CN109260410A - 一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料,该饮料有效成分的原料药为火麻仁、郁李仁、杏仁、桃仁、益智仁、黑芝麻、当归莱菔子和佛手九味药材制成,本发明还进一步涉及该饮料的制备方法,本发明的组合物中,所选用的原料药均为食药同源的中药,无毒副作用,使用更为安全,各原料组方合理,配伍科学,药物之间共同发挥了润肠通便、养阴润燥、滋补肝肾的作用,具有明显的增效作用,充分发挥了相须相使的配伍关系。临床前实验表明,该饮料能增强便秘小鼠胃肠运动能力,缓解运动功能受限及排便障碍,具有安全无毒副作用的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药食同源饮料技术领域,尤其涉及一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
便秘的主要表现是排便次数减少和排便困难,许多患者的排便次数每周少于2次,严重者长达2~4周才排便一次或每日排便多次,但排出困难,粪便硬结如羊粪状,且数量很少。此外,有腹胀、食欲缺乏,以及服用泻药不当引起排便前腹痛等。
对于便秘的治疗,西医以对症治疗为主,旨在消除便秘的症状,使患者排便通畅,便次增加,粪便易于排出。常用的通便剂有容积性泻药、渗透性泻药、刺激性药物及促动力剂等,但上述药物治疗存在导致腹胀、肠梗阻、结肠黑变病、心血管并发症、电解质紊乱、肾功能损害等副作用的风险。
中医药治疗便秘有着悠久的历史,文献记载及长期的临床实践也表明中医药在防治便秘方面具有明显的积极作用。但由食药同源中药制备而成的改善功能性便秘的产品目前在市场上还是空白,随着我国社会生活方式的改变和人民对养生保健的高度关注,以及国家对健康产业的重视和以辩证诊治见长的中医中药的蓬勃发展,有必要开发符合临床个性化需求的,改善便秘的新产品。
专利申请号 CN200710159000.6,专利名称为一种治疗便秘的中药,其配方为(按重量百分比)芦荟17%~36%、生大黄、26%~36%、当归18%~36%、黄柏12%~23%,按上述配方可以制成丸剂、片剂、胶囊或制成汤剂,但由于配方含有生大黄,容易导致人正气的损伤,且在预防和治疗便秘的同时,对肝肾等器官也产生了一些毒副作用,对于功能性便秘患者而言不适合长期服用。
因此,发明一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料及其制备方法显得非常必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改善功能性便秘的食药同源的饮料,由9味“食药同源”的中药作为原料制备而成,该食药同源中药组合物具有润肠通便,清热除滞,滋阴养血,兼补肝肾之功效,能够有效改善便秘症状,而且安全无毒副作用,能够制成饮料,可适合老年人及其他便秘患者长期饮用。
一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料,其特征在于,所述改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料包括下述重量份的中药材:
火麻仁10-20份、郁李仁25-35份、杏仁6-12份、桃仁6-12份、益智仁6-12份、黑芝麻6-12份、当归15-25份、莱菔子15-25份、佛手10-20份。
本发明的另一目的是提供该饮料的制备方法,该制备方法可以实现工业化生产。上述食药同源中药组合物可直接将各原料粉碎,混合均匀后使用;或加水煎煮使用。
一种改善功能性便秘的食药同源的饮料制备方法,所述制备方法如下:
(1)将火麻仁、当归、药物制剂辅料混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍量水,煎煮2小时,第二次加6倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,合并两次煎煮得到的滤液,浓缩至在温度为50℃条件下,相对密度为1.2的浸膏;
(2)将黑芝麻和杏仁粉碎,过100目筛,然后与上述所得的中药浸膏搅拌混合均匀即得。
所述药学上可接受的辅料为药物制剂中的常规辅料,优选为甘油、丁二醇、海藻糖、甜菜碱、尿囊素、卡波姆、精氨酸、乳木果油、霍霍巴油、乳化剂中的一种或多种。
本发明的第三方面,提供一种改善便秘的保健品,以上述食药同源中药组合物为有效成分。
