CN109263582B - Power distribution system of automobile and automobile - Google Patents
Power distribution system of automobile and automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109263582B CN109263582B CN201811069281.0A CN201811069281A CN109263582B CN 109263582 B CN109263582 B CN 109263582B CN 201811069281 A CN201811069281 A CN 201811069281A CN 109263582 B CN109263582 B CN 109263582B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- load
- type
- current protection
- engine compartment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution system of an automobile and the automobile, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering. The system comprises: the electric appliance box comprises a storage battery, an electric appliance box in an engine compartment and an electric appliance box in a passenger compartment; the positive pole of battery with the input of engine compartment electrical apparatus box is connected, the output of engine compartment electrical apparatus box respectively with a plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the input of passenger cabin electrical apparatus box is connected, the output of passenger cabin electrical apparatus box is connected with a plurality of loads in the passenger cabin. The current provided by the storage battery firstly passes through the electrical box of the engine compartment and then passes through the electrical box of the passenger compartment and a plurality of loads in the engine compartment, and the electrical box of the passenger compartment and the plurality of loads in the engine compartment are equivalent to a parallel connection relation and share part of current, so that the damage of the current to the plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the electrical box of the passenger compartment is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a power distribution system of an automobile and the automobile.
Background
With the development of the automobile industry, the functions of electric appliances on the automobile are more and more abundant, and more electric devices on the automobile are provided, so that the safe and reasonable power distribution and management of a plurality of electric devices on the automobile are very important work.
At present, when a power supply of an automobile is distributed, only one main fuse box is added to the positive electrode of a storage battery of the automobile, and current can be output to the main fuse box from the storage battery and then respectively output to an electric box in an engine compartment and an electric box in a passenger compartment by the main fuse box, so that the distribution of the power supply is completed.
However, if there are more electrical devices in the vehicle, the load near the total fuse box will also increase, thereby affecting the stability of the system. For example, when the total fuse is fused, the electrical system of the automobile will be completely broken down, which results in the flameout of the automobile and seriously affects the safety and reliability of the automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a power distribution system of an automobile and the automobile, which are used for solving the problem of poor safety and reliability of the automobile caused by unreasonable power distribution of the automobile in the related technology. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a power distribution system for an automobile is provided, the system comprising a battery, an engine compartment electrical box, and a passenger compartment electrical box;
the positive pole of battery with the input of engine compartment electrical apparatus box is connected, the output of engine compartment electrical apparatus box respectively with a plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the input of passenger cabin electrical apparatus box is connected, the output of passenger cabin electrical apparatus box is connected with a plurality of loads in the passenger cabin.
Optionally, the engine compartment electrical box comprises a first current protection circuit, a second current protection circuit and a first load driving circuit;
the input end of the first current protection loop, the input end of the second current protection loop and the input end of the first load driving loop are respectively connected with the anode of the storage battery, and at least one of the first output end of the first current protection loop, the first output end of the second current protection loop and the first output end of the first load driving loop is connected with the input end of the passenger compartment electrical box;
the second output end of the first current protection loop is connected with a first type of load in a plurality of loads in the engine compartment, the second output end of the second current protection loop is connected with a second type of load in the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, the second output end of the first load driving loop is connected with a third type of load in the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, and the power of the first type of load is greater than that of the second type of load.
Optionally, the first current protection circuit includes a first type of fuse for protecting the first type of load, the second current protection circuit includes a second type of fuse for protecting the second type of load, the first load driving circuit includes a first switch unit and a third type of fuse for protecting the third type of load, and the first switch unit is configured to control on/off of the first load driving circuit.
Optionally, the passenger compartment electrical box comprises a third current protection circuit, a second load drive circuit and a power management control module;
the input end of the third current protection circuit, the input end of the second load driving circuit and the input end of the power management control module are respectively connected with the output end of the engine compartment electric box;
the output end of the third current protection loop is connected with a fourth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin, the output end of the second load driving loop is connected with a fifth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin, and the output end of the power management control module is connected with a sixth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin.
Optionally, the third current protection loop includes four types of fuses for protecting the fourth type of load; the second load driving circuit comprises a second switch unit and a fifth type fuse for protecting the fifth type load, and the second switch unit is used for controlling the on-off of the second load driving circuit; the power management control module comprises a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a third switching unit;
the input end of the MCU and the first input end of the third switch unit are respectively connected with the output end of an electric box in an engine compartment, the output end of the MCU is connected with the second input end of the third switch unit, the output end of the third switch unit is connected with the sixth load, the receiving end of the MCU is used for receiving vehicle state signals and storage battery state signals, and the MCU is used for controlling the on-off of the third switch unit based on the vehicle state signals and the storage battery state signals.
