CN109254229A - The verification method of the lightning protection of captive balloon - Google Patents
The verification method of the lightning protection of captive balloon Download PDFInfo
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- CN109254229A CN109254229A CN201811092647.6A CN201811092647A CN109254229A CN 109254229 A CN109254229 A CN 109254229A CN 201811092647 A CN201811092647 A CN 201811092647A CN 109254229 A CN109254229 A CN 109254229A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/60—Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems
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- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of verification methods of captive balloon lightning protection.Wherein, this method comprises: choosing the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of captive balloon to be verified；The verification platform for verifying captive balloon scale model is built, verification platform includes: discharge circuit, control circuit and measuring circuit；Discharge circuit is controlled using control circuit, so that discharge circuit injects the lightning current of specified waveform to captive balloon scale model；It is filled with the electric shock situation of the captive balloon scale model of lightning current using measuring circuit measurement, and obtains measurement result；The lightning protection effect of captive balloon is determined according to measurement result.The embodiment of the present invention is directed to the lightning protection measures that captive balloon is taken, and provides the experimental technique and method of lightning-protection system under laboratory condition, can accurately, systematically assess the theoretical lightning protection effect of captive balloon lightning-protection system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of captive balloon lightning protection test and test, more particularly, to a kind of captive balloon
The verification method of lightning protection.
Background technique
With the fast development of aeronautical technology, the research of captive balloon is also gradually increased.In the test to captive balloon
During taking a flight test, some factors for seriously affecting captive balloon safety are also gradually exposed.
Nature lightning weather is exactly a very important influence factor.The working depth of captive balloon is generally height above sea level
2000 meters or so.Different geographical, the height of cloud base of Various Seasonal are different, for the research in thunder and lightning field, it is considered that cloud base
Height is 1500 meters, i.e. captive balloon is among cloud layer, and lightening activity is frequent inside cloud layer, between cloud layer herein.Low latitude is tethered at
The lightning strike accident of balloon can caused by property loss and delay Project R&D progress, the lightning protection design verification of captive balloon at
In order to which the emphasis for grinding unit and paying close attention to using department holds in the country.
Applicant it has been investigated that: currently, the lightning protection experimental technique of captive balloon be built upon aircraft lightning protection test
Research on standard explore and theory analysis on the basis of, do not have mature captive balloon lightning protection testing standard.Due to thunder
Hitting is a kind of natural phenomena, carries out lightning protection experimentation cost height in outfield, the time is long, and the thunder and lightning that only the theoretical analysis is completed
Protection design not can prove that the validity and reliability of lightning-protection system, can injure the safety of equipment and personnel, captive balloon
Lightning protection design test and test cannot carry out under true thunder and lightning environment, and it is lower first can only to carry out accuracy in laboratory
Test.
The lightning protection measures how to take for captive balloon, can accurately, systematically assess captive balloon lightning-protection system
Theoretical lightning protection effect, become this field technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the present invention provides a kind of captive balloons in order to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art
The verification method of lightning protection.This method comprises:
Choose the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of captive balloon to be verified；
The verification platform for verifying captive balloon scale model is built, verification platform includes: discharge circuit, control circuit
And measuring circuit；
Discharge circuit is controlled using control circuit, so that discharge circuit injects specified waveform to captive balloon scale model
Lightning current；
It is filled with the electric shock situation of the captive balloon scale model of lightning current using measuring circuit measurement, and obtains measurement knot
Fruit；
The lightning protection effect of captive balloon is determined according to measurement result.
