agent (SiC) 0.1~0.3% (percentage composition of the total amount relative to raw material) in addition added.Wherein, Foaming soil refers to bentonite.Polishing slag refers to the waste material generated when ceramic tile polishing.In addition, using SiC for foaming agent here As an example, but foaming agent it is without being limited thereto, such as can also be for carbon dust, calcium carbonate, cullet etc..The partial size of foaming agent is more fine It is better to steep effect, SiC is required in the case where crossing 10,000 meshes.The chemical component of foaming layer can are as follows: IL:3.0~5.0%；SiO2: 66~ 70%；Al2O3: 15~19%；Fe2O3: 0.5~1.2%；TiO2: 0.05~0.5%；CaO:1.5~4.0%；MgO:0.5~ 1.5%；K2O:2.5~4.0%；Na2O:1.5~3.0%.SiC in raw material is decomposed in high-temperature region generates CO2After play hair Effect is steeped, it is better to decompose better foaming effect.
Bulk density is prepared in 300~600kg/m3Foaming layer when, selected raw material can mainly have lime stone 10~ 20%；Foaming soil 8~15%；Wash ball clay 8~15%；Sodium sand 25~40%；Medium temperature sand 18~28%；Polishing slag 7~ 15%；And the foaming agent 0.2~0.6% (percentage composition of the total amount relative to raw material) in addition added.The foaming agent It can be SiC, carbon dust, polishing slag etc..The chemical component of foaming layer can are as follows: IL:8.5~12.0%；SiO2: 55~59%； Al2O3: 14~19%；Fe2O3: 0.1~0.5%；TiO2: 0.05~0.3%；CaO:8.0~11%；MgO:0.3~1.0%； K2O:1.5~3.0%；Na2O:2.5~4.0%.
The formula temperature (firing temperature for being formulated itself) of above two formula is different, temperature more low ratio foamed effect more It is good.In addition, foaming agent (such as SiC) is more, foaming effect is also better, causes bulk density different.
Foaming layer formula according to the present invention, foam hole size are controllable.Specifically, the dosage of foaming agent is more, foaming It is bigger.In addition, formula temperature is higher, foaming effect is better, and obtained foaming layer has preferable hardness, such as its Mohs Hardness is 4~5.
In the present invention, bottom green body and foaming layer green body can be first prepared respectively, after then the two is stacked together again Once-firing.
Bottom green body can be by bottom body recipe powder by certain distributing mode (such as entire body cloth and common cloth side Formula etc.) (color-mixing, i.e. powder can use the colorant colour mixture of different colours) suppress afterwards.Pressing pressure can for 300~ 330MPa.Compression moulding is used in the embodiment of the invention, yield is high, shorter at its period through roller kiln burning, energy consumption compared with It is low, it can solve extrusion forming low output, dry difficult, the big problem of production difficulty.
Foaming layer green body can be by foaming layer body recipe by certain distributing mode (such as entire body cloth or common cloth Mode) (color-mixing, i.e. powder can use the colorant colour mixture of different colours) suppress.Pressing pressure can be 300~330MPa.
The size of foaming layer green body is preferably smaller than bottom green body, that is, when the two is stacked together, foaming layer green body position There are distances in the range of bottom green body, and between the edge of the two.It can be sent out in sintering procedure to avoid foaming layer in this way After bubble expansion, the range of bottom is had exceeded, leads to viscous club.For example, when foaming layer green body and bottom green body are quadrangle, hair The four of alveolar layer green body while size than bottom four while the small 8cm~20cm of size, specifically can according to require firing heat preservation Depending on integrated ceramic size.
Foaming layer green body is put down gently among bottom green body.Before stacking, bottom green body and/or foaming layer green body can be first It is dried.Blank strength can be improved in this way, reduce damaged.The drying temperature of bottom green body can be 180~250 DEG C.Foaming The drying temperature of layer green body can be 180~250 DEG C.Or it is also possible to further play drying after stacking the two.Dry temperature at this time Degree can be 180~250 DEG C.