Optionally, the first type of load includes a generator circuit, an electric power steering circuit, an air conditioner electric heating circuit and a cooling fan, the second type of load includes an electronic parking circuit, a seat adjusting circuit, an anti-lock braking system ABS, a vehicle body control system circuit, an electric tailgate circuit, a generator excitation circuit, a fuel injector circuit, an oxygen sensor, an intelligent grille circuit and a four-wheel drive system circuit, and the third type of load includes a starter, an oil rail heating device, a gas pressure reducing valve, a front windshield heating device, an engine control unit and a wiper.
Optionally, the fourth type of load includes a skylight loop, a headlight loop, a reversing light loop, a rear defrosting loop, a blower loop, a brake light loop, a transmission system loop and an oil pump loop, the fifth type of load includes a headlight, a reversing light, a rear defrosting loop, a blower, a brake light, a transmission system, an oil pump, an air conditioner compressor, a front fog light, a daytime running light, a vacuum pump and a rearview mirror adjusting motor, and the sixth type of load includes a vehicle body controller BCM, a combination meter, a sound module, a speaker and a seat heating device.
In a second aspect, there is provided an automobile comprising a power distribution system of the automobile as described in any one of the first aspects above.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
in the embodiment of the invention, the storage battery is connected with the input end of the electrical box of the engine compartment, the output end of the electrical box of the engine compartment is respectively connected with the input ends of the electrical box of the engine compartment and the electrical box of the passenger compartment, so that the current provided by the storage battery firstly passes through the electrical box of the engine compartment and then passes through the electrical box of the passenger compartment and the electrical box of the engine compartment, and as the electrical box of the passenger compartment and the electrical box of the engine compartment are in parallel connection, partial current is shared mutually, thus the damage of the current to the multiple loads in the engine compartment and the electrical box of the passenger compartment is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution system of a first vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution system of a second vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system of a third vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first current protection loop according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second current protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first load driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system of a fourth vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third current protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second load driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a power management control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1: a storage battery, 2: engine compartment electrical box, 3: passenger compartment electrical box, 4: a plurality of loads in the engine compartment, 5: a plurality of loads within the passenger compartment;
1 a: positive electrode of secondary battery, 2 a: input end of engine compartment electrical box, 2 b: output terminal of engine compartment electrical box, 3 a: an input for a passenger compartment electrical box. 3 b: an output of the passenger compartment electrical box;
21: first current protection loop, 22: second current protection circuit, 23: a first load driving circuit;
211: one type of fuse, 221: type two fuses, 231: first switching unit, 232: three types of fuses;
21 a: input of first current protection loop, 21 b: first output of first current protection loop, 21 c: second output of the first current protection loop, 22 a: input of the second current protection loop, 22 b: first output of the second current protection loop, 22 c: second output of the second current protection loop, 23 a: input of the first load driving circuit, 23 b: first output of the first load driving loop, 23 c: a second output of the first load drive loop;
31: third current protection loop, 32: second load drive circuit, 33: a power management control module;
311: four types of fuses, 321: second switching unit, 322: five types of fuses, 331: MCU, 332: a third switching unit;
31 a: input terminal of third current protection loop, 31 b: output of the third current protection loop, 32 a: input of the second load driving circuit, 32 b: output of second load driving circuit, 33 a: input terminal of power management control module, 33 b: the output end of the power management control module;
331 a: input of MCU, 331 b: MCU output, 331 c: receiving end of MCU, 332 a: first input terminal of third switching unit, 332 b: second input terminal of third switching unit, 332 c: an output terminal of the third switching unit;
41: first-type load, 42: load of the second type, 43: load of the third type, 51: load of the fourth type, 52: load of the fifth type, 53: a sixth type of load;
411: generator circuit, 412: electric power steering circuit, 413: air conditioner electric heating circuit, 414: cooling fan, 421: electronic parking circuit, 422: seat adjusting circuit, 423: ABS, 424: vehicle body control system circuit, 425: electric tail gate circuit, 426: generator excitation circuit, 427: injector circuit, 428: oxygen sensor, 429: smart grid loop, 4210: four-wheel-drive system circuits 4210, 431: starter, 432: oil rail heating equipment, 433: gas pressure reducing valve, 434: front windshield heating apparatus, 435: engine control unit, 436: a wiper.