本发明的第四方面,提供一种改善便秘的特殊医学用途功能食品,以上述食药同源中药组合物为有效成分。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明的组合物中,所选用的原料药均为食药同源的中药,无毒副作用,使用更为安全;各原料组方合理,配伍科学,药物之间共同发挥了润肠通便、养阴润燥、滋补肝肾的作用,具有明显的增效作用,充分发挥了相须相使的配伍关系。
以本发明的组合物作为有效成分,可以制备成用于治疗或改善便秘的药物制剂、保健品和特殊医学用途功能食品等多种不同形式的产品,产品应用形式多样。
为证明本发明饮料的有效性,特开展以下试验:
动物试验:
1.动物分组与模型复制
清洁级昆明种小鼠,雄性,40只,体重18-22g。动物适应性饲养7天后,用随机数字表法随机分为正常组、模型组、模型给药组、正常给药组,共4组,每组10只。
将小鼠自身粪便少许磨碎,加生理盐水制成0.lg/L的混悬液,按1mL/只每天灌胃给予1次,连续3天;于第5-7天,每天以复方地芬诺酯溶液(2mg/kg)灌胃,0.3mL/只,连续3天,给药与造模间隔30min,复制便秘模型。
2.药物制备与给药
模型给药组和正常给药组施用上述改善功能性便秘的食药同源的饮料的组合物,依照人单位体重生药量求得小鼠单位体重生药量,并扩大20倍,即12g/kg。
模型给药组与正常给药组动物,每天1次灌胃给药,0.3mL/只,连续7天;正常组及模型组给予等量蒸馏水灌胃,各组于末次给药后,禁食12h处死。
3.检测项目
3.1 一般情况
观察小鼠的活动度、精神状况、毛发光泽度及饮食情况。
3.2排便实验观察
于第7天给药结束后30min,给予各组动物已配制好的5 %活性炭悬浮液,该使用活性炭悬浮液采用5 %活性炭炭末与10 %***树胶配比混合而成,每只0.2mL,将小鼠放入铺有滤纸的鼠笼内,每笼放小鼠1只,并正常供给词料和饮水,同时开始准确计时。观察记录每只小鼠首次排出含炭粉黑便粪便的时间,连续观察4h,记录4h内小鼠总排便粒数,并称量。
3.3小肠炭末推进率
检测各组于末次给药后,禁食12h,以5%活性炭炭末与10%***树胶混合配比而成5%活性炭悬浮液,灌胃,每只0.2mL,25min后立即脱颈推处死动物,迅速打开腹腔,分离小肠,剪取上端自幽门、下端至回盲部的肠管,置于托盘上,轻轻将小肠铺平成直线,不牵拉。测量肠管长度为小肠总长度,从幽门至炭末前沿为炭末推进长度,按公式计算炭末推进率( 注:炭末推进率(%)=炭末推进长度+小肠总长度X 100%)。
3.4胃排空率
小鼠用2%DB-2000灌胃,0.4ml/只,于分光光度计620nm处测吸光度值,胃排空率(%)=1-A1/A2,其中A1:胃内DB-2000吸光度值,A2:基准DB-2000吸光度值。
4.结果
4.1一般情况
正常组小鼠体胖、精神良好、行动活跃、饮食不减、皮毛润泽。模型组小鼠见皮毛色泽无光泽、发黄伴竖毛,蜷曲蹲伏、活动减少,精神萎靡,纳差,粪便质地坚硬,干燥。药物干预组小鼠上述改变有所减轻。
4.2排便实验观测
与正常组相比,模型组小鼠首粒黑便时间延长,4h排便粒数、4h排便重量明显减少,差异有显着意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组相比,模型给药组首粒黑便时间缩短,4h排便粒数、4h排便重量增加(P<0.05)。见表1
表1各组小鼠排便情况比较(n=8, x±s)
表1各组小鼠排便情况比较(n=8, x±s)
组别 | 首粒黑便时间(min) | 4h排便重量(g) | 4h排便粒数 |
正常组 | 81. 875 ± 9. 300 | 0.711 ±0.212 | 36. 105 ±5. 512 |
模型组 | 119.875 ±14.618 ** | 0.258 ±0. 108 ** | 18.066±3. 808 ** |
模型给药组 | 92. 000 ± 12. 367<sup>#</sup> | 0.537±0.132<sup>#</sup> | 38 002 ± 4. 199 <sup>#</sup> |
注:与正常组比,* P <0.05,** P <0.01; 与模型组比,# P <0.05,## P <0.01
4.3胃肠动力功能观察
模型组小鼠小肠炭末推进率降低,与正常组比较差异有显着意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)模型给药组小鼠小肠炭末推进率升高,与模型组比较有显着差异(P<0.05或P<0.01),提示能增强便秘小鼠胃肠运动能力,缓解运动功能受限及排便障碍。正常组与正常给药组小鼠在小肠炭末推进率方面差异无显着性。见表2。