Foaming layer green body is before being stacked in bottom green body or is stacked in after bottom green body, can apply in surface Ornament materials, to form architectural surface.Glazing, inkjet printing, stamp etc. can be used in decoration technology.
It after applying ornament materials, can be dried, drying temperature can be 200~250 DEG C.
Then, once-firing is carried out.The firing temperature of kiln can be 1205~1250 DEG C.Firing time can be 50~60 points Clock.After firing, cooled down.Cooling rate is slow, may be, for example, 3~5 DEG C/min.If cooling velocity is too fast, will lead to scattered It is hot not enough to be easy to cause facial cleft.
Process is handled after can also carrying out after firing, such as edging, polishing etc., and heat insulation integrated ceramics are made.
The present invention has developed one kind can be in roller kilns once-firing, surface blister layer bulk density 300-1000kg/ m3, bottom surface is that Ceramic Tiles bulk density is 1900-2300kg/m3Composite integrated ceramic product.It is main to pass through research and development foaming layer Body recipe and bottom formula, distributing technique, glazing process are realized.The present invention provides existing good decorative effect, and energy Play the heat insulation integrated ceramics of preferable sound insulation, heat insulation.
Enumerate embodiment further below with the present invention will be described in detail.It will similarly be understood that following embodiment is served only for this Invention is further described, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art is according to this hair Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that bright above content is made all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.Following examples are specific Technological parameter etc. is also only an example in OK range, i.e. those skilled in the art can be done properly by the explanation of this paper In the range of select, and do not really want to be defined in hereafter exemplary specific value.
Test method:
Bulk density: being cut into foaming layer regular 10cm*10cm*2cm, cuts three pieces, surveys its weight M1/M2/M3 respectively；Calculate it Density is bulk density P, and its calculation formula is P=(M1+M2+M3)/600*1000kg/m3。
Embodiment 1
1, foaming layer body recipe are as follows: foam native 20%, polishing slag 18%, sodium sand 10%, wollastonite 5%, medium temperature sand 47%； Foaming agent (SiC) 0.12%；Chemical component: IL:4.40%；SiO2: 67.51%；Al2O3: 17.74%；Fe2O3: 0.94%； TiO2: 0.19%；CaO:2.57%；MgO:1.05%；K2O:3.22%；Na2O:1.90%.
2, bottom body recipe are as follows: washing ball clay 20%；South wind hypothermia grait 18%；Nation's sand 44%；Calcine bauxite 18%. Chemical component: IL:5.02%；SiO2: 57.78%；Al2O3: 30.43%；Fe2O3: 0.83%；TiO2: 0.68%；CaO: 0.23%；MgO:0.24%；K2O:2.61%；Na2O:1.98%.
3, process flow: size is 900*900*20mm after foaming layer compacting；Bottom size is 1025*1025*5.5mm； After drying, foaming layer inkjet printing, then apply one layer of courverte；Then foaming layer is put among bottom；It is fired into kiln；It burns It is 1220 DEG C at temperature；Cooling rate is 4 DEG C/min after firing.
In the present embodiment, the bulk density of bottom green body is 2100kg/m3, the bulk density of foaming layer green body is 1000kg/m3, aperture For 0.2-0.5mm, Mohs' hardness 4.5.The size for the heat insulation integrated ceramics that the present embodiment obtains is 900*900*20mm.
Embodiment 2
1, foaming layer body recipe are as follows: lime stone 15%；Foaming soil 12%；Wash ball clay 10%；Sodium sand 30%；Medium temperature sand 23%；Polishing slag 10%；Foaming agent (SiC) 0.4%.Chemical component: IL:10.47%；SiO2: 57.19%；Al2O3: 16.70%；Fe2O3: 0.36%；TiO2: 0.17%；CaO:9.26%；MgO:0.56%；K2O:2.08%；Na2O:3.17%.