The embodiment of the present invention is directed to the lightning protection measures that captive balloon is taken, and provides the examination of lightning-protection system under laboratory condition
Technology and methods are tested, by the lightning effects occurred on reproduction captive balloon, indirectly test lightning protection system on ball
Practical lightning protection effect, and the design of captive balloon lightning-protection system is carried out perfect.Meanwhile carrying out being tethered at equipped with lightning-protection system material object
The field trial of balloon is studied, verifies relevant test, measuring technology, anti-with the reality for verifying lightning-protection system under natural environment
Thunder effect guarantees the rate of attendance and safety of the captive balloon under severe weather conditions conscientiously, is this frontier of captive balloon
Development provide important guarantee.It can accurately, systematically assess the theoretical lightning protection effect of captive balloon lightning-protection system.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will make below to required in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing is briefly described, it is therefore apparent that drawings described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the technical staff in field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the test schematic diagram of the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of the captive balloon scale model of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the ground axis coordinate system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the lightning current injection testing installation of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the lightning current conduction test scheme of installation of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the lightning current injection testing installation rack schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the tether cable impulse voltage test of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is that the lightning-arrest Soret electric current of one embodiment of the invention splashes down the schematic diagram of test；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the corona streamer test of one embodiment of the invention；
Figure 10 is the lightning-arrest rope support rod of one embodiment of the invention or the schematic diagram of envelop materials lightning impulse voltage test；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the lightning current waveform monitoring device circuit of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Without making creative work, every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The feature and illustrative examples of various aspects of the invention is described more fully below.In following detailed description
In, many details are proposed, in order to provide complete understanding of the present invention.But come for those skilled in the art
It says it will be apparent that the present invention can be implemented in the case where not needing some details in these details.Below to reality
The description of example is applied just for the sake of providing and better understanding to of the invention by showing example of the invention.The present invention is never
It is limited to any specific setting and method set forth below, but covering finishes under the premise of without departing from the spirit of the present invention
Structure, method, any improvement of device, substitutions and modifications.In the the accompanying drawings and the following description, well known structure and skill is not shown
Art is unnecessary fuzzy to avoid causing to the present invention.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment can be tied mutually
It closes, each embodiment mutually can be referred to and be quoted.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the test schematic diagram of the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, verification platform may include: discharge circuit, control circuit and measuring circuit.The verification platform can be with
It is the verification platform for verifying captive balloon scale model.
Wherein, discharge circuit may include: charging unit, protective ball gap, combination capacitor, discharge ball gap, harmonic impedance, electricity
Hold divider, impulse voltage generator, discharge electrode and ground connection plate.
Wherein, charging unit, discharge ball gap, harmonic impedance, capacitive divider and impulse voltage generator are sequentially connected in series；It fills
Electric installation, protective ball gap, combination capacitor are connected in parallel on respectively between discharge ball gap and impulse voltage generator；Discharge electrode respectively with
Harmonic impedance is connected with capacitive divider；Ground connection plate is connect with impulse voltage generator and capacitive divider respectively.
Wherein, captive balloon scale model should be able to reflect space structure, conductor or the non-conductive material and electricity of captive balloon
Field arrangement.Sphere is made using practical envelop materials.Helium of substituting the bad for the good in preceding air bag is tested, task device contracting ratio is put into radome fairing
Skeleton.It tests the captive balloon scale model shrinkage scale cun chosen and is divided into 1/20,1/25,1/30.In addition, being wanted meeting laboratory
A shrinkage scale less than 1/20 cun value model may be selected in the case where asking.To with amplitude of lightning current, in the section of 1~200kA
Several representative values are chosen, such as 3,20,100,200kA, it is corresponding to hit away from respectively 19.6m, 70m, 203m, 322m, according to contracting ratio
The contracting of model is hit away from contracting ratio accordingly than ratio progress.The attachment experimental tests of scale model thunder and lightning takes component C using thunder and lightning corrugating
And component D is examined, parameter meets GJB3567-1999 " regulation of military aircraft lightning protection qualification test method ".Each
The attachment experimental tests of shrinkage scale cun is all divided into bar electrode and plate electrode tests two parts progress.