表 2各组小鼠的胃肠功能比较(n=8, x±s)
组别 | 胃排空率(%) | 小肠推进率(%) |
正常组 | 91.29±6.92 | 68.15±7.25 |
模型组 | 55.83±12.31<sup>*</sup> | 50.22±11.72<sup>*</sup> |
模型给药组 | 87.53±7.36<sup>#</sup> | 70. 490 ± 6. 43<sup>#</sup> |
注:与正常组比,* P <0.05,** P <0.01; 与模型组比,# P <0.05,## P <0.01
典型病例:
某患者,女,14岁,学生。便秘、食后腹胀1年余。大便3~4日一行,排便困难,量少微干。食后腹胀,易乏力,面部多发痤疮,时发口腔溃疡。平素因学习紧张, 有轻度焦虑情绪。纳可,眠差,小便调。经量少,经色淡,经期延长。舌淡红、苔白滑,脉弱。2015年在某医院检查全消化道钡餐未见异常。给予本饮料口服,早晚分服各30ML。6天后复大便每日l次,腹胀明显减轻。嘱其调节饮食起居,多进食富含纤维素的蔬菜、水果及谷物,适当增加活动量,养成定时排便的习惯。随访未复发。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明做进一步描述:
实施例:
本发明提供一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料,其特征在于,该饮料包括下述重量份的中药材:
火麻仁10-20份、郁李仁25-35份、杏仁6-12份、桃仁6-12份、益智仁6-12份、黑芝麻6-12份、当归15-25份、莱菔子15-25份、佛手10-20份。
上述该饮料的制备方法如下:
(1)将火麻仁、当归、药物制剂辅料混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍量水,煎煮2小时,第二次加6倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,合并两次煎煮得到的滤液,浓缩至在温度为50℃条件下,相对密度为1.2的浸膏;
(2)将黑芝麻和杏仁粉碎,过100目筛,然后与上述所得的中药浸膏搅拌混合均匀即得。
所述药学上可接受的辅料为药物制剂中的常规辅料,优选为甘油、丁二醇、海藻糖、甜菜碱、尿囊素、卡波姆、精氨酸、乳木果油、霍霍巴油、乳化剂中的一种或多种。
本发明的第三方面,提供一种改善便秘的保健品,以上述食药同源中药组合物为有效成分。
本发明的第四方面,提供一种改善便秘的特殊医学用途功能食品,以上述食药同源中药组合物为有效成分。
利用本发明所述的技术方案,或本领域的技术人员在本发明技术方案的启发下,设计出类似的技术方案,而达到上述技术效果的,均是落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料,其特征在于,该改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料有效成分的原料药按重量份计为:
火麻仁 10-20份 郁李仁 25-35份 杏仁 6-12份
桃仁 6-12份 益智仁 6-12份 黑芝麻 6-12份
当归 5-25份 莱菔子 15-25份 佛手 10-20份。
2.如权利要求1所述的改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料的制备方法,其特征在于该方法为:
(1)将火麻仁、当归、药物制剂辅料混合,加水煎煮两次,第一次加8倍量水,煎煮2小时,第二次加6倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,合并两次煎煮得到的滤液,浓缩至在温度为50℃条件下,相对密度为1.2的浸膏;
(2)将黑芝麻和杏仁粉碎,过100目筛,然后与上述所得的中药浸膏搅拌混合均匀即得。
3.如权利要求2所述的改善功能性便秘食药同源饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述药物制剂辅料为甘油、丁二醇、海藻糖、甜菜碱、尿囊素、卡波姆、精氨酸、乳木果油、霍霍巴油、乳化剂中的一种或多种。
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Application publication date: 20190125 |