2, bottom body recipe is as bottom body recipe in embodiment 1.
3, process flow is also in the same manner as in Example 1.
In the present embodiment, the bulk density of foaming layer green body is 400kg/m3, aperture 1.5mm-3.0mm, Mohs' hardness is 4.5.In the present embodiment, formula temperature is than low 30-35 DEG C of embodiment 1, under conditions of using the firing temperature of identical kiln, It can achieve better foaming effect.
Embodiment 3
Difference from example 1 is that selecting calcium carbonate is foaming agent.
In the present embodiment, the bulk density of foaming layer green body is 600kg/m3, aperture 1.0mm-2.0mm, Mohs' hardness is 4.5。

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics characterized by comprising non-foamed bottom and on the non-foamed bottom Foaming surface layer, the non-foamed bottom and the foaming surface layer form one through once-firing.
2. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be also formed with decoration on the foaming surface layer Surface layer.
3. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the non-foamed bottom with a thickness of 3mm~20mm, bulk density are 1900 kg/m3~23000kg/m3。
4. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the foaming surface layer With a thickness of 30~200mm, bulk density 300kg/m3~1000kg/m3, preferably 700 kg/m3~1000kg/m3Or 300 kg/m3~600kg/m3。
5. a kind of preparation method of heat insulation integrated ceramics described in any one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that including Following steps:
Prepare non-foamed bottom green body；
Preparation foaming surface layer green body；And
Foaming surface layer green body is placed on non-foamed bottom green body, is burnt into, obtains the heat insulation integrated ceramics.
6. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the non-foamed bottom The raw material of green body include: washing ball clay 15~25%, sodium sand 15~25%, medium temperature sand 35~45%, calcining bauxite 15~25%； The chemical component of the non-foamed bottom green body are as follows: burn and lose: 4.0~6.0%；SiO2: 55~60%；Al2O3: 28~32%；Fe2O3: 0.1~1.2%；TiO2: 0.1~1.0%；CaO:0.1~0.8%；MgO:0.13~0.8%；K2O:2.0~4.0%；Na2O:1.5 ~3.0%.
7. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that foaming surface layer base The raw material of body include: foam native 15~25%, polishing slag 15~25%, sodium sand 8~12%, wollastonite 3~8%, medium temperature sand 35 ~50% and separately plus foaming agent 0.1~0.3%；The chemical component of the foaming surface layer green body are as follows: burn and lose: 3.0~5.0%； SiO2: 66~70%；Al2O3: 15~19%；Fe2O3: 0.5~1.2%；TiO2: 0.05~0.5%；CaO:1.5~4.0%；MgO: 0.5~1.5%；K2O:2.5~4.0%；Na2O:1.5~3.0%.
8. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that foaming surface layer base The raw material of body include: lime stone 10~20%, foaming soil 8~15%, washing ball clay 8~15%, sodium sand 25~40%, medium temperature sand 18 ~28%, polishing slag 7~15% and another plus foaming agent 0.2~0.6%；The chemical component of the foaming surface layer green body are as follows: burn It loses: 8.5~12.0%；SiO2: 55~59%；Al2O3: 14~19%；Fe2O3: 0.1~0.5%；TiO2: 0.05~0.3%；CaO: 8.0~11%；MgO:0.3~1.0%；K2O:1.5~3.0%；Na2O:2.5~4.0%.
9. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that foaming surface layer green body Size is smaller than the size of non-foamed bottom green body, each small 8cm~20cm in preferably four sides.
10. heat insulation integrated ceramics according to any one of claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that before firing, also wrap It includes in the step of the applying ornament materials on the green body of surface layer, preferably glazing and/or ink-jet printed of foaming.
CN201710580704.4A 2017-07-17 2017-07-17 A kind of heat insulation integrated ceramics and preparation method thereof Pending CN109265192A (en)

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CN113045287A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-29 江西金唯冠建材有限公司 Preparation method of non-cracking environment-friendly medium plate ceramic tile

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