511: sunroof circuit, 512: headlight circuit, 513: backup lamp circuit, 514: rear defrost circuit, 515: blower circuit, 516: stop lamp circuit, 517: transmission system circuit, 518: oil pump circuit, 521: headlight, 522: backup lamp, 523: post-defrost, 524: blower, 525: stop lamp, 526: transmission system, 527: oil pump, 528: air-conditioning compressor, 529: front fog light, 5210: daytime running light, 5211: vacuum pump, 5212: rear-view mirror adjustment motor, 531: BCM, 532: combination meter, 533: audio module, 534: speaker, 535: a seat heating apparatus.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Before explaining the embodiments of the present invention in detail, an application scenario related to the embodiments of the present invention is explained.
Along with the development of the automobile industry, electrical functions on an automobile are more and more abundant, and electrical equipment on the automobile is more and more, when a power supply of the automobile is distributed, only one main fuse box is added to the positive electrode of a storage battery of the automobile at present, current can be output to the main fuse box from the storage battery, and then is output to an electrical box in an engine compartment and an electrical box in a passenger compartment respectively through the main fuse box, if the electrical equipment in the automobile is more, loads near the main fuse box are more, and therefore the stability of the system is affected. For example, when the total fuse is fused, the electrical system of the automobile will be completely broken down, which results in the flameout of the automobile and seriously affects the safety and reliability of the automobile.
Based on such a scenario, the embodiment of the invention provides a power distribution system of an automobile, which improves the safety and reliability of the automobile.
After describing an application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention, a detailed description will be given of a power distribution system of an automobile according to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a power distribution system for an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the system includes a storage battery 1, an electric box 2 in an engine compartment, and an electric box 3 in a passenger compartment; the positive electrode 1a of the battery 1 is connected to an input terminal 2a of an engine compartment electric box 2, an output terminal 2b of the engine compartment electric box 2 is connected to a plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment and an input terminal 3a of a passenger compartment electric box 3, respectively, and an output terminal 3b of the passenger compartment electric box 3 is connected to a plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment.
In the embodiment of the invention, the storage battery 1 is connected with the input end 2a of the engine compartment electrical box 2, the output end 2b of the engine compartment electrical box 2 is respectively connected with the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment and the input end 3a of the passenger compartment electrical box 3, so that the current provided by the storage battery 1 firstly passes through the engine compartment electrical box 2 and then passes through the passenger compartment electrical box 3 and the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment, and as the passenger compartment electrical box 3 and the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment are equivalent to a parallel connection relationship and share part of current, the damage of the current to the plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the passenger compartment electrical box is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
The storage battery 1 can be used for providing current for the engine compartment electrical box 2 and the passenger compartment electrical box 3, and the current of the storage battery is connected to a stud or a plug terminal of the engine compartment electrical box 2 (namely, an input end 2a of the engine compartment electrical box 2) through a positive pole wire harness of the storage battery, so that the current is input into the engine compartment electrical box 2. The passenger compartment electrical box 3 and the engine compartment electrical box 2 may be connected by a wire harness, so that electric current is mutually transmitted.
It should be noted that the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment are electric devices that need to be driven by the engine, for example, the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment may be a generator circuit, an electric power steering circuit, an air conditioning electric heating circuit, a cooling fan, an electronic parking circuit, a seat adjusting circuit, an ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), a vehicle body control System circuit, an electric tailgate circuit, a generator excitation circuit, an oil injector circuit, an oxygen sensor, a smart grid circuit, a four-wheel drive System circuit, a starter, an oil rail heating device, a gas pressure reducing valve, a front windshield heating device, an engine control unit, a wiper, and the like.
In addition, the plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment are electrical devices related to the passenger compartment of the automobile, for example, the plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment may be a sunroof circuit, a headlight circuit, a backup light circuit, a rear defrost circuit, a blower circuit, a brake light circuit, a transmission system circuit, an oil pump circuit, a headlight, a backup light, a rear defrost, a blower, a brake light, a transmission system, an oil pump, an air conditioner compressor, a front fog light, a daytime running light, a vacuum pump, a rear view mirror adjustment motor, a BCM (Body Control Module), a combination meter, an audio Module, a speaker, and a seat heating device.
