CN109252910A - A kind of exhaust heat utilization system - Google Patents

A kind of exhaust heat utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109252910A
CN109252910A CN201811276094.XA CN201811276094A CN109252910A CN 109252910 A CN109252910 A CN 109252910A CN 201811276094 A CN201811276094 A CN 201811276094A CN 109252910 A CN109252910 A CN 109252910A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exhaust
heat
pressure
pressure resistant
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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CN201811276094.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王学敏
季嘉晨
桂勇
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China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811276094.XA priority Critical patent/CN109252910A/en
Publication of CN109252910A publication Critical patent/CN109252910A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to waste gas heat utilization technical fields, disclose a kind of exhaust heat utilization system, which includes host exhaust processor, subsidiary engine exhaust processor and pressure resistant vessel.Host exhaust processor includes First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and host exhaust processor is connected with first exhaust collector;Subsidiary engine exhaust processor includes third heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger, and subsidiary engine exhaust processor is connected with second exhaust collector;Pressure resistant vessel top is filled with steam, it is under-filled to have hot water, the lower part of pressure resistant vessel is connected with the first branch, the first branch is separately connected the second heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger are connected to the middle part of pressure resistant vessel, the top of pressure resistant vessel is connected with second branch, and second branch is separately connected First Heat Exchanger and third heat exchanger, and First Heat Exchanger and third heat exchanger are separately connected steam turbine.Simple and effective of the present invention, occupies little space, and improves marine fuel oil integrated heat efficiency.

Description

A kind of exhaust heat utilization system
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste gas heat utilization technical field more particularly to a kind of exhaust heat utilization systems.
Background technique
In ship domain, on the one hand, there is an urgent need to comprehensively utilize to improve fuel comprehensive utilization ratio by waste gas residual heat, Reduce ship energy consumption;On the other hand, how afterheat utilizing system reduces occupied space if being also contemplated that, reduce cost problem.
However, all using conventional in the marine main engine afterheat utilizing system of major part marine main engine manufacturing company exploitation at present Waste heat boiler generates hot water or steam using exhaust gas.Such as the patent document of Publication No. CN103967648A, disclose one kind Marine low speed diesel residual heat comprehensive recovery system.It is related to promoting host waste gas residual heat boiler and steam turbine in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, Without reference to the utilization of auxiliary power generation diesel exhaust.The patent document of Publication No. CN102777221A discloses a kind of base It is the exhaust for marine diesel engine genset in the marine diesel engine genset power generation system using waste heat of Organic Rankine Cycle UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is generated electricity using organic working medium expanding machine, without reference to exhaust boiler and drum.
Either host or auxiliary power generation diesel engine, the thermal efficiency of machine is promoted to be respectively less than 50%, there are about one thirds Fuel energy taken away by exhaust gas, presently, there are two problems: the energy utilization ratio of waste gas residual heat using system for Ship Waste Heat It is smaller;It can seldom consider the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of auxiliary power generation diesel exhaust.
Summary of the invention
Based on problem above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhaust heat utilization system, simple and effective is occupied empty Between it is small, can be completed at the same time the waste gas heat utilization of Ship Propeling host and auxiliary power generation diesel engine, it is comprehensive to improve marine fuel oil The thermal efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of exhaust heat utilization system, comprising:
Host exhaust processor, the host exhaust processor include First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, at host exhaust gas One end of reason device is connected with first exhaust collector, and host exhaust gas is inputted by first exhaust collector, successively with First Heat Exchanger and the It is discharged after the exchange of two exchanger heats;
Subsidiary engine exhaust processor, the subsidiary engine exhaust processor include third heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger, at subsidiary engine exhaust gas One end of reason device is connected with second exhaust collector, and subsidiary engine exhaust gas is inputted by second exhaust collector, successively with third heat exchanger and the It is discharged after the exchange of four exchanger heats;
Pressure resistant vessel, the top of the pressure resistant vessel inner cavity is filled with steam, under-filled to have hot water, the lower part of pressure resistant vessel It is connected with the first branch, the first branch is separately connected the entrance of the second heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger backwards to one end of pressure resistant vessel The outlet end of end, the second heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger is connected to the middle part of pressure resistant vessel, the top connection of pressure resistant vessel There is second branch, second branch is separately connected the arrival end of First Heat Exchanger and third heat exchanger backwards to one end of pressure resistant vessel, The outlet end of First Heat Exchanger and third heat exchanger is separately connected steam turbine.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, forced circulation pump is provided in the first branch, by force One end of circulating pump processed connects pressure resistant vessel, and the other end is separately connected the arrival end of the second heat exchanger and the 4th heat exchanger.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, the first branch is backwards to one end and the of pressure resistant vessel The first control valve is provided between the arrival end of two heat exchangers, the first control valve can control pressure resistant vessel and be supplied to the second heat exchange The hot water flow of device.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, second branch is backwards to one end and the of pressure resistant vessel The second control valve is provided between the arrival end of one heat exchanger, the second control valve can control pressure resistant vessel and be supplied to the first heat exchange The steam flow of device.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, steam turbine is connected with power generation by transmission mechanism Unit.