The test of the captive balloon scale model of default shrinkage scale cun may include steps of:
S101 chooses the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of captive balloon to be verified；
S102, builds the verification platform for verifying captive balloon scale model, and verification platform includes: discharge circuit, control
Circuit processed and measuring circuit；
S103 controls discharge circuit using control circuit, so that discharge circuit is specified to the injection of captive balloon scale model
The lightning current of waveform；
S104 is filled with the electric shock situation of the captive balloon scale model of lightning current using measuring circuit measurement, and obtained
Measurement result；
S105 determines the lightning protection effect of captive balloon according to measurement result.
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of the captive balloon scale model of one embodiment of the invention
As shown in Fig. 2, captive balloon scale model is placed between discharge electrode and ground connection plate.Plate setting is grounded to exist
Between 2 brackets.
In some embodiments, bar electrode test may include steps of:
1) some contracting is placed on frock clamp than the scale model test part of ratio, and make model be in bar electrode with
It is grounded between plate.
2) captive balloon is approached using bar electrode simulation nature lightning guide, adjusts thunder and lightning flow-generator, makes its production
The raw lightning voltage C waveform for meeting GJB3567-1999 requirement.
3) model attitude is adjusted, makes the orientation of bar electrode Alignment model that should be able to reflect the lightning leader being in-flight likely to occur
Close to the orientation of captive balloon, between the highest point under bar electrode endpoint and the captive balloon posture at a distance from select respectively it is different
Thunder and lightning is hit away from contracting ratio.It then discharges, post-test-inspection testpieces state (whether occur attachment damage) and recording is taken pictures.
In some embodiments, plate electrode test may include steps of:
1) scale model test part is placed on frock clamp, and make model be in plate electrode and ground connection plate it
Between.
2) lightning leader triggered by captive balloon is simulated using plate electrode, is adjusted thunder and lightning flow-generator, is made its generation
Meet the lightning voltage D waveform of GJB3567-1999 requirement.
3) adjust model attitude, between the highest point under plate electrode and the captive balloon posture at a distance from select difference respectively
Thunder and lightning hit away from contracting ratio.Alignment plate electrode simultaneously discharges.Post-test-inspection testpieces state (attachment damage whether occur) is simultaneously
Record is taken pictures.
Bar electrode or plate electrode determine at a distance from model according to captive balloon shrinkage scale cun.It, should be away from when pose adjustment
From should not change.
In some embodiments, adjustment and bar electrode or the plate electrode Alignment model of model attitude can be related to when test
The step of orientation is determining, and Adjusted Option may include following S201 and S202:
S201, adopted captive balloon model attitude use ground axis coordinate system.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the ground axis coordinate system of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 3, pitching angle theta captive balloon comes back
It is positive, yaw angle ψ captive balloon head right avertence boat is positive, roll angleThe right rolling of captive balloon is positive.
S202, thunder and lightning azimuth, for increments of change, are generated various with 30 ° by the various combination of pitching, roll and yaw
The lightning stroke azimuth that model attitude angle is tested as bar electrode or plate electrode.Specific lightning test azimuth is shown in Table 1.
The lightning stroke of table 1 orientation number
It in some embodiments, can be to captive balloon thunder and lightning direct effect protection design verification experimental verification.
Wherein, the peculiar structural member of captive balloon includes tether cable, lightning-arrest rope, lightning-arrest rope support rod, envelop materials etc..It is right
It should increase corresponding lightning impulse voltage test because it connects ground and aerial sphere in tether cable, prevent hawser from insulating
It is breakdown.
In some embodiments, the test of tether cable lightning protection can be the test of tether cable thunder amplification current.