Furthermore, in order to further ensure the safety of the respective loads in the engine compartment electrical box, referring to fig. 2, the engine compartment electrical box 2 includes a first current protection circuit 21, a second current protection circuit 22, and a first load driving circuit 23.
Wherein the input end 21a of the first current protection circuit 21, the input end 22a of the second current protection circuit 22, and the input end 23a of the first load drive circuit 23 are respectively connected to the positive electrode 1a of the battery 1, and at least one of the first output end 21b of the first current protection circuit 21, the first output end 22b of the second current protection circuit 22, and the first output end 23b of the first load drive circuit 23 is connected to the input end 3a of the passenger compartment electrical box 3 (fig. 2 illustrates an example in which the first output end 21b of the first current protection circuit 21, the first output end 22b of the second current protection circuit 22, and the first output end 23b of the first load drive circuit 23 are respectively connected to the input end 3a of the passenger compartment electrical box 3); the second output end 21c of the first current protection circuit 21 is connected with a first type load 41 of the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment, the second output end 22c of the second current protection circuit 22 is connected with a second type load 42 of the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment, the second output end 23c of the first load driving circuit 23 is connected with a third type load 43 of the plurality of loads 4 in the engine compartment, and the power of the first type load 41 is larger than that of the second type load 42.
It should be noted that, since the power of the first type load 41 is greater than the power of the second type load 42, it is indicated that the current value in the first current protection circuit 21 is greater than the current value in the second current protection circuit 22, the first current protection circuit 21 is a large current protection circuit, and the second current protection circuit 22 is a small current protection circuit.
After the current supplied from the battery is input to the engine compartment electric box 2, the current may be divided into three parts, one part is input to the first current protection circuit 21, one part is input to the second current protection circuit 22, and the last part is input to the first load drive circuit 23.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the first current protection circuit is a large current protection circuit and the electrical equipment loaded on the passenger compartment electrical box 3 is more, in order to enhance the protection of the passenger compartment electrical box, referring to fig. 3, the first output terminal 21b of the first current protection circuit 21 can be generally connected to the input terminal 3a of the passenger compartment electrical box 3 and the first type load 42, respectively.
Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 6, the first current protection circuit 21 includes a first type fuse 211 for protecting a first type load 41, the second current protection circuit 22 includes a second type fuse 221 for protecting a second type load 42, the first load driving circuit 23 includes a first switch unit 231 and a third type fuse 232 for protecting a third type load 43, and the first switch unit 231 is used for controlling on/off of the first load driving circuit 23.
Since the power of the first type of load 41 is greater than the power of the second type of load 42, the current surge received in the first current protection circuit 21 is greater than the current surge received in the second current protection circuit, so as to protect the first current protection circuit 21 and the second current protection circuit 22 respectively, and to improve the efficiency of the protection circuits, the fuses protecting the first type of load and the fuses protecting the second type of load may be different types of fuses with different capacities, and the capacity of the first type of fuse 211 is greater than the capacity of the second type of fuse 221.
It should be noted that one type of fuse 24 may be a plate fuse capable of withstanding large currents, and the capacity of one type of fuse 211 may range from 50A (amperes) to 300A. The second type fuse 221 may be a slow fusing box fuse or a fast fusing chip fuse, and the capacity of the second type fuse 221 may range from 0A to 40A. The three types of fuses 232 may be either a plate fuse or a plate fuse. The fuse and the load may be in a one-to-one relationship or a many-to-one relationship. That is, one load may be protected by one fuse, or a plurality of fuses may be connected in series to protect one load.
The first switch unit 231 may be a relay, but may be another component having a function of switching on and off a current.
Furthermore, since the passenger compartment electrical box 3 corresponds to a load relative to the engine compartment electrical box 2, when the output of at least one of the first output terminal 21b of the first current protection circuit 21, the first output terminal 22b of the second current protection circuit 22 and the first output terminal 23b of the first load driving circuit 23 is connected to the input terminal 3a of the passenger compartment electrical box 3, the first current protection circuit 21, the second current protection circuit 22 and/or the first load driving circuit 23 may include a fuse for protecting the passenger compartment electrical box 3, which may be the first-type fuse 211, the second-type fuse 221 or the third-type fuse 232.