It further include non-pressure vessel as the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, non-pressure vessel inner cavity Under-filled to have hot water, the lower part of non-pressure vessel is connected by the lower part of feed pump and pressure resistant vessel.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, the top of pressure resistant vessel passes through regulating valve and normal pressure The top of container connects.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, the lower part of non-pressure vessel is connected with other heat source branch Road.
It further include vacuum condenser as the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, vacuum condenser One end is connect with steam turbine, and the other end is pumped by condensate water circulatory and connect with the lower part of non-pressure vessel, and vacuum condenser also connects It is connected to sea water pump, sea water pump can provide the seawater for heat exchange for vacuum condenser.
As the preferred embodiment of exhaust heat utilization system of the invention, vacuum condenser connects towards one end of steam turbine It is connected to urgent branch, urgent branch is separately connected the outlet of First Heat Exchanger and third heat exchanger backwards to one end of vacuum condenser End.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention is inputted host exhaust gas by first exhaust collector, is successively exchanged with First Heat Exchanger and the second exchanger heat After be discharged, by host exhaust processor complete Ship Propeling host waste gas heat utilization, by subsidiary engine exhaust gas by second exhaust Collector input, is discharged after successively exchanging with third heat exchanger and the 4th exchanger heat, completes ship by subsidiary engine exhaust processor The waste gas heat utilization of auxiliary power generation diesel engine can further improve marine fuel oil integrated heat efficiency;By in pressure resistant vessel Steam and hot water and host exhaust gas and subsidiary engine exhaust gas carry out heat exchange respectively, and simple and effective occupies little space, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, institute in being described below to the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also implement according to the present invention The content of example and these attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the exhaust heat utilization system that the specific embodiment of the invention provides.
In figure:
1- host exhaust processor;2- subsidiary engine exhaust processor;3- pressure resistant vessel;4- steam turbine;5- transmission
Mechanism;6- generating set;7- non-pressure vessel;8- vacuum condenser;
11- First Heat Exchanger;The second heat exchanger of 12-;
21- third heat exchanger;The 4th heat exchanger of 22-;
91- first exhaust collector;92- second exhaust collector;
100- forced circulation pump;200- feed pump;300- condensate water circulatory pump;400- sea water pump;
The first control valve of 1000-;The second control valve of 2000-;3000- regulating valve.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problems solved, the adopted technical scheme and the technical effect achieved by the invention clearer, below It will the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention will be described in further detail in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described embodiment is only It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art exist Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment provides a kind of exhaust heat utilization system, which includes master Machine exhaust processor 1, subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2 and pressure resistant vessel 3.
Wherein, host exhaust processor 1 includes First Heat Exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12, host exhaust processor 1 One end is connected with first exhaust collector 91.Host exhaust gas is inputted by first exhaust collector 91, successively with First Heat Exchanger 11 and It is discharged after two heat exchangers, 12 heat exchange.
Subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2 includes third heat exchanger 21 and the 4th heat exchanger 22, and one end of subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2 connects It is connected to second exhaust collector 92.Subsidiary engine exhaust gas is inputted by second exhaust collector 92, is successively exchanged heat with third heat exchanger 21 and the 4th It is discharged after 22 heat exchange of device.
It should be noted that First Heat Exchanger 11, the second heat exchanger 12, third heat exchanger 21 and the 4th heat exchanger 22 change Heat pipe is all made of fin structure, convenient for efficiently carrying out heat exchange.Longtime running dust stratification in order to prevent, host exhaust processor 1 Several soot blowers are each configured with subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2, the dust stratification on heat exchanger is periodically removed, improves exhaust gas economizer Heat exchange efficiency.
The top of 3 inner cavity of pressure resistant vessel is filled with steam, under-filled to have hot water.Preferably, 3 inner cavity of pressure resistant vessel is upper Portion is filled with saturated vapor, under-filled to have saturated hot-water, convenient for sufficiently and efficiently carrying out heat exchange.Pressure resistant vessel 3 is set Pressure is counted to be determined according to host, the exhaust gas flow of subsidiary engine, temperature.