The check requirements of tether cable thunder amplification current test are the thunders for examining tether cable to lead thunder layer when flowing through lightning current
Electric through-current capability (leads whether thunder layer, which melts, burns end, Damage to insulation layer, damage tensile layer, hawser oversheath whether melt shows
As) and to extent of the destruction caused by hawser insulation etc. etc., guarantee that captive balloon does not go out after the lightning current for bearing general requirement
Existing tether cable is broken and leads to escape accident.Core examination of the tether cable in thunder amplification current test is in thunder and lightning
Intensity pull test is carried out after cranking test, studies the tether cable Strength Changes situation under different amplitude of lightning current.According to
The analysis of captive balloon region division, tether cable should be in region 1, according to GJB3567-1999 " military aircraft lightning protection
The regulation of qualification test method " use impact lightning current generator to carry out following tests: tether cable lightning current injection respectively
Test；Tether cable leads thunder layer lightning current conduction test.Lightning current waveform takes component A and component C to be examined.To study hawser
Test A, C component is divided into several magnitudes and carried out by the degree of impairment after bearing different intensity of lightning current to study performance assessment criteria
Examination.Several typical numerical value, such as component A are chosen in lightning current component A (10kA~200kA), component C (30C~100C)
(10kA), C (30C), component A (30kA), C (50C), component A (200kA), C (200C) carry out lightning current injection and try with conduction
It tests.
Tether cable lightning current injection testing step can be as described below:
S301 takes and is about 1,4m hawser sample, places it on lightning current test-bed.Hawser one end and lightning current are sent out
The electrion ball of raw device is extremely close, and the other end applies and the pulling force of captive balloon service load equivalence and ground connection.
S302 adjusts thunder and lightning flow-generator, its generation is made to meet the lightning current component A of GJB3567-1999 requirement, C wave
Shape, and lightning current component A, C waveform (two waveforms are successively to be continuously injected into) are applied to tether cable.Post-test-inspection testpieces
State (as fracture, pit situations such as) and record take pictures.
S303 carries out fracture strength test, tension sensor when record testpieces is broken to it if testpieces is not broken
The maximal force of upper display.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the lightning current injection testing installation of one embodiment of the invention
As shown in figure 4, tether cable lightning current conduction test step can be as described below:
S401 takes and is about 2m hawser sample, hawser sample is placed on lightning current test-bed.Remove 5cm in hawser both ends
Thunder layer is led in the oversheath exposing of left and right, is lived with aluminium row pressure with good conductivity and is led thunder layer.Aluminium arranges one end ground connection, other end connection electricity
Flow-generator high-field electrode.
S402 adjusts thunder and lightning flow-generator, its generation is made to meet the lightning current component A of GJB3567-1999 requirement, C wave
Shape, and lightning current component A, C waveform (two waveforms are successively to be continuously injected into) are applied to tether cable.Post-test-inspection testpieces
State (as fracture, pit situations such as) and record take pictures.
S403 carries out fracture strength test, tension sensor when record testpieces is broken to it if testpieces is not broken
The maximal force of upper display.
Some use characteristic and the parameters of insulating layer, tensile layer, oversheath also can be obtained in this test, for material selection, cable
Parameter when each section of restricting design, which is chosen, provides foundation.Furthermore it is also possible to obtain tether cable with leading block contact point
Degree of impairment.
Fig. 5 is the lightning current conduction test scheme of installation of one embodiment of the invention.Fig. 6 is the thunder of one embodiment of the invention
Rack schematic diagram is installed in electric current injection testing.
With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, in tether cable lightning impulse voltage test, tether cable lightning impulse voltage test is
The lightning impulse breakdown voltage that insulate between thunder layer and power supply core wire is led to obtain, verifies hawser design parameter.Hawser center is power supply
Conducting wire and communication optical fiber, lead thunder layer within oversheath, and typical structure is as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Using the lightning impulse voltage generator of 1.2/50 μ S waveform to tether cable power supply core wire to leading thunder layer, power supply core
Insulation between line carries out lightning impulse breakdown voltage test.
Tether cable test product is cut into 6,3m length sample, retain intermediate 50cm oversheath and leads thunder layer, shield in rest part
Set and power supply cored wire conductor retain；Wherein 3 hawser samples split the inner sheath of reservation, and 3 power supply core wires (are retained power supply
Core insulation) it separates；The inner sheath that other 3 hawser samples retain is not splitted.
Test procedure is as follows:
S501 takes in hawser sample 1, and the thunder layer of leading for respectively having peeled off two sides is fixed to intermediate warp.Test product is put
It sets in oil groove, is impregnated with 25# transformer oil.Thunder and lightning flow-generator electrode meets one led in thunder layer or power supply core wire and marks
Note, another power supply core wire simultaneously mark ground connection.
S502 adjusts lightning impulse voltage generator, its generation is made to meet GB/T 16927-1997 " high-voltage test skill
Art " require 1.2/50 μ S waveform.It boosts since 10kV when pressurization, amplitude of pressurizeing every time is to observe test product shape no more than 1kV
Condition and test waveform are hit until sample punctures with the last time voltage before puncturing for minimum lightning impulse
Wear voltage.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the tether cable impulse voltage test of one embodiment of the invention.
With reference to Fig. 7, when captive balloon tether cable high voltage supply system lightning protection simulation calculation, captive balloon is tethered at cable
Rope high voltage supply system is made of ascending, descending pressure transformer, hawser and electrical equipment etc., using international EM transient calculation
Program, simulation calculation difference are struck by lightning under the conditions of (sideflash of direct lightning strike, different location), and the thunder and lightning of tether cable power supply system is anti-
It protects effect (such as residual voltage and thunder and lightning flow distribution).
The first step confirms the parameter of each building block in tether cable high voltage supply system, establishes entire power supply system
Equivalent circuit；
Second step chooses different impulse earthed resistances, different amplitude of lightning current, under the influence of calculating different lightning stroke positional factors
Hawser core wire above earth potential, hawser lead thunder layer above earth potential, hawser core wire and lead voltage etc. between thunder layer,
Third step, in conjunction with tether cable lightning impulse breakdown voltage measurement result, assessment captive balloon high pressure is supplied in synthesis
The resistance to thunder and lightning voltage levels of electrical circuit.
In some embodiments, the test of sphere structure part lightning protection can use lightning-arrest rope thunder amplification current and splash down examination
It tests.
The thunder and lightning verification test that it need to be completed according to the functional analysis of lightning-arrest rope is that test is splashed down in thunder amplification current and lightning stroke.
When in order to examine thunder and lightning to attack lightning-arrest rope directly, whether the lightning current through-current capability and corresponding damage phenomenon of lightning-arrest rope (melt, break
Line and its damage phenomenon of sphere etc.).
It is analyzed according to captive balloon region division, lightning-arrest rope should be in region 1, and lightning current waveform takes component A and divides
Amount C is examined, and since lightning-arrest rope covers utricule, length is very long, (according to captive balloon volume, length is different).As
Structural member in region 1, thunder and lightning attachment point concentrate, carry out direct effect test do not need it is full-scale, only need to intercept it is a bit of
Injection and conduction test can be completed.Test is divided into lightning-arrest rope thunder amplification current and lightning-arrest Soret hits and splashes down two parts progress, examination
It is described to test that steps are as follows.
The first step takes length not less than 1, lightning-arrest rope sample of 50cm, places it on lightning current test-bed.It is lightning-arrest
The electrion ball of Suo Yiduan and thunder and lightning flow-generator are extremely close, and the other end is grounded with aluminium row pressure.
Second step adjusts thunder and lightning flow-generator, its generation is made to meet the lightning current component A of GJB3567-1999 requirement, C wave
Shape, and lightning current component A, C waveform (two waveforms are successively to be continuously injected into) are applied to lightning-arrest rope.Waveforms amplitude is since low value
Lightning-arrest rope fusing is adjusted on step by step or until the amplitude that GJB3567-1999 is required.Post-test-inspection testpieces state is (such as
Situations such as fracture, pit) and record.