It is worth to be noted that, because each loop is protected by a fuse capable of bearing a large current, the current can be output to a corresponding load after passing through the fuse, so that power distribution has pertinence, protection of the loop has pertinence, and safety and reliability of the automobile are improved.
Referring to fig. 4, the first type of load 41 includes a generator circuit 411, an electric power steering circuit 412, an air-conditioning electric heating circuit 413, a cooling fan 414, etc., and after the current of the battery enters the first current protection circuit through the input end 21a of the first current protection circuit 21, the current may first pass through the first type of fuse 211 and then be input to the first type of load 41, such as the generator circuit 411, the electric power steering circuit 412, the air-conditioning electric heating circuit 413, the cooling fan 414, etc., and the passenger compartment electrical box 3. Wherein, the first type loads 41 may correspond to the first type fuses 211 one by one.
Referring to fig. 5, the second type of load 42 includes an electronic parking circuit 421, a seat adjusting circuit 422, an ABS423, a body control system circuit 424, an electric tail gate circuit 425, a generator exciting circuit 426, an injector circuit 427, an oxygen sensor 428, an intelligent grid circuit 429, a four-wheel drive system circuit 4210, etc., and after the current of the battery enters the second current protection circuit 22 through an input end 22a of the second current protection circuit 22, the current may first pass through the second type of fuse 221 and then be input into the second type of load 42, such as the electronic parking circuit 421, the seat adjusting circuit 422, the ABS423, the body control system circuit 424, the electric tail gate circuit 425, the generator exciting circuit 426, the injector circuit 427, the oxygen sensor 428, the intelligent grid circuit 429, the four-wheel drive system circuit 4210, etc. The second type loads 42 may correspond to the second type fuses 221 one by one.
Referring to fig. 6, the third type of load 43 includes a starter 431, a rail heating device 432, a gas pressure reducing valve 433, a front windshield heating device 434, an engine control unit 435, a wiper 436, and the like.
After entering the first load driving circuit through the input end 23a of the first load driving circuit 23, the current of the battery may sequentially pass through the three types of fuses 232 and the first switching unit 231, and/or sequentially pass through the first switching unit 231 and the three types of fuses 232, and then be input to the third types of loads such as the starter 431, the oil rail heating device 432, the gas pressure reducing valve 433, the front windshield heating device 434, the engine control unit 435, the wiper 436, and the like. In fig. 6, the current is illustrated by way of example in the case where the three types of fuses 24 and the first switching unit 231 are sequentially connected.
In addition, referring to fig. 6, since the first load driving circuit 23 includes the first switch unit 231 and the first switch unit 231 is used for controlling the on/off of the first load driving circuit 23, the receiving end of the first switch unit 231 can receive a control signal for controlling the on/off of the first switch unit 231.
Referring to fig. 7, the passenger compartment electrical box 3 includes a third current protection circuit 31, a second load drive circuit 32, and a power management control module 33.
Wherein, the input end 31a of the third current protection circuit 31, the input end 32a of the second load driving circuit 32 and the input end 33a of the power management control module 33 are respectively connected with the output end 2b of the engine compartment electrical box 2; the output terminal 31b of the third current protection circuit 31 is connected to a fourth type of load 51 of the plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment, the output terminal 32b of the second load driving circuit 32 is connected to a fifth type of load 52 of the plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment, and the output terminal 33b of the power management control module 33 is connected to a sixth type of load 53 of the plurality of loads 5 in the passenger compartment.
Referring to fig. 8, the third current protection circuit 31 includes a four-type fuse 311 for protecting the fourth-type load 51; referring to fig. 9, the second load driving circuit 32 includes a second switch unit 321 and a fifth type fuse 322 for protecting the fifth type load 52, and the second switch unit 321 is used to control on/off of the second load driving circuit 32; referring to fig. 10, the power management control module 33 includes an MCU (Micro controller Unit) 331 and a third switching Unit 332; an input end 331a of the MCU331 and a first input end 332a of the third switching unit 332 are respectively connected to an output end 2b of the engine compartment electrical box 2, an output end 331b of the MCU331 is connected to a second input end 332b of the third switching unit 332, an output end 332c of the third switching unit 332 is connected to the sixth-type load 53, a receiving end 331c of the MCU331 is configured to receive a vehicle state signal and a battery state signal, and the MCU331 is configured to control on/off of the third switching unit 332 based on the vehicle state signal and the battery state signal.