The lower part of pressure resistant vessel 3 is connected with the first branch, and the first branch is separately connected second backwards to one end of pressure resistant vessel 3 The outlet end of the arrival end of heat exchanger 12 and the 4th heat exchanger 22, the second heat exchanger 12 and the 4th heat exchanger 22, which is connected to, holds The middle part of pressure vessel 3.Saturated hot-water is delivered to the second heat exchanger 12 and the 4th heat exchanger 22 by pressure resistant vessel 3 respectively, respectively with Host exhaust gas and subsidiary engine exhaust gas complete the saturated vapor of formation gas and liquid two phases after heat exchange, and then, saturated vapor is delivered to pressure-bearing In container 3.
The top of pressure resistant vessel 3 is connected with second branch, and second branch is separately connected first backwards to one end of pressure resistant vessel 3 The outlet end of the arrival end of heat exchanger 11 and third heat exchanger 21, First Heat Exchanger 11 and third heat exchanger 21 is separately connected steam Turbine 4.Saturated vapor is delivered to First Heat Exchanger 11 and third heat exchanger 21 by pressure resistant vessel 3 respectively, respectively with host exhaust gas Superheated steam is formed after completing heat exchange with subsidiary engine exhaust gas, then, superheated steam is delivered in steam turbine 4 and forms power source.
The waste gas heat utilization of Ship Propeling host is completed by host exhaust processor 1, meanwhile, at subsidiary engine exhaust gas The waste gas heat utilization that device 2 completes ship auxiliary power generation diesel engine is managed, can further improve marine fuel oil integrated heat efficiency.Pass through Saturated vapor and saturated hot-water and host exhaust gas and subsidiary engine exhaust gas in pressure resistant vessel 3 carry out heat exchange respectively, and simple and effective accounts for It is small with space, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Specifically, being provided with forced circulation pump 100 in the first branch, one end of forced circulation pump 100 connects pressure resistant vessel 3, the other end is separately connected the arrival end of the second heat exchanger 12 and the 4th heat exchanger 22.100 parameter of forced circulation pump is according to circulation Flow, lift determine, for by the saturated hot-water smooth delivery of power of pressure resistant vessel 3 into the second heat exchanger 12 and the 4th heat exchanger 22 Carry out heat exchange.
In order to efficiently use the heat of waste gas heat utilization, power generation operation is completed, steam turbine 4 passes through driver Structure 5 is connected with generating set 6.The mixed vapour generated using host exhaust processor 1, subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2, drives steam The device that turbine 4 drives generating set 6 to generate electricity by transmission mechanism 5.
In order to ensure that the capacity of hot water in pressure resistant vessel 3 is used to cycle heat exchange enough, which is also wrapped Non-pressure vessel 7 is included, the under-filled of 7 inner cavity of non-pressure vessel has hot water, and the lower part of non-pressure vessel 7 passes through feed pump 200 and pressure-bearing The lower part of container 3 connects.The lower part of non-pressure vessel 7 is connected with other heat source branches, and the hot water that other heat sources generate being capable of conduct The heat source hot water of non-pressure vessel 7.
In order to recycle the discharge steam after steam turbine 4, which further includes One end of vacuum condenser 8, vacuum condenser 8 is connect with steam turbine 4, and the other end passes through condensate water circulatory pump 300 and normal pressure The lower part of container 7 connects, and vacuum condenser 8 is also connected with sea water pump 400, and sea water pump 400 can provide use for vacuum condenser 8 In the seawater of heat exchange.
More specifically, the first branch is arranged between one end of pressure resistant vessel 3 and the arrival end of the second heat exchanger 12 There is the first control valve 1000, the first control valve 1000 can control the hot water flow that pressure resistant vessel 3 is supplied to the second heat exchanger 12.
Second branch is provided with the second control valve between one end of pressure resistant vessel 3 and the arrival end of First Heat Exchanger 11 2000, the second control valve 2000 can control the steam flow that pressure resistant vessel 3 is supplied to First Heat Exchanger 11.It needs to illustrate It is that the saturated vapor and saturated hot-water in pressure resistant vessel 3 can pass through 2000 basis of the first control valve 1000 and the second control valve Host, subsidiary engine exhaust gas thermic load accounting be adjusted automatically.
The top of pressure resistant vessel 3 is connect by regulating valve 3000 with the top of non-pressure vessel 7.Water sets in non-pressure vessel 7 Meter temperature is automatically adjusted by regulating valve 3000, is guaranteed by the saturated vapor flow that pressure resistant vessel 3 bypasses.
Vacuum condenser 8 is connected with urgent branch towards one end of steam turbine 4, and urgent branch is backwards to vacuum condenser 8 One end be separately connected the outlet end of First Heat Exchanger 11 and third heat exchanger 21.When steam turbine 4 is in an emergency, vacuum Condenser 8 has whole steam by-pass for generating host exhaust processor 1 and subsidiary engine exhaust processor 2 to vacuum condenser 8 In ability.
Simple and effective of the present invention, occupies little space, energy conservation and environmental protection, can be completed at the same time Ship Propeling host and auxiliary power generation The waste gas heat utilization of diesel engine improves marine fuel oil integrated heat efficiency.
Note that the above is only a better embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that The present invention is not limited to specific embodiments here, be able to carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation, again Adjustment and substitution are without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by above embodiments to the present invention carried out compared with For detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, without departing from the inventive concept, can be with Including more other equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of exhaust heat utilization system characterized by comprising
Host exhaust processor (1), including First Heat Exchanger (11) and the second heat exchanger (12), the host exhaust processor (1) one end is connected with first exhaust collector (91), and host exhaust gas is inputted by the first exhaust collector (91), successively with it is described It is discharged after First Heat Exchanger (11) and second heat exchanger (12) heat exchange;
Subsidiary engine exhaust processor (2), including third heat exchanger (21) and the 4th heat exchanger (22), the subsidiary engine exhaust processor (2) one end is connected with second exhaust collector (92), and subsidiary engine exhaust gas is inputted by the second exhaust collector (92), successively with it is described It is discharged after third heat exchanger (21) and the 4th heat exchanger (22) heat exchange;
Pressure resistant vessel (3), the top of pressure resistant vessel (3) inner cavity is filled with steam, under-filled to have hot water, and the pressure-bearing is held The lower part of device (3) is connected with the first branch, and the first branch is separately connected described backwards to one end of the pressure resistant vessel (3) The arrival end of two heat exchangers (12) and the 4th heat exchanger (22), second heat exchanger (12) and the 4th heat exchanger (22) outlet end is connected to the middle part of the pressure resistant vessel (3), and the top of the pressure resistant vessel (3) is connected with second Road, the second branch are separately connected the First Heat Exchanger (11) and the third backwards to one end of the pressure resistant vessel (3) The outlet end of the arrival end of heat exchanger (21), the First Heat Exchanger (11) and the third heat exchanger (21) is separately connected steam Turbine (4).
2. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with pressure in the first branch Circulating pump (100), one end of the forced circulation pump (100) connect the pressure resistant vessel (3), and the other end is separately connected described the The arrival end of two heat exchangers (12) and the 4th heat exchanger (22).
3. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first branch is backwards to the pressure-bearing It is provided between one end of container (3) and the arrival end of second heat exchanger (12) the first control valve (1000), described first Control valve (1000) can control the hot water flow that the pressure resistant vessel (3) is supplied to second heat exchanger (12).
4. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the second branch is backwards to the pressure-bearing It is provided with the second control valve (2000) between one end of container (3) and the arrival end of the First Heat Exchanger (11), described second Control valve (2000) can control the steam flow that the pressure resistant vessel (3) is supplied to the First Heat Exchanger (11).
5. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the steam turbine (4) passes through transmission Mechanism (5) is connected with generating set (6).
6. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include non-pressure vessel (7), it is described normal The under-filled of pressure vessel (7) inner cavity has hot water, and the lower part of the non-pressure vessel (7) passes through feed pump (200) and the pressure-bearing The lower part of container (3) connects.
7. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the top of the pressure resistant vessel (3) is logical Valve (3000) is overregulated to connect with the top of the non-pressure vessel (7).
8. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the lower part of the non-pressure vessel (7) connects It is connected to other heat source branches.
9. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that it further include vacuum condenser (8), it is described One end of vacuum condenser (8) is connect with the steam turbine (4), and the other end is pumped (300) and described normal by condensate water circulatory The lower part of pressure vessel (7) connects, and the vacuum condenser (8) is also connected with sea water pump (400), and the sea water pump (400) can The seawater for being used for heat exchange is provided for the vacuum condenser (8).
10. exhaust heat utilization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the vacuum condenser (8) is towards institute The one end for stating steam turbine (4) is connected with urgent branch, and the urgent branch is distinguished backwards to one end of the vacuum condenser (8) Connect the outlet end of the First Heat Exchanger (11) and the third heat exchanger (21).
CN201811276094.XA 2018-10-30 2018-10-30 A kind of exhaust heat utilization system Pending CN109252910A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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