Fig. 8 is that the lightning-arrest Soret electric current of one embodiment of the invention splashes down the schematic diagram of test.
With reference to Fig. 8, thunder and lightning splashes down test to carry out also according to above-mentioned steps, when progress thunder and lightning splashes down test, lightning-arrest
Covering (distance is identical as lightning-arrest rope support rod height) is arranged at below rope, and covering is vacantly arranged, is splashed to observe lightning-arrest Soret and hit
Phenomenon etc. is fallen, the process of disappearance is generated to high-speed camera record electric arc.
This test can be subsequent type selecting and dimension according to the degree of impairment of envelop materials for verifying the type selecting of lightning-arrest rope
Shield provides reference.
In some embodiments, captive balloon corona and streamer test are for determining captive balloon, lightning-arrest rope, sensor
Conducting wire, tail bracing wires and pull rod and the corona being exposed on other components in thunder and lightning electric field and streamer, can obtain being tethered at gas
The possibility position or equipment that ball sphere in thundercloud electric field and lightning channel externally discharges, avoid flammable area, are antenna on ball
And the arrangement vulnerable to electromagnetic interference equipment provides reference frame.
Corona and streamer test thunder and lightning corrugating take lightning voltage waveform B to be examined, and parameter meets GJB3567-1999 pairs
The regulation of lightning voltage waveform B.Test procedure is as described below:
The first step, test connect plate electrode using impulse voltage generator, can produce uniform electricity by plate electrode
?.Testpieces is placed on the frock clamp of high insulation resistance, and is in model between plate electrode and ground connection plate.
Second step adjusts impulse voltage generator, generates required voltage waveform B and electric field, and ensure that height does not occur
Press disruptive discharge.
Third step carries out test electric discharge, observes streamer photo.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the corona streamer test of one embodiment of the invention.
With reference to Fig. 9, take shelter from the thunder rope support rod and envelop materials lightning impulse voltage test when, take shelter from the thunder rope support rod and utricule material
Material is possible without directly attachment, but need to carry out lightning impulse voltage test, which helps to understand lightning-arrest rope support rod and utricule
The impact insulation performance of material provides reference for the height and arrangement distance for rope support rod of taking shelter from the thunder.Using lightning impulse voltage wave
Shape D tests the lightning impulse flashover voltage of lightning-arrest rope support rod, tests the lightning impulse breakdown voltage of envelop materials.
The lightning impulse voltage test thunder and lightning corrugating of lightning-arrest rope support rod and envelop materials takes voltage waveform D to be examined
Core, parameter meet GJB3567-1999 " regulation of military aircraft lightning protection qualification test method ".Test procedure is as described below:
Testpieces is placed between bar electrode and ground connection plate by the first step, bar electrode connection impact piezoelectric voltage generator.
Testpieces one end connects bar electrode, other end ground connection.Test for envelop materials is laid in using on metal flat,
Planar ground.
Second step adjusts impulse voltage generator, until the testpieces occurs breakdown and generates satisfactory voltage waveform
D measures the breakdown voltage of testpieces by capacitive divider.
Figure 10 is the lightning-arrest rope support rod of one embodiment of the invention or the schematic diagram of envelop materials lightning impulse voltage test.
With reference to Figure 10, captive balloon lightning indirect effect protection design verification experimental verification can be balloon borne electronic electric equipment thunder
Electric electromagnetic environment emulation test.
Balloon borne electronic electric equipment thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment emulation utilizes electromagnetic simulation software analysis lightning stroke moment captive balloon
Thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment in neighbouring and hanger investigates the distribution of lightning stroke moment captive balloon electromagnetic field and at electronic electric equipment end
The induced voltage and induced current that mouth will appear.
Firstly, establishing numerical simulation model in electromagnetic analysis software according to different captive balloon models.Secondly, by external
Lightning environment is by each lightning currents such as current component A (going home for the first time), B (intermediate current), C (follow current), D (subsequent counterattack)
Component is arranged respectively to exciting current, is respectively once emulated.Meanwhile it being put according to the thunder and lightning transmission path foundation on captive balloon
Electric channel.Then, extract and analyze simulation result.Different thunder and lightning flow component is analyzed at captive balloon different location equipment
Transient state couple current between electric field value and magnetic field value and interconnection cable.Finally, passing through equipment in the screen of different installed positions
Mode is covered, analyzes the examination taken needed for each equipment in conjunction with the relevant regulations in emulation Coupled Numerical and RTCA/DO-160F standard
Test waveform and test class.
B) balloon borne each electronic electric equipment indirect effect test
Balloon borne electronic electric equipment indirect effect test mainly installs the equipment of thunder and righting blanker additional in simulation for verifying
The disturbed situation of damage tolerance and function under thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment.Thunder and lightning transient state as defined in RTCA/DO-160F standard is selected in test
Sensitivity testing carries out in terms of contact pin injection testing and bunch of cables test two.Test method is shown in RTCA/DO-160F the 22nd
Section.Wherein contact pin injection testing is used to the voltage endurance capability of assessment equipment and the limit of rupture of equipment interface circuit；Bunch of cables test
For studying when Device under test and its wiring are under corresponding thunder and lightning environment, interference and its damage feelings that equipment is born
Condition.After balloon borne electronic electric equipment thunder and lightning Electromagnetic Environment Simulation Analysis, validation test waveform and test class.For example, for
The exposed electronic equipment in thunder and lightning electromagnetic environment, coupled modes are usually bunch of cables Conduction coupling, and Lightning Test waveform is logical
It is often thunder and lightning waveform 3,4.Test class is selected as 4,5.
In some embodiments, after completing above all of laboratory's verification test, it is anti-that captive balloon thunder and lightning can be done
Field trial is protected, the theoretical protection effect of captive balloon lightning-protection system can be proved with Comprehensive Assessment.But in the thunder for facing nature
When electricity attacks, then by design outfield monitoring test method, the practical lightning protection effect of lightning-protection system under natural environment is verified.
In some embodiments, dedicated lightning stroke monitoring system may include: captive balloon lightning protection field trial system
Comprising captive balloon system, a set of, dedicated lightning stroke monitoring system is a set of.Dedicated lightning stroke monitoring system can neither be to captive balloon
Other systems constitute interference, are easily installed, and measurement writing function should be completed in the case where unattended.It wherein include thunder and lightning
Flow waveform monitoring device, number of lightning strokes recording equipment, on ball and ground field strength monitors system.
Lightning current waveform monitoring device selects the new-type Rogowski coil of open loop structure as lighting current sensor,
Non-closed iron core is added in Rogowski coil, to increase coil inductance, reduces coil turn.Coil is designed to open loop simultaneously
Structure, both ends are connected through a screw thread, and can directly be covered around current loop, and installation is facilitated.After coil both ends screw, iron core is by one
The air gap of measured length separates, and can inhibit wave distortion caused by core sataration.
Thunder-and-lightning counter is a kind of to record transmission line or equipment by the online of Return stroke of ground flash pulse shock number
Measuring instrument, is typically mounted on power transmission line lightning arrester discharge circuit or lightning protection system draws on lower device.
Systems scan equipment is monitored for the field strength on ball, not had an impact to the balloon borne equipment of captive balloon,
Power supply and data storage should all be unrelated with balloon borne equipment power supply and communication system, and weight and power consumption are small as far as possible.Detecting
Probe uses differential mode measuring technique, and the interference signal being easy to appear in the similar product using common mode measurement in the market is avoided to ask
Topic, can get more accurate measurement result.Mature field strength monitoring device then can be used in ground field strength monitoring system.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the lightning current waveform monitoring device circuit of one embodiment of the invention.