The four-type fuse 311 may be a slow-fusing box fuse or a fast-fusing chip fuse, and the capacity of the four-type fuse may range from 0A to 40A.
Referring to fig. 8, the fourth type of load 51 includes electric devices such as a sunroof circuit 511, a headlight circuit 512, a backup lamp circuit 513, a rear defrost circuit 514, a blower circuit 515, a brake lamp circuit 516, a transmission system circuit 517, and an oil pump circuit 518, and after the current in the engine compartment electric box enters the third current protection circuit 31 through the input terminal 31a of the third current protection circuit 31, the current may first pass through the fourth type of fuse 311 and then be input into the fourth type of load 51 such as the sunroof circuit 511, the headlight circuit 512, the backup lamp circuit 513, the rear defrost circuit 514, the blower circuit 515, the brake lamp circuit 516, the transmission system circuit 517, and the oil pump circuit 518.
Referring to fig. 9, the fifth type of load 52 includes a headlight 521, a backup lamp 522, a rear defrost 523, a blower 524, a brake lamp 525, a transmission system 526, an oil pump 527, an air conditioner compressor 528, a front fog lamp 529, a daytime running lamp 5210, a vacuum pump 5211, and a rear view mirror adjustment motor 5212.
After entering the second load driving circuit 52 through the input end 52a of the second load driving circuit 52, the current output from the engine compartment electric box 2 may sequentially pass through the fourth type fuse 311 and the second switch unit 321, and/or sequentially pass through the second switch unit 321 and the fifth type fuse 322, and then be input to the fifth type load 52, such as the headlight 521, the reversing light 522, the rear defrost 523, the blower 524, the brake light 525, the transmission system 526, the oil pump 527, the air conditioner compressor 528, the front fog light 529, the daytime running light 5210, the vacuum pump 5211, and the rearview mirror adjustment motor 5212. In fig. 9, a description is given taking an example in which a current passes through the five types of fuses 322 and the second switching unit 321 in this order.
In addition, referring to fig. 9, since the second switch unit 321 is included in the second load driving circuit 32, and the second switch unit 321 is used for controlling the on/off of the second load driving circuit 31, the receiving end 35a of the second switch unit 321 can receive a control signal for controlling the on/off of the second switch unit 321. For example, an ignition switch signal or the like may be received.
The second switch unit 321 may be a relay, or may be another component having a function of switching on and off a current.
Referring to fig. 10, the sixth type of load 53 includes a BCM531, a cluster 532, an audio module 533, a speaker 534, a seat heating apparatus 535, and the like.
The third switching unit 332 and the sixth type load 53 may have a one-to-one correspondence relationship, that is, one third switching unit 332 may control power on/off of one sixth type load 53, and/or the third switching unit 332 and the sixth type load 53 may have a one-to-many relationship, that is, one third switching unit 3327 may control power on/off of a plurality of sixth type loads 53. For example, referring to fig. 10, the power management control module 33 may include 2 third switch units 332, where one third switch unit 332 is connected to the BCM531, the combination meter 532 and the audio module 533, respectively, to control the power on/off of the BCM531, the combination meter 532 and the audio module 533; another third switching unit 332 may be connected to the speaker 534 and the seat heating apparatus 535, respectively, to control the power on/off of the speaker 534 and the seat heating apparatus 535.
It should be noted that the third switching unit 332 may be a relay, and may also be another component having a function of switching on and off current.
In addition, when the power consumption of the load of the whole automobile is larger than the generated energy of the generator in the using process of the automobile, the storage battery is insufficient, and the automobile is flamed out. Therefore, in order to prevent the vehicle from turning off, the MCU331 may receive the battery status signal and the vehicle status signal and transmit an instruction to the third switching unit 332 according to the battery status signal and the vehicle status signal, so as to control the operation state and the power consumption current of the load that does not affect the normal running of the vehicle by controlling the on/off of the third switching unit, such as the speaker, the seat heating device, etc., so that the power consumption of the load of the entire vehicle is not greater than the power generation amount of the generator.