It, can be by lightning stroke monitoring system registers dedicated during field trial in data processing and inversion with reference to Figure 11
Data, which are input in background process equipment, carries out data process&analysis.To it is dedicated lightning stroke monitoring system registers various data into
Row screening, analyzes parameter attribute and sensibility etc., establishes characteristic parameter library (field strength, height, thunder and lightning amplitude etc.).Joined by feature
Number assesses the feature of thunder and lightning and its relationship with field strength, assesses for lightning protection and prevents to provide foundation.
After each thunder and lightning weather, the thunderstorm electricity protective device of captive balloon after inspection, the lightning stroke damageable zone of captive balloon
(utricule, hawser etc.) records degree of impairment.In conjunction with treated the data analysis of dedicated lightning stroke monitoring system, natural environment is verified
The practical lightning protection effect of lower lightning-protection system.
The experimental technique scheme of above-mentioned captive balloon lightning protection, have many advantages, such as system comprehensively, strong operability.Based on this
Certain type captive balloon after testing program verifying completes repeatedly lift-off test in outfield, cumulative activation 354 days, during which meets with thunder
Rainy day gas 9 times, according to actual test data and use feedback, which solves low latitude under natural environment and is tethered at gas
The practical lightning protection effect problem of ball lightning-protection system guarantees its rate of attendance and safety in inclement weather, can be widely popularized and answer
For the verification experimental verification of all kinds of military-civil captive balloon lightning-protection systems, therefore, the present invention has boundless application prospect.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, but protection of the invention
Range is not limited thereto, and anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can be thought easily
It is modified or replaceed to various equivalent, these, which are modified or replaceed, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of verification method of captive balloon lightning protection characterized by comprising
Choose the captive balloon scale model of the default shrinkage scale cun of captive balloon to be verified；
The verification platform for verifying the captive balloon scale model is built, the verification platform includes: discharge circuit, control
Circuit and measuring circuit；
The discharge circuit is controlled using the control circuit, so that the discharge circuit is infused to the captive balloon scale model
Enter the lightning current of specified waveform；
It is filled with the electric shock situation of the captive balloon scale model of the lightning current using the measuring circuit measurement, and obtains
To measurement result；
The lightning protection effect of the captive balloon is determined according to the measurement result.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the discharge circuit includes:
Charging unit, combination capacitor, discharge ball gap, harmonic impedance, capacitive divider, impulse voltage generator, is put at protective ball gap
Electrode and ground connection plate, in which:
The charging unit, the discharge ball gap, the harmonic impedance, the capacitive divider and the impulse voltage generator
It is sequentially connected in series；
The charging unit, the protective ball gap, the combination capacitor are connected in parallel on the discharge ball gap and impact electricity respectively
It presses between generator；
The discharge electrode is connect with the harmonic impedance and the capacitive divider respectively；
The ground connection plate is connect with the impulse voltage generator and the capacitive divider respectively.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, being made using the control circuit control discharge circuit
Obtain the lightning current that the discharge circuit injects specified waveform to the captive balloon scale model, comprising:
The captive balloon scale model is placed between the discharge electrode and the ground connection plate；
The lightning current of the specified waveform is generated by the impulse voltage generator；
The specified lightning current waveform is injected into the captive balloon scale model.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the lightning current of the specified waveform includes in following waveform
It is one or more kinds of:
Thunder and lightning flow component is more than or equal to 10kA and is less than or equal to the lightning current of 200kA,
Lightning current classification is more than or equal to 30C and is less than or equal to the lightning current of 100C.
5. method described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Respectively in the captive balloon scale model such as lower component carries out thunder discharge test and measures electric shock situation:
Tether cable, lightning-arrest rope, lightning-arrest rope support rod, envelop materials.
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| CN201811092647.6A CN109254229A (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | The verification method of the lightning protection of captive balloon |
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| CN114229030A (en) * | 2022-02-26 | 2022-03-25 | 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 | Protection design method for eliminating ignition source of lightning B area of oil tank |
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