In the embodiment of the invention, the storage battery can be connected with the input end of the electric box in the engine compartment, the output end of the electric box in the engine compartment is respectively connected with the input ends of the electric box in the engine compartment and the electric box in the passenger compartment, so that the current provided by the storage battery firstly passes through the electric box in the engine compartment and then passes through the electric box in the passenger compartment and the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, and as the electric box in the passenger compartment and the plurality of loads in the engine compartment are equivalent to a parallel connection relationship, partial current is shared mutually, thus the damage of the current to the plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the electric box in the passenger compartment is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved. And the electrical boxes in the engine compartment and the passenger compartment are further divided according to the load power and are subjected to circuit protection through fuses of corresponding specifications, so that the safety of the power distribution system is improved.
Embodiments of the present invention provide an automobile that may include the power distribution system of the automobile shown in any one of fig. 1-10 described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, the storage battery can be connected with the input end of the electric box in the engine compartment, the output end of the electric box in the engine compartment is respectively connected with the input ends of the electric box in the engine compartment and the electric box in the passenger compartment, so that the current provided by the storage battery firstly passes through the electric box in the engine compartment and then passes through the electric box in the passenger compartment and the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, and as the electric box in the passenger compartment and the plurality of loads in the engine compartment are equivalent to a parallel connection relationship, partial current is shared mutually, thus the damage of the current to the plurality of loads in the engine compartment and the electric box in the passenger compartment is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved. And the electrical boxes in the engine compartment and the passenger compartment are further divided according to the load power and are subjected to circuit protection through fuses of corresponding specifications, so that the safety of the power distribution system is improved. When the power distribution system is included in the automobile, the danger brought to the automobile due to improper power distribution is avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the automobile are improved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configurations shown in fig. 1-10 do not constitute a limitation of the power distribution system of an automobile, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components may be used.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A power distribution system for an automobile, the system comprising a battery, an engine compartment electrical box and a passenger compartment electrical box;
the positive electrode of the storage battery is connected with the input end of the engine compartment electric box, the output end of the engine compartment electric box is respectively connected with a plurality of loads in an engine compartment and the input end of the passenger compartment electric box, and the output end of the passenger compartment electric box is connected with a plurality of loads in a passenger compartment;
the engine compartment electric box comprises a first current protection loop, a second current protection loop and a first load driving loop;
the input end of the first current protection loop, the input end of the second current protection loop and the input end of the first load driving loop are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the first output end of the first current protection loop is connected with the input end of the passenger compartment electrical box, and at least one of the first output end of the second current protection loop and the first output end of the first load driving loop is connected with the input end of the passenger compartment electrical box;
the second output end of the first current protection loop is connected with a first type of load in a plurality of loads in the engine compartment, the second output end of the second current protection loop is connected with a second type of load in the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, the second output end of the first load driving loop is connected with a third type of load in the plurality of loads in the engine compartment, and the power of the first type of load is greater than that of the second type of load;
the first current protection loop comprises a first type fuse for protecting the first type load, the second current protection loop comprises a second type fuse for protecting the second type load, and the capacity of the first type fuse is larger than that of the second type fuse; the first load driving circuit comprises a first switch unit and three types of fuses for protecting the third type of loads, and the first switch unit is used for controlling the on-off of the first load driving circuit;
the passenger compartment electrical box comprises a third current protection circuit, a second load driving circuit and a power management control module; the input end of the third current protection circuit, the input end of the second load driving circuit and the input end of the power management control module are respectively connected with the output end of the engine compartment electric box; the output end of the third current protection loop is connected with a fourth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin, the output end of the second load driving loop is connected with a fifth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin, and the output end of the power management control module is connected with a sixth type of load in the plurality of loads in the passenger cabin; the third current protection loop comprises four types of fuses for protecting the fourth type of load; the second load driving circuit comprises a second switch unit and a fifth type fuse for protecting the fifth type load, and the second switch unit is used for controlling the on-off of the second load driving circuit;
the power management control module comprises a Micro Control Unit (MCU) and a third switching unit; the input end of the MCU and the first input end of the third switch unit are respectively connected with the output end of an electric box in an engine compartment, the output end of the MCU is connected with the second input end of the third switch unit, the output end of the third switch unit is connected with the sixth load, the receiving end of the MCU is used for receiving vehicle state signals and storage battery state signals, and the MCU is used for controlling the on-off of the third switch unit based on the vehicle state signals and the storage battery state signals.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first type of load comprises a generator circuit, an electric power steering circuit, an air conditioning electric heating circuit, a cooling fan, the second type of load comprises an electric parking circuit, a seat adjusting circuit, a brake anti-lock system (ABS), a vehicle body control system circuit, an electric tailgate circuit, a generator excitation circuit, an oil injector circuit, an oxygen sensor, a smart grid circuit, and a four-wheel drive system circuit, and the third type of load comprises a starter, an oil rail heating device, a gas pressure reducing valve, a front windshield heating device, an engine control unit, and a wiper.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the fourth type of load comprises a sunroof circuit, a headlight circuit, a backup light circuit, a rear defrost circuit, a blower circuit, a brake light circuit, a transmission system circuit, and an oil pump circuit, the fifth type of load comprises a headlight, a backup light, a rear defrost, a blower, a brake light, a transmission system, an oil pump, an air conditioning compressor, a front fog light, a daytime running light, a vacuum pump, and a rearview mirror adjustment motor, and the sixth type of load comprises a body controller BCM, a cluster, an audio module, a speaker, and a seat heating device.
4. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a power distribution system of a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims 1-3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811069281.0A CN109263582B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811069281.0A CN109263582B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109263582A CN109263582A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
| CN109263582B true CN109263582B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
Family
ID=65188640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811069281.0A Active CN109263582B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109263582B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112558580B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2023-04-07 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle control system topological structure |
| CN113283087A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Automobile wire harness main fuse capacity design method based on scene analysis |
| CN114475489A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-13 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply system of automobile, automobile and control method of power supply system of automobile |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006057249A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power distributor for an vehicle electrical system, has input, output and power distributor controller, where input is locked at multiple energy sources, which has multiple energy storage |
| CN202783030U (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-13 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply distribution system for automobile |
| CN203888737U (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-10-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Passenger car power distribution circuit and corresponding passenger car |
| CN204623369U (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-09-09 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile power source distribution system |
| CN108039746A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-15 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Power distribution circuit |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0872634A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-03-19 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Current distributing system of automobile |
| CN108263314A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-10 | 安徽文达信息工程学院 | A kind of design of portable large capacity caravan carbonic acid lithium battery system |
-
2018
- 2018-09-13 CN CN201811069281.0A patent/CN109263582B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006057249A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power distributor for an vehicle electrical system, has input, output and power distributor controller, where input is locked at multiple energy sources, which has multiple energy storage |
| CN202783030U (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-13 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply distribution system for automobile |
| CN203888737U (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-10-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Passenger car power distribution circuit and corresponding passenger car |
| CN204623369U (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-09-09 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile power source distribution system |
| CN108039746A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-15 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Power distribution circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109263582A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109263582B (en) | Power distribution system of automobile and automobile | |
| US6674180B2 (en) | Power supply for a hybrid electric vehicle | |
| CN110103855B (en) | Power distribution system and method for hybrid vehicle | |
| US10464506B2 (en) | Wire harness system and wire harness | |
| DE102010061618A1 (en) | Control for a hybrid high-voltage insulation protection | |
| MX2007003288A (en) | Power supply system for a vehicle climate control unit . | |
| CN204452095U (en) | Electric automobile high-voltage electric power system | |
| CN204623369U (en) | Automobile power source distribution system | |
| CN112351906B (en) | Power supply system | |
| CN109270922A (en) | The automotive electronics formula power distribution unit of self diagnosis and self-contr ol | |
| CN112078428A (en) | Battery charging control method of pure electric vehicle | |
| KR20210042834A (en) | Electrical on-board supply system and method for operating such an on-board supply system | |
| CN108039746B (en) | Power distribution circuit | |
| CN104863772A (en) | Starter protection circuit and vehicle comprising same | |
| US10604090B1 (en) | Accessory power center for vehicle | |
| KR20150074811A (en) | High voltage connector interlock device | |
| CN111245033A (en) | Vehicle and control method thereof | |
| CN105150956A (en) | CAN network topological structure of parallel plug-in hybrid power bus and control method for CAN network topological structure | |
| CN210881973U (en) | Unmanned vehicle power supply system and unmanned vehicle | |
| CN208630528U (en) | A kind of vehicle power distribution system | |
| CN111584957A (en) | Hybrid battery system for vehicle and control method | |
| US8994209B2 (en) | Electrical-power-feed connector and electrical power source | |
| CN111942229A (en) | Integrated three-in-one control device for hydrogen fuel logistics vehicle | |
| CN110962605A (en) | Junction box control device | |
| US11894714B2 (en) | Power